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Abstract Mushroom poisoning is a public health concern worldwide that not only harms the physical and mental health of those who are poisoned but also increases the medical and financial burden on families and society. The present study aimed to describe and analyze the current situations and factors influencing mushroom poisoning outbreaks in Guizhou province, Southwest China, between January 2012 and June 2022, and to predict the future trends of its occurrence. Our study provides a basis for the rational formulation of prevention and control and medical resource allocation policies for mushroom poisoning. The epidemiological characteristics and factors influencing mushroom poisoning incidence were analyzed using descriptive epidemiological methods and the chi-squared test, respectively. Then, future occurrence trends were predicted using the SARIMA and Prophet models. In total, 1577 mushroom poisoning incidents were recorded in Guizhou Province, with 7347 exposures, 5497 cases, 3654 hospitalizations, and 93 fatalities. The mortality rate was 4.45% in 1 ~ 6 years higher than other age groups. There were notable geographic and seasonal characteristics, with the number of occurrences much higher in rural areas (1198) than in cities (379), and poisoning cases were more common during the rainy season (June to September). The mortality rate of household poisoning cases was 1.86%, with the most deaths occurring in households. Statistically significant differences were observed in the incidence across various cities, periods, and poisoning locations (P 0.9, the residual plot of the prediction results was randomly distributed, and RMSESARIMA

The primer coating technology applicable to a variety of aluminum alloys and steel materials has become a key requirement for the manufacturing of lightweight body for new energy vehicles. In this paper, a study on chemical conversion of metal surfaces based on the titanium/zirconium composite system was carried out on 6061 and 7075 aluminum alloys and galvanized steel. The effects of H2TiF6 concentration, H2ZrF6 concentration and process parameters on the corrosion resistance of the coatings formed on the surfaces of the three metals were investigated through copper sulfate spot experiments, and the corrosion resistance of the coatings was verified by electrochemical testing. Moreover, the scanning electron microscope and the energy spectrometer were employed to observe and analyze the surface morphology and element composition of the conversion coatings. Results showed that after a conversion treatment under the conditions that the H2TiF6 concentration was 1.60～2.00 mL/L, the H2ZrF6 concentration was 0.80～1.30 mL/L, the conversion time was 90 ～ 150 s, the pH value was 3.5 ～ 4.5, and the temperature was 30～40 ℃, these three kinds of metal materials possessed good corrosion resistance. The Jcorr of three metal materials decreased significantly in comparison with that of the blank sample, and the Ecorr of the blank sample was significantly lower than that of the other samples. In addition, the EIS spectrum showed that the film resistance Rct of the three metal materials treated with chemical conversion was significantly higher than that of the blank sample. The differences in the surface microstructure of the samples at different times was observed by SEM, and there were significantly fewer micropores and cracks on the surfaces of 6061 and 7075 aluminum alloys and galvanized steel after a treatment for 120 s.

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Converting CO2 into renewable fuels by solar energy has been considered an ideal strategy to mitigate the climate crisis and address the fossil fuel depletion problem. However, severe charge carrier recombination and sluggish interfacial reaction dynamics make it a challenge to achieve high conversion efficiency. Herein, a unique 2D/2D step-scheme (S-scheme) photocatalyst of Bi2WO6/C3N4 (BWO/CN) is constructed by a facile electrostatic self-assembly strategy. The ultrathin 2D/2D heterostructure endowed the BWO/CN hybrid with abundant contact interfaces, short charge-transport distance, and relatively more accessible reaction sites. Besides, the differences of work function between CN and BWO induced the formation of a built-in electric field, resulting in much enhanced interfacial charge transfer/separation rates. As a result, the optimized BWO/CN heterojunction exhibits significantly improved photocatalytic performance toward CO2 reduction, which is approximately 2.8-fold higher than that of its CN counterpart. The accelerated S-scheme charge-transfer mechanism is systematically corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, photo-irradiated Kelvin probe force microscopy, and electron spin resonance. This research may provide a facile protocol for the rational design of an S-scheme face-to-face 2D/2D heterojunction for efficient CO2 conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]