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5. Tumor-infiltrating mast cells are associated with resistance to anti-PD-1 therapy.

Author

Somasundaram, Rajasekharan, Connelly, Thomas, Choi, Robin, Choi, Hyeree, Samarkina, Anastasia, Li, Ling, Gregorio, Elizabeth, Chen, Yeqing, Thakur, Rohit, Abdel-Mohsen, Mohamed, Beqiri, Marilda, Kiernan, Meaghan, Perego, Michela, Wang, Fang, Xiao, Min, Brafford, Patricia, Yang, Xue, Xu, Xiaowei, Secreto, Anthony, Danet-Desnoyers, Gwenn, Traum, Daniel, Kaestner, Klaus H, Huang, Alexander C, Hristova, Denitsa, Wang, Joshua, Fukunaga-Kalabis, Mizuho, Krepler, Clemens, Ping-Chen, Fang, Zhou, Xiangyang, Gutierrez, Alexis, Rebecca, Vito W, Vonteddu, Prashanthi, Dotiwala, Farokh, Bala, Shashi, Majumdar, Sonali, Dweep, Harsh, Wickramasinghe, Jayamanna, Kossenkov, Andrew V, Reyes-Arbujas, Jorge, Santiago, Kenisha, Nguyen, Tran, Griss, Johannes, Keeney, Frederick, Hayden, James, Gavin, Brian J, Weiner, David, Montaner, Luis J, Liu, Qin, Peiffer, Lukas, Becker, Jürgen, Burton, Elizabeth M, Davies, Michael A, Tetzlaff, Michael T, Muthumani, Kar, Wargo, Jennifer A, Gabrilovich, Dmitry, and Herlyn, Meenhard

Subjects
B-Lymphocytes, T-Lymphocytes, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, Mast Cells, Animals, Mice, Transgenic, Humans, Melanoma, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor, Sunitinib, Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Abstract

Anti-PD-1 therapy is used as a front-line treatment for many cancers, but mechanistic insight into this therapy resistance is still lacking. Here we generate a humanized (Hu)-mouse melanoma model by injecting fetal liver-derived CD34+ cells and implanting autologous thymus in immune-deficient NOD-scid IL2Rγnull (NSG) mice. Reconstituted Hu-mice are challenged with HLA-matched melanomas and treated with anti-PD-1, which results in restricted tumor growth but not complete regression. Tumor RNA-seq, multiplexed imaging and immunohistology staining show high expression of chemokines, as well as recruitment of FOXP3+ Treg and mast cells, in selective tumor regions. Reduced HLA-class I expression and CD8+/Granz B+ T cells homeostasis are observed in tumor regions where FOXP3+ Treg and mast cells co-localize, with such features associated with resistance to anti-PD-1 treatment. Combining anti-PD-1 with sunitinib or imatinib results in the depletion of mast cells and complete regression of tumors. Our results thus implicate mast cell depletion for improving the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy.

Published
2021

10. Lipin 2/3 phosphatidic acid phosphatases maintain phospholipid homeostasis to regulate chylomicron synthesis

Author

Zhang, Peixiang, Csaki, Lauren S, Ronquillo, Emilio, Baufeld, Lynn J, Lin, Jason Y, Gutierrez, Alexis, Dwyer, Jennifer R, Brindley, David N, Fong, Loren G, Tontonoz, Peter, Young, Stephen G, and Reue, Karen

Subjects
Digestive Diseases, Animals, Apolipoprotein B-48, Chylomicrons, Enterocytes, Female, Homeostasis, Lipid Droplets, Male, Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Phosphatidate Phosphatase, Phospholipids, Triglycerides, Lipoproteins, Metabolism, Mouse models, Medical and Health Sciences, Immunology
Abstract

The lipin phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP) enzymes are required for triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis from glycerol 3-phosphate in most mammalian tissues. The 3 lipin proteins (lipin 1, lipin 2, and lipin 3) each have PAP activity, but have distinct tissue distributions, with lipin 1 being the predominant PAP enzyme in many metabolic tissues. One exception is the small intestine, which is unique in expressing exclusively lipin 2 and lipin 3. TAG synthesis in small intestinal enterocytes utilizes 2-monoacylglycerol and does not require the PAP reaction, making the role of lipin proteins in enterocytes unclear. Enterocyte TAGs are stored transiently as cytosolic lipid droplets or incorporated into lipoproteins (chylomicrons) for secretion. We determined that lipin enzymes are critical for chylomicron biogenesis, through regulation of membrane phospholipid composition and association of apolipoprotein B48 with nascent chylomicron particles. Lipin 2/3 deficiency caused phosphatidic acid accumulation and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation, which were associated with enhanced protein levels of a key phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme (CTP:phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase α) and altered membrane phospholipid composition. Impaired chylomicron synthesis in lipin 2/3 deficiency could be rescued by normalizing phospholipid synthesis levels. These data implicate lipin 2/3 as a control point for enterocyte phospholipid homeostasis and chylomicron biogenesis.

Published
2019

22. A Comparison of Methamphetamine Users to a Matched NHANES Cohort: Propensity Score Analyses for Oral Health Care and Dental Service Need

Author

Murphy, Debra A, Harrell, Lauren, Fintzy, Rachel, Belin, Thomas R, Gutierrez, Alexis, Vitero, Steven J, and Shetty, Vivek

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Health Services and Systems, Health Sciences, Psychology, Infectious Diseases, Health Services, Prevention, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Methamphetamine, HIV/AIDS, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Substance Misuse, Clinical Research, Behavioral and Social Science, Nutrition, 8.1 Organisation and delivery of services, Health and social care services research, Oral and gastrointestinal, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Female, Health Services Needs and Demand, Humans, Male, Mouth Diseases, Nutrition Surveys, Oral Health, Propensity Score, Quality of Life, Young Adult, Public Health and Health Services, Social Work, Psychiatry, Health services and systems, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Dental problems are among the most frequently reported health issues of drug users. This study describes, among the largest population of methamphetamine (MA) users to date (N = 459, including both HIV-negative and HIV-positive participants) oral hygiene practice, dental care access, and dental quality of life. A matched control group from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was utilized. Findings conclusively establish that MA users have severe oral health deficits compared to the general population: they are 3.5 times more likely to experience painful toothaches, 6.6 times to experience difficulty eating, and 8.6 times to be self-conscious due to dental appearance. HIV-positive users were more likely to have regular dental visits than HIV-negative users. Severity of use (both high-frequency use as well as injection as the method) was associated with poorer oral health care. Despite the magnitude of the need, few MA users receive the needed care.

Published
2016

23. Dental disease patterns in methamphetamine users Findings in a large urban sample

Author

Shetty, Vivek, Harrell, Lauren, Murphy, Debra A, Vitero, Steven, Gutierrez, Alexis, Belin, Thomas R, Dye, Bruce A, and Spolsky, Vladimir W

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Dentistry, Prevention, Methamphetamine, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Infectious Diseases, Substance Misuse, Clinical Research, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Oral and gastrointestinal, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dental Caries, Female, Humans, Los Angeles, Male, Periodontal Diseases, Smoking, Tooth Diseases, Tooth Loss, Urban Population, Dental disease, methamphetamine use, patterns, severity
Abstract

BackgroundThe authors used a large community sample of methamphetamine (MA) users to verify the patterns and severity of dental disease and establish a hierarchy of caries susceptibility by tooth type and tooth surface.MethodsUsing a stratified sampling approach, 571 MA users received comprehensive oral examinations and psychosocial assessments. Three calibrated dentists characterized dental and periodontal disease by using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey protocols. The authors also collected data on substance use history and other attributes linked to dental disease.ResultsOn all dental outcome measures, MA users evidenced high dental and periodontal disease, with older (≥ 30 years) and moderate or heavy MA users disproportionately affected. Women had higher rates of tooth loss and caries, as well as a greater prevalence of anterior caries. Current cigarette smokers were more likely to manifest 5 or more anterior surfaces with untreated caries and 3 or more teeth with root caries. Nearly 3% were edentulous, and a significant percentage (40%) indicated embarrassment with their dental appearance.ConclusionsMA users have high rates of dental and periodontal disease and manifest a dose-response relationship, with greater levels of MA use associated with higher rates of dental disease. Women and current cigarette smokers are affected disproportionately. The intraoral patterns and hierarchy of caries susceptibility in MA users are distinctive.Practical implicationsThe prevalence and patterns of dental and periodontal disease could be used to alert dentists to possible covert MA use and to plan treatment. Concerns about dental appearance have potential as triggers for behavioral interventions.

Published
2015

28. Intraoperative Hypotension Is Not Correlated With Acute Kidney Injury During Spinal Fusion Surgery

Author

Blue, Rachel, Gutierrez, Alexis, Ahmad, Hasan S., Alexis, Maya, Kumar, Rachit, Spadola, Michael, Wathen, Connor, Weinstein, Mitchell, and Petrov, Dmitriy

Subjects
Complications, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Surgery
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) has been found to be associated with organ damage, including cardiac injury and acute kidney injury (AKI). However, to our knowledge, this relationship has not been studied in a neurosurgery-specific patient population. In this report, we review our institutional experience to understand the magnitude of association between IOH in spinal fusion operations and incidence of postoperative AKI. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 910 patients who underwent posterior spinal fusion procedures performed in the prone position. Intraoperative variables collected and analyzed include minute-by-minute mean arterial pressure (MAP) from an arterial catheter, intermittent blood pressure cuff readings, volume of administered intravenous fluids, urine output, and all relevant vitals and administered medications. The electronic medical record was queried for additional patient data. IOH was defined as MAP 10 minutes, and total IOH time) and any outcome metrics, including AKI, except for vasopressor usage and estimated blood loss. Patient age at surgery was not associated with any outcome variables. The lack of association between IOH and AKI contrasts with existing literature; this could be due to underlying differences in our patient population or could highlight a more complex relationship between IOH and AKI than previously understood. CONCLUSION: Occurrence and duration of IOH were not associated with AKI, postoperative ileus, troponin leak, length of stay, or any other major outcome variables in spinal fusion patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: These findings depart from previous literature showing a correlation between IOH and AKI and provide level 3 evidence clinically relevant to spinal surgery. Further research is needed to better understand the exact nature of this relationship. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

Published
2022

30. Data from Neural Crest-Like Stem Cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies LPAR1 in Melanoma Progression and Therapy Resistance

Author

Liu, Jianglan, primary, Rebecca, Vito W., primary, Kossenkov, Andrew V., primary, Connelly, Thomas, primary, Liu, Qin, primary, Gutierrez, Alexis, primary, Xiao, Min, primary, Li, Ling, primary, Zhang, Gao, primary, Samarkina, Anastasia, primary, Zayasbazan, Delaine, primary, Zhang, Jie, primary, Cheng, Chaoran, primary, Wei, Zhi, primary, Alicea, Gretchen M., primary, Fukunaga-Kalabis, Mizuho, primary, Krepler, Clemens, primary, Aza-Blanc, Pedro, primary, Yang, Chih-Cheng, primary, Delvadia, Bela, primary, Tong, Cynthia, primary, Huang, Ye, primary, Delvadia, Maya, primary, Morias, Alice S., primary, Sproesser, Katrin, primary, Brafford, Patricia, primary, Wang, Joshua X., primary, Beqiri, Marilda, primary, Somasundaram, Rajasekharan, primary, Vultur, Adina, primary, Hristova, Denitsa M., primary, Wu, Lawrence W., primary, Lu, Yiling, primary, Mills, Gordon B., primary, Xu, Wei, primary, Karakousis, Giorgos C., primary, Xu, Xiaowei, primary, Schuchter, Lynn M., primary, Mitchell, Tara C., primary, Amaravadi, Ravi K., primary, Kwong, Lawrence N., primary, Frederick, Dennie T., primary, Boland, Genevieve M., primary, Salvino, Joseph M., primary, Speicher, David W., primary, Flaherty, Keith T., primary, Ronai, Ze'ev A., primary, and Herlyn, Meenhard, primary

Published
2023
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31. Table S5 from Neural Crest-Like Stem Cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies LPAR1 in Melanoma Progression and Therapy Resistance

Author

Liu, Jianglan, primary, Rebecca, Vito W., primary, Kossenkov, Andrew V., primary, Connelly, Thomas, primary, Liu, Qin, primary, Gutierrez, Alexis, primary, Xiao, Min, primary, Li, Ling, primary, Zhang, Gao, primary, Samarkina, Anastasia, primary, Zayasbazan, Delaine, primary, Zhang, Jie, primary, Cheng, Chaoran, primary, Wei, Zhi, primary, Alicea, Gretchen M., primary, Fukunaga-Kalabis, Mizuho, primary, Krepler, Clemens, primary, Aza-Blanc, Pedro, primary, Yang, Chih-Cheng, primary, Delvadia, Bela, primary, Tong, Cynthia, primary, Huang, Ye, primary, Delvadia, Maya, primary, Morias, Alice S., primary, Sproesser, Katrin, primary, Brafford, Patricia, primary, Wang, Joshua X., primary, Beqiri, Marilda, primary, Somasundaram, Rajasekharan, primary, Vultur, Adina, primary, Hristova, Denitsa M., primary, Wu, Lawrence W., primary, Lu, Yiling, primary, Mills, Gordon B., primary, Xu, Wei, primary, Karakousis, Giorgos C., primary, Xu, Xiaowei, primary, Schuchter, Lynn M., primary, Mitchell, Tara C., primary, Amaravadi, Ravi K., primary, Kwong, Lawrence N., primary, Frederick, Dennie T., primary, Boland, Genevieve M., primary, Salvino, Joseph M., primary, Speicher, David W., primary, Flaherty, Keith T., primary, Ronai, Ze'ev A., primary, and Herlyn, Meenhard, primary

Published
2023
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32. Supplementary Figures from Neural Crest-Like Stem Cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies LPAR1 in Melanoma Progression and Therapy Resistance

Author

Liu, Jianglan, primary, Rebecca, Vito W., primary, Kossenkov, Andrew V., primary, Connelly, Thomas, primary, Liu, Qin, primary, Gutierrez, Alexis, primary, Xiao, Min, primary, Li, Ling, primary, Zhang, Gao, primary, Samarkina, Anastasia, primary, Zayasbazan, Delaine, primary, Zhang, Jie, primary, Cheng, Chaoran, primary, Wei, Zhi, primary, Alicea, Gretchen M., primary, Fukunaga-Kalabis, Mizuho, primary, Krepler, Clemens, primary, Aza-Blanc, Pedro, primary, Yang, Chih-Cheng, primary, Delvadia, Bela, primary, Tong, Cynthia, primary, Huang, Ye, primary, Delvadia, Maya, primary, Morias, Alice S., primary, Sproesser, Katrin, primary, Brafford, Patricia, primary, Wang, Joshua X., primary, Beqiri, Marilda, primary, Somasundaram, Rajasekharan, primary, Vultur, Adina, primary, Hristova, Denitsa M., primary, Wu, Lawrence W., primary, Lu, Yiling, primary, Mills, Gordon B., primary, Xu, Wei, primary, Karakousis, Giorgos C., primary, Xu, Xiaowei, primary, Schuchter, Lynn M., primary, Mitchell, Tara C., primary, Amaravadi, Ravi K., primary, Kwong, Lawrence N., primary, Frederick, Dennie T., primary, Boland, Genevieve M., primary, Salvino, Joseph M., primary, Speicher, David W., primary, Flaherty, Keith T., primary, Ronai, Ze'ev A., primary, and Herlyn, Meenhard, primary

Published
2023
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36. Investigating Physical Processes Leading to Sinkhole Occurrence in Val d’Orléans (France)

Author

Perrin, Jérôme, primary, Pasquier, Sylvain, additional, Gutierrez, Alexis, additional, Salquèbre, Damien, additional, Vandoudheusden, Emilie, additional, Joigneaux, Emmanuelle, additional, Château, Christophe, additional, Guirimand-Dufour, Audrey, additional, Jozja, Nevila, additional, Défarge, Christian, additional, and Binet, Stéphane, additional

Published
2017
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37. Maintaining neglected tropical disease programmes during pandemics

Author

Alswang, Jared M., Gutierrez, Alexis L., Sadler, Samantha J., and Norheim, Ole F.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Care and treatment, Communicable diseases -- Care and treatment, Public health, Health, World Health Organization
Abstract

Neglected tropical diseases comprise 20 communicable diseases of different pathogenic origins endemic to tropical and subtropical regions. These diseases disproportionately affect the world's poorest and most marginalized populations. (1) The [...]

Published
2021
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40. Neural Crest-Like Stem Cell Transcriptome Analysis Identifies LPAR1 in Melanoma Progression and Therapy Resistance

Author

Liu, Jianglan, primary, Rebecca, Vito W., additional, Kossenkov, Andrew V., additional, Connelly, Thomas, additional, Liu, Qin, additional, Gutierrez, Alexis, additional, Xiao, Min, additional, Li, Ling, additional, Zhang, Gao, additional, Samarkina, Anastasia, additional, Zayasbazan, Delaine, additional, Zhang, Jie, additional, Cheng, Chaoran, additional, Wei, Zhi, additional, Alicea, Gretchen M., additional, Fukunaga-Kalabis, Mizuho, additional, Krepler, Clemens, additional, Aza-Blanc, Pedro, additional, Yang, Chih-Cheng, additional, Delvadia, Bela, additional, Tong, Cynthia, additional, Huang, Ye, additional, Delvadia, Maya, additional, Morias, Alice S., additional, Sproesser, Katrin, additional, Brafford, Patricia, additional, Wang, Joshua X., additional, Beqiri, Marilda, additional, Somasundaram, Rajasekharan, additional, Vultur, Adina, additional, Hristova, Denitsa M., additional, Wu, Lawrence W., additional, Lu, Yiling, additional, Mills, Gordon B., additional, Xu, Wei, additional, Karakousis, Giorgos C., additional, Xu, Xiaowei, additional, Schuchter, Lynn M., additional, Mitchell, Tara C., additional, Amaravadi, Ravi K., additional, Kwong, Lawrence N., additional, Frederick, Dennie T., additional, Boland, Genevieve M., additional, Salvino, Joseph M., additional, Speicher, David W., additional, Flaherty, Keith T., additional, Ronai, Ze'ev A., additional, and Herlyn, Meenhard, additional

Published
2021
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42. Soda Consumption Among Methamphetamine Users in the USA: Impact on Oral Health.

Author

Murphy, Debra A., Harrell, Lauren, Fintzy, Rachel, Vitero, Steven, Gutierrez, Alexis, and Shetty, Vivek

Subjects
SOFT drinks, BEVERAGE consumption, METHAMPHETAMINE abuse, ORAL hygiene, MOUTH examination, DENTAL clinics, STATISTICS on Black people, STATISTICS on Hispanic Americans, CARBONATED beverages, METHAMPHETAMINE, PERIODONTAL disease, RESEARCH funding, SELF-evaluation, SUBSTANCE abuse, DENTAL pathology, WHITE people, CENTRAL nervous system stimulants, XEROSTOMIA
Abstract

Purpose: Dental disease is associated with methamphetamine (MA) use and partly attributed to excessive consumption of sugared sodas. Hence, the purpose of this study was to verify patterns of sugared soda intake and their relationship to oral health.Materials and Methods: Detailed assessments with 541 MA users at two dental clinics were conducted. Assessment included a lifetime history of methamphetamine use, sugared soda consumption and a dental exam.Results: Subjects were predominantly male (80.8%; mean age 44.4 years), on average had used MA for 11.6 years and drank an average of 35.3 sodas per month. Number of days of MA use over the past 30 days was significantly associated with soda consumption. Increased years of MA use was associated with the likelihood of users reporting less overall satisfaction with life because of their teeth, specifically difficulty eating, and dry mouth. This is the first study to show a statistically significant association between MA use and sugared soda consumption.Conclusions: MA users' consumption of sugared sodas is higher than in the adult general population, and this is the first study to show a statistically significant association between MA use and sugared soda consumption. In addition, increased soda consumption was associated with more dental problems among MA users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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43. Datos que respaldan la evaluación de la electricidad basada en biomasa y la reducción de emisiones de ghg en Cuba

Author

Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis, Cabello Eras, Juan Jose, and Vandecasteele A., Carlo H.

Subjects
Data, Datos, Materiales y métodos, Materials and methods
Abstract

Assessing the biomass based electricity potential of developing nations like Cuba can help to reduce the fossil fuels dependency and the greenhouse gas emissions. The data included in this study present the evolution of electricity production and greenhouse gas emissions in Cuba. Additionally, the potentialities to produce biomass based electricity by using the most significant biomass sources in Cuba are estimated. Furthermore, estimations of the potential reductions of greenhouse gas emissions, resulting from implementing the biomass based electricity potential of the different sources discussed in the study, are included. Results point to the most promising biomass sources for electricity generation and their potential to reduce GHG emissions Evaluar el potencial eléctrico de biomasa basado en el desarrollo Naciones como Cuba pueden ayudar a reducir la dependencia de los combustibles fósiles. y las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Los datos incluidos en este estudio. Presentar la evolución de la producción de electricidad y gases de efecto invernadero. Emisiones en cuba. Además, las potencialidades para producir electricidad basada en biomasa utilizando la biomasa más significativa Se estiman fuentes en cuba. Además, las estimaciones de la reducciones potenciales de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, Se incluye la implementación del potencial eléctrico basado en biomasa de las diferentes fuentes discutidas en el estudio. Los resultados apuntan a Las fuentes de biomasa más prometedoras para la generación de electricidad y Su potencial para reducir las emisiones de GEI.

Published
2018

48. Lipin 2/3 phosphatidic acid phosphatases maintain phospholipid homeostasis to regulate chylomicron synthesis

Author

Zhang, Peixiang, primary, Csaki, Lauren S., additional, Ronquillo, Emilio, additional, Baufeld, Lynn J., additional, Lin, Jason Y., additional, Gutierrez, Alexis, additional, Dwyer, Jennifer R., additional, Brindley, David N., additional, Fong, Loren G., additional, Tontonoz, Peter, additional, Young, Stephen G., additional, and Reue, Karen, additional

Published
2018
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49. The biomass based electricity generation potential of the Province of Cienfuegos, Cuba

Author

Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis, Cabello Eras, Juan Jose, Hens, Luc M.A, and Vandecasteele A., Carlo H.

Subjects
Bioelectricity, Sugar industry, Bioenergy, Biomass
Abstract

By 2013, the province of Cienfuegos in Cuba consumed about 5165 GWh of primary energy, of which an estimated 60 % was used to produce 767 GWh of electricity. 29 % of the primary energy was obtained from renewable fuel, and only less than 5 % of the biomass energy, was used to produce about 27 GWh of biomass based electricity. This study proposes and assesses opportunities to produce electricity from biomass in the sugar industry of the province. The scenarios considered include: upgrading the agricultural yield of sugarcane, producing energy cane and combusting it after the sugarcane milling season, combusting the filter cake, combusting marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea, a bush tree considered a plague in Cuba) after the sugarcane milling season, and updating the electricity generation technology. Results are given for the different scenarios and it is shown that a combined scenario, including upgrading agricultural yield of sugarcane, upgrading electricity generation technology, combusting filter cake, and producing energy cane to generate electricity after the sugarcane milling season, thus allowing to use the generation units in sugar factories during 8000 h per year affords a potential production of 1150 GWh of electricity, 50 % more than consumed in Cienfuegos province in 2013. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht.

Published
2017

50. Interacción universidad-industria en la producción más limpia. El caso del centro de producción más limpia en la universidad de cienfuegos en cuba, un país en transición

Author

Hens, Luc M. A, Cabello Eras, Juan Jose, Sagastume Gutierrez, Alexis, García Lorenzo, Dunia, Cogollos Martínez, Juan B., and Vandecasteele A., Carlo H.

Subjects
University, Universidad, Country in transition, North–South university collaboration, Cuba, Centro de producción más limpio, Colaboración universidad norte-sur, Cleaner production center, País en transición
Abstract

Universities are key stakeholders in teaching, researching and supporting the implementation of cleaner production activities. This case study discusses the experience of establishing and operating the Cleaner Production Center at the University of Cienfuegos (Cuba). Establishing, starting-up and running the center during its first four years of activity was supported by two projects targeted to inter-university cooperation. The collaboration allowed to establish a master program on cleaner production which acts as a bridge between the university, and the production industry and the services sector in the province of Cienfuegos. Currently 32 students from the first two promotions graduated and the program of two other promotions is ongoing. The master thesis research works are defined improving the environmental performance of the companies or organizations the student originate from. This results in a measurable improvement of the air and surface water quality in Cienfuegos city. An estimated yearly reduction of the emission of 60,000 ton of carbon dioxide equivalents and of 400 MWh at a cement plant have been realized. Research activities currently target the pollution inventory of Cienfuegos, energy production from local biomass, and establishing indicators for sustainable development for Cienfuegos. The inter-university collaboration resulted in several publications in international peer reviewed journals. The successful inter-university North–South collaboration between Cuba and Belgium, targeted at capacity building, transfer of experience and expertise, proved to be most crucial during these first years the center was active. It allowed generating the necessary funds which are often difficult to raise in developing countries. Therefore this is a unique case of building academic experience on cleaner production. Las universidades son partes interesadas clave en la enseñanza, la investigación y el apoyo a la implementación de actividades de producción más limpia. Este estudio de caso analiza la experiencia de establecer y operar el Centro de Producción más Limpia en la Universidad de Cienfuegos (Cuba). El establecimiento, la puesta en marcha y el funcionamiento del centro durante sus primeros cuatro años de actividad se apoyaron en dos proyectos orientados a la cooperación interuniversitaria. La colaboración permitió establecer un programa maestro sobre producción más limpia que actúa como un puente entre la universidad, la industria de producción y el sector de servicios en la provincia de Cienfuegos. Actualmente, 32 estudiantes de las dos primeras promociones se graduaron y el programa de otras dos promociones está en curso. Los trabajos de investigación de tesis de maestría se definen mejorando el desempeño ambiental de las compañías u organizaciones de las que se originan los estudiantes. Esto resulta en una mejora medible de la calidad del aire y del agua superficial en la ciudad de Cienfuegos. Se ha realizado una reducción anual estimada de la emisión de 60,000 toneladas de equivalentes de dióxido de carbono y de 400 MWh en una planta de cemento. Las actividades de investigación apuntan actualmente al inventario de contaminación de Cienfuegos, la producción de energía a partir de biomasa local y el establecimiento de indicadores para el desarrollo sostenible de Cienfuegos. La colaboración interuniversitaria dio lugar a varias publicaciones en revistas internacionales revisadas por pares. La exitosa colaboración interuniversitaria Norte-Sur entre Cuba y Bélgica, enfocada en el desarrollo de capacidades, la transferencia de experiencia y experiencia, demostró ser crucial durante estos primeros años en que el centro estuvo activo. Permitió generar los fondos necesarios que a menudo son difíciles de recaudar en los países en desarrollo. Por lo tanto, este es un caso único de construcción de experiencia académica en producción más limpia.

Published
2017

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