473 results on '"H Mai"'
Search Results
2. Assessment of climate change impact on water availability in the upper Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam
- Author
-
D. N. Khoi, V. T. Nguyen, T. T. Sam, N. T. H. Mai, N. D. Vuong, and H. V. Cuong
- Subjects
climate change ,swat ,water availability ,water shortage ,weap ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
On a global scale, climate change is projected to have detrimental impacts on water availability. This situation will become more severe owing to accumulated impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities. This study aims to investigate climate change impact on water availability in the upper Dong Nai River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) models. Future rainfall scenarios were downscaled from five different general circulation models under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 using the Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) tool. Under the climate change impact, annual river discharge in the study region is generally projected to have upward trends in the future, except for the near-future period of the 2030s under RCP4.5. In addition, dry-seasonal river discharge is expected to be increased in the future. Considering the baseline condition of water use, there was an annual water shortage of approximately 32.9 × 103 m3, which mostly occurred in the dry season from January to March. Climate change may reduce the water shortage in the study region ranging from 7.0 to 30.1% in the future. Under the combined impacts of climate change and increasing water demand, the water shortage will vary from −18.6 to 6.0% in the future. The results can provide valuable insights to implement appropriate future water resources planning and management in the study region. HIGHLIGHTS Lack of knowledge about climate change impacts on water availability in the study region.; Water shortage caused by aggregated impacts of future climate change and increase in water demand.; Provide valuable insights to implement appropriate future water resources planning and management.;
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. The driving factors of new particle formation and growth in the polluted boundary layer
- Author
-
M. Xiao, C. R. Hoyle, L. Dada, D. Stolzenburg, A. Kürten, M. Wang, H. Lamkaddam, O. Garmash, B. Mentler, U. Molteni, A. Baccarini, M. Simon, X.-C. He, K. Lehtipalo, L. R. Ahonen, R. Baalbaki, P. S. Bauer, L. Beck, D. Bell, F. Bianchi, S. Brilke, D. Chen, R. Chiu, A. Dias, J. Duplissy, H. Finkenzeller, H. Gordon, V. Hofbauer, C. Kim, T. K. Koenig, J. Lampilahti, C. P. Lee, Z. Li, H. Mai, V. Makhmutov, H. E. Manninen, R. Marten, S. Mathot, R. L. Mauldin, W. Nie, A. Onnela, E. Partoll, T. Petäjä, J. Pfeifer, V. Pospisilova, L. L. J. Quéléver, M. Rissanen, S. Schobesberger, S. Schuchmann, Y. Stozhkov, C. Tauber, Y. J. Tham, A. Tomé, M. Vazquez-Pufleau, A. C. Wagner, R. Wagner, Y. Wang, L. Weitz, D. Wimmer, Y. Wu, C. Yan, P. Ye, Q. Ye, Q. Zha, X. Zhou, A. Amorim, K. Carslaw, J. Curtius, A. Hansel, R. Volkamer, P. M. Winkler, R. C. Flagan, M. Kulmala, D. R. Worsnop, J. Kirkby, N. M. Donahue, U. Baltensperger, I. El Haddad, and J. Dommen
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
New particle formation (NPF) is a significant source of atmospheric particles, affecting climate and air quality. Understanding the mechanisms involved in urban aerosols is important to develop effective mitigation strategies. However, NPF rates reported in the polluted boundary layer span more than 4 orders of magnitude, and the reasons behind this variability are the subject of intense scientific debate. Multiple atmospheric vapours have been postulated to participate in NPF, including sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines and organics, but their relative roles remain unclear. We investigated NPF in the CLOUD chamber using mixtures of anthropogenic vapours that simulate polluted boundary layer conditions. We demonstrate that NPF in polluted environments is largely driven by the formation of sulfuric acid–base clusters, stabilized by the presence of amines, high ammonia concentrations and lower temperatures. Aromatic oxidation products, despite their extremely low volatility, play a minor role in NPF in the chosen urban environment but can be important for particle growth and hence for the survival of newly formed particles. Our measurements quantitatively account for NPF in highly diverse urban environments and explain its large observed variability. Such quantitative information obtained under controlled laboratory conditions will help the interpretation of future ambient observations of NPF rates in polluted atmospheres.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The nano-scanning electrical mobility spectrometer (nSEMS) and its application to size distribution measurements of 1.5–25 nm particles
- Author
-
W. Kong, S. Amanatidis, H. Mai, C. Kim, B. C. Schulze, Y. Huang, G. S. Lewis, S. V. Hering, J. H. Seinfeld, and R. C. Flagan
- Subjects
Environmental engineering ,TA170-171 ,Earthwork. Foundations ,TA715-787 - Abstract
Particle size measurement in the low nanometer regime is of great importance to the study of cloud condensation nuclei formation and to better understand aerosol–cloud interactions. Here we present the design, modeling, and experimental characterization of the nano-scanning electrical mobility spectrometer (nSEMS), a recently developed instrument that probes particle physical properties in the 1.5–25 nm range. The nSEMS consists of a novel differential mobility analyzer and a two-stage condensation particle counter (CPC). The mobility analyzer, a radial opposed-migration ion and aerosol classifier (ROMIAC), can classify nanometer-sized particles with minimal degradation of its resolution and diffusional losses. The ROMIAC operates on a dual high-voltage supply with fast polarity-switching capability to minimize sensitivity to variations in the chemical nature of the ions used to charge the aerosol. Particles transmitted through the mobility analyzer are measured using a two-stage CPC. They are first activated in a fast-mixing diethylene glycol (DEG) stage before being counted by a second detection stage, an ADI MAGIC™ water-based CPC. The transfer function of the integrated instrument is derived from both finite-element modeling and experimental characterization. The nSEMS performance has been evaluated during measurement of transient nucleation and growth events in the CLOUD atmospheric chamber at CERN. We show that the nSEMS can provide high-time- and size-resolution measurement of nanoparticles and can capture the critical aerosol dynamics of newly formed atmospheric particles. Using a soft x-ray bipolar ion source in a compact housing designed to optimize both nanoparticle charging and transmission efficiency as a charge conditioner, the nSEMS has enabled measurement of the contributions of both neutral and ion-mediated nucleation to new particle formation.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Implementation of a Clinical Leadership Curriculum for Pediatric Residents
- Author
-
Daniel H. Mai, Heather Newton, Peter R. Farrell, Paul Mullan, and Rupa Kapoor
- Subjects
Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction Clinical leadership is an essential skill for physicians, empowering them to lead and coordinate teams, communicate clearly under various conditions, model positive behaviors, display emotional intelligence, and ultimately improve patient care outcomes. However, there are currently no standardized residency curricula or competency-based assessments for clinical leadership, as residents often assimilate leadership skills through trial-and-error or observation of their clinical faculty. By utilizing a comprehensive needs assessment and synthesizing evidence-based practices, we developed and implemented a longitudinal and skills-based clinical leadership curriculum for pediatric residents. Methods We modeled our clinical leadership curriculum after Kern's 6-step approach to curricular development and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competency requirements for professionalism. We identified topics based on a resident needs assessment and synthesized evidence from published practices. The curriculum was implemented through both monthly facilitated group sessions and independent learning modules. Results 44 postgraduate year-2 (PGY-2) and PGY-3 pediatric residents participated in at least one monthly session of the clinical leadership curriculum. 27 (61%) completed the survey to evaluate the efficacy of the curriculum. Of the respondents, 23 (85%) residents found the leadership sessions useful, 4 (15%) were neutral, and none (0%) rated the sessions as not useful. 26 (96%) residents reported that the sessions should be continued. Conclusion The clinical leadership curriculum has been received favorably by senior pediatric residents at our institution. Our next steps are to pilot the curriculum within residency programs of different specialties at our own institution as well as with pediatric residencies at other institutions.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Design and Performance Evaluation of Large-Scale VLC-Based Indoor Positioning Systems Under Impact of Receiver Orientation.
- Author
-
Duc H. Mai, Hoang D. Le, Thanh V. Pham, and Anh T. Pham 0002
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Molecular understanding of the suppression of new-particle formation by isoprene
- Author
-
M. Heinritzi, L. Dada, M. Simon, D. Stolzenburg, A. C. Wagner, L. Fischer, L. R. Ahonen, S. Amanatidis, R. Baalbaki, A. Baccarini, P. S. Bauer, B. Baumgartner, F. Bianchi, S. Brilke, D. Chen, R. Chiu, A. Dias, J. Dommen, J. Duplissy, H. Finkenzeller, C. Frege, C. Fuchs, O. Garmash, H. Gordon, M. Granzin, I. El Haddad, X. He, J. Helm, V. Hofbauer, C. R. Hoyle, J. Kangasluoma, T. Keber, C. Kim, A. Kürten, H. Lamkaddam, T. M. Laurila, J. Lampilahti, C. P. Lee, K. Lehtipalo, M. Leiminger, H. Mai, V. Makhmutov, H. E. Manninen, R. Marten, S. Mathot, R. L. Mauldin, B. Mentler, U. Molteni, T. Müller, W. Nie, T. Nieminen, A. Onnela, E. Partoll, M. Passananti, T. Petäjä, J. Pfeifer, V. Pospisilova, L. L. J. Quéléver, M. P. Rissanen, C. Rose, S. Schobesberger, W. Scholz, K. Scholze, M. Sipilä, G. Steiner, Y. Stozhkov, C. Tauber, Y. J. Tham, M. Vazquez-Pufleau, A. Virtanen, A. L. Vogel, R. Volkamer, R. Wagner, M. Wang, L. Weitz, D. Wimmer, M. Xiao, C. Yan, P. Ye, Q. Zha, X. Zhou, A. Amorim, U. Baltensperger, A. Hansel, M. Kulmala, A. Tomé, P. M. Winkler, D. R. Worsnop, N. M. Donahue, J. Kirkby, and J. Curtius
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Nucleation of atmospheric vapours produces more than half of global cloud condensation nuclei and so has an important influence on climate. Recent studies show that monoterpene (C10H16) oxidation yields highly oxygenated products that can nucleate with or without sulfuric acid. Monoterpenes are emitted mainly by trees, frequently together with isoprene (C5H8), which has the highest global emission of all organic vapours. Previous studies have shown that isoprene suppresses new-particle formation from monoterpenes, but the cause of this suppression is under debate. Here, in experiments performed under atmospheric conditions in the CERN CLOUD chamber, we show that isoprene reduces the yield of highly oxygenated dimers with 19 or 20 carbon atoms – which drive particle nucleation and early growth – while increasing the production of dimers with 14 or 15 carbon atoms. The dimers (termed C20 and C15, respectively) are produced by termination reactions between pairs of peroxy radicals (RO2⚫) arising from monoterpenes or isoprene. Compared with pure monoterpene conditions, isoprene reduces nucleation rates at 1.7 nm (depending on the isoprene ∕ monoterpene ratio) and approximately halves particle growth rates between 1.3 and 3.2 nm. However, above 3.2 nm, C15 dimers contribute to secondary organic aerosol, and the growth rates are unaffected by isoprene. We further show that increased hydroxyl radical (OH⚫) reduces particle formation in our chemical system rather than enhances it as previously proposed, since it increases isoprene-derived RO2⚫ radicals that reduce C20 formation. RO2⚫ termination emerges as the critical step that determines the highly oxygenated organic molecule (HOM) distribution and the corresponding nucleation capability. Species that reduce the C20 yield, such as NO, HO2 and as we show isoprene, can thus effectively reduce biogenic nucleation and early growth. Therefore the formation rate of organic aerosol in a particular region of the atmosphere under study will vary according to the precise ambient conditions.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Molecular understanding of new-particle formation from α-pinene between −50 and +25 °C
- Author
-
M. Simon, L. Dada, M. Heinritzi, W. Scholz, D. Stolzenburg, L. Fischer, A. C. Wagner, A. Kürten, B. Rörup, X.-C. He, J. Almeida, R. Baalbaki, A. Baccarini, P. S. Bauer, L. Beck, A. Bergen, F. Bianchi, S. Bräkling, S. Brilke, L. Caudillo, D. Chen, B. Chu, A. Dias, D. C. Draper, J. Duplissy, I. El-Haddad, H. Finkenzeller, C. Frege, L. Gonzalez-Carracedo, H. Gordon, M. Granzin, J. Hakala, V. Hofbauer, C. R. Hoyle, C. Kim, W. Kong, H. Lamkaddam, C. P. Lee, K. Lehtipalo, M. Leiminger, H. Mai, H. E. Manninen, G. Marie, R. Marten, B. Mentler, U. Molteni, L. Nichman, W. Nie, A. Ojdanic, A. Onnela, E. Partoll, T. Petäjä, J. Pfeifer, M. Philippov, L. L. J. Quéléver, A. Ranjithkumar, M. P. Rissanen, S. Schallhart, S. Schobesberger, S. Schuchmann, J. Shen, M. Sipilä, G. Steiner, Y. Stozhkov, C. Tauber, Y. J. Tham, A. R. Tomé, M. Vazquez-Pufleau, A. L. Vogel, R. Wagner, M. Wang, D. S. Wang, Y. Wang, S. K. Weber, Y. Wu, M. Xiao, C. Yan, P. Ye, Q. Ye, M. Zauner-Wieczorek, X. Zhou, U. Baltensperger, J. Dommen, R. C. Flagan, A. Hansel, M. Kulmala, R. Volkamer, P. M. Winkler, D. R. Worsnop, N. M. Donahue, J. Kirkby, and J. Curtius
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) contribute substantially to the formation and growth of atmospheric aerosol particles, which affect air quality, human health and Earth's climate. HOMs are formed by rapid, gas-phase autoxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as α-pinene, the most abundant monoterpene in the atmosphere. Due to their abundance and low volatility, HOMs can play an important role in new-particle formation (NPF) and the early growth of atmospheric aerosols, even without any further assistance of other low-volatility compounds such as sulfuric acid. Both the autoxidation reaction forming HOMs and their NPF rates are expected to be strongly dependent on temperature. However, experimental data on both effects are limited. Dedicated experiments were performed at the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN to address this question. In this study, we show that a decrease in temperature (from +25 to −50 ∘C) results in a reduced HOM yield and reduced oxidation state of the products, whereas the NPF rates (J1.7 nm) increase substantially. Measurements with two different chemical ionization mass spectrometers (using nitrate and protonated water as reagent ion, respectively) provide the molecular composition of the gaseous oxidation products, and a two-dimensional volatility basis set (2D VBS) model provides their volatility distribution. The HOM yield decreases with temperature from 6.2 % at 25 ∘C to 0.7 % at −50 ∘C. However, there is a strong reduction of the saturation vapor pressure of each oxidation state as the temperature is reduced. Overall, the reduction in volatility with temperature leads to an increase in the nucleation rates by up to 3 orders of magnitude at −50 ∘C compared with 25 ∘C. In addition, the enhancement of the nucleation rates by ions decreases with decreasing temperature, since the neutral molecular clusters have increased stability against evaporation. The resulting data quantify how the interplay between the temperature-dependent oxidation pathways and the associated vapor pressures affect biogenic NPF at the molecular level. Our measurements, therefore, improve our understanding of pure biogenic NPF for a wide range of tropospheric temperatures and precursor concentrations.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Non-Laboratory-Based Risk Factors for Automated Heart Disease Detection.
- Author
-
H. Mai, Thuy T. Pham, Diep N. Nguyen, and Eryk Dutkiewicz
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Implementation and Evaluation of VLC-Based Indoor Positioning Systems for Smart Supermarkets.
- Author
-
Duc H. Mai and Anh T. Pham 0002
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Low-volatility compounds contribute significantly to isoprene secondary organic aerosol (SOA) under high-NOx conditions
- Author
-
R. H. Schwantes, S. M. Charan, K. H. Bates, Y. Huang, T. B. Nguyen, H. Mai, W. Kong, R. C. Flagan, and J. H. Seinfeld
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Recent advances in our knowledge of the gas-phase oxidation of isoprene, the impact of chamber walls on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass yields, and aerosol measurement analysis techniques warrant reevaluating SOA yields from isoprene. In particular, SOA from isoprene oxidation under high-NOx conditions forms via two major pathways: (1) low-volatility nitrates and dinitrates (LV pathway) and (2) hydroxymethyl-methyl-α-lactone (HMML) reaction on a surface or the condensed phase of particles to form 2-methyl glyceric acid and its oligomers (2MGA pathway). These SOA production pathways respond differently to reaction conditions. Past chamber experiments generated SOA with varying contributions from these two unique pathways, leading to results that are difficult to interpret. This study examines the SOA yields from these two pathways independently, which improves the interpretation of previous results and provides further understanding of the relevance of chamber SOA yields to the atmosphere and regional or global modeling. Results suggest that low-volatility nitrates and dinitrates produce significantly more aerosol than previously thought; the experimentally measured SOA mass yield from the LV pathway is ∼0.15. Sufficient seed surface area at the start of the reaction is needed to limit the effects of vapor wall losses of low-volatility compounds and accurately measure the complete SOA mass yield. Under dry conditions, substantial amounts of SOA are formed from HMML ring-opening reactions with inorganic ions and HMML organic oligomerization processes. However, the lactone organic oligomerization reactions are suppressed under more atmospherically relevant humidity levels, where hydration of the lactone is more competitive. This limits the SOA formation potential from the 2MGA pathway to HMML ring-opening reactions with water or inorganic ions under typical atmospheric conditions. The isoprene SOA mass yield from the LV pathway measured in this work is significantly higher than previous studies have reported, suggesting that low-volatility compounds such as organic nitrates and dinitrates may contribute to isoprene SOA under high-NOx conditions significantly more than previously thought and thus deserve continued study.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Metabolic Bone Disorders Are Predictors for 2-year Adverse Outcomes in Patients Undergoing 2–3 Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for Cervical Radiculopathy or Myelopathy
- Author
-
Bassel G. Diebo, Matthew Kovoor, Daniel Alsoof, George A. Beyer, Alexander Rompala, Mariah Balmaceno-Criss, David H. Mai, Frank A. Segreto, Neil V. Shah, Renaud Lafage, Peter G. Passias, Roy K. Aaron, Alan H. Daniels, Carl B. Paulino, Frank J. Schwab, and Virginie Lafage
- Subjects
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery ,Neurology (clinical) - Published
- 2023
13. Assessment of Clinical Leadership Training Needs in Senior Pediatric Residents
- Author
-
Daniel H Mai, Heather Newton, Peter R Farrell, Paul Mullan, and Rupa Kapoor
- Subjects
Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Introduction: Although clinical leadership in physicians is associated with improved healthcare, leadership training is rarely integrated into residency training. Our objective was to perform a comprehensive needs assessment of our pediatric residents’ existing leadership experiences and knowledge and to identify training gaps within our program. Methods: First, we held focus groups with senior pediatric residents to understand their clinical leadership experiences and identify training needs. Notes were transcribed and independently coded by 2 researchers, with thematic saturation achieved. Next, we focused each session on 1 leadership content area identified from the aforementioned themes to better understand the specific training needs for each topic. Results: Four major themes were identified: (1) Effective and timely communication with supervisors, learners, ancillary staff, and patients is indispensable in promoting safe patient care, avoiding conflict, and preventing misunderstanding. (2) Training in teaching methods is desired, especially gaining the skills needed to teach various levels of learners, in different settings and under time constraints. (3) Time management, availability of resources, and team logistics were often learned through trial-and-error. (4) Self-care, self-acceptance, emotional regulation, and peer debriefing are relied upon to manage negative emotions; rarely are resilience and wellness strategies employed in “real-time.” Conclusion: Senior residents currently face gaps in clinical leadership training and may benefit from additional instruction in content areas related to these 4 themes. Our next steps are to utilize the identified themes to develop a longitudinal and skills-based clinical leadership curriculum to address the gap in graduate medical education.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Peer-Developed Modules on Basic Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine Principles for Undergraduate Medical Education
- Author
-
Daniel H. Mai, Jonathan S. Taylor-Fishwick, William Sherred-Smith, Anthony Pang, Justin Yaworsky, Sean Whitty, Alex Lafever, Cody Mcilvain, Mark Schmitt, Michelle Rogers-Johnson, April Pace, and Anca D. Dobrian
- Subjects
Evidence-Based Medicine ,Biostatistics ,Peer-Learning ,Self-Directed Learning ,Flipped Classroom ,Problem-Based Learning ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 ,Education - Abstract
Introduction Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is pivotal in shaping patient care, yet it is challenging to incorporate into undergraduate medical education (UME) due to a lack of dedicated resources within the preclinical curriculum. To address this challenge, we used a peer-led approach to explain difficult concepts through language that students can understand at their shared level of understanding. Methods Four second-year medical students trained in EBM over 18 months by facilitating monthly journal clubs, ultimately leading to their involvement as peer-instructors. With input from a faculty expert, peer-instructors designed integrative PowerPoint modules and interactive problem sets on basic biostatistics and EBM principles. Assessment included formative quizzes with multiple attempts to achieve at least 80% to demonstrate mastery of core learning objectives. Afterwards, students were invited to provide feedback using a 5-point Likert scale survey. Results Of second-year students who participated, all 151 demonstrated 80% competency on each quiz. Eighty-seven (58%) students completed the survey on which, 77% agreed/strongly agreed that their level of understanding of EBM improved after the peer-led sessions, 76% agreed/strongly agreed that the sessions were more conducive to learning compared to traditional lectures, and 94% agreed/strongly agreed that the material covered was relevant to the USMLE Step 1. Discussion This peer-led approach has been rated as effective by learners, improving their ability to critically appraise and apply clinical evidence. To promote integration of EBM into UME, we have prepared modules, problem sets, quizzes, and an outline of the problem-solving sessions for universal adoption.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. The role of ions in new particle formation in the CLOUD chamber
- Author
-
R. Wagner, C. Yan, K. Lehtipalo, J. Duplissy, T. Nieminen, J. Kangasluoma, L. R. Ahonen, L. Dada, J. Kontkanen, H. E. Manninen, A. Dias, A. Amorim, P. S. Bauer, A. Bergen, A.-K. Bernhammer, F. Bianchi, S. Brilke, S. B. Mazon, X. Chen, D. C. Draper, L. Fischer, C. Frege, C. Fuchs, O. Garmash, H. Gordon, J. Hakala, L. Heikkinen, M. Heinritzi, V. Hofbauer, C. R. Hoyle, J. Kirkby, A. Kürten, A. N. Kvashnin, T. Laurila, M. J. Lawler, H. Mai, V. Makhmutov, R. L. Mauldin III, U. Molteni, L. Nichman, W. Nie, A. Ojdanic, A. Onnela, F. Piel, L. L. J. Quéléver, M. P. Rissanen, N. Sarnela, S. Schallhart, K. Sengupta, M. Simon, D. Stolzenburg, Y. Stozhkov, J. Tröstl, Y. Viisanen, A. L. Vogel, A. C. Wagner, M. Xiao, P. Ye, U. Baltensperger, J. Curtius, N. M. Donahue, R. C. Flagan, M. Gallagher, A. Hansel, J. N. Smith, A. Tomé, P. M. Winkler, D. Worsnop, M. Ehn, M. Sipilä, V.-M. Kerminen, T. Petäjä, and M. Kulmala
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The formation of secondary particles in the atmosphere accounts for more than half of global cloud condensation nuclei. Experiments at the CERN CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) chamber have underlined the importance of ions for new particle formation, but quantifying their effect in the atmosphere remains challenging. By using a novel instrument setup consisting of two nanoparticle counters, one of them equipped with an ion filter, we were able to further investigate the ion-related mechanisms of new particle formation. In autumn 2015, we carried out experiments at CLOUD on four systems of different chemical compositions involving monoterpenes, sulfuric acid, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia. We measured the influence of ions on the nucleation rates under precisely controlled and atmospherically relevant conditions. Our results indicate that ions enhance the nucleation process when the charge is necessary to stabilize newly formed clusters, i.e., in conditions in which neutral clusters are unstable. For charged clusters that were formed by ion-induced nucleation, we were able to measure, for the first time, their progressive neutralization due to recombination with oppositely charged ions. A large fraction of the clusters carried a charge at 1.5 nm diameter. However, depending on particle growth rates and ion concentrations, charged clusters were largely neutralized by ion–ion recombination before they grew to 2.5 nm. At this size, more than 90 % of particles were neutral. In other words, particles may originate from ion-induced nucleation, although they are neutral upon detection at diameters larger than 2.5 nm. Observations at Hyytiälä, Finland, showed lower ion concentrations and a lower contribution of ion-induced nucleation than measured at CLOUD under similar conditions. Although this can be partly explained by the observation that ion-induced fractions decrease towards lower ion concentrations, further investigations are needed to resolve the origin of the discrepancy.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Relationship Between Anifrolumab Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Efficacy in Patients With Moderate to Severe Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Author
-
Yen Lin, Chia, Raj, Tummala, Tu H, Mai, Tomas, Rouse, Katie, Streicher, Wendy I, White, Eric F, Morand, and Richard A, Furie
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,Treatment Outcome ,Humans ,Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ,Severity of Illness Index - Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic and pharmacodynamic/efficacy relationships of anifrolumab, a type I interferon receptor antibody, in patients with moderate to severe systemic lupus erythematosus. Data were pooled from the randomized, 52-week, placebo-controlled TULIP-1 and TULIP-2 trials of intravenous anifrolumab (150 mg/300 mg, every 4 weeks for 48 weeks). Pharmacodynamic neutralization was measured with a 21-gene type I interferon gene signature (21-IFNGS) in patients with high IFNGS. The pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship was analyzed graphically and modeled with a nonlinear mixed-effects model. British Isles Lupus Assessment Group-based Composite Lupus Assessment (BICLA) response rates were compared across 21-IFNGS neutralization quartiles. Overall, 819 patients received ≥1 dose of anifrolumab or placebo, of whom 676 were IFNGS high. Over 52 weeks, higher average anifrolumab serum concentrations were associated with increased median 21-IFNGS neutralization, which was rapid and sustained with anifrolumab 300 mg (80%, weeks 12-52), lower and delayed with anifrolumab 150 mg (50%, week 52), and minimal with placebo. The proportion of patients with week 24 anifrolumab trough concentration exceeding the IC
- Published
- 2022
17. The Impact of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Case of Listed Firms in Processing and Manufacturing Industry in Vietnam
- Author
-
Linh. H. Do, Khai. T. Luong, Anh. N. H. Mai, Linh. A. Dam, Ha. T. L. Pham, and Nga. T. Nguyen
- Abstract
The authors aim to examine the impact of capital structure on the performance of manufacturing and processing companies listed on the stock exchange in Vietnam during the period of 2015 - 2020. Through the FGLS model, the study found that the ratio of short-term debt to total assets (STDA) and the ratio of long-term debt to total assets (LTDA) have a negative impact on the performance expressed through ROA. In contrast, in terms of Tobin's Q, STDA has no significant relationship with firm performance but it is negatively impacted by LTDA. The two control variables GROWTH and SIZE both have a positive impact on ROA and Tobin's Q. Based on findings, some recommendations for manufacturing and processing companies to enhance their profitability in the future.
- Published
- 2022
18. Study on the application of the Internet + nursing service in family rehabilitation of common bone and joint diseases in the elderly
- Author
-
W, Yan, L, Liu, W-Z, Huang, Z-J, Wang, S-B, Yu, G-H, Mai, M-M, Meng, and S-Y, Cui
- Subjects
Internet ,Nursing Services ,Quality of Life ,Humans ,Patient Compliance ,Joint Diseases ,Patient Discharge ,Aged - Abstract
To explore the feasibility of the Internet + nursing service mode in family rehabilitation of elderly patients with osteoarthritic diseases.The control group (n=50) received routine rehabilitation treatment procedures and discharge guidance. For the observation group (n=50), extended nursing rehabilitation service was conducted through the Internet + nursing service platform based on the routine treatment in the control group.(1) The compliance with follow-up of the patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group; (2) The total satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group; (3) The VAS (1 month: 4.36±1.15 vs. 5.86±1.61, p0.05; 3 months 4.36±1.15 vs. 5.86±1.61, p0.05), SAS (1 month: 37.21±14.16 vs. 49.31±13.45, p0.05; 3 months 26.73±8.25 vs. 40.33±9.50, p0.05), SDS (1 month: 32.36±10.15 vs. 46.32±12.61, p0.05; 3 months 27.11±8.08 vs. 40.62±11.40, p0.05) and PSQI (1 month: 13.64 ± 1.13 vs. 16.31 ± 3.45, p0.05; 3 months 11.54 ± 1.87 vs. 15.74 ± 1.36, p0.05) scores in the observational group were significantly lower than that in control group at one month and three months after discharge. The ADL (1 month: 86.86 ± 4.13 vs. 74.33 ± 3.44, p0.05; 3 months 90.34 ± 7.87 vs. 78.52 ± 6.36, p0.05) scores in the observational group were significantly higher than that in control group at one month and three months after discharge.The extended rehabilitation nursing management for family rehabilitation of elderly patients with osteoarthritic diseases through the Internet + nursing service is a family rehabilitation model suitable for elderly patients with osteoarthritic diseases in China and has positive significance in developing a diversified medical nursing model.
- Published
- 2022
19. Assessment of climate change impact on water availability in the upper Dong Nai River Basin, Vietnam
- Author
-
Dao Nguyen Khoi, Van Thinh Nguyen, N. D. Vuong, N. T. H. Mai, H. V. Cuong, and T. T. Sam
- Subjects
Atmospheric Science ,Global and Planetary Change ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Drainage basin ,swat ,Climate change ,water availability ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,weap ,Environmental sciences ,climate change ,water shortage ,Environmental science ,GE1-350 ,Water resource management ,TD1-1066 ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
On a global scale, climate change is projected to have detrimental impacts on water availability. This situation will become more severe owing to accumulated impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities. This study aims to investigate climate change impact on water availability in the upper Dong Nai River Basin using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) models. Future rainfall scenarios were downscaled from five different general circulation models under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 using the Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) tool. Under the climate change impact, annual river discharge in the study region is generally projected to have upward trends in the future, except for the near-future period of the 2030s under RCP4.5. In addition, dry-seasonal river discharge is expected to be increased in the future. Considering the baseline condition of water use, there was an annual water shortage of approximately 32.9 × 103 m3, which mostly occurred in the dry season from January to March. Climate change may reduce the water shortage in the study region ranging from 7.0 to 30.1% in the future. Under the combined impacts of climate change and increasing water demand, the water shortage will vary from −18.6 to 6.0% in the future. The results can provide valuable insights to implement appropriate future water resources planning and management in the study region. HIGHLIGHTS Lack of knowledge about climate change impacts on water availability in the study region.; Water shortage caused by aggregated impacts of future climate change and increase in water demand.; Provide valuable insights to implement appropriate future water resources planning and management.
- Published
- 2021
20. Novel Adociaquinone Derivatives from the Indonesian Sponge Xestospongia sp.
- Author
-
Fei He, Linh H. Mai, Arlette Longeon, Brent R. Copp, Nadège Loaëc, Amandine Bescond, Laurent Meijer, and Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Subjects
kinase inhibitor ,adociaquinone ,xestoadociaquinone ,14-carboxy-xestoquinol sulfate ,xestoadociaminal ,Xestospongia sp. ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Seven new adociaquinone derivatives, xestoadociaquinones A (1a), B (1b), 14-carboxy-xestoquinol sulfate (2) and xestoadociaminals A–D (3a, 3c, 4a, 4c), together with seven known compounds (5–11) were isolated from an Indonesian marine sponge Xestospongia sp. Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectrometric data. All the compounds were evaluated for their potential inhibitory activity against eight different protein kinases involved in cell proliferation, cancer, diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders as well as for their antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Impact of Admission Source on Shoulder Arthroplasty
- Author
-
Andrew J, Clair, David H, Mai, Siddharth A, Mahure, Joseph D, Zuckerman, and Mandeep S, Virk
- Subjects
Postoperative Complications ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder ,Elective Surgical Procedures ,Odds Ratio ,Humans ,Length of Stay ,Arthroplasty ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between admission source and postoperative length of stay (LOS), index admission hospital charges, and discharge disposition, in patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty.The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) was used to identify all patients that underwent elective shoulder arthroplasty from 1994 through 2015. Patients were grouped into institutionalized (INS) versus non-institutionalized (n-INS) groups based on admission source. The two groups were compared regarding demographics, Charleston comorbidity index (CCI), postoperative blood transfusion requirement, LOS, and total charges.A total of 33,248 patients were identified (32,875 n-INS, 373 INS). Patientsin the INS cohort were significantly older (71.9 versus 68.1 years) and had a higher CCI (1.3 vs. 0.7). The mean LOS in the INS group was nearly 1 week longer(9.5 days vs. 2.8 days) and had a significantly higher postoperative blood transfusion rate (37.5% vs. 9.2%, odds ratio: 5.9). The mean total hospital charges in the INS group were also significantly higher ($63,988 vs. $36,826).Institutionalized patients undergoing shoulder arthroplasty have a protracted postoperative hospital course and this ultimately resulted in poorer outcomes and increased resource utilization.
- Published
- 2022
22. Fatal nocardiosis infection in a pediatric patient with an immunodeficiency after heart<scp>re‐transplantation</scp>
- Author
-
Daniel H. Mai, Jennifer Sedler, Kenneth Weinberg, Daniel Bernstein, Alan Schroeder, Roshni Mathew, Sharon Chen, Donna Lee, John C. Dykes, and Seth A. Hollander
- Subjects
Transplantation ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health - Published
- 2022
23. [Detection rate and clinical significance of regions of homozygosity in prenatal genetic diagnosis]
- Author
-
L F, Zhu, H M, Zhang, L H, Mai, X F, Sun, and W Q, Liu
- Subjects
Fetus ,Pregnancy ,Prenatal Diagnosis ,Abnormal Karyotype ,Humans ,Female ,Prenatal Care ,Retrospective Studies - Published
- 2022
24. The outcomes of total hip arthroplasty in patients with and without multiple sclerosis: a retrospective cohort study
- Author
-
David H Mai, Michael E Blackowicz, Ilya Kister, and Ran Schwarzkopf
- Subjects
Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Surgery - Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disease with debilitating manifestations that may predispose patients to hip fracture and osteoarthritis, and may affect recovery from total hip arthroplasty (THA). With increased longevity of MS patients and growth in demand for arthroplasty in this population, it is important to understand outcomes of THA in patients with MS. Aim: We sought to compare outcomes of THA among persons with MS and without MS. Methods: International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision Procedure Coding System (ICD-9-PCS) codes for hip arthroplasty (815.1) were used to identify all patients in the New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database who underwent THA between 2000 and 2014. Patients with MS, the primary exposure, were identified using ICD-9-Clinical Modification (CM) code 340. The study outcomes of length of stay (days), discharge disposition, index admission mortality, 90-day readmission, 1-year revision arthroplasty, and 1-year all-cause mortality were evaluated using multivariable regression analyses inclusive of basic demographics, admission source, disposition, payer, comorbidity, and socioeconomic status (SES). Results: Compared to patients without MS, those with MS had marginally longer lengths of stay (mean ratio [MR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.10; p = 0.0142), higher risk for institutional discharge disposition (odds ratio [OR] 2.03; 95% CI, 1.54–2.70; p Conclusions: Although patients with MS who underwent THA had a 90-day complication risk that was similar to those without MS, the risk for requiring revision surgery was more than 2-fold higher. Additional studies are needed to understand the reasons for revision surgery and for developing strategies to mitigate the risk of complications.
- Published
- 2022
25. Understanding Computer Forensics Requirements in China Via The 'Panda Burning Incense' Virus Case
- Author
-
K P Chow, Frank Law, and Y H Mai
- Subjects
Criminal law and procedure ,K5000-5582 - Abstract
In March 2012, Mainland China has amended its Criminal Procedure Law, which includes the introduction of a new type of evidence, i.e., digital evidence, to the court of law. To better understand the development of computer forensics and digital evidence in Mainland China, this paper discusses the Chinese legal system in relation to digital investigation and how the current legal requirements affect the existing legal and technical usage of digital evidence at legal proceedings. Through studying the famous “Panda Burning Incense (Worm.WhBoy.cw)” virus case that happened in 2007, this paper aims to provide a better understanding of how to properly conduct computer forensics examination and present digital evidence at court of law in Mainland China.
- Published
- 2014
26. Structure and Functional Characterization of a Humanized Anti-CCL20 Antibody following Exposure to Serum Reveals the Formation of Immune Complex That Leads to Toxicity
- Author
-
Stephen H. Trulli, J. David Taylor, Shugui Chen, Michael Herdman, Charles S Hottenstein, Michael Byrne, Joseph Minetti, John R. White, Andrew S. Thomson, Gerben Bouma, and Shing H. Mai
- Subjects
T cell ,Immunology ,chemical and pharmacologic phenomena ,Inflammation ,Antigen-Antibody Complex ,Pharmacology ,Immune complex formation ,Autoimmune Diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Cytotoxicity ,Chemokine CCL20 ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cell Membrane ,Antibodies, Monoclonal ,hemic and immune systems ,Complement System Proteins ,Immune complex ,Complement system ,CCL20 ,Macaca fascicularis ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunoglobulin G ,biology.protein ,Th17 Cells ,medicine.symptom ,Antibody ,030215 immunology - Abstract
mAbs have revolutionized the treatment of autoimmune disorders. Even though mAbs have shown impressive efficacy in blocking T cell or B cell activation and/or recruitment to sites of inflammation, this group of biologicals are not devoid of adverse effects. The most serious adverse effects include infusion reactions, including the activation of the complement pathway. In this study, we present a detailed structure–function study of an anti-CCL20 humanized IgG1 mAb that neutralizes CCL20 chemokine and prevents the recruitment of Th17 cells to sites of inflammation. We demonstrate that the anti-CCL20 Ab changes significantly following administration to humans and monkeys and exposure to human serum. Analysis of the drug product revealed that the anti-CCL20 Ab has unexpectedly high C1q binding. This high binding was linked to immune complex formation in vivo but not during in vitro serum incubation. The immune complex contained multiple complement components. Anti-CCL20 Ab-mediated, complement-dependent cytotoxicity occurred when the Ab bound to CCL20 tethered to the cell membrane of target cells. Taken together, these results provide a likely cause for the animal toxicity observed. In addition, anti-CCL20 revealed progressive acidification because of N100 (located in CDR) deamidation over time, which did not directly impact Ag binding. Our study demonstrates that the safety profiling of mAbs should include the evaluation of effector functions in addition to typical stressed conditions.
- Published
- 2021
27. A Collection of Bioactive Nitrogen-Containing Molecules from the Marine Sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens
- Author
-
Germana Esposito, Linh H. Mai, Arlette Longeon, Alfonso Mangoni, Emilie Durieu, Laurent Meijer, Rob Van Soest, Valeria Costantino, and Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki
- Subjects
Acanthostrongylophora ingens ,marine sponge ,halicyclamine derivative ,diketopiperazine ,alkaloid ,bipiperidine scaffold ,kinase inhibitor ,antimicrobial activity ,inhibitor of amyloid β-42 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Thirteen nitrogen-containing molecules (1a/1b and 2−12) were isolated from the Indonesian sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens, highlighting the richness of this organism as a source of alkaloids. Their structures were elucidated using one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS, while the stereochemistry of the diketopiperazines was established using Marfey’s method. All compounds were screened in our standard bioactivity assays, including antibacterial, antikinases, and amyloid β-42 assays. The most interesting bioactivity result was obtained with the known acanthocyclamine A (3), which revealed for the first time a specific Escherichia coli antimicrobial activity and an inhibitory effect on amyloid β-42 production induced by aftin-5 and no cytotoxicity at the dose of 26 µM. These results highlight the potentiality of a bipiperidine scaffold as a promising skeleton for preventing or reducing the production of amyloid β-42, a key player in the initiation of Alzheimer’s disease.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Extraction of anthraquinone and salicylic acid from Aloe barbadensis miller
- Author
-
T M V Luong, T P T Nguyen, L N T Nguyen, T T T Tran, N T P Nguyen, and C H Mai
- Subjects
General Medicine ,General Chemistry - Abstract
The objective of the research was to identify suitable parameters for extraction of anthraquinone, and salicylic acid from Aloe (Aloe barbadensis Miller). The parameters were evaluated including ethanol concentration (99.5, 80.0, 50.0%), material/solvent ratio (50 g/50 mL, 50 g/100 mL, 50 g/150 mL, 50 g/200 mL), stirring speed (100, 200, 300, 400 rpm), temperature (40, 45, 50, 55°C), extraction time (10, 20, 30, 40 minutes). Optimum conditions for anthraquinone and salicylic acid extraction on a laboratory scale were the ratio of 1/2 (g/mL), 50°C, 20 minutes and 300 rpm for the ratio of material/solvent, extraction temperature, extraction time, stirring speed, respectively using ethanol 99.5% as solvent extraction. The maximum anthraquinone and salicylic acid content are 0.31 mg/mL and 2.03 mg/mL, respectively.
- Published
- 2023
29. Collaborative Public Management (CPM)
- Author
-
Tâm T. H. Mai
- Subjects
Knowledge management ,business.industry ,Public management ,Political science ,business - Published
- 2022
30. The Impact of Capital Structure on Firm Performance: Case of Listed Firms in Processing and Manufacturing Industry in Vietnam
- Author
-
Do, Linh. H., primary, T. Luong, Khai., additional, N. H. Mai, Anh., additional, A. Dam, Linh., additional, Pham, Ha. T. L., additional, and T. Nguyen, Nga., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Last meals inferred from the possible gut contents of a mummy: A case study from Astana Cemetery, Xinjiang, China*
- Author
-
B. Wang, Hualiang Jiang, H. Mai, and Tao Chen
- Subjects
Archeology ,History ,Geography ,Paleoethnobotany ,China ,Archaeology - Published
- 2020
32. Does a Traumatic Etiology of Hip Pain Influence Hip Arthroscopy Outcomes?
- Author
-
John P. Begly, Kristofer E. Chenard, Michael K. Ryan, Thomas Youm, and David H Mai
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Arthroscopy ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Activities of Daily Living ,Femoracetabular Impingement ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Hip pain ,Patient Reported Outcome Measures ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Hip surgery ,030222 orthopedics ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,030229 sport sciences ,Middle Aged ,Arthralgia ,Arthroplasty ,Single surgeon ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Etiology ,Female ,Hip Joint ,Hip arthroscopy ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
To determine whether patients who reported a discrete traumatic event precipitating the onset of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) reported similar patient-reported outcomes for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) and the Non-Arthritic Hip Score (NAHS) following hip arthroscopy as patients with atraumatic hip pain associated with FAIS alone.A retrospective comparative therapeutic investigation of a prospectively collected database of cases performed by a single surgeon from 2010 to 2015 identified a group of patients who developed FAIS after a discrete traumatic event. This group was compared 1:2 with a body mass index and age-matched group of primary hip arthroscopies with atraumatic hip pain attributed to FAIS. Preoperative mHHS and NAHS were obtained and compared with those at 2-year follow-up. Clinical failure at 2 years was defined as any further ipsilateral hip surgery including revision arthroscopy and conversion to arthroplasty.In the traumatic etiology group, the mean mHHS and NAHS improved from 49.6 to 82.7 (P.001) and from 46.9 to 84.0 (P.001), respectively. The mean mHHS and NAHS in the atraumatic group improved from 51.5 to 85.82 (P.001) and from 49.3 to 85.2 (P.001), respectively. Survivorship at 2 years was 81.1% for traumatic etiology and 88.3% for atraumatic etiology; adjusted proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated a difference in survivorship that was not statistically significant between the traumatic and atraumatic cohorts (hazard ratio 1.8, 95% confidence interval 0.8-4.0).The findings of this study demonstrate that patients presenting with FAIS and history of a traumatic hip injury can expect to experience similar good outcomes at 2 years following primary hip arthroscopy as compared with patients with atraumatic FAIS.Level III (Therapeutic) retrospective comparative study.
- Published
- 2020
33. Design and Performance Evaluation of Large-Scale VLC-Based Indoor Positioning Systems Under Impact of Receiver Orientation
- Author
-
Anh T. Pham, Hoang D. Le, Thanh V. Pham, and Duc H. Mai
- Subjects
General Computer Science ,Computer science ,Orientation (computer vision) ,receiver orientation ,Frame (networking) ,General Engineering ,Visible light communication ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Indoor positioning system (IPS) ,020210 optoelectronics & photonics ,optical orthogonal codes (OOCs) ,Binary Golay code ,PHY ,received signal strength (RSS) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,General Materials Science ,Link layer ,lcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,Error detection and correction ,triangulation method ,Algorithm ,lcsh:TK1-9971 ,visible light communications (VLC) - Abstract
This paper proposes a complete design, including solutions for both physical (PHY) and link layer, and evaluates the performance of large-scale indoor positioning systems (IPSs) based on visible light communications (VLC). The triangulation method based on received signal strength (RSS) technique is employed for user localization. For the sake of signal separation at the receiver, each LED’s position is encoded with a unique location identification (ID) using optical orthogonal codes (OOCs). A code re-use strategy is proposed to efficiently utilize the code resource. A novel enhancement method is also proposed to improve the system performance in terms of localization accuracy taking into account the impact of receiver orientation. Simulation results show that the maximum location error increases twice under the impact of receiver orientation when the polar angle is equal to $\theta = \pi /6$ . The effectiveness of the proposed localization enhancement method in reducing the average location error is also numerically confirmed. For the link layer design, a frame design with a 12-bit ID encoded by the Golay code for error correction is proposed. A simple proof-of-concept is implemented and experiments are conducted to analyze the overall system performance in terms of operation range and ID detectability.
- Published
- 2020
34. Two planar polishing methods by using FIB technique: Toward ultimate top-down delayering for failure analysis
- Author
-
D. D. Wang, Y. M. Huang, P. K. Tan, H. Feng, G. R. Low, H. H. Yap, R. He, H. Tan, M. K. Dawood, Y. Z. Zhao, J. Lam, and Z. H. Mai
- Subjects
Physics ,QC1-999 - Abstract
Presently two major limiting factors are hindering the failure analysis (FA) development during the semiconductor manufacturing process and technology improvement: (1) Impossibility of manual polishing on the edge dies due to the amenability of layer peeling off; (2) Abundant demand of multi-locations FA, especially focusing different levels of layers simultaneously. Aiming at resolving these limitations, here we demonstrate two unique high precision polishing methods by using focused ion beam (FIB) technique. One is the vertical top down chemical etching at the aimed location; the other one is the planar top down slicing. Using the FIB for delayering not only solves these problems mentioned above, but also offers significant advantages over physical planar polishing methods such as: (1) having a better control of the delayering progress, (2) enabling precisely milling at a region of interest, (3) providing the prevention of over-delayering and (4) possessing capability to capture images at the region of interest simultaneously and cut into the die directly to expose the exact failure without damaging other sections of the specimen.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Implementation of a Clinical Leadership Curriculum for Pediatric Residents
- Author
-
Daniel H. Mai, Heather Newton, Peter R. Farrell, Paul Mullan, and Rupa Kapoor
- Abstract
Introduction Clinical leadership is an essential skill for physicians, empowering them to lead and coordinate teams, communicate clearly under various conditions, model positive behaviors, display emotional intelligence, and ultimately improve patient care outcomes. However, there are currently no standardized residency curricula or competency-based assessments for clinical leadership, as residents often assimilate leadership skills through trial-and-error or observation of their clinical faculty. By utilizing a comprehensive needs assessment and synthesizing evidence-based practices, we developed and implemented a longitudinal and skills-based clinical leadership curriculum for pediatric residents. Methods We modeled our clinical leadership curriculum after Kern's 6-step approach to curricular development and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education competency requirements for professionalism. We identified topics based on a resident needs assessment and synthesized evidence from published practices. The curriculum was implemented through both monthly facilitated group sessions and independent learning modules. Results 44 postgraduate year-2 (PGY-2) and PGY-3 pediatric residents participated in at least one monthly session of the clinical leadership curriculum. 27 (61%) completed the survey to evaluate the efficacy of the curriculum. Of the respondents, 23 (85%) residents found the leadership sessions useful, 4 (15%) were neutral, and none (0%) rated the sessions as not useful. 26 (96%) residents reported that the sessions should be continued. Conclusion The clinical leadership curriculum has been received favorably by senior pediatric residents at our institution. Our next steps are to pilot the curriculum within residency programs of different specialties at our own institution as well as with pediatric residencies at other institutions.
- Published
- 2021
36. P–249 Does the re-expansion of thawed embryos affect the clinical outcomes of human blastocyst vitrification?
- Author
-
N Doã. Thảo, T Huong, C A Mạnh, L H Mai, and A Ph. Th. Tú
- Subjects
Andrology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Reproductive Medicine ,Re expansion ,embryonic structures ,Rehabilitation ,medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Vitrification ,Embryo ,Blastocyst ,Biology ,Affect (psychology) - Abstract
Study question Is that essential for prolonged culture of thawed blastocysts in order to be fully re-expanded before transferring? Summary answer Ongoing pregnancy rates decreased in blastocysts that not fully re-expanded after thawing. What is known already: The thaw survival of blastocysts is examined based on morphology of inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm (TE). However, thawed blastocysts experience multiple changes in morphology and might be collapse after thawing due to the presence of blastocoel cavity. It is then difficult to evaluate blastocyst quality. Therefore, the blastocyst re-expansion is considered as a criteria to assess quickly the competent embryos. It also reflects the status energy metabolism from high quality embryo. After all, there are still some controversial opinions about the influence of re-expansion status after thawing. Study design, size, duration This was a retrospective study based on data collected between October 2019 and December 2020. A total 528 thawed blastocysts which were divided into two groups according to the post-thaw reexpansion status: fully re-expanded blastocysts (n = 416), partial or no re-expanded blastocysts (n = 112). The re-expansion status of blastocyst was assess prior to loading on the catheter by senior embryologists. Participants/materials, setting, methods Primary outcome is ongoing pregnancy. Only frozen single D5 transfer cycles were included. We excluded the frozen sperm/oocytes/embryos donation cycles, missing data, non-intact embryos after thawing. Statistical analyses were performed with T or chi-squared tests. Multivariable regression analysis was performed adjusting for the following confounding factors: age, BMI, embryo quality, re-expansion status, biopsied blastocyst. Main results and the role of chance Female age, BMI, number of previous cycles, endometrial thickness, positive HCG results, clinical pregnancy rate were comparable among patients within two groups. The rate of ongoing pregnancy rate in group 1 was significant higher compared with group 2 (51 vs 40.2, p Limitations, reasons for caution The main limitation of the study is its retrospective design. Wider implications of the findings: Clinical outcomes are comparable between re-expanded blastocyst and partial or no re-expanded blastocysts, although ongoing pregnancy can be improved when embryos are fully expanded. As expected, blastocysts quality has the most important impact on ongoing pregnancy rate. Trial registration number Not applicable
- Published
- 2021
37. Is the incidence of paediatric stress fractures on the rise? Trends in New York State from 2000 to 2015
- Author
-
Mara Karamitopoulos, Austin J. Ramme, Neeraj M. Patel, David H. Mai, Alice Chu, and Pablo Castaneda
- Subjects
Male ,Multivariate statistics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Databases, Factual ,Fractures, Stress ,New York ,Annual incidence ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Child ,030222 orthopedics ,Stress fractures ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Mean age ,medicine.disease ,Outpatient visits ,Athletic Injuries ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Cohort ,Female ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Demography - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in the epidemiology of paediatric stress fractures. The New York Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database was queried for stress fractures in children between the ages of 6 and 18 years. After checking for monotonicity of the data, Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated. Multivariate regressions were used to test for associations between demographic variables and risk of stress fracture. Analysis of 11 475 386 outpatient visits between 2000 and 2015 showed that the annual incidence of paediatric stress fractures increased from 1.37 cases per 100 000 outpatient visits in 2006 to 5.32 per 100 000 visits in 2015 (ρ = 0.876, P < 0.01). The mean age at the time of injury was 14.4 ± 2.8 years. Children younger than 14 years accounted for 33.6% of the cohort. Age, male sex, white ethnicity, and private insurance were statistically significant predictors of stress fractures in a multivariate model. This study is the first to document an increase in the annual incidence of paediatric stress fractures.
- Published
- 2019
38. Effects of inter-organism interactions in biofouling on microtopographic surfaces
- Author
-
Ly Le, Anthony B. Brennan, Ha T. H. Mai, and Trinh Xuan Hoang
- Subjects
Spores ,0301 basic medicine ,Fouling ,Biofouling ,Surface Properties ,030106 microbiology ,Aquatic Science ,Models, Biological ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Extended model ,Chemical physics ,Excluded volume ,Environmental science ,Computer Simulation ,Monte Carlo Method ,Organism ,Water Science and Technology - Abstract
An extended model of the surface energetic attachment (SEA) model is introduced to study the fouling of marine organisms on microtopographic surfaces, taking into account the excluded volume interaction and the attraction between the organisms. It is shown that the excluded volume interaction leads to changes in the site-typed attachment probabilities which increase with the average spore density on the surface. As a result of these changes, the spore density map is flattened under very high density fouling. The attractive interaction on the other hand leads to aggregation of spores and the average aggregate size increased with the strength of attraction. The model can be mapped to a specific experiment to determine the attachment energy parameters. In contrast to various prior empirical approaches, the extended SEA model is rigorous from the statistical mechanics viewpoint, thus it provides a reliable tool for studying complex attachment behaviors of microorganisms on topographic surfaces.
- Published
- 2019
39. Alterations in the biochemical parameters and the spermatic function generated by obesity in rats
- Author
-
H Bekhedda, Z Morsli, Sofiane Bouazza, A H Mai, M R Bahri, B Sebti, Abbassia Demmouche, K Demmouche, M Zouba, Z. C. Khalloua, D Ferrag, Zahira Abbes, and Noreddine Menadi
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Triglyceride ,business.industry ,Lumen (anatomy) ,Hyperplasia ,medicine.disease ,Sertoli cell ,Sperm ,Muscle hypertrophy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Seminal vesicle ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,business ,Spermatogenesis - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of a hyperlipidic diet set before puberty in male Wistar rats’ gonadal weights and testicular func-tions. Males rats were used for the study, they were randomly distributed into 2 groups: Control Group (CG: standard diet (normolipidemic) and the second: Intervention Group (IG: hyperlipidemic diet), after 7 days of experi-mentation, 3 rats were sacrificed per week, blood samples were collected and level of HDL, LDL and triglyceride were analyzed. A significant reduction (p
- Published
- 2019
40. The negative and detrimental effects of high fructose on the liver, with special reference to metabolic disorders
- Author
-
Liang-Jun Yan and Brandon H. Mai
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Sucrose ,food.ingredient ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Insulin resistance ,food ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Pharmacology ,business.industry ,Fatty liver ,Fructose ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Corn syrup ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Lipogenesis ,Steatohepatitis ,Metabolic syndrome ,business - Abstract
The increased consumption of fructose in the average diet through sweeteners such as high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) and sucrose has resulted in negative outcomes in society through producing a considerable economic and medical burden on our healthcare system. Ingestion of fructose chronically has contributed to multiple health consequences, such as insulin resistance, obesity, liver disorders, and diabetes. Fructose metabolism starts with fructose phosphorylation by fructose kinase in the liver, and this process is not feedback regulated. Therefore, ingestion of high fructose can deplete ATP, increase uric acid production, and increase nucleotide turnover. This review focuses the discussion on the hepatic manifestations of high fructose-implicated liver metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance, obesity due to enhanced lipogenesis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and type 2 diabetes. The detrimental effects of high fructose on the liver, contributed potentially by microbiome and leptin, were also discussed. The authors believe that, together with diet management, further studies focusing on disrupting or blocking fructose metabolism in the liver may help with designing novel strategies for prevention and treatment of fructose-induced chronic liver metabolic diseases.
- Published
- 2019
41. Preoperative bisphosphonate treatment may adversely affect the outcome after shoulder arthroplasty
- Author
-
M E Doany, Cheongeun Oh, Mandeep S. Virk, Young W. Kwon, Andrew S. Rokito, David H Mai, and Joseph D. Zuckerman
- Subjects
Male ,Reoperation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Affect (psychology) ,Outcome (game theory) ,Risk Factors ,Preoperative Care ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Device Removal ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Diphosphonates ,Shoulder Joint ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,Arthroplasty ,Prosthesis Failure ,Surgery ,Bone Diseases, Metabolic ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder ,Female ,Bone Remodeling ,business ,Bisphosphonate treatment - Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of preoperative bisphosphonate treatment on the intra- and postoperative outcomes of arthroplasty of the shoulder. The hypothesis was that previous bisphosphonate treatment would adversely affect both intra- and postoperative outcomes. Patients and Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving patients undergoing arthroplasty of the shoulder, at a single institution. Two patients with no previous bisphosphonate treatment were matched to each patient who had received this treatment preoperatively by gender, age, race, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), and type of arthroplasty. Previous bisphosphonate treatment was defined as treatment occurring during the three-year period before the arthroplasty. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of intraoperative complications and those occurring at one and two years postoperatively. A total of 87 patients were included: 29 in the bisphosphonates-exposed (BP+) group and 58 in the non-exposed (BP-) group. In the BP+ group, there were 26 female and three male patients, with a mean age of 71.4 years (51 to 87). In the BP- group, there were 52 female and six male patients, with a mean age of 72.1 years (53 to 88). Results Previous treatment with bisphosphonates was positively associated with intraoperative complications (fracture; odds ratio (OR) 39.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.42 to 6305.70) and one-year postoperative complications (OR 7.83, 95% CI 1.11 to 128.82), but did not achieve statistical significance for complications two years postoperatively (OR 3.45, 95% CI 0.65 to 25.28). The power was 63% for complications at one year. Conclusion Patients who are treated with bisphosphonates during the three-year period before shoulder arthroplasty have a greater risk of intraoperative and one-year postoperative complications compared with those without this previous treatment.
- Published
- 2019
42. Association of modifiable factors with financial burden and health literacy among patients with cancer
- Author
-
Betina Yanez, John Peipert, Sofia F. Garcia, Quan H. Mai, Nicola Lancki, Diana Buitrago, Chloe J. Taub, Roxanne E. Jensen, Justin Dean Smith, Frank J. Penedo, David Cella, and Sheetal Mehta Kircher
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Oncology - Abstract
6573 Background: Cancer patients are at a higher risk of financial burden compared to those with other chronic illnesses and those without cancer. Additionally, cancer patients with low health literacy are at risk for poor health outcomes and poor self-management. Aside from factors such as education and insurance, there is limited information on the role of modifiable factors in predicting financial burden and health literacy. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with financial burden and health literacy among cancer patients. Methods: Participants were 2,260 adult, English- or Spanish-speaking patients who were recruited from an NCI-designated cancer center in the Chicagoland area as part of a trial on symptom management. Participants completed measures on depressive symptoms and anxiety using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). Financial burden was assessed using a Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST FACIT) item (FT12) and health literacy was assessed by the Single Item Literacy Screener (SILS). Additional information on insurance and cancer diagnosis were extracted from medical records. The area deprivation index (ADI) was calculated using national percentile rankings for the patient’s block group. All patient-reported outcomes were assessed at study baseline. Cross-sectional logistic regression models were fit with the FT12 item [dichotomized as high (somewhat/quite a bit/very much) vs. low (not at all/a little bit) financial burden] and SILS [dichotomized as high (quite a bit/extremely) vs. low (not at all/a little bit/somewhat) health literacy] as separate outcomes. The primary covariates of interest were anxiety and depressive symptoms T-scores (dichotomized reflect normal limits vs. elevated distress). Analyses were adjusted for socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: After adjusting for covariates, significant associations of greater financial burden were PROMIS depression [odds ratio (OR): 1.63 (95% CI: 1.22-2.19)] and PROMIS anxiety (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.22-2.10). In addition, higher ADI score, lower education, unemployment, and low health literacy were significantly associated with greater financial burden. PROMIS depression (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.38-3.40) was associated with low heath literacy, along with disability/leave of absence, Medicare/Medicaid/uninsured and lower education. Conclusions: Modifiable factors are associated with financial burden and health literacy. These results support the systematic screening for financial burden and health literacy in addition emotional well-being. Interventions targeting the modifiable factors elucidated in this study may further efforts to provide quality and equitable comprehensive cancer care. Future work should evaluate the potential causal pathways between depression, health literacy, and financial burden.
- Published
- 2022
43. Multilevel glenoid morphology and retroversion assessment in Walch B2 and B3 types
- Author
-
Joseph D. Zuckerman, David H Mai, Mandeep S. Virk, Soterios Gyftopoulos, Kamran Munawar, and Mohammad Samim
- Subjects
Male ,musculoskeletal diseases ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Glenoid Cavity ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Osteoarthritis ,medicine ,Humans ,Mean variance ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,Orthodontics ,Retrospective review ,Preoperative planning ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,CT Shoulder ,musculoskeletal system ,Arthroplasty ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder ,Orthopedic surgery ,Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ,Female ,Glenoid morphology ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,business - Abstract
A major factor that impacts the long-term outcome and complication rates of total shoulder arthroplasty is the preoperative posterior glenoid bone loss quantified by glenoid retroversion. The purpose of this study was to assess if glenoid retroversion varies significantly at different glenoid heights in Walch B2 and B3 glenoids. Patients with B2 and B3 glenoid types were included following retrospective review of 386 consecutive CT shoulder studies performed for arthroplasty preoperative planning. True axial CT reconstructions were created using a validated technique. Two readers independently measured the glenoid retroversion angles according to the Friedman method using the “intermediate” glenoid at three glenoid heights: 75% (upper), 50% (equator), and 25% (lower). The variances between the three levels for a given patient were calculated. Twenty-nine B2 and 8 B3 glenoid types were included. There was no significant difference in variance of glenoid version among the three levels in B2 or B3 groups. The mean variance in retroversion degree between equator-lower, upper-equator, and upper-lower glenoid was − 0.4, 0.3, and − 0.2 for B2; and − 0.2, 1.9, and 1.9 for B3 glenoid, respectively. The level of inter-reader agreement was fair to good for variance at equator-lower, and good to excellent for upper-equator and upper-lower glenoid. Glenoid version can be accurately measured at any level between 25 and 75% of glenoid height for Walch B2 and B3. We recommend that the glenoid equator be used as the reference to assure consistent and reliable version measurements in this group of patients.
- Published
- 2018
44. [Intellectual disorder and idiopathic sick sinus syndrome associated with GNB5 mutation: a case report]
- Author
-
Z H, Ou, J H, Mai, L, Liu, S Y, Zeng, B N, Li, M G, Xu, and C, Liu
- Subjects
Sick Sinus Syndrome ,Electrocardiography ,GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits ,Mutation ,Humans ,Pedigree - Abstract
小儿特发性病态窦房结综合征是在儿童时期起病,表现为窦房结功能障碍的心律失常综合征,通常认为与遗传性因素有关。随着基因测序技术的发展,与特发性病态窦房结综合征相关的基因变异位点陆续被发现,人们对其发病机制的认识已深入到分子水平。本文报道1例智力障碍伴特发性病态窦房结综合征的病例,为GNB5基因移码变异c.136delG。该基因变异临床罕见,丰富了特发性窦房结综合征的基因和临床表型谱,为该病的精准诊断及遗传咨询提供依据。.
- Published
- 2021
45. Can a Checklist Improve the Informed Consent Process?
- Author
-
Kathryn V. Blake, Veronica H Mai, Eric D. Shirley, and Kevin M Neal
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,informed consent ,shared decision making ,General Engineering ,Decisional conflict ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Quality Improvement ,Confidence interval ,Checklist ,03 medical and health sciences ,Family member ,Orthopedics ,0302 clinical medicine ,Informed consent ,Family medicine ,Patient experience ,Medicine ,business ,checklist ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Informed consent often fails to provide patients and families with a full understanding of the proposed procedure. We developed an informed consent checklist for identifying specific aspects of the surgical consent that were not fully understood by families. The purpose of this study was to measure the effect of using this checklist on families' knowledge, satisfaction, experience, and decisional conflict during the consent process. The families of pediatric patients scheduled for an orthopaedic preoperative visit were prospectively randomized into one of two groups: checklist or traditional appointment. Families in the checklist group completed the informed consent checklist which was then used by the surgeon to further discuss aspects of the surgery that needed clarification. Those in the traditional group had similar discussions about surgery without the aid of a checklist. Sixty-one families participated in the study; 27 in the checklist group and 34 in the traditional group without a checklist. The checklist group reported no difference in mean scores for all satisfaction (P = 0.37), decisional conflict (P = 0.51), and knowledge items (P = 0.31). For patient experience, the traditional group reported the visits were significantly more relaxed (mean 4.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.8-5.0) than the checklist group (mean 4.5, 95% CI 4.3-4.7). Our results suggest that having a family member complete the informed consent checklist prior to meeting with the surgeon did not improve, and may worsen, the consent experience for some families. Other methods need to be evaluated to determine the optimal consent process from the family's perspective.
- Published
- 2021
46. THE ROLE OF INTANGIBLE PROPERTY IN INNOVATION AWARENESS MANAGEMENT OF UNIVERSITY LECTURERS
- Author
-
H��, Mai and Nguy���n Thanh Huy���n
- Subjects
intangible assets ,ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION ,university faculty management ,cognitive innovation ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDSOCIETY ,university lecturers - Abstract
The article analyzes the concept of intangible assets, intangible assets of university lecturers (GDS). By using methods of collecting and analyzing information through interviews, the author's survey goes deeply to analyze the characteristics of the CEO, the factors that promote the contribution of the CEO, and the factors that make up the value of the investor. Thereby affirming the important role of factors belonging to intangible assets including professional qualifications, teaching skills; scientific research capacity; personal medical beliefs; professional ethics, and social relationships for the formation of the value of education. The importance of intangible assets for the investor emphasizes the need to renew awareness in management activities for the employer to create a creative working environment for the employer, properly assessing the value of the investor in the education and training career
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Peer-Developed Modules on Basic Biostatistics and Evidence-Based Medicine Principles for Undergraduate Medical Education
- Author
-
Cody McIlvain, Jonathan S Taylor-Fishwick, Michelle Rogers-Johnson, Justin Yaworsky, Sean Whitty, April Adams Pace, Mark Schmitt, Anthony Pang, Alex C. Lafever, William Sherred-Smith, Daniel H Mai, and Anca D. Dobrian
- Subjects
Self-assessment ,Medicine (General) ,Self-Assessment ,Students, Medical ,Original Publication ,Flipped Classroom ,Biostatistics ,Flipped classroom ,Self-Directed Learning ,Education ,R5-920 ,ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION ,Humans ,Peer learning ,Self-regulated learning ,Medical education ,Evidence-Based Medicine ,Statistics ,General Medicine ,Evidence-based medicine ,Problem-Based Learning ,Peer-Learning ,Problem-based learning ,Autodidacticism ,Curriculum ,Psychology ,Education, Medical, Undergraduate ,Self-Regulated Learning - Abstract
Introduction Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is pivotal in shaping patient care, yet it is challenging to incorporate into undergraduate medical education (UME) due to a lack of dedicated resources within the preclinical curriculum. To address this challenge, we used a peer-led approach to explain difficult concepts through language that students can understand at their shared level of understanding. Methods Four second-year medical students trained in EBM over 18 months by facilitating monthly journal clubs, ultimately leading to their involvement as peer-instructors. With input from a faculty expert, peer-instructors designed integrative PowerPoint modules and interactive problem sets on basic biostatistics and EBM principles. Assessment included formative quizzes with multiple attempts to achieve at least 80% to demonstrate mastery of core learning objectives. Afterwards, students were invited to provide feedback using a 5-point Likert scale survey. Results Of second-year students who participated, all 151 demonstrated 80% competency on each quiz. Eighty-seven (58%) students completed the survey on which, 77% agreed/strongly agreed that their level of understanding of EBM improved after the peer-led sessions, 76% agreed/strongly agreed that the sessions were more conducive to learning compared to traditional lectures, and 94% agreed/strongly agreed that the material covered was relevant to the USMLE Step 1. Discussion This peer-led approach has been rated as effective by learners, improving their ability to critically appraise and apply clinical evidence. To promote integration of EBM into UME, we have prepared modules, problem sets, quizzes, and an outline of the problem-solving sessions for universal adoption.
- Published
- 2020
48. Chloromethylhalicyclamine B, a Marine-Derived Protein Kinase CK1δ/ε Inhibitor
- Author
-
Arlette Longeon, Marie-Lise Bourguet-Kondracki, Alfonso Mangoni, Laurent Meijer, Valeria Costantino, Rob W. M. Van Soest, Linh H. Mai, Roberta Teta, Germana Esposito, Esposito, Germana, Marie Lise, Bourguet Kondracki, Linh H, Mai, Arlette, Longeon, Teta, Roberta, Laurent, Meijer, Rob, Van Soest, Mangoni, Alfonso, and Costantino, Valeria
- Subjects
Stereochemistry ,Oceans and Seas ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Marine Biology ,01 natural sciences ,Analytical Chemistry ,Alkaloids ,Drug Discovery ,Chloromethylhalicyclamine B ,Animals ,Molecule ,Protein kinase A ,Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,IC50 ,Pharmacology ,Molecular Structure ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Alkaloid ,Organic Chemistry ,Extraction (chemistry) ,Absolute configuration ,Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic ,Porifera ,0104 chemical sciences ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Pyrimidines ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Indonesia ,Casein Kinase Idelta ,Molecular Medicine ,Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - Abstract
The halogenated alkaloid chloromethylhalicyclamine B (1), together with the known natural compound halicyclamine B (2), was isolated from the extract of the sponge Acanthostrongylophora ingens. The structure of compound 1 was determined by spectroscopic means, and it was shown that 1 is produced by reaction of 2 with CH2Cl2 used for extraction. Compound 1 was a selective CK1δ/ε inhibitor with an IC50 of 6 μM, while the natural compound 2 was inactive. The absolute configuration of 1 was determined by quantum mechanical calculation of its ECD spectrum, and this also determined the previously unknown absolute configuration of the parent halicyclamine B (2). Computational studies, validated by NOESY data, showed that compound 1 can efficiently interact with the ATP-binding site of CK1δ in spite of its globular structure, very different from the planar structure of known inhibitors of CK1δ. This opens the way to the design of a new structural type of CK1δ/ε inhibitors.
- Published
- 2016
49. Design and validation of a pulse generator for the pulse shaping of the turbine inlet pressure at the hot-gas test bench
- Author
-
P. Nachtigal, H. Rätz, J. Seume, and H. Mai
- Published
- 2020
50. [Intellectual developmental disorder with cardiac arrhythmia syndrome in a family caused by GNB5 variation and literature review]
- Author
-
J H, Mai, Z H, Ou, L, Chen, J, Duan, J X, Liao, and C X, Han
- Subjects
Male ,Heterozygote ,Intellectual Disability ,GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits ,Evoked Potentials, Visual ,Humans ,Infant ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Female ,Syndrome ,Child - Published
- 2020
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.