27 results on '"Greenway M"'
Search Results
2. Safety of rope-guided conveyance systems
- Author
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Greenway, M. E. and Grobler, S. R.
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThe guide rope factor of safety (FOS) currently set in regulations in various countries is unduly conservative and constrains the maximum attainable depth for shafts using rope guides. It limits the amount of guide rope tension that can be imposed, which is important for controlling the lateral motion of conveyances. A lower FOS would lead to more constraint of lateral conveyance motion and therefore safer winding, but this implies a design trade-off of apparent rope safety versus conveyance guidance safety. This paper considers the safety of rope-guided shaft systems and questions whether the above trade-off is appropriately set. Rope safety, the role of guide ropes, and constraints on increasing guide rope tension are discussed. Precedents for review of rope FOS are recalled. The paper provides a motivation for reducing the regulated guide rope static FOS, which will give designers more flexibility in configuring rope-guided systems and will reduce capital costs—potentially significantly if the design is on the boundary of these constraints. Following precedents for a lower rope FOS, it is proposed that, if adopted, this reduction is made with the obligation to meet a code of practice for guide rope installation, inspection, and maintenance.
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- 2024
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3. Popliteal sciatic nerve block in the endovascular management of critical limb ischaemia: a UK single-centre experience
- Author
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Davies, J, primary, Sammut, J, additional, Greenway, M, additional, and Day, C, additional
- Published
- 2023
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4. Control of friction hoist head rope tensions revisited
- Author
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Greenway, M. E.
- Abstract
ABSTRACTMatching of head ropes and drum grooves in multi-rope friction winding systems is essential for effective load sharing between the winding ropes. Analytical methods were developed in the 1960s to evaluate rope load disparity when rope groove depths are mismatched. Although this historical analysis ignored flexibility in rope groove lining materials, it is widely accepted that rope groove flexibility has the effect of reducing the disparity in load sharing. This paper recounts the original 1960s work in which rope load disparity was analyzed to provide rope groove depth tolerances of rigid grooves and provides a new rope groove depth tolerance for flexible grooves. Both rigid and flexible groove analyses show the importance of an adequate distance between the conveyance at its uppermost normal position in the shaft and the head ropes’ tangent point on the hoist drum. They also show that ground-mounted hoists are more tolerant to groove depth mismatch. Maintenance methods, including the collar-to-collar test, are revisited to reflect this latest analysis.
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- 2023
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5. Design method for overwind arrestors
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Greenway, M. E.
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThe relentless drive for safer winding systems has seen more serious consideration given to arresting systems in recent years. Design criteria have been debated. Arrestors are roughly selected based on average retardation rates and energy absorption capacity. Standards Australia sets criteria for design of arrestors that go beyond average retardation rates and energy absorption but provide little design guidance. Although sophisticated dynamic simulation methods have illuminated the true dynamic behavior of arresting systems, they are not available to most designers. Based on approximate dynamic models of conveyance arresting, this paper addresses the opportunity to equip the designer with computational tools that go beyond mere energy considerations but stop short of full dynamic simulation. Methods are presented to estimate the conveyance displacement, velocity, and acceleration in a headframe or shaft bottom arrestor. Equations for the approximate calculation of head rope forces during headframe arrest are included. A model of crash beam impact results in an approach to assessing whether head ropes fail if this occurs.
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- 2023
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6. Separate and combined effects of dehydration and thirst sensation on exercise performance in the heat
- Author
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Cheung, S. S., McGarr, G. W., Mallette, M. M., Wallace, P. J., Watson, C. L., Kim, I. M., and Greenway, M. J.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Nitrogen removal from sewage and septage in constructed wetland mesocosms using sand media amended with biochar
- Author
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de Rozari, P., primary, Greenway, M., additional, and El Hanandeh, A., additional
- Published
- 2018
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8. Phosphorus removal from secondary sewage and septage using sand media amended with biochar in constructed wetland mesocosms
- Author
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de Rozari, P., primary, Greenway, M., additional, and El Hanandeh, A., additional
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- 2016
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9. A mobile phone application to collect real-time live witnessed birth data for rapid provider debriefing to drive quality improvement for maternal and newborn health in Bihar, India
- Author
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Spindler, H., primary, Dyer, J., additional, Christmas, A., additional, Janjua, A., additional, Frank, H., additional, Greenway, M., additional, and Walker, D., additional
- Published
- 2016
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10. An investigation into the effectiveness of sand media amended with biochar to remove BOD5, suspended solids and coliforms using wetland mesocosms
- Author
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de Rozari, P., primary, Greenway, M., primary, and El Hanandeh, A., primary
- Published
- 2015
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11. An investigation into the effectiveness of sand media amended with biochar to remove BOD5, suspended solids and coliforms using wetland mesocosms.
- Author
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de Rozari, P., Greenway, M., and El Hanandeh, A.
- Subjects
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BIOCHAR , *SUSPENDED solids , *COLIFORMS , *CONSTRUCTED wetlands , *ECOLOGICAL engineering , *MELALEUCA quinquenervia , *LEMONGRASS - Abstract
Constructed wetland ecotechnologies (CWEs) are a promising solution to effectively treat domestic wastewater in developing countries at low cost. This paper reports the findings of the effectiveness of sand media amended with woody biochar and two plants species (Melaleuca quinquenervia and Cymbopogon citratus) in removing biological oxygen demand (BOD5), suspended solids and coliforms. The experimental design consisted of 21 vertical flow (VF) mesocosms. There were seven media treatments using sand amended with varying proportions of biochar. During the first 8 months, the mesocosms were loaded with secondary clarified wastewater (SCW) then septage. The influent had a 4-day hydraulic retention time. Samples were monitored for BOD5, total suspended solids (TSS), total volatile solids (TVS), total coliforms and faecal coliforms. In the first 8 months, there were no significant performance differences between media treatments in the outflow concentrations of BOD5, TSS and TVS. The significant differences occurred during the last 3 months; using septage with biochar additions performed better than pure sand. For coliforms, the significant differences occurred after 6 months. In conclusion, the addition of biochar was not effective for SCW. The VF mesocosms system proved to be more effective in removing BOD5, TSS, TVS and coliforms when septage was loaded into the media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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12. Nutrient accumulation in five plant species grown in bioretention systems dosed with wastewater.
- Author
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Gautam, D.N. and Greenway, M.
- Subjects
PLANT species ,PLANT nutrients ,PLANT biomass ,NITROGEN content of plants ,PHOSPHORUS ,CHEMICAL composition of plants ,SEWAGE - Abstract
Many studies have concluded that vegetation has a significant role in the removal of nutrients from wastewater, but few have investigated nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in plant biomass in bioretention mesocosms. This study quantifies the nutrients accumulated in five native plant species grown in bioretention mesocosms established in Queensland, Australia. The speciesBanksia integrifolia,Callistemon pachyphyllus,Carpobrotus glaucesens,Dianella brevipedunculataandPennisetum alopecuroideswere grown in gravel, loam and sand media. The plants with higher growth rate and biomass retained a higher amount of nutrients in roots, stem and leaves.CallistemonandPennisetumwere the best species to remove nutrients from wastewater in subtropical Australia. The average total nitrogen retained in plant biomass was 4999 mg/m2/yr in sand, 7899 mg/m2/yr in loam and 8131 mg/m2/yr in gravel media. The average total phosphorus retained in plant biomass was 1980 mg/m2/yr in sand, 2073 mg/m2/yr in gravel and 4286 mg/m2/yr in loam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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13. Academic leadership in nursing: A concept analysis.
- Author
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Greenway M and Acai A
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- Humans, Concept Formation, Mentors psychology, Mentors statistics & numerical data, Workplace psychology, Personnel Turnover statistics & numerical data, Leadership, Faculty, Nursing psychology, Job Satisfaction
- Abstract
Background: Research on improving academic leadership in nursing is paramount to increase new faculty support, improve retention, and ensure a high academic standard for the next generation of nurses. However, an operational definition of academic leadership in nursing is missing from the literature and a common language is needed to cohere research., Aim: This study aimed to analyze the concept of academic leadership in nursing to inform future research on the factors that affect nursing faculty career development, job satisfaction, and retention., Methods: A concept analysis using Walker and Avant's eight-step method., Data Sources: Five databases were searched (CINAHL, PubMed, OVID Emcare, ERIC, and Google Scholar), with 16 articles identified for analysis. The term "academic leadership" was used in a title search with "nursing" as a keyword., Results: Three main attributes were found: administrator, mentor, and nurse. The consequences of academic leadership in nursing are improved work environments, increased job satisfaction, and decreased faculty turnover. Capabilities essential for academic leaders in nursing include vision, risk-taking, excellent communication, mentoring, succession planning, advocacy, and education., Conclusion: An academic leader in nursing is a transformational leader who encourages, empowers, and motivates team members to grow, develop and thrive., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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14. A Proposed Systematic Approach to Safe Inter Hospital Patient Transfer in Interventional Radiology: From Referral to Repatriation.
- Author
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Wells D, Morgan R, and Greenway M
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- Humans, Patient Transfer, Referral and Consultation, Radiology, Interventional methods, Patient Safety, Radiography, Interventional methods
- Abstract
What This Paper Adds: There is no reference in the literature regarding the transfer of patients between hospitals for interventional radiology procedures. This paper outlines an approach to assist with the safe assessment, reassessment and repatriation of patients requiring urgent procedures in a different hospital., (© 2024. Crown.)
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- 2024
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15. Mortality risk among adult americans living with cancer and elevated CRP.
- Author
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Banerjee S, Khubchandani J, Tisinger S, Batra K, and Greenway M
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, United States epidemiology, Adult, Risk Factors, Aged, Neoplasms mortality, Neoplasms blood, C-Reactive Protein analysis, C-Reactive Protein metabolism, Nutrition Surveys
- Abstract
The role of C Reactive Protein (CRP) in predicting long-term outcomes among people living with cancer has not been well explored. We aimed to assess the role of elevated CRP in predicting all-cause mortality among a community-based sample of adult Americans living with cancer. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2010 was linked with mortality files up to December 2019 from the National Death Index. Sociodemographic and health-related variables of 30,711 participants (mean age=46.5 years) were analyzed to compute adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for all-cause mortality. The risk of mortality, in unadjusted analysis, was significantly higher among those with cancer compared to those without cancer 3.53 (95% CI= 3.13-3.98, p < 0.001). In adjusted analysis, when stratified by CRP levels (elevated=cutoff point at ≥2 mg/dL), among individuals with elevated CRP but no cancer history, the risk of mortality was significantly higher (HR=1.67, 95% CI=1.24-2.25) compared to those without cancer or elevated CRP. Among individuals with cancer but without elevated CRP as well, the risk of mortality was 20% higher compared to their counterparts. The highest risk of mortality was observed among those with both cancer and elevated CRP (HR=2.10, 95% CI=1.11-4.33). Age and income were significant predictors of these relationships. Among people living with cancer, CRP may serve as a marker for mortality and future studies should explore the pathways by which the risk of mortality may increase due to variation of CRP in cancer patients., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose for this manuscript and the study conducted for the manuscript., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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16. Toxic inhalational injury.
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Davies V, Turner J, and Greenway M
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- Administration, Intravenous, Antidotes administration & dosage, Blood Gas Analysis, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning complications, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Hydroxocobalamin administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest etiology, Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest therapy, Cyanides poisoning, Smoke Inhalation Injury complications
- Abstract
A middle-aged patient presented with toxic inhalational injury, and was resuscitated prehospitally and treated in the emergency department for smoke inhalation, carbon monoxide (CO) exposure and cyanide poisoning with the use of antidotes. Due to the CO effects on spectrophotometry, an anaemia initially identified on blood gas analysis was thought to be artefactual, but was later confirmed by laboratory testing to be accurate. In addition, cyanide can confound haemoglobin testing due to its use in the analytical process and non-cyanide analysis is required when there is suspected exposure. Although no consensus exists on a first-line cyanide antidote choice, hydroxocobalamin is the only antidote without a serious side effect profile and/or deleterious cardiovascular effects. We propose prehospital enhanced care teams consider carrying hydroxocobalamin for early administration in toxic inhalational injury., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2020
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17. Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus LANA Modulates the Stability of the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase RLIM.
- Author
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Tadmor H, Greenway M, Ahuja A, Orgil O, Liao G, Ambinder RF, Hayward SD, and Shamay M
- Subjects
- Animals, Antigens, Nuclear, Antigens, Viral genetics, CHO Cells, Cell Line, Cricetulus, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, HEK293 Cells, Humans, LIM Domain Proteins metabolism, LIM-Homeodomain Proteins metabolism, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Sarcoma, Kaposi virology, Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 1, Transcription Factors metabolism, Ubiquitination, Viral Proteins genetics, Antigens, Viral metabolism, Herpesvirus 8, Human metabolism, Nuclear Proteins metabolism, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases metabolism, Viral Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
The Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) protein functions in latently infected cells as an essential participant in KSHV genome replication and as a driver of dysregulated cell growth. In a previous study, we have identified LANA-interacting proteins using a protein array screen. Here, we explore the effect of LANA on the stability and activity of RLIM (RING finger LIM-domain-interacting protein, encoded by the RNF12 gene), a novel LANA-interacting protein identified in that protein screen. RLIM is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that leads to the ubiquitination and degradation of several transcription regulators, such as LMO2, LMO4, LHX2, LHX3, LDB1, and the telomeric protein TRF1. Expression of LANA leads to downregulation of RLIM protein levels. This LANA-mediated RLIM degradation is blocked in the presence of the proteasome inhibitor, MG132. Therefore, the interaction between LANA and RLIM could be detected in coimmunoprecipitation assay only in the presence of MG132 to prevent RLIM degradation. A RING finger mutant RLIM is resistant to LANA-mediated degradation, suggesting that LANA promotes RLIM autoubiquitination. Interestingly, we found that LANA enhanced the degradation of some RLIM substrates, such as LDB1 and LMO2, and prevented RLIM-mediated degradation of others, such as LHX3 and TRF1. We also show that transcription regulation by RLIM substrates is modulated by LANA. RLIM substrates are assembled into multiprotein transcription regulator complexes that regulate the expression of many cellular genes. Therefore, our study identified another way KSHV can modulate cellular gene expression. IMPORTANCE E3 ubiquitin ligases mark their substrates for degradation and therefore control the cellular abundance of their substrates. RLIM is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that leads to the ubiquitination and degradation of several transcription regulators, such as LMO2, LMO4, LHX2, LHX3, LDB1, and the telomeric protein TRF1. Here, we show that the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-encoded LANA protein enhances the ubiquitin ligase activity of RLIM, leading to enhanced RLIM autoubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, LANA enhanced the degradation of some RLIM substrates, such as LDB1 and LMO2, and prevented RLIM-mediated degradation of others, such as LHX3 and TRF1. In agreement with protein stability of RLIM substrates, we found that LANA modulates transcription by LHX3-LDB1 complex and suggest additional ways LANA can modulate cellular gene expression. Our study adds another way a viral protein can regulate cellular protein stability, by enhancing the autoubiquitination and degradation of an E3 ubiquitin ligase., (Copyright © 2020 American Society for Microbiology.)
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- 2020
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18. Can first-year medical students acquire quality improvement knowledge prior to substantial clinical exposure? A mixed-methods evaluation of a pre-clerkship curriculum that uses education as the context for learning.
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Brown A, Nidumolu A, Stanhope A, Koh J, Greenway M, and Grierson L
- Subjects
- Attitude of Health Personnel, Curriculum, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Knowledge, Learning, Ontario, Schools, Medical, Students, Medical psychology, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Quality Improvement
- Abstract
Background: Quality Improvement (QI) training for health professionals is essential to strengthen health systems. However, QI training during medical school is constrained by students' lack of contextual understanding of the health system and an already saturated medical curriculum. The Program for Improvement in Medical Education (PRIME), an extracurricular offered at the Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicineat McMaster University (Hamilton, Canada), addresses these obstacles by having first-year medical students engage in QI by identifying opportunities for improvement within their own education., Methods: A sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, which combines insights derived from quantitative instruments and qualitative interview methods, was used to examine the impact of PRIME on first-year medical students and the use of QI in the context of education., Results: The study reveals that participation in PRIME increases both knowledge of, and comfort with, fundamental QI concepts, even when applied to clinical scenarios. Participants felt that education provided a meaningful context to learn QI at this stage of their training, and were motivated to participate in future QI projects to drive real-world improvements in the health system., Conclusions: Early exposure to QI principles that uses medical education as the context may be an effective intervention to foster QI competencies at an early stage and ultimately promote engagement in clinical QI. Moreover, PRIME also provides a mechanism to drive improvements in medical education. Future research is warranted to better understand the impact of education as a context for later engagement in clinical QI applications as well as the potential for QI methods to be translated directly into education., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.)
- Published
- 2018
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19. Education as a context for early engagement in quality improvement.
- Author
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Brown A, Greenway M, Kwan M, and Grierson LE
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- Humans, Students, Medical, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Quality Improvement
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- 2017
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20. Carbon isotope discrimination in leaves of the broad-leaved paperbark tree, Melaleuca quinquenervia, as a tool for quantifying past tropical and subtropical rainfall.
- Author
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Tibby J, Barr C, McInerney FA, Henderson AC, Leng MJ, Greenway M, Marshall JC, McGregor GB, Tyler JJ, and McNeil V
- Subjects
- Australia, Carbon, Papua New Guinea, Plant Leaves, Rain, Carbon Isotopes, Melaleuca
- Abstract
Quantitative reconstructions of terrestrial climate are highly sought after but rare, particularly in Australia. Carbon isotope discrimination in plant leaves (Δleaf ) is an established indicator of past hydroclimate because the fractionation of carbon isotopes during photosynthesis is strongly influenced by water stress. Leaves of the evergreen tree Melaleuca quinquenervia have been recovered from the sediments of some perched lakes on North Stradbroke and Fraser Islands, south-east Queensland, eastern Australia. Here, we examine the potential for using M. quinquenervia ∆leaf as a tracer of past rainfall by analysing carbon isotope ratios (δ(13) C) of modern leaves. We firstly assess Δleaf variation at the leaf and stand scale and find no systematic pattern within leaves or between leaves due to their position on the tree. We then examine the relationships between climate and Δleaf for a 11-year time series of leaves collected in a litter tray. M. quinquenervia retains its leaves for 1-4 years; thus, cumulative average climate data are used. There is a significant relationship between annual mean ∆leaf and mean annual rainfall of the hydrological year for 1-4 years (i.e. 365-1460 days) prior to leaf fall (r(2) = 0.64, P = 0.003, n = 11). This relationship is marginally improved by accounting for the effect of pCO2 on discrimination (r(2) = 0.67, P = 0.002, n = 11). The correlation between rainfall and Δleaf , and the natural distribution of Melaleuca quinquenervia around wetlands of eastern Australia, Papua New Guinea and New Caledonia offers significant potential to infer past rainfall on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales., (© 2016 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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21. Improving the Medication Reconciliation Discharge Prescription Documentation of Rationale for New or Changed Medications at the Niagara Health System.
- Author
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Atyani AH, Sellers C, Shaffaf J, Niven A, Ismail Z, Forgione A, Law MP, Greenway M, Cubelic S, and Delrue A
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- Drug Prescriptions, Humans, Medication Reconciliation standards, Documentation methods, Medication Reconciliation methods, Patient Discharge, Quality Improvement
- Published
- 2016
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22. Reprint of "Co-occurring motor, language and emotional-behavioral problems in children 3-6 years of age".
- Author
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King-Dowling S, Missiuna C, Rodriguez MC, Greenway M, and Cairney J
- Abstract
Purpose: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has been shown to co-occur with behavioral and language problems in school-aged children, but little is known as to when these problems begin to emerge, or if they are inherent in children with DCD. The purpose of this study was to determine if deficits in language and emotional-behavioral problems are apparent in preschool-aged children with movement difficulties., Method: Two hundred and fourteen children (mean age 4 years 11 months, SD 9.8 months, 103 male) performed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd Edition (MABC-2). Children falling at or below the 16th percentile were classified as being at risk for movement difficulties (MD risk). Auditory comprehension and expressive communication were examined using the Preschool Language Scales 4th Edition (PLS-4). Parent-reported emotional and behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)., Results: Preschool children with diminished motor coordination (n = 37) were found to have lower language scores, higher externalizing behaviors in the form of increased aggression, as well as increased withdrawn and other behavior symptoms compared with their typically developing peers., Conclusions: Motor coordination, language and emotional-behavioral difficulties tend to co-occur in young children aged 3-6 years. These results highlight the need for early intervention., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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23. Feasibility of a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the impact of decision boxes on shared decision-making processes.
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Giguere AM, Labrecque M, Légaré F, Grad R, Cauchon M, Greenway M, Haynes RB, Pluye P, Syed I, Banerjee D, Carmichael PH, and Martin M
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- Feasibility Studies, Humans, Decision Making, Decision Support Systems, Clinical, Decision Support Techniques, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Research Design
- Abstract
Background: Decision boxes (DBoxes) are two-page evidence summaries to prepare clinicians for shared decision making (SDM). We sought to assess the feasibility of a clustered Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) to evaluate their impact., Methods: A convenience sample of clinicians (nurses, physicians and residents) from six primary healthcare clinics who received eight DBoxes and rated their interest in the topic and satisfaction. After consultations, their patients rated their involvement in decision-making processes (SDM-Q-9 instrument). We measured clinic and clinician recruitment rates, questionnaire completion rates, patient eligibility rates, and estimated the RCT needed sample size., Results: Among the 20 family medicine clinics invited to participate in this study, four agreed to participate, giving an overall recruitment rate of 20%. Of 148 clinicians invited to the study, 93 participated (63%). Clinicians rated an interest in the topics ranging 6.4-8.2 out of 10 (with 10 highest) and a satisfaction with DBoxes of 4 or 5 out of 5 (with 5 highest) for 81% DBoxes. For the future RCT, we estimated that a sample size of 320 patients would allow detecting a 9% mean difference in the SDM-Q-9 ratings between our two arms (0.02 ICC; 0.05 significance level; 80% power)., Conclusions: Clinicians' recruitment and questionnaire completion rates support the feasibility of the planned RCT. The level of interest of participants for the DBox topics, and their level of satisfaction with the Dboxes demonstrate the acceptability of the intervention. Processes to recruit clinics and patients should be optimized.
- Published
- 2015
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24. Does bracing affect bone health in women with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis?
- Author
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Akseer N, Kish K, Rigby WA, Greenway M, Klentrou P, Wilson PM, and Falk B
- Abstract
Purpose: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is often associated with low bone mineral content and density (BMC, BMD). Bracing, used to manage spine curvature, may interfere with the growth-related BMC accrual, resulting in reduced bone strength into adulthood. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of brace treatment on BMC in adult women, diagnosed with AIS and braced in early adolescence., Methods: Participants included women with AIS who: (i) underwent brace treatment (AIS-B, n = 15, 25.6 ± 5.8 yrs), (ii) underwent no treatment (AIS, n = 15, 24.0 ± 4.0 yrs), and (iii) a healthy comparison group (CON, n = 19, 23.5 ± 3.8 yrs). BMC and body composition were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Differences between groups were examined using a oneway ANOVA or ANCOVA, as appropriate., Results: AIS-B underwent brace treatment 27.9 ± 21.6 months, for 18.0 ± 5.4 h/d. Femoral neck BMC was lower (p = 0.06) in AIS-B (4.54 ± 0.10 g) compared with AIS (4.89 ± 0.61 g) and CON (5.07 ± 0.58 g). Controlling for lean body mass, calcium and vitamin D daily intake, and strenuous physical activity, femoral neck BMC was statistically different (p = 0.02) between groups. A similar pattern was observed at other lower extremity sites (p < 0.05), but not in the spine or upper extremities. BMC and BMD did not correlate with duration of brace treatment, duration of daily brace wear, or overall physical activity., Conclusion: Young women with AIS, especially those who were treated with a brace, have significantly lower BMC in their lower limbs compared to women without AIS. However, the lack of a relationship between brace treatment duration during adolescence and BMC during young adulthood, suggests that the brace treatment is not the likely mechanism of the low BMC.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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25. Co-occurring motor, language and emotional-behavioral problems in children 3-6 years of age.
- Author
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King-Dowling S, Missiuna C, Rodriguez MC, Greenway M, and Cairney J
- Subjects
- Affective Symptoms physiopathology, Behavior, Child, Child Behavior Disorders physiopathology, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Intelligence Tests, Language, Language Disorders physiopathology, Male, Motor Skills, Motor Skills Disorders physiopathology, Movement, Psychomotor Performance, Emotions physiology
- Abstract
Purpose: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) has been shown to co-occur with behavioral and language problems in school-aged children, but little is known as to when these problems begin to emerge, or if they are inherent in children with DCD. The purpose of this study was to determine if deficits in language and emotional-behavioral problems are apparent in preschool-aged children with movement difficulties., Method: Two hundred and fourteen children (mean age 4years 11months, SD 9.8months, 103 male) performed the Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2nd Edition (MABC-2). Children falling at or below the 16th percentile were classified as being at risk for movement difficulties (MD risk). Auditory comprehension and expressive communication were examined using the Preschool Language Scales 4th Edition (PLS-4). Parent-reported emotional and behavioral problems were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)., Results: Preschool children with diminished motor coordination (n=37) were found to have lower language scores, higher externalizing behaviors in the form of increased aggression, as well as increased withdrawn and other behavior symptoms compared with their typically developing peers., Conclusions: Motor coordination, language and emotional-behavioral difficulties tend to co-occur in young children aged 3-6years. These results highlight the need for early intervention., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Bionimbus: a cloud for managing, analyzing and sharing large genomics datasets.
- Author
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Heath AP, Greenway M, Powell R, Spring J, Suarez R, Hanley D, Bandlamudi C, McNerney ME, White KP, and Grossman RL
- Subjects
- Humans, Internet, Phenotype, Systems Integration, Computer Systems, Datasets as Topic, Genomics, Software
- Abstract
Background: As large genomics and phenotypic datasets are becoming more common, it is increasingly difficult for most researchers to access, manage, and analyze them. One possible approach is to provide the research community with several petabyte-scale cloud-based computing platforms containing these data, along with tools and resources to analyze it., Methods: Bionimbus is an open source cloud-computing platform that is based primarily upon OpenStack, which manages on-demand virtual machines that provide the required computational resources, and GlusterFS, which is a high-performance clustered file system. Bionimbus also includes Tukey, which is a portal, and associated middleware that provides a single entry point and a single sign on for the various Bionimbus resources; and Yates, which automates the installation, configuration, and maintenance of the software infrastructure required., Results: Bionimbus is used by a variety of projects to process genomics and phenotypic data. For example, it is used by an acute myeloid leukemia resequencing project at the University of Chicago. The project requires several computational pipelines, including pipelines for quality control, alignment, variant calling, and annotation. For each sample, the alignment step requires eight CPUs for about 12 h. BAM file sizes ranged from 5 GB to 10 GB for each sample., Conclusions: Most members of the research community have difficulty downloading large genomics datasets and obtaining sufficient storage and computer resources to manage and analyze the data. Cloud computing platforms, such as Bionimbus, with data commons that contain large genomics datasets, are one choice for broadening access to research data in genomics., (Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.)
- Published
- 2014
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27. Evidence summaries (decision boxes) to prepare clinicians for shared decision-making with patients: a mixed methods implementation study.
- Author
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Giguere AM, Labrecque M, Haynes RB, Grad R, Pluye P, Légaré F, Cauchon M, Greenway M, and Carmichael PH
- Subjects
- Adult, Attitude of Health Personnel, Clinical Competence standards, Communication, Education, Medical, Continuing methods, Education, Nursing methods, Evidence-Based Medicine, Family Practice education, Female, Humans, Intention, Internship and Residency methods, Male, Ontario, Patient-Centered Care, Personal Satisfaction, Practice Patterns, Physicians' organization & administration, Practice Patterns, Physicians' statistics & numerical data, Translational Research, Biomedical, Decision Making, Decision Support Techniques, Family Practice methods, Nursing Care methods, Patient Participation methods
- Abstract
Background: Decision boxes (Dboxes) provide clinicians with research evidence about management options for medical questions that have no single best answer. Dboxes fulfil a need for rapid clinical training tools to prepare clinicians for clinician-patient communication and shared decision-making. We studied the barriers and facilitators to using the Dbox information in clinical practice., Methods: We used a mixed methods study with sequential explanatory design. We recruited family physicians, residents, and nurses from six primary health-care clinics. Participants received eight Dboxes covering various questions by email (one per week). For each Dbox, they completed a web questionnaire to rate clinical relevance and cognitive impact and to assess the determinants of their intention to use what they learned from the Dbox to explain to their patients the advantages and disadvantages of the options, based on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Following the 8-week delivery period, we conducted focus groups with clinicians and interviews with clinic administrators to explore contextual factors influencing the use of the Dbox information., Results: One hundred clinicians completed the web surveys. In 54% of the 496 questionnaires completed, they reported that their practice would be improved after having read the Dboxes, and in 40%, they stated that they would use this information for their patients. Of those who would use the information for their patients, 89% expected it would benefit their patients, especially in that it would allow the patient to make a decision more in keeping with his/her personal circumstances, values, and preferences. They intended to use the Dboxes in practice (mean 5.6±1.2, scale 1-7, with 7 being "high"), and their intention was significantly related to social norm, perceived behavioural control, and attitude according to the TPB (P<0.0001). In focus groups, clinicians mentioned that co-interventions such as patient decision aids and training in shared decision-making would facilitate the use of the Dbox information. Some participants would have liked a clear "bottom line" statement for each Dbox and access to printed Dboxes in consultation rooms., Conclusions: Dboxes are valued by clinicians. Tailoring of Dboxes to their needs would facilitate their implementation in practice.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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