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212 results on '"Guyton, Kathryn Z."'

2. The Key Characteristics of Carcinogens: Relationship to the Hallmarks of Cancer, Relevant Biomarkers, and Assays to Measure Them

Author

Smith, Martyn T, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Kleinstreuer, Nicole, Borrel, Alexandre, Cardenas, Andres, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Felsher, Dean W, Gibbons, Catherine F, Goodson, William H, Houck, Keith A, Kane, Agnes B, La Merrill, Michele A, Lebrec, Herve, Lowe, Leroy, McHale, Cliona M, Minocherhomji, Sheroy, Rieswijk, Linda, Sandy, Martha S, Sone, Hideko, Wang, Amy, Zhang, Luoping, Zeise, Lauren, and Fielden, Mark

Subjects
Prevention, Cancer, Biomarkers, Carcinogens, Humans, Neoplasms, Medical and Health Sciences, Epidemiology
Abstract

The key characteristics (KC) of human carcinogens provide a uniform approach to evaluating mechanistic evidence in cancer hazard identification. Refinements to the approach were requested by organizations and individuals applying the KCs. We assembled an expert committee with knowledge of carcinogenesis and experience in applying the KCs in cancer hazard identification. We leveraged this expertise and examined the literature to more clearly describe each KC, identify current and emerging assays and in vivo biomarkers that can be used to measure them, and make recommendations for future assay development. We found that the KCs are clearly distinct from the Hallmarks of Cancer, that interrelationships among the KCs can be leveraged to strengthen the KC approach (and an understanding of environmental carcinogenesis), and that the KC approach is applicable to the systematic evaluation of a broad range of potential cancer hazards in vivo and in vitro We identified gaps in coverage of the KCs by current assays. Future efforts should expand the breadth, specificity, and sensitivity of validated assays and biomarkers that can measure the 10 KCs. Refinement of the KC approach will enhance and accelerate carcinogen identification, a first step in cancer prevention.See all articles in this CEBP Focus section, "Environmental Carcinogenesis: Pathways to Prevention."

Published
2020

3. Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a basis for hazard identification

Author

La Merrill, Michele A, Vandenberg, Laura N, Smith, Martyn T, Goodson, William, Browne, Patience, Patisaul, Heather B, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Cogliano, Vincent J, Woodruff, Tracey J, Rieswijk, Linda, Sone, Hideko, Korach, Kenneth S, Gore, Andrea C, Zeise, Lauren, and Zoeller, R Thomas

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Estrogen, Endocrine Disruptors, Cancer, Animals, Consensus, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Humans, Receptors, Corticotropin, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Clinical sciences
Abstract

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous chemicals that interfere with hormone action, thereby increasing the risk of adverse health outcomes, including cancer, reproductive impairment, cognitive deficits and obesity. A complex literature of mechanistic studies provides evidence on the hazards of EDC exposure, yet there is no widely accepted systematic method to integrate these data to help identify EDC hazards. Inspired by work to improve hazard identification of carcinogens using key characteristics (KCs), we have developed ten KCs of EDCs based on our knowledge of hormone actions and EDC effects. In this Expert Consensus Statement, we describe the logic by which these KCs are identified and the assays that could be used to assess several of these KCs. We reflect on how these ten KCs can be used to identify, organize and utilize mechanistic data when evaluating chemicals as EDCs, and we use diethylstilbestrol, bisphenol A and perchlorate as examples to illustrate this approach.

Published
2020

4. Experimental and pan-cancer genome analyses reveal widespread contribution of acrylamide exposure to carcinogenesis in humans.

Author

Zhivagui, Maria, Ng, Alvin WT, Ardin, Maude, Churchwell, Mona I, Pandey, Manuraj, Renard, Claire, Villar, Stephanie, Cahais, Vincent, Robitaille, Alexis, Bouaoun, Liacine, Heguy, Adriana, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Stampfer, Martha R, McKay, James, Hollstein, Monica, Olivier, Magali, Rozen, Steven G, Beland, Frederick A, Korenjak, Michael, and Zavadil, Jiri

Subjects
Cells, Cultured, Animals, Humans, Mice, Neoplasms, Acrylamides, Epoxy Compounds, Mutagens, Environmental Exposure, Mutation, Genome, Human, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Carcinogenesis, Cells, Cultured, Genome, Human, Bioinformatics, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract

Humans are frequently exposed to acrylamide, a probable human carcinogen found in commonplace sources such as most heated starchy foods or tobacco smoke. Prior evidence has shown that acrylamide causes cancer in rodents, yet epidemiological studies conducted to date are limited and, thus far, have yielded inconclusive data on association of human cancers with acrylamide exposure. In this study, we experimentally identify a novel and unique mutational signature imprinted by acrylamide through the effects of its reactive metabolite glycidamide. We next show that the glycidamide mutational signature is found in a full one-third of approximately 1600 tumor genomes corresponding to 19 human tumor types from 14 organs. The highest enrichment of the glycidamide signature was observed in the cancers of the lung (88% of the interrogated tumors), liver (73%), kidney (>70%), bile duct (57%), cervix (50%), and, to a lesser extent, additional cancer types. Overall, our study reveals an unexpectedly extensive contribution of acrylamide-associated mutagenesis to human cancers.

Published
2019

6. Moving forward in carcinogenicity assessment: Report of an EURL ECVAM/ESTIV workshop

Author

Corvi, Raffaella, Madia, Federica, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Kasper, Peter, Rudel, Ruthann, Colacci, Annamaria, Kleinjans, Jos, and Jennings, Paul

Subjects
Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Animal Testing Alternatives, Animals, Breast Neoplasms, Carcinogenicity Tests, Carcinogens, Consensus Development Conferences as Topic, Europe, Female, Humans, Mice, Proportional Hazards Models, Rats, Technology, Toxicogenetics, Carcinogenicity, Alternative methods, Rodent bioassay, Toxicogenomics, Mechanisms, Cancer hallmarks, CTA, Toxicology, Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Abstract

There is an increased need to develop novel alternative approaches to the two-year rodent bioassay for the carcinogenicity assessment of substances where the rodent bioassay is still a basic requirement, as well as for those substances where animal use is banned or limited or where information gaps are identified within legislation. The current progress in this area was addressed in a EURL ECVAM- ESTIV workshop held in October 2016, in Juan les Pins. A number of initiatives were presented and discussed, including data-driven, technology-driven and pathway-driven approaches. Despite a seemingly diverse range of strategic developments, commonalities are emerging. For example, providing insight into carcinogenicity mechanisms is becoming an increasingly appreciated aspect of hazard assessment and is suggested to be the best strategy to drive new developments. Thus, now more than ever, there is a need to combine and focus efforts towards the integration of available information between sectors. Such cross-sectorial harmonisation will aid in building confidence in new approach methods leading to increased implementation and thus a decreased necessity for the two-year rodent bioassay.

Published
2017

7. A proposed framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of endocrine disrupting chemicals

Author

Vandenberg, Laura N, Ågerstrand, Marlene, Beronius, Anna, Beausoleil, Claire, Bergman, Åke, Bero, Lisa A, Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, Boyer, C Scott, Cooper, Glinda S, Cotgreave, Ian, Gee, David, Grandjean, Philippe, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Hass, Ulla, Heindel, Jerrold J, Jobling, Susan, Kidd, Karen A, Kortenkamp, Andreas, Macleod, Malcolm R, Martin, Olwenn V, Norinder, Ulf, Scheringer, Martin, Thayer, Kristina A, Toppari, Jorma, Whaley, Paul, Woodruff, Tracey J, and Rudén, Christina

Subjects
Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Estrogen, Prevention, Generic health relevance, Good Health and Well Being, Animals, Endocrine Disruptors, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Humans, Models, Theoretical, Risk Assessment, Toxicity Tests, Endocrine disrupting chemicals, Systematic review, Study evaluation, Strength of evidence, Weight of evidence, Adverse effect, Endocrine disrupting activity, Evidence integration, In vivo, Public Health and Health Services, Toxicology, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundThe issue of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is receiving wide attention from both the scientific and regulatory communities. Recent analyses of the EDC literature have been criticized for failing to use transparent and objective approaches to draw conclusions about the strength of evidence linking EDC exposures to adverse health or environmental outcomes. Systematic review methodologies are ideal for addressing this issue as they provide transparent and consistent approaches to study selection and evaluation. Objective methods are needed for integrating the multiple streams of evidence (epidemiology, wildlife, laboratory animal, in vitro, and in silico data) that are relevant in assessing EDCs.MethodsWe have developed a framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of EDC studies. The framework was designed for use with the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and World Health Organization (WHO) definition of an EDC, which requires appraisal of evidence regarding 1) association between exposure and an adverse effect, 2) association between exposure and endocrine disrupting activity, and 3) a plausible link between the adverse effect and the endocrine disrupting activity.ResultsBuilding from existing methodologies for evaluating and synthesizing evidence, the SYRINA framework includes seven steps: 1) Formulate the problem; 2) Develop the review protocol; 3) Identify relevant evidence; 4) Evaluate evidence from individual studies; 5) Summarize and evaluate each stream of evidence; 6) Integrate evidence across all streams; 7) Draw conclusions, make recommendations, and evaluate uncertainties. The proposed method is tailored to the IPCS/WHO definition of an EDC but offers flexibility for use in the context of other definitions of EDCs.ConclusionsWhen using the SYRINA framework, the overall objective is to provide the evidence base needed to support decision making, including any action to avoid/minimise potential adverse effects of exposures. This framework allows for the evaluation and synthesis of evidence from multiple evidence streams. Finally, a decision regarding regulatory action is not only dependent on the strength of evidence, but also the consequences of action/inaction, e.g. limited or weak evidence may be sufficient to justify action if consequences are serious or irreversible.

Published
2016

8. Prioritizing Chemicals for Risk Assessment Using Chemoinformatics: Examples from the IARC Monographs on Pesticides

Author

Guha, Neela, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Loomis, Dana, and Barupal, Dinesh Kumar

Abstract

Background:Identifying cancer hazards is the first step towards cancer prevention. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs Programme, which has evaluated nearly 1,000 agents for their carcinogenic potential since 1971, typically selects agents for hazard identification on the basis of public nominations, expert advice, published data on carcinogenicity, and public health importance.Objectives:Here, we present a novel and complementary strategy for identifying agents for hazard evaluation using chemoinformatics, database integration, and automated text mining.Discussion:To inform selection among a broad range of pesticides nominated for evaluation, we identified and screened nearly 6,000 relevant chemical structures, after which we systematically compiled information on 980 pesticides, creating network maps that allowed cluster visualization by chemical similarity, pesticide class, and publicly available information concerning cancer epidemiology, cancer bioassays, and carcinogenic mechanisms. For the IARC Monograph meetings that took place in March and June 2015, this approach supported high-priority evaluation of glyphosate, malathion, parathion, tetrachlorvinphos, diazinon, p,p′-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), lindane, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D).Conclusions:This systematic approach, accounting for chemical similarity and overlaying multiple data sources, can be used by risk assessors as well as by researchers to systematize, inform, and increase efficiency in selecting and prioritizing agents for hazard identification, risk assessment, regulation, or further investigation. This approach could be extended to an array of outcomes and agents, including occupational carcinogens, drugs, and foods.Citation:Guha N, Guyton KZ, Loomis D, Barupal DK. 2016. Prioritizing chemicals for risk assessment using chemoinformatics: examples from the IARC Monographs on Pesticides. Environ Health Perspect 124:1823–1829; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP186

Published
2016

10. Invited Perspective: Prioritizing Chemical Testing and Evaluation Using Validated in Vitro Assays Relevant to Key Characteristics

Author

Guyton, Kathryn Z. and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.

Subjects
Cocarcinogens -- Identification and classification, Endocrine disruptors -- Identification and classification, Breast cancer -- Risk factors, Carcinogens -- Identification and classification, Environmental issues, Health
Abstract

By interfering with hormone action, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can increase the risk of various adverse health outcomes, including cancer and reproductive impairment (La Merrill et al. 2020). In their article, [...]

Published
2021
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13. Key Characteristics of Human Hepatotoxicants as a Basis for Identification and Characterization of the Causes of Liver Toxicity

Author

Rusyn, Ivan, primary, Arzuaga, Xabier, additional, Cattley, Russell C., additional, Corton, J. Christopher, additional, Ferguson, Stephen S., additional, Godoy, Patricio, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional, Kaplowitz, Neil, additional, Khetani, Salman R., additional, Roberts, Ruth A., additional, Roth, Robert A., additional, and Smith, Martyn T., additional

Published
2021
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15. Carcinogenicity of gentian violet, leucogentian violet, malachite green, leucomalachite green, and CI Direct Blue 218

Author

Le Curieux, Frank, primary, Gohlke, Julia M, additional, Pronk, Anjoeka, additional, Andersen, Wendy C, additional, Chen, Guosheng, additional, Fang, Jia-Long, additional, Mitrowska, Kamila, additional, Sanders, Pascal JJ, additional, Sun, Meng, additional, Umbuzeiro, Gisela A, additional, Umemura, Takashi, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Gwinn, William, additional, Middleton, Daniel, additional, Suonio, Eero, additional, Chung, Felicia, additional, Miranda-Filho, Adalberto, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, additional

Published
2021
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16. Key Characteristics Approach to Carcinogenic Hazard Identification

Author

Guyton, Kathryn Z, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Rieswijk, Linda, Wang, Amy, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Smith, Martyn T, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Rieswijk, Linda, Wang, Amy, Chiu, Weihsueh A, and Smith, Martyn T

Abstract

Evaluating carcinogenic mechanisms is a challenging part of hazard identification, as mechanistic data are both voluminous and diverse. An evaluation approach based on 10 key characteristics of human carcinogens provides a holistic and unbiased way to tackle this challenge.

Published
2018

17. Application of the key characteristics of carcinogens in cancer hazard identification

Author

Guyton, Kathryn Z., Rusyn, Ivan, Chiu, Weihsueh A., Corpet, Denis E, van den Berg, Martin, Ross, Matthew K, Christiani, David C., Beland, Frederick A, Smith, Martyn T., One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Texas A&M University System, ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Mississippi State University [Mississippi], Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], National Center for Toxicological Research, Partenaires INRAE, University of California [Berkeley], University of California, National Institutes of Health, USA [U01 CA33193], NIH [P42ES004705, P42ES027704], European Union Programme for Employment and Social Innovation 'EaSI', One Health Toxicologie, and dIRAS RA-1

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Carcinogenesis, business.industry, Extramural, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ssurrogate endpoint, Cancer, General Medicine, Computational biology, medicine.disease, carcinogens, eye diseases, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Biomarker, 030104 developmental biology, oxidative stress, cancer, Medicine, KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA, business, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, Carcinogen, Systematic search
Abstract

Smith et al. (Env. Health Perspect. 124: 713, 2016) identified 10 key characteristics (KCs), one or more of which are commonly exhibited by established human carcinogens. The KCs reflect the properties of a cancer-causing agent, such as ‘is genotoxic,’ ‘is immunosuppressive’ or ‘modulates receptor-mediated effects,’ and are distinct from the hallmarks of cancer, which are the properties of tumors. To assess feasibility and limitations of applying the KCs to diverse agents, methods and results of mechanistic data evaluations were compiled from eight recent IARC Monograph meetings. A systematic search, screening and evaluation procedure identified a broad literature encompassing multiple KCs for most (12/16) IARC Group 1 or 2A carcinogens identified in these meetings. Five carcinogens are genotoxic and induce oxidative stress, of which pentachlorophenol, hydrazine and malathion also showed additional KCs. Four others, including welding fumes, are immunosuppressive. The overall evaluation was upgraded to Group 2A based on mechanistic data for only two agents, tetrabromobisphenol A and tetrachloroazobenzene. Both carcinogens modulate receptor-mediated effects in combination with other KCs. Fewer studies were identified for Group 2B or 3 agents, with the vast majority (17/18) showing only one or no KCs. Thus, an objective approach to identify and evaluate mechanistic studies pertinent to cancer revealed strong evidence for multiple KCs for most Group 1 or 2A carcinogens but also identified opportunities for improvement. Further development and mapping of toxicological and biomarker endpoints and pathways relevant to the KCs can advance the systematic search and evaluation of mechanistic data in carcinogen hazard identification., The use of the KCs of carcinogens provides an objective approach to identify and evaluate mechanistic studies pertinent to cancer induction. Analysis of data from eight recent IARC Monograph meetings revealed strong evidence for multiple KCs for most Group 1 or 2A known and probable human carcinogens.

Published
2018
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18. Carcinogenicity of acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and arecoline

Author

Marques, M Matilde, primary, Beland, Frederick A, additional, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, additional, Phillips, David H, additional, Chung, Fung-Lung, additional, Dorman, David C, additional, Elmore, Sarah E, additional, Hammond, S Katharine, additional, Krstev, Srmena, additional, Linhart, Igor, additional, Long, Alexandra S, additional, Mandrioli, Daniele, additional, Ogawa, Kumiko, additional, Pappas, Jane J, additional, Parra Morte, Juan M, additional, Talaska, Glenn, additional, Tang, Moon-shong, additional, Thakur, Nisha, additional, van Tongeren, Martie, additional, Vineis, Paolo, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Suonio, Eero, additional, Turner, Michelle C, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Middleton, Daniel, additional, Miranda-Filho, Adalberto, additional, Chung, Felicia, additional, Liu, Yaqi, additional, Vega, Samantha, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, additional, and Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional

Published
2021
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19. Carcinogenicity of opium consumption

Author

Warnakulasuriya, Saman, primary, Cronin-Fenton, Deirdre, additional, Jinot, Jennifer, additional, Kamangar, Farin, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Dar, Nazir A, additional, Etemadi, Arash, additional, Fortini, Paola, additional, Glass, Deborah C, additional, Khanjani, Narges, additional, Kikura-Hanajiri, Ruri, additional, Malats, Nuria, additional, Pourshams, Akram, additional, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, additional, Richardson, David B, additional, Sewram, Vikash, additional, Girschik, Jennifer, additional, Turner, Michelle C, additional, Suonio, Eero, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Sheikh, Mahdi, additional, Hosseini, Bayan, additional, Li, MengMeng, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, additional

Published
2020
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20. Carcinogenicity of some aromatic amines and related compounds

Author

DeMarini, David M., primary, Carreón-Valencia, Tania, additional, Gwinn, William M., additional, Hopf, Nancy B., additional, Sandy, Martha S., additional, Bahadori, Tina, additional, Calaf, Gloria M., additional, Chen, Guosheng, additional, de Conti, Aline, additional, Fritschi, Lin, additional, Gi, Min, additional, Josephy, P. David, additional, Kirkeleit, Jorunn, additional, Kjaerheim, Kristina, additional, Langouët, Sophie, additional, McElvenny, Damien M., additional, Sergi, Consolato M., additional, Stayner, Leslie T., additional, Toyoda, Takeshi, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Suonio, Eero, additional, Turner, Michelle C., additional, Cree, Ian A., additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, Müller, Karen, additional, Chung, Felicia, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K., additional

Published
2020
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21. Carcinogenicity of some industrial chemical intermediates and solvents

Author

Rusyn, Ivan, primary, Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional, Camacho, Luisa, additional, Käfferlein, Heiko U., additional, Cattley, Russell, additional, Estill, Cherie F, additional, Kanno, Jun, additional, Le Curieux, Frank, additional, Mráz, Jaroslav, additional, Roberts, Georgia K., additional, Stubbings, William A., additional, Umemura, Takashi, additional, Vlaanderen, Jelle, additional, Bouvard, Veronique, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Girschik, Jennifer, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Rowan, Elaine G., additional, Chung, Felicia, additional, Li, Mengmeng, additional, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K., additional, and Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional

Published
2020
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22. The IARC Monographs: Updated procedures for modern and transparent evidence synthesis in cancer hazard identification

Author

Samet, Jonathan M, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Cogliano, Vincent, Jinot, Jennifer, Kriebel, David, Lunn, Ruth M, Beland, Frederick A, Bero, Lisa, Browne, Patience, Fritschi, Lin, Kanno, Jun, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, Lan, Qing, Lasfargues, Gérard, Curieux, Frank Le, Peters, Susan, Shubat, Pamela, Sone, Hideko, White, Mary C, Williamson, Jon, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Siemiatycki, Jack, White, Paul A, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, Hall, Amy L, Grosse, Yann, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Lauby-Secretan, Béatrice, Armstrong, Bruce, Saracci, Rodolfo, Zavadil, Jiri, Straif, Kurt, Wild, Christopher P, One Health Chemisch, and One Health Chemisch

Subjects
Program evaluation, 0303 health sciences, Cancer Research, Cancer prevention, Computer science, MEDLINE, Harmonization, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Preamble, R1, 03 medical and health sciences, Editor's Choice, Oncology, Public health surveillance, Risk analysis (engineering), Neoplasms, Milestone (project management), Commentary, Carcinogens, Humans, Identification (biology), B1, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The Monographs produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) apply rigorous procedures for the scientific review and evaluation of carcinogenic hazards by independent experts. The Preamble to the IARC Monographs, which outlines these procedures, was updated in 2019, following recommendations of a 2018 expert advisory group. This article presents the key features of the updated Preamble, a major milestone that will enable IARC to take advantage of recent scientific and procedural advances made during the 12 years since the last Preamble amendments. The updated Preamble formalizes important developments already being pioneered in the Monographs program. These developments were taken forward in a clarified and strengthened process for identifying, reviewing, evaluating, and integrating evidence to identify causes of human cancer. The advancements adopted include the strengthening of systematic review methodologies; greater emphasis on mechanistic evidence, based on key characteristics of carcinogens; greater consideration of quality and informativeness in the critical evaluation of epidemiological studies, including their exposure assessment methods; improved harmonization of evaluation criteria for the different evidence streams; and a single-step process of integrating evidence on cancer in humans, cancer in experimental animals, and mechanisms for reaching overall evaluations. In all, the updated Preamble underpins a stronger and more transparent method for the identification of carcinogenic hazards, the essential first step in cancer prevention.

Published
2019

23. Report of the Advisory Group to Recommend an Update to the Preamble to the IARC Monographs

Author

Beland, Frederick A., Bero, Lisa, Browne, Patience, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Cogliano, Vincent, Fritschi, Lin, Jinot, Jennifer, Kanno, Jun, Kriebel, David, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, Lan, Qing, Lasfargues, Gérard, Curieux, Frank Le, Lunn, Ruth M., Peters, Susan, Samet, Jonathan M., Shubat, Pamela, Sone, Hideko, White, Mary C., Williamson, Jon, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Siemiatycki, Jack, White, Paul A., Chao, Ann, Guglielmetti, Paolo, Jamers, An, Kraft, Andrew, Park, Eun Young, Roth, Chris, Stewart, Bernard W, Neeraja Erraguntla, Tsaioun, Katya, Wikoff, Daniele, Armstrong, Bruce, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Bouvard, Véronique, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Grosse, Yann, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Hall, Amy, Jun, JaeKwan, Lauby-Secretan, Beatrice, Mattock, Heidi, Norris, Susan, Saracci, Rodolfo, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary, Straif, Kurt, Tritscher, Angelika, Jiri Zavadil, and Wibbertmann, Axel

Published
2019
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24. Carcinogenicity of night shift work

Author

Ward, Elizabeth M, Germolec, Dori, Kogevinas, Manolis, McCormick, David, Vermeulen, Roel, Anisimov, Vladimir N, Aronson, Kristan J, Bhatti, Parveen, Cocco, Pierluigi, Costa, Giovanni, Dorman, David C, Fu, Loning, Garde, Anne Helene, Guénel, Pascal, Hansen, Johnni, Härmä, Mikko I, Kawai, Kazuaki, Khizkhin, Evgenii A, Knutsson, Anders, Lévi, Francis, Moreno, Claudia RC, Pukkala, Eero, Schernhammer, Eva, Travis, Ruth, Waters, Martha, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhu, Yong, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grosse, Yann, Hall, Amy L, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Girschik, Jennifer, Bouvard, Véronique, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Turner, Michelle C, Diver, W Ryan, Herceg, Zdenko, Olson, Natalie, Rowan, Elaine G, Rumgay, Harriet, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, Ward, Elizabeth M, Germolec, Dori, Kogevinas, Manolis, McCormick, David, Vermeulen, Roel, Anisimov, Vladimir N, Aronson, Kristan J, Bhatti, Parveen, Cocco, Pierluigi, Costa, Giovanni, Dorman, David C, Fu, Loning, Garde, Anne Helene, Guénel, Pascal, Hansen, Johnni, Härmä, Mikko I, Kawai, Kazuaki, Khizkhin, Evgenii A, Knutsson, Anders, Lévi, Francis, Moreno, Claudia RC, Pukkala, Eero, Schernhammer, Eva, Travis, Ruth, Waters, Martha, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhu, Yong, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grosse, Yann, Hall, Amy L, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Girschik, Jennifer, Bouvard, Véronique, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Turner, Michelle C, Diver, W Ryan, Herceg, Zdenko, Olson, Natalie, Rowan, Elaine G, Rumgay, Harriet, Guyton, Kathryn Z, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K

Published
2019

25. The IARC Monographs: Updated procedures for modern and transparent evidence synthesis in cancer hazard identification

Author

One Health Chemisch, Samet, Jonathan M, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Cogliano, Vincent, Jinot, Jennifer, Kriebel, David, Lunn, Ruth M, Beland, Frederick A, Bero, Lisa, Browne, Patience, Fritschi, Lin, Kanno, Jun, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, Lan, Qing, Lasfargues, Gérard, Curieux, Frank Le, Peters, Susan, Shubat, Pamela, Sone, Hideko, White, Mary C, Williamson, Jon, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Siemiatycki, Jack, White, Paul A, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, Hall, Amy L, Grosse, Yann, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Lauby-Secretan, Béatrice, Armstrong, Bruce, Saracci, Rodolfo, Zavadil, Jiri, Straif, Kurt, Wild, Christopher P, One Health Chemisch, Samet, Jonathan M, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Cogliano, Vincent, Jinot, Jennifer, Kriebel, David, Lunn, Ruth M, Beland, Frederick A, Bero, Lisa, Browne, Patience, Fritschi, Lin, Kanno, Jun, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, Lan, Qing, Lasfargues, Gérard, Curieux, Frank Le, Peters, Susan, Shubat, Pamela, Sone, Hideko, White, Mary C, Williamson, Jon, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Siemiatycki, Jack, White, Paul A, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, Hall, Amy L, Grosse, Yann, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Lauby-Secretan, Béatrice, Armstrong, Bruce, Saracci, Rodolfo, Zavadil, Jiri, Straif, Kurt, and Wild, Christopher P

Published
2019

26. Carcinogenicity of night shift work

Author

One Health Chemisch, dIRAS RA-2, Ward, Elizabeth M, Germolec, Dori, Kogevinas, Manolis, McCormick, David, Vermeulen, Roel, Anisimov, Vladimir N, Aronson, Kristan J, Bhatti, Parveen, Cocco, Pierluigi, Costa, Giovanni, Dorman, David C, Fu, Loning, Garde, Anne Helene, Guénel, Pascal, Hansen, Johnni, Härmä, Mikko I, Kawai, Kazuaki, Khizkhin, Evgenii A, Knutsson, Anders, Lévi, Francis, Moreno, Claudia RC, Pukkala, Eero, Schernhammer, Eva, Travis, Ruth, Waters, Martha, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhu, Yong, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grosse, Yann, Hall, Amy L, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Girschik, Jennifer, Bouvard, Véronique, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Turner, Michelle C, Diver, W Ryan, Herceg, Zdenko, Olson, Natalie, Rowan, Elaine G, Rumgay, Harriet, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, One Health Chemisch, dIRAS RA-2, Ward, Elizabeth M, Germolec, Dori, Kogevinas, Manolis, McCormick, David, Vermeulen, Roel, Anisimov, Vladimir N, Aronson, Kristan J, Bhatti, Parveen, Cocco, Pierluigi, Costa, Giovanni, Dorman, David C, Fu, Loning, Garde, Anne Helene, Guénel, Pascal, Hansen, Johnni, Härmä, Mikko I, Kawai, Kazuaki, Khizkhin, Evgenii A, Knutsson, Anders, Lévi, Francis, Moreno, Claudia RC, Pukkala, Eero, Schernhammer, Eva, Travis, Ruth, Waters, Martha, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhu, Yong, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, Grosse, Yann, Hall, Amy L, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Girschik, Jennifer, Bouvard, Véronique, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Turner, Michelle C, Diver, W Ryan, Herceg, Zdenko, Olson, Natalie, Rowan, Elaine G, Rumgay, Harriet, Guyton, Kathryn Z, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K

Published
2019

28. Carcinogenicity of isobutyl nitrite, beta-picoline, and some acrylates

Author

Kromhout, Hans, Friesen, Melissa, Marques, M. Mathilde, Sergi, Consolato Maria, Abdallah, Mohamed, Benke, Geza, Cesta, Mark, Germolec, Dori, Houck, Keith, Ichihara, Gaku, Jameson, Charles William, Kanno, Jun, Pogribny, Igor, Svendsen, Camilla, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Grosse, Yann, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Bouvard, Veronique, Hall, Amy, Jaillet, Corentin, Mattock, Heidi, Straif, Kurt, One Health Chemisch, and dIRAS RA-2

Published
2018

29. Consensus on the key characteristics of endocrine-disrupting chemicals as a basis for hazard identification

Author

La Merrill, Michele A., primary, Vandenberg, Laura N., additional, Smith, Martyn T., additional, Goodson, William, additional, Browne, Patience, additional, Patisaul, Heather B., additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional, Kortenkamp, Andreas, additional, Cogliano, Vincent J., additional, Woodruff, Tracey J., additional, Rieswijk, Linda, additional, Sone, Hideko, additional, Korach, Kenneth S., additional, Gore, Andrea C., additional, Zeise, Lauren, additional, and Zoeller, R. Thomas, additional

Published
2019
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30. Carcinogenicity of night shift work

Author

Ward, Elizabeth M, primary, Germolec, Dori, additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, McCormick, David, additional, Vermeulen, Roel, additional, Anisimov, Vladimir N, additional, Aronson, Kristan J, additional, Bhatti, Parveen, additional, Cocco, Pierluigi, additional, Costa, Giovanni, additional, Dorman, David C, additional, Fu, Loning, additional, Garde, Anne Helene, additional, Guénel, Pascal, additional, Hansen, Johnni, additional, Härmä, Mikko I, additional, Kawai, Kazuaki, additional, Khizkhin, Evgenii A, additional, Knutsson, Anders, additional, Lévi, Francis, additional, Moreno, Claudia RC, additional, Pukkala, Eero, additional, Schernhammer, Eva, additional, Travis, Ruth, additional, Waters, Martha, additional, Yakubovskaya, Marianna, additional, Zeeb, Hajo, additional, Zhu, Yong, additional, Zienolddiny, Shanbeh, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Hall, Amy L, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Girschik, Jennifer, additional, Bouvard, Véronique, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Turner, Michelle C, additional, Diver, W Ryan, additional, Herceg, Zdenko, additional, Olson, Natalie, additional, Rowan, Elaine G, additional, Rumgay, Harriet, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional, and Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, additional

Published
2019
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31. Advisory Group recommendations on priorities for the IARC Monographs

Author

Marques, M Matilde, primary, Berrington de Gonzalez, Amy, additional, Beland, Frederick A., additional, Browne, Patience, additional, Demers, Paul A, additional, Lachenmeier, Dirk W, additional, Bahadori, Tina, additional, Barupal, Dinesh K., additional, Belpoggi, Fiorella, additional, Comba, Pietro, additional, Dai, Min, additional, Daniels, Robert D, additional, Ferreccio, Catterina, additional, Grigoriev, Oleg A, additional, Hong, Yun-Chul, additional, Hoover, Robert N., additional, Kanno, Jun, additional, Kogevinas, Manolis, additional, Lasfargues, Gérard, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Masten, Scott, additional, Newton, Robert, additional, Norat, Teresa, additional, Pappas, Jane J, additional, Queiroz Moreira, Camila, additional, Rodríguez, Teresa, additional, Rodríguez-Guzmán, Julietta, additional, Sewram, Vikash, additional, Zeise, Lauren, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Bouvard, Véronique, additional, Cree, Ian A, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Girschik, Jennifer, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, Hall, Amy L, additional, Turner, Michelle C, additional, Straif, Kurt, additional, Korenjak, Michael, additional, McCormack, Valerie, additional, Müller, Karen, additional, Schüz, Joachim, additional, Zavadil, Jiri, additional, Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K, additional, and Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional

Published
2019
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32. Application of the key characteristics of carcinogens in cancer hazard identification

Author

One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Rusyn, Ivan, Chiu, Weihsueh A., Corpet, Denis E, van den Berg, Martin, Ross, Matthew K, Christiani, David C., Beland, Frederick A, Smith, Martyn T., One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Rusyn, Ivan, Chiu, Weihsueh A., Corpet, Denis E, van den Berg, Martin, Ross, Matthew K, Christiani, David C., Beland, Frederick A, and Smith, Martyn T.

Published
2018

33. Re: 'Application of the key characteristics of carcinogens in cancer hazard evaluation': response to Goodman, Lynch and Rhomberg

Author

One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Rusyn, Ivan, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Corpet, Denis E, van den Berg, Martin, Ross, Matthew K, Christiani, David C, Beland, Frederick A, Smith, Martyn T, One Health Toxicologie, dIRAS RA-1, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Rusyn, Ivan, Chiu, Weihsueh A, Corpet, Denis E, van den Berg, Martin, Ross, Matthew K, Christiani, David C, Beland, Frederick A, and Smith, Martyn T

Published
2018

34. Carcinogenicity of isobutyl nitrite, beta-picoline, and some acrylates

Author

One Health Chemisch, dIRAS RA-2, Kromhout, Hans, Friesen, Melissa, Marques, M. Mathilde, Sergi, Consolato Maria, Abdallah, Mohamed, Benke, Geza, Cesta, Mark, Germolec, Dori, Houck, Keith, Ichihara, Gaku, Jameson, Charles William, Kanno, Jun, Pogribny, Igor, Svendsen, Camilla, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Grosse, Yann, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Bouvard, Veronique, Hall, Amy, Jaillet, Corentin, Mattock, Heidi, Straif, Kurt, One Health Chemisch, dIRAS RA-2, Kromhout, Hans, Friesen, Melissa, Marques, M. Mathilde, Sergi, Consolato Maria, Abdallah, Mohamed, Benke, Geza, Cesta, Mark, Germolec, Dori, Houck, Keith, Ichihara, Gaku, Jameson, Charles William, Kanno, Jun, Pogribny, Igor, Svendsen, Camilla, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Grosse, Yann, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Bouvard, Veronique, Hall, Amy, Jaillet, Corentin, Mattock, Heidi, and Straif, Kurt

Published
2018

35. Conditional Toxicity Value (CTV) Predictor: An In Silico Approach for Generating Quantitative Risk Estimates for Chemicals

Author

Wignall, Jessica A., Muratov, Eugene, Sedykh, Alexander, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Tropsha, Alexander, Rusyn, Ivan, and Chiu, Weihsueh A.

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, United States. Environmental Protection Agency, Toxicity -- Measurement -- Methods, Chemical spills -- Planning, Company business planning, Environmental issues, Health, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, National Research Council -- Surveys
Abstract

Background: Human health assessments synthesize human, animal, and mechanistic data to produce toxicity values that are key inputs to risk-based decision making. Traditional assessments are data-, time-, and resource- intensive, and they cannot be developed for most environmental chemicals owing to a lack of appropriate data. Objectives: As recommended by the National Research Council, we propose a solution for predicting toxicity values for data-poor chemicals through development of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. Methods: We used a comprehensive database of chemicals with existing regulatory toxicity values from U.S. federal and state agencies to develop quantitative QSAR models. We compared QSAR-based model predictions to those based on high-throughput screening (HTS) assays. Results: QSAR models for noncancer threshold-based values and cancer slope factors had cross-validation-based [Q.sup.2] of 0.25-0.45, mean model errors of 0.70-1.11 [log.sub.10] units, and applicability domains covering >80% of environmental chemicals. Toxicity values predicted from QSAR models developed in this study were more accurate and precise than those based on HTS assays or mean-based predictions. A publicly accessible web interface to make predictions for any chemical of interest is available at http://toxvalue.org. Conclusions: An in silico tool that can predict toxicity values with an uncertainty of an order of magnitude or less can be used to quickly and quantitatively assess risks of environmental chemicals when traditional toxicity data or human health assessments are unavailable. This tool can fill a critical gap in the risk assessment and management of data-poor chemicals. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP2998, Introduction Of the tens of thousands of chemicals in commerce or on various manufacturing inventories, only hundreds have comprehensive toxicological data or have undergone some form of human health risk [...]

Published
2018
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38. Carcinogenicity of Styrene

Author

Guyton, Kathryn Z, primary, Guha, Neela, additional, Vilahur, Nadia, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Bouvard, Veronique, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Hall, Amy L, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, and Straif, Kurt, additional

Published
2018
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39. Carcinogenicity of isobutyl nitrite, β-picoline, and some acrylates

Author

Kromhout, Hans, primary, Friesen, Melissa, additional, Marques, M Mathilde, additional, Sergi, Consolato Maria, additional, Abdallah, Mohamed, additional, Benke, Geza, additional, Cesta, Mark, additional, Germolec, Dori, additional, Houck, Keith, additional, Ichihara, Gaku, additional, Jameson, Charles William, additional, Kanno, Jun, additional, Pogribny, Igor, additional, Svendsen, Camilla, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Bouvard, Véronique, additional, Hall, Amy, additional, Jaillet, Corentin, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, Straif, Kurt, additional, Kromhout, Hans, additional, Marques, M. Matilde, additional, Cesta, Mark F., additional, and Guyton, Kathryn, additional

Published
2018
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40. Carcinogenicity of quinoline, styrene, and styrene-7,8-oxide

Author

Kogevinas, Manolis, primary, Gwinn, William M., additional, Kriebel, David, additional, Phillips, David H., additional, Sim, Malcolm, additional, Bertke, Stephen J., additional, Calaf, Gloria M., additional, Colosio, Claudio, additional, Fritz, Jason M., additional, Fukushima, Shoji, additional, Hemminki, Kari, additional, Jensen, Allan A., additional, Kolstad, Henrik, additional, Mráz, Jaroslav, additional, Nesnow, Stephen, additional, Nylander-French, Leena A., additional, Parent, Marie-Elise, additional, Sandy, Martha, additional, Smith-Roe, Stephanie L., additional, Stoner, Gary, additional, Suzuki, Takayoshi, additional, Teixeira, João Paulo, additional, Vodicka, Pavel, additional, Tornero-Velez, Rogelio, additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Bouvard, Véronique, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Guha, Neela, additional, Vilahur, Nadia, additional, Driscoll, Tim, additional, Hall, Amy, additional, Middleton, Daniel, additional, Jaillet, Corentin, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, and Straif, Kurt, additional

Published
2018
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41. Carcinogenicity of welding, molybdenum trioxide, and indium tin oxide

Author

dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Guha, Neela, Loomis, Dana, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Grosse, Yann, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Vilahur, Nadia, Muller, Karen, Straif, Kurt, International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group, Hansen, J., Nersesyan, A.. K., Lavoué, J., Luce, D., Ahrens, W., Fukushima, S., Kromhout, J., Peters, Susan, 't Mannetje, A., Albin, M., Baker, M. G., Fritz, J. M., Gwinn, W. M., Lunn, R. M., Tokar, E. J., Zeidler-Erdely, P. C., dIRAS RA-2, LS IRAS EEPI EXAS (Arb.hyg+bl.st.kar.), Guha, Neela, Loomis, Dana, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Grosse, Yann, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, Bouvard, Véronique, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Vilahur, Nadia, Muller, Karen, Straif, Kurt, International Agency for Research on Cancer Monograph Working Group, Hansen, J., Nersesyan, A.. K., Lavoué, J., Luce, D., Ahrens, W., Fukushima, S., Kromhout, J., Peters, Susan, 't Mannetje, A., Albin, M., Baker, M. G., Fritz, J. M., Gwinn, W. M., Lunn, R. M., Tokar, E. J., and Zeidler-Erdely, P. C.

Published
2017

42. Carcinogenicity of benzene

Author

Loomis, Dana, primary, Guyton, Kathryn Z, additional, Grosse, Yann, additional, El Ghissassi, Fatiha, additional, Bouvard, Véronique, additional, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, additional, Guha, Neela, additional, Vilahur, Nadia, additional, Mattock, Heidi, additional, and Straif, Kurt, additional

Published
2017
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46. Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat

Author

Bouvard, Véronique, Loomis, Dana, Guyton, Kathryn Z, Grosse, Yann, Ghissassi, Fatiha El, Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia, Guha, Neela, Mattock, Heidi, Straif, Kurt, Corpet, Denis, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse - ENVT (FRANCE), International Agency for Research on Cancer - IARC (FRANCE), Centre international de Recherche sur le Cancer (CIRC), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
education, Processed meat, Médecine humaine et pathologie, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Food handling, Feeding behavior, Environmental health, Medicine, Food science, Evaluation, health care economics and organizations, Cancer, Consumption (economics), Red meat, Life style, business.industry, food and beverages, Colorectal cancer, 3. Good health, Oncology, Red Meat Consumption, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, International agency
Abstract

International audience; In October, 2015, 22 scientists from ten countries met at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Lyon, France, to evaluate the carcinogenicity of the consumption of red meat and processed meat. These assessments will be published in volume 114 of the IARC Monographs.

Published
2015
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47. A proposed framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of endocrine disrupting chemicals

Author

Vandenberg, Laura N., Agerstrand, Marlene, Beronius, Anna, Beausoleil, Claire, Bergman, Ake, Bero, Lisa A., Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, Boyer, C. Scott, Cooper, Glinda S., Cotgreave, Ian, Gee, David, Grandjean, Philippe, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Hass, Ulla, Heindel, Jerrold J., Jobling, Susan, Kidd, Karen A., Kortenkamp, Andreas, Macleod, Malcolm R., Martin, Olwenn V., Norinder, Ulf, Scheringer, Martin, Thayer, Kristina A., Toppari, Jorma, Whaley, Paul, Woodruff, Tracey J., Ruden, Christina, Vandenberg, Laura N., Agerstrand, Marlene, Beronius, Anna, Beausoleil, Claire, Bergman, Ake, Bero, Lisa A., Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, Boyer, C. Scott, Cooper, Glinda S., Cotgreave, Ian, Gee, David, Grandjean, Philippe, Guyton, Kathryn Z., Hass, Ulla, Heindel, Jerrold J., Jobling, Susan, Kidd, Karen A., Kortenkamp, Andreas, Macleod, Malcolm R., Martin, Olwenn V., Norinder, Ulf, Scheringer, Martin, Thayer, Kristina A., Toppari, Jorma, Whaley, Paul, Woodruff, Tracey J., and Ruden, Christina

Abstract

Background: The issue of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is receiving wide attention from both the scientific and regulatory communities. Recent analyses of the EDC literature have been criticized for failing to use transparent and objective approaches to draw conclusions about the strength of evidence linking EDC exposures to adverse health or environmental outcomes. Systematic review methodologies are ideal for addressing this issue as they provide transparent and consistent approaches to study selection and evaluation. Objective methods are needed for integrating the multiple streams of evidence (epidemiology, wildlife, laboratory animal, in vitro, and in silico data) that are relevant in assessing EDCs. Methods: We have developed a framework for the systematic review and integrated assessment (SYRINA) of EDC studies. The framework was designed for use with the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and World Health Organization (WHO) definition of an EDC, which requires appraisal of evidence regarding 1) association between exposure and an adverse effect, 2) association between exposure and endocrine disrupting activity, and 3) a plausible link between the adverse effect and the endocrine disrupting activity. Results: Building from existing methodologies for evaluating and synthesizing evidence, the SYRINA framework includes seven steps: 1) Formulate the problem; 2) Develop the review protocol; 3) Identify relevant evidence; 4) Evaluate evidence from individual studies; 5) Summarize and evaluate each stream of evidence; 6) Integrate evidence across all streams; 7) Draw conclusions, make recommendations, and evaluate uncertainties. The proposed method is tailored to the IPCS/WHO definition of an EDC but offers flexibility for use in the context of other definitions of EDCs. Conclusions: When using the SYRINA framework, the overall objective is to provide the evidence base needed to support decision making, including any action to avoid/minimise pot

Published
2016
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49. The Next Generation of Risk Assessment Multi-Year Study—Highlights of Findings, Applications to Risk Assessment, and Future Directions

Author

Cote, Ila, primary, Andersen, Melvin E., additional, Ankley, Gerald T., additional, Barone, Stanley, additional, Birnbaum, Linda S., additional, Boekelheide, Kim, additional, Bois, Frederic Y., additional, Burgoon, Lyle D., additional, Chiu, Weihsueh A., additional, Crawford-Brown, Douglas, additional, Crofton, Kevin M., additional, DeVito, Michael, additional, Devlin, Robert B., additional, Edwards, Stephen W., additional, Guyton, Kathryn Z., additional, Hattis, Dale, additional, Judson, Richard S., additional, Knight, Derek, additional, Krewski, Daniel, additional, Lambert, Jason, additional, Maull, Elizabeth Anne, additional, Mendrick, Donna, additional, Paoli, Gregory M., additional, Patel, Chirag Jagdish, additional, Perkins, Edward J., additional, Poje, Gerald, additional, Portier, Christopher J., additional, Rusyn, Ivan, additional, Schulte, Paul A., additional, Simeonov, Anton, additional, Smith, Martyn T., additional, Thayer, Kristina A., additional, Thomas, Russell S., additional, Thomas, Reuben, additional, Tice, Raymond R., additional, Vandenberg, John J., additional, Villeneuve, Daniel L., additional, Wesselkamper, Scott, additional, Whelan, Maurice, additional, Whittaker, Christine, additional, White, Ronald, additional, Xia, Menghang, additional, Yauk, Carole, additional, Zeise, Lauren, additional, Zhao, Jay, additional, and DeWoskin, Robert S., additional

Published
2016
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