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The epidermis of fish is covered with a layer of mucus secreted by epidermal mucus cells. Epidermal mucus serves as a physical and immune barrier between fish and the external water environment, and its composition and secretion are affected by the distribution, quantity, development stage of epidermal mucus cells and the changes in the external environment. With the development of the aquaculture industry both at home and abroad, the application research on fish epidermal mucus has gradually increased. In the paper, the composition, function and application of fish epidermal mucus are reviewed, in order to provide reference for the extraction, development and industrial application of the active components in fish epidermal mucus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]