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Cereal-derived proteins account for a major part of human dietary protein consumption. Natural bioactive peptides (NBPs) from these proteins involve a variety of physiological activities and play an important role in the promotion of human health. This review focuses on the characteristics of NBPs obtained from cereals, and the commonly used methods for preparation, separation, purification, and identification. We also discussed the biological functions of cereal-derived NBPs (CNBPs), including the activities of antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and regulation of hyperglycaemia and hypertension. The paper summarised the latest progress in the research and application of CNBPs and analysed the prospects for the development and application of several protein by-products, providing an important way to improve the added value of protein by-products in cereal processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the epitaxial growth process of diamond heat sinks, nitrogen impurities are usually unintentionally introduced, which impact on the thermal conductivity. Therefore, the effect of nitrogen doping on the thermal conductivity of diamond heat sink is studied in this paper. The change of thermal conductivity conforms to the K = CT−1+A(B1/T)T5/2, which is attributed to the synergistic effects of phonons and carriers. With the increase of the nitrogen concentration, the downward trend of thermal conductivity gradually flattened and began to show a weak upward trend. This phenomenon is attributed to the anharmonic effect of lattice vibration rather than an increase in the number of conduction electrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diamond has the advantages of excellent thermal conductivity, and it is the material with the largest thermal conductivity currently known, which makes it the ideal heat sink. However, in the process of processing or as a heat sink for electronic devices, diamond is often exposed to a high-frequency, high-voltage, high-temperature, and high-energy environment, which has greatly affected the performance of diamonds. Therefore, in this paper, it systematically explores the influence of near threshold energy electron irradiation and annealing at different temperatures on the thermal conductivity of IIa diamond by the method of laser excited Raman spectroscopy. The results show that before 900 °C annealing, the main factor affecting thermal conductivity in IIa diamond is the large number of vacancy defects caused by near threshold energy electron irradiation. The irradiation and annealing both affect the thermal conductivity by controlling the vacancy defects concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal conductivity of IIa diamond from low temperature (80 K) to room temperature was studied by laser-excited Raman spectroscopy. The laser has two complementary effects, one performing the Raman spectrum and the other resulting in the local heating on the surface of diamond. With the increase in measurement temperature on the surface of IIa diamond, the Raman peak shifts to the low energy side together with intensity quenching due to the strong electron–phonon coupling and lattice expansion, and the thermal conductivity of IIa diamond decreases as T−1, which is attributed to the creation and the annihilation of phonons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of active aging, this research explores the spatial paradigm of medical and care community and the implementation path of sustainable adaptation to solve the mismatch between supply and demand in the practice of medical and care integration. Firstly, the HBSI theoretical model was constructed based on Maslow's demand-ERG demand theory. Secondly, the study uses NVivo qualitative analysis and SPSS to analyze the multidimensional needs of the healthcare population for community space and services. Then, based on KANO model, the hierarchy of complex needs was classified and prioritized to achieve spatial fitting and control inference. Finally, a supply strategy was constructed to promote multidimensional health of users, realizing harmonious transformation of epidemic control and sustainable adaptation to changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deposition of a consistent diamond coating on intricate surfaces has historically posed a difficulty. This article presents the advancement in research on depositing a uniform diamond coating on three-dimensional (3D) silicon spheres, utilizing a faraday cage within a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) reactor. A self-consistent three-dimensional multi-physics field model has been established for simulating the microwave electric field and plasma inside a reactor with or without a faraday cage. Results indicate the cage effectively reduces the discharge at the top of the silicon sphere and improves uniformity of the distribution of the microwave electric field and plasma electron density on the sphere's surface. MPCVD trials have demonstrated that a powerful discharge takes place at the apex of the silicon sphere resulting in an excessive thermal gradient if the cage is not added. The apex of the silicon sphere is covered with a blend of diamond and graphite phases. Due to the excessive internal stress of the coating, approximately 50 % of the samples experience coating detachment. After the addition of the cage, the strong discharge is transferred to the top of the cage, effectively suppressing the microwave electric field and plasma inside the cage. Improved quality, reduced internal stress, and enhanced uniformity of the polycrystalline diamond coating are achievable on the silicon spheres within the cage. Moreover, this technique offers a novel approach to coat diamond on complex 3D geometries. [Display omitted] • Three-dimensional multi-physics modeling verifies that faraday cage suppresses microwave electric field and plasma. • The Faraday cage improves the uniformity of the distribution of microwave electric fields and plasma in the internal space. • Uniform, high crystal quality, low stress diamond coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spontaneous life-threatening hemopneumothorax is an atypical but treatable entity of unexpected circulatory collapse in young patients, affecting 0.5-11.6% of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Spontaneous pneumothorax is a well-documented disorder with a classic clinical presentation of acute onset chest pain and shortness of breath. This disorder might be complicated by the development of hemopneumothorax or tension pneumothorax.Case Presentation: A 23-year-old Asian man was referred to the emergency room of Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital with a 1-day history of right-sided chest pain that had been aggravated for 1 hour. A physical examination revealed a young man who was awake and alert but in mild to moderate painful distress. His vital parameters were relatively stable at first. The examining physician noted slight tenderness along the right posterolateral chest wall along the eighth and tenth ribs. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax was considered, and a standing chest X-ray confirmed the diagnosis. A right thoracostomy tube was immediately placed under sterile conditions, and he was referred to the respiratory service. While in the respiratory department, approximately 420 mL of blood was drained from the thoracostomy tube over 15 minutes. Our patient developed obvious hemodynamic instability with hypovolemic shock and was subsequently admitted to the cardiothoracic surgical ward after fluid resuscitation. During the ensuing 4 hours after admission, 750 mL of blood was drained through the thoracostomy tube. A bedside chest X-ray was requested after he was temporarily hemodynamically stabilized. Primary spontaneous hemopneumothorax associated with right tension pneumothorax was considered based on the radiological impression and clinical signs. An emergency limited posterolateral thoracotomy was performed. A standing chest X-ray performed on day 6 of admission after the removal of the thoracostomy tube showed a complete re-expansion of his right lung. He remained stable and was discharged within 1 week.Conclusions: The successful treatment of a large spontaneous hemopneumothorax depends on early recognition, proactive intervention, and early consideration by a cardiothoracic surgeon. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, early thoracotomy should be considered. Such an aggressive surgery not only leads to shorter hospitalization but also confers better long-term outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Secukinumab, the first interleukin 17A inhibitor, is widely used to treat immune diseases, including plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Recently, many studies have reported adverse events associated with secukinumab, including gastrointestinal disorders, infections and infestations, and hypersensitive and nervous system disorders. Objective: Here, we aimed to explore the clinical characteristics, outcomes and time to onset of the four main toxicities of secukinumab using post‐marketing data. Methods: Our study utilized data from the United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from 2015 to 2021, using disproportionality analysis. Toxicities were defined based on the standardized Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities queries. Two disproportionality methods were used to detect potential signals: information component (IC) and reporting odds ratio (ROR). The signals were defined as ROR025 > 1 and IC025 > 0. Results: A total of 73 945 398 records were included in this study, of which 300 665 records were related to secukinumab. Diarrhoea (N = 3538), nasopharyngitis (N = 3458), pruritus (N = 4277) and rash (N = 3270) were the most common adverse events. Inflammatory bowel disease (IC025/ROR025 = 3.25/9.69), genital candidiasis (IC025/ROR025 = 3.46/11.54), dermatitis psoriasiform (IC025/ROR025 = 1.94/4.04) and anosmia (IC025/ROR025 = 1.62/3.17) had the highest IC025 values of all toxicities. The time to onset of the four toxicities was mainly concentrated in the first month. Some patients simultaneously presented with two or more toxicities. Conclusion: This pharmacovigilance study systematically explored the four main toxicities of secukinumab and provided new safety signals based on past safety information. Some high‐risk signals need to be given attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although ibrutinib has been widely used to treat haematological malignancies, many studies have reported associated cardiovascular events. These studies were primarily animal experiments and clinical trials. For more rational clinical drug use, a study based on post-marketing data is necessary. Aim: Based on post-marketing data, we investigated the clinical features, time to onset, and outcomes of potential cardiovascular toxicities of ibrutinib. Methods: This disproportionality study utilised data from the 2014–2021 United States Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. We used two disproportionality methods information component (IC) and reporting odds ratio (ROR)) to detect the potential cardiovascular toxicities of ibrutinib. Positive signals were defined as IC025 > 0 and ROR025 > 1. Results: A total of 10 cardiovascular events showed positive signals: supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, haemorrhagic central nervous system vascular conditions, ventricular tachyarrhythmias, cardiac failure, ischaemic central nervous system vascular conditions, cardiomyopathy, conduction defects, myocardial infarction, myocardial infarction disorders of sinus node function, and torsade de pointes/QT prolongation. Cardiomyopathy and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias were the two most common signals. Disorders of sinus node function were observed for the first time, which may be a new adverse effect of ibrutinib. Conclusions: This pharmacovigilance study systematically explored the adverse cardiovascular events of ibrutinib and provided new safety signals based on past safety information. Attention should be paid to some high-risk signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The correspondence between BIM and construction instances is crucial to construction management. However, spatial deviation and geometric heterogeneity between BIM and construction point clouds pose great challenges. This paper establishes high-dimensional point cloud feature tensor to devise a point cloud semantic segmentation network and an incremental point-to-point correspondence estimation strategy against spatial deviation and geometric heterogeneity. In the construction of the stadium for the 31st Summer World University Games, the method achieved semantic segmentation accuracy (OA) of 93.8% - 99.9% and reduced BIM-and-construction correspondence error from 16 cm to 3 cm, and automatically documented four-phase construction progresses of 38 317 instances with progress monitoring error of 1%. These results demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method in BIM-to-construction semantic transfer and BIM-and-construction instance correspondence for large complex buildings. Future research will design transfer learning networks to achieve fully BIM-driven semantic understanding and knowledge mining for intelligent construction. • A High-Dimension point cloud Feature Tensor (HDFT) is designed to describe heterogeneous point clouds. • HDFT embedded semantic segmentation network is particularly developed for cross-source point clouds. • Point-to-point correspondence strategy is devised based on HDFT to overcome geometric heterogeneity. • Point correspondences between BIM and construction are effective for construction progress monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To explore and describe the adverse reaction signals in the safety reporting for alpelisib. Methods: We performed a disproportionality analysis of the World Health Organization's VigiBase pharmacovigilance database from 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2021. Disproportionality analysis by information components (ICs) were used to evaluate the potential association between adverse events (AEs) and alpelisib. Results: A total of 33 327 reports were extracted, 5695 of them were chosen with alpelisib as the suspected drug. After combining the same ID, 687 cases remained. The 45–64‐years group had the most cases (n = 203, 29.55%). There were 129 Preferred Terms with significant signals. Hyperglycaemia (IC025 = 6.74), breast cancer metastatic (IC025 = 5.85) and metastases to liver (IC025 = 4.70) were the AEs with the strongest signal. AEs with the most cases were hyperglycaemia (n = 595), rash (n = 535) and diarrhoea (n = 475). Conclusion: We established a comprehensive list of AEs potentially associated with alpelisib. AEs with the most significant signals were hyperglycaemia, breast cancer metastatic, metastases to liver. The AEs with the most cases were hyperglycaemia, rash, diarrhoea, blood glucose increase and nausea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A self-consistent multi-physics coupling model including microwave electromagnetic field, plasma field and fluid heat transfer field is established. • CH 4 -H 2 plasma characteristics from 18 to 100 W∙cm−3. • Kinetics of CH 4 -H 2 plasma chemical reaction at high average power density. • High-rate growth of high-quality Φ 60 mm diamond films at high average power density of 100 W∙cm−3. Investigating the mechanism behind the high-efficiency deposition of high-quality diamond has always been a prominent topic in related research. This paper investigates the CH 4 -H 2 plasma characteristics and related chemical reaction kinetics in the average power density range of 18–100 W·cm−3, which is a typical range for large-area diamond film deposition. The number densities of H, CH 3 and C 2 H 2 increase linearly with the average power density. C 2 H 2 is the main hydrocarbon in the discharge, and CH 3 is the main single-carbon hydrocarbon. The number density and radial uniformity of CH 3 and C 2 H 2 increase with the average power density, which is necessary for the high rate and uniform deposition of diamond films. The plasma's optical emission spectra indicate an acceleration in the C 2 production rate at high power density. The diamond film deposition experiment demonstrates the efficacy of high average power density in achieving high-quality diamond deposition at a high growth rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zero-point vibration energy, Gruneisen coefficient, and zero-point vibration pressure of light rare-gas solids (LRGS)(He, Ne, Ar) are calculated within a certain range of atomic spacing using many-body expansion and ab initio calculation methods based on quantum and atomic cluster theories. The results are then compared with the previous theoretical calculations and experimental data. It is concluded that the smaller the molar volume of LRGS, the greater the crystal's zero-point vibration energy and vibration frequency. The zero-point vibration energy of LRGSis only 6% of the total many-body interaction energy but should not be neglected. The Grüneisen coefficient of LRGS increases as the molar volume increases. The zero-point vibration pressure is smaller, which is about 3% of the total pressure. The error caused by the pressure calculation is not significant, but when the molar volume is reduced to a fixed value, the zero-point vibration pressure must be considered and cannot be ignored. In addition, the calculation results of zero-point vibration pressure are compared to the previous theoretical calculations and experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The RMS of B-O co-doped diamond is only 0.16 nm at O 2 /H 2 ratio of 1%. • The FWHM of XRD decreases from 52.6 to 37.0 arcsec by introducing oxygen. • The substitution of oxygen into diamond lattice could inhibit nitrogen related defects. • Well-performed electrical properties of 892 cm2/V·s@4.5 × 1014 cm−3 is obtained. In this work, high quality boron-oxygen co-doped homoepitaxial diamond has been proposed. The morphology of diamond was smooth and flat with the O 2 /H 2 ratios less than 1%. The X-ray diffraction, Photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopy illustrated that the substitution of oxygen into diamond lattice could inhibit nitrogen related defects and improve the crystallinity. The Raman mapping showed that tensile stress were formed from film surface to substrate. Under the O 2 /H 2 ratio of 1%, the mobility of 892 cm2/V·s at boron concentration of 4.7 × 1017 cm−3 were obtained, which showed decent electrical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoluminescence (PL) spectra were employed to study the optical centers generated by the B ion irradiation in Ib diamond. The luminescent spectra with zero phonon lines (ZPLs) centered at 573, 575.8, 637.9, 390.8 nm and the most of the vibronic bands in vicinity of the ZPLs were detected using 532 and 325 nm lasers. The function of spot scan, surface scan and depth scan of Renishaw micro-Raman spectrometers were performed to understand spatial distribution of the resulting high density optical centers at 80 K. Through the spatial distribution of 575.8 and 637.9 nm optical centers, it was found that it's more advantageous to form 575.8 nm optical centers for high density nitrogen diamond irradiated by B ion and subsequent annealing. Based on the principle of electrical neutrality and the degree of lattice distortion, it was proposed that a possible defect evolution process of the B-related optical center. • The ZPLs of 573, 575.8, 637.9 and 390.8 nm were detected in Ib diamond irradiated by B ion. • It's more advantageous to form 575.8 nm centers for Ib diamond irradiated by B ion. • A possible defect evolution process of the B-related optical center was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ferulic acid (FA) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gut microbiota, and its regulation mechanism in ApoE−/− mice fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). Liver morphology, blood lipids, gut microbiota and their metabolite indole-3-acetic acid (I3A) were determined in ApoE-/- mice. We also examined the hepatic expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), which inhibits the expression of fatty acid synthase (FASN) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), and ultimately reduces the deposition of triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in the liver. The results of the animal experiment showed that oral administration of FA markedly alleviated the formation of NAFLD and decreased the levels of serum TC, TG and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Furthermore, FA supplementation altered the composition of gut microbiota, in particular, modulating the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes , and decreased the generation of I3A. Additionally, FA could increase the expression of hepatic AHR and inhibit the expression of FASN and SREBP-1c in the liver. Finally, we found that FA did not have hepatorenal toxicity. The findings above illustrate that FA has the potential to ameliorate NAFLD, some of which are closely related to the modulation of specific gut microbiota and the regulation of genes involved in TG and TC metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]