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29 results on '"Foley, P. N."'

2. Black Box Probabilistic Numerics

Author

Teymur, Onur, Foley, Christopher N., Breen, Philip G., Karvonen, Toni, and Oates, Chris. J.

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Statistics - Computation, Statistics - Methodology, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Probabilistic numerics casts numerical tasks, such the numerical solution of differential equations, as inference problems to be solved. One approach is to model the unknown quantity of interest as a random variable, and to constrain this variable using data generated during the course of a traditional numerical method. However, data may be nonlinearly related to the quantity of interest, rendering the proper conditioning of random variables difficult and limiting the range of numerical tasks that can be addressed. Instead, this paper proposes to construct probabilistic numerical methods based only on the final output from a traditional method. A convergent sequence of approximations to the quantity of interest constitute a dataset, from which the limiting quantity of interest can be extrapolated, in a probabilistic analogue of Richardson's deferred approach to the limit. This black box approach (1) massively expands the range of tasks to which probabilistic numerics can be applied, (2) inherits the features and performance of state-of-the-art numerical methods, and (3) enables provably higher orders of convergence to be achieved. Applications are presented for nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations, as well as for eigenvalue problems-a setting for which no probabilistic numerical methods have yet been developed.

Published
2021

3. Database Intrusion Detection Systems (DIDs): Insider Threat Detection via Behavioural-based Anomaly Detection Systems -- A Brief Survey of Concepts and Approaches

Author

Khan, Muhammad Imran, Foley, Simon N., and O'Sullivan, Barry

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

One of the data security and privacy concerns is of insider threats, where legitimate users of the system abuse the access privileges they hold. The insider threat to data security means that an insider steals or leaks sensitive personal information. Database Intrusion detection systems, specifically behavioural-based database intrusion detection systems, have been shown effective in detecting insider attacks. This paper presents background concepts on database intrusion detection systems in the context of detecting insider threats and examines existing approaches in the literature on detecting malicious accesses by an insider to Database Management Systems (DBMS)., Comment: 24 pages

Published
2020

4. FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population

Author

Kurki, Mitja I., Karjalainen, Juha, Palta, Priit, Sipilä, Timo P., Kristiansson, Kati, Donner, Kati M., Reeve, Mary P., Laivuori, Hannele, Aavikko, Mervi, Kaunisto, Mari A., Loukola, Anu, Lahtela, Elisa, Mattsson, Hannele, Laiho, Päivi, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lehisto, Arto A., Kanai, Masahiro, Mars, Nina, Rämö, Joel, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Heyne, Henrike O., Veerapen, Kumar, Rüeger, Sina, Lemmelä, Susanna, Zhou, Wei, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Pärn, Kalle, Hiekkalinna, Tero, Koskelainen, Sami, Paajanen, Teemu, Llorens, Vincent, Gracia-Tabuenca, Javier, Siirtola, Harri, Reis, Kadri, Elnahas, Abdelrahman G., Sun, Benjamin, Foley, Christopher N., Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, Alasoo, Kaur, Arvas, Mikko, Auro, Kirsi, Biswas, Shameek, Bizaki-Vallaskangas, Argyro, Carpen, Olli, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dada, Oluwaseun A., Ding, Zhihao, Ehm, Margaret G., Eklund, Kari, Färkkilä, Martti, Finucane, Hilary, Ganna, Andrea, Ghazal, Awaisa, Graham, Robert R., Green, Eric M., Hakanen, Antti, Hautalahti, Marco, Hedman, Åsa K., Hiltunen, Mikko, Hinttala, Reetta, Hovatta, Iiris, Hu, Xinli, Huertas-Vazquez, Adriana, Huilaja, Laura, Hunkapiller, Julie, Jacob, Howard, Jensen, Jan-Nygaard, Joensuu, Heikki, John, Sally, Julkunen, Valtteri, Jung, Marc, Junttila, Juhani, Kaarniranta, Kai, Kähönen, Mika, Kajanne, Risto, Kallio, Lila, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kerimov, Nurlan, Kettunen, Johannes, Kilpeläinen, Elina, Kilpi, Terhi, Klinger, Katherine, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kuopio, Teijo, Kurra, Venla, Laisk, Triin, Laukkanen, Jari, Lawless, Nathan, Liu, Aoxing, Longerich, Simonne, Mägi, Reedik, Mäkelä, Johanna, Mäkitie, Antti, Malarstig, Anders, Mannermaa, Arto, Maranville, Joseph, Matakidou, Athena, Meretoja, Tuomo, Mozaffari, Sahar V., Niemi, Mari E. K., Niemi, Marianna, Niiranen, Teemu, O´Donnell, Christopher J., Obeidat, Ma´en, Okafo, George, Ollila, Hanna M., Palomäki, Antti, Palotie, Tuula, Partanen, Jukka, Paul, Dirk S., Pelkonen, Margit, Pendergrass, Rion K., Petrovski, Slavé, Pitkäranta, Anne, Platt, Adam, Pulford, David, Punkka, Eero, Pussinen, Pirkko, Raghavan, Neha, Rahimov, Fedik, Rajpal, Deepak, Renaud, Nicole A., Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Rodosthenous, Rodosthenis, Saarentaus, Elmo, Salminen, Aino, Salminen, Eveliina, Salomaa, Veikko, Schleutker, Johanna, Serpi, Raisa, Shen, Huei-yi, Siegel, Richard, Silander, Kaisa, Siltanen, Sanna, Soini, Sirpa, Soininen, Hilkka, Sul, Jae Hoon, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tasanen, Kaisa, Tienari, Pentti, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Tukiainen, Taru, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turunen, Joni A., Ulirsch, Jacob C., Vaura, Felix, Virolainen, Petri, Waring, Jeffrey, Waterworth, Dawn, Yang, Robert, Nelis, Mari, Reigo, Anu, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Esko, Tõnu, Fox, Caroline, Havulinna, Aki S., Perola, Markus, Ripatti, Samuli, Jalanko, Anu, Laitinen, Tarja, Mäkelä, Tomi P., Plenge, Robert, McCarthy, Mark, Runz, Heiko, Daly, Mark J., and Palotie, Aarno

Published
2023
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5. Newton vs the machine: solving the chaotic three-body problem using deep neural networks

Author

Breen, Philip G., Foley, Christopher N., Boekholt, Tjarda, and Zwart, Simon Portegies

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

Since its formulation by Sir Isaac Newton, the problem of solving the equations of motion for three bodies under their own gravitational force has remained practically unsolved. Currently, the solution for a given initialization can only be found by performing laborious iterative calculations that have unpredictable and potentially infinite computational cost, due to the system's chaotic nature. We show that an ensemble of solutions obtained using an arbitrarily precise numerical integrator can be used to train a deep artificial neural network (ANN) that, over a bounded time interval, provides accurate solutions at fixed computational cost and up to 100 million times faster than a state-of-the-art solver. Our results provide evidence that, for computationally challenging regions of phase-space, a trained ANN can replace existing numerical solvers, enabling fast and scalable simulations of many-body systems to shed light on outstanding phenomena such as the formation of black-hole binary systems or the origin of the core collapse in dense star clusters., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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6. A Bulirsch-Stoer algorithm using Gaussian processes

Author

Breen, Philip G. and Foley, Christopher N.

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

In this paper, we treat the problem of evaluating the asymptotic error in a numerical integration scheme as one with inherent uncertainty. Adding to the growing field of probabilistic numerics, we show that Gaussian process regression (GPR) can be embedded into a numerical integration scheme to allow for (i) robust selection of the adaptive step-size parameter and; (ii) uncertainty quantification in predictions of putatively converged numerical solutions. We present two examples of our approach using Richardson's extrapolation technique and the Bulirsch-Stoer algorithm. In scenarios where the error-surface is smooth and bounded, our proposed approach can match the results of the traditional polynomial (parametric) extrapolation methods. In scenarios where the error surface is not well approximated by a finite-order polynomial, e.g. in the vicinity of a pole or in the assessment of a chaotic system, traditional methods can fail, however, the non-parametric GPR approach demonstrates the potential to continue to furnish reasonable solutions in these situations., Comment: comments welcome

Published
2019

7. Science Hackathons for Cyberphysical System Security Research: Putting CPS testbed platforms to good use

Author

Foley, Simon N., Autrel, Fabien, Bourget, Edwin, Cledel, Thomas, Grunenwald, Stephane, Hernan, Jose Rubio, Kabil, Alexandre, Larsen, Raphael, Rooney, Vivien M., and Vanhulst, Kirsten

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

A challenge is to develop cyber-physical system scenarios that reflect the diversity and complexity of real-life cyber-physical systems in the research questions that they address. Time-bounded collaborative events, such as hackathons, jams and sprints, are increasingly used as a means of bringing groups of individuals together, in order to explore challenges and develop solutions. This paper describes our experiences, using a science hackathon to bring individual researchers together, in order to develop a common use-case implemented on a shared CPS testbed platform that embodies the diversity in their own security research questions. A qualitative study of the event was conducted, in order to evaluate the success of the process, with a view to improving future similar events.

Published
2018
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8. An Online Consent Maturity Model: Moving from Acceptable Use towards Ethical Practice

Author

Rooney, Vivien M. and Foley, Simon N.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

The particular characteristics associated with qualitative longitudinal research in the disciplines of psychology and social science have prompted the development of informed consent. There are analogies between these characteristics and the collection and analysis of data in online settings. How and why informed consent has developed in qualitative longitudinal research, both theoretically and practically, can provide a useful resource for considering what informed consent means in online settings. Building on this analogy, criteria are proposed that can be used to provide an ethical judgement on consent practices in an online data handling activity, and form the basis for a consent maturity model. It is argued that if we are to learn from from the history of informed consent in qualitative longitudinal research, then we should strive for an Ethics of Virtue approach to informed consent online, the highest level of maturity., Comment: 18 pages, 2 tables

Published
2017

11. Author Correction: FinnGen provides genetic insights from a well-phenotyped isolated population

Author

Kurki, Mitja I., Karjalainen, Juha, Palta, Priit, Sipilä, Timo P., Kristiansson, Kati, Donner, Kati M., Reeve, Mary P., Laivuori, Hannele, Aavikko, Mervi, Kaunisto, Mari A., Loukola, Anu, Lahtela, Elisa, Mattsson, Hannele, Laiho, Päivi, Della Briotta Parolo, Pietro, Lehisto, Arto A., Kanai, Masahiro, Mars, Nina, Rämö, Joel, Kiiskinen, Tuomo, Heyne, Henrike O., Veerapen, Kumar, Rüeger, Sina, Lemmelä, Susanna, Zhou, Wei, Ruotsalainen, Sanni, Pärn, Kalle, Hiekkalinna, Tero, Koskelainen, Sami, Paajanen, Teemu, Llorens, Vincent, Gracia-Tabuenca, Javier, Siirtola, Harri, Reis, Kadri, Elnahas, Abdelrahman G., Sun, Benjamin, Foley, Christopher N., Aalto-Setälä, Katriina, Alasoo, Kaur, Arvas, Mikko, Auro, Kirsi, Biswas, Shameek, Bizaki-Vallaskangas, Argyro, Carpen, Olli, Chen, Chia-Yen, Dada, Oluwaseun A., Ding, Zhihao, Ehm, Margaret G., Eklund, Kari, Färkkilä, Martti, Finucane, Hilary, Ganna, Andrea, Ghazal, Awaisa, Graham, Robert R., Green, Eric M., Hakanen, Antti, Hautalahti, Marco, Hedman, Åsa K., Hiltunen, Mikko, Hinttala, Reetta, Hovatta, Iiris, Hu, Xinli, Huertas-Vazquez, Adriana, Huilaja, Laura, Hunkapiller, Julie, Jacob, Howard, Jensen, Jan-Nygaard, Joensuu, Heikki, John, Sally, Julkunen, Valtteri, Jung, Marc, Junttila, Juhani, Kaarniranta, Kai, Kähönen, Mika, Kajanne, Risto, Kallio, Lila, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kerimov, Nurlan, Kettunen, Johannes, Kilpeläinen, Elina, Kilpi, Terhi, Klinger, Katherine, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kuopio, Teijo, Kurra, Venla, Laisk, Triin, Laukkanen, Jari, Lawless, Nathan, Liu, Aoxing, Longerich, Simonne, Mägi, Reedik, Mäkelä, Johanna, Mäkitie, Antti, Malarstig, Anders, Mannermaa, Arto, Maranville, Joseph, Matakidou, Athena, Meretoja, Tuomo, Mozaffari, Sahar V., Niemi, Mari E. K., Niemi, Marianna, Niiranen, Teemu, O´Donnell, Christopher J., Obeidat, Ma´en, Okafo, George, Ollila, Hanna M., Palomäki, Antti, Palotie, Tuula, Partanen, Jukka, Paul, Dirk S., Pelkonen, Margit, Pendergrass, Rion K., Petrovski, Slavé, Pitkäranta, Anne, Platt, Adam, Pulford, David, Punkka, Eero, Pussinen, Pirkko, Raghavan, Neha, Rahimov, Fedik, Rajpal, Deepak, Renaud, Nicole A., Riley-Gillis, Bridget, Rodosthenous, Rodosthenis, Saarentaus, Elmo, Salminen, Aino, Salminen, Eveliina, Salomaa, Veikko, Schleutker, Johanna, Serpi, Raisa, Shen, Huei-yi, Siegel, Richard, Silander, Kaisa, Siltanen, Sanna, Soini, Sirpa, Soininen, Hilkka, Sul, Jae Hoon, Tachmazidou, Ioanna, Tasanen, Kaisa, Tienari, Pentti, Toppila-Salmi, Sanna, Tukiainen, Taru, Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turunen, Joni A., Ulirsch, Jacob C., Vaura, Felix, Virolainen, Petri, Waring, Jeffrey, Waterworth, Dawn, Yang, Robert, Nelis, Mari, Reigo, Anu, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Esko, Tõnu, Fox, Caroline, Havulinna, Aki S., Perola, Markus, Ripatti, Samuli, Jalanko, Anu, Laitinen, Tarja, Mäkelä, Tomi P., Plenge, Robert, McCarthy, Mark, Runz, Heiko, Daly, Mark J., and Palotie, Aarno

Published
2023
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17. Towards Privacy-anomaly Detection: Discovering Correlation between Privacy and Security-anomalies.

Author

Khan, Muhammad Imran, Foley, Simon N., and O'Sullivan, Barry

Subjects
PRIVACY, RELATIONAL databases, DATA privacy, ANOMALY detection (Computer security), INTERNET privacy
Abstract

In this paper a notion of privacy-anomaly detection is presented where normative privacy is modelled using k -anonymity. Based on the model, normative privacy-profiles are constructed, and deviation from normative privacy-profile at runtime is labelled as a privacy-anomaly. Furthermore, the paper investigates whether there is a correlation between security-anomalies and privacy-anomalies, that is, whether the privacy-anomalies labelled by privacy-anomaly detection system are detected by conventional security-anomaly detection system used for detecting malicious accesses to databases by insiders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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18. Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals

Author

Surendran, Praveen, Feofanova, Elena V., Lahrouchi, Najim, Ntalla, Ioanna, Karthikeyan, Savita, Cook, James, Chen, Lingyan, Mifsud, Borbala, Yao, Chen, Kraja, Aldi T., Cartwright, James H., Hellwege, Jacklyn N., Giri, Ayush, Tragante, Vinicius, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Liu, Dajiang J., Prins, Bram P., Stewart, Isobel D., Cabrera, Claudia P., Eales, James M., Akbarov, Artur, Auer, Paul L., Bielak, Lawrence F., Bis, Joshua C., Braithwaite, Vickie S., Brody, Jennifer A., Daw, E. Warwick, Warren, Helen R., Drenos, Fotios, Nielsen, Sune Fallgaard, Faul, Jessica D., Fauman, Eric B., Fava, Cristiano, Ferreira, Teresa, Foley, Christopher N., Franceschini, Nora, Gao, He, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Giulianini, Franco, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Guo, Xiuqing, Harris, Sarah E., Havulinna, Aki S., Helgadottir, Anna, Huffman, Jennifer E., Hwang, Shih-Jen, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kontto, Jukka, Larson, Martin G., Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lindström, Jaana, Lotta, Luca A., Lu, Yingchang, Luan, Jian’an, Mahajan, Anubha, Malerba, Giovanni, Masca, Nicholas G. D., Mei, Hao, Menni, Cristina, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Mosen-Ansorena, David, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Paré, Guillaume, Paul, Dirk S., Perola, Markus, Poveda, Alaitz, Rauramaa, Rainer, Richard, Melissa, Richardson, Tom G., Sepúlveda, Nuno, Sim, Xueling, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Staley, James R., Stanáková, Alena, Sulem, Patrick, Thériault, Sébastien, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Trompet, Stella, Varga, Tibor V., Velez Edwards, Digna R., Veronesi, Giovanni, Weiss, Stefan, Willems, Sara M., Yao, Jie, Young, Robin, Yu, Bing, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Evangelou, Evangelos, Aeschbacher, Stefanie, Asllanaj, Eralda, Blankenberg, Stefan, Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Brandslund, Ivan, Braund, Peter S., Burgess, Stephen, Cho, Kelly, Christensen, Cramer, Connell, John, Mutsert, Renée de, Dominiczak, Anna F., Dörr, Marcus, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Gaziano, J. Michael, Grarup, Niels, Grove, Megan L., Hallmans, Göran, Hansen, Torben, Have, Christian T., Heiss, Gerardo, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jousilahti, Pekka, Kajantie, Eero, Kamat, Mihir, Käräjämäki, AnneMari, Karpe, Fredrik, Koistinen, Heikki A., Kovesdy, Csaba P., Kuulasmaa, Kari, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lannfelt, Lars, Lee, I-Te, Lee, Wen-Jane, Linneberg, Allan, Martin, Lisa W., Moitry, Marie, Nadkarni, Girish, Neville, Matt J., Palmer, Colin N. A., Papanicolaou, George J., Pedersen, Oluf, Peters, James, Poulter, Neil, Rasheed, Asif, Rasmussen, Katrine L., Rayner, N. William, Mägi, Reedik, Renström, Frida, Rettig, Rainer, Rossouw, Jacques, Schreiner, Pamela J., Sever, Peter S., Sigurdsson, Emil L., Skaaby, Tea, Sun, Yan V., Sundstrom, Johan, Thorgeirsson, Gudmundur, Esko, Tõnu, Trabetti, Elisabetta, Tsao, Philip S., Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turner, Stephen T., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Vaartjes, Ilonca, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Willer, Cristen J., Wilson, Peter W. F., Witte, Daniel R., Yonova-Doing, Ekaterina, Zhang, He, Aliya, Naheed, Almgren, Peter, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Barnes, Michael R., Blakemore, Alexandra I., Boehnke, Michael, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Buring, Julie E., Chambers, John C., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Conen, David, Correa, Adolfo, Davey Smith, George, Boer, Rudolf A. de, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Elliott, Paul, Felix, Stephan B., Ferrières, Jean, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franks, Paul W., Franks, Stephen, Frossard, Philippe, Gambaro, Giovanni, Gaunt, Tom R., Groop, Leif, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harris, Tamara B., Hayward, Caroline, Hennig, Branwen J., Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Ingelsson, Erik, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Kee, Frank, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Launer, Lenore J., Lind, Lars, Loos, Ruth J. F., Majumder, Abdulla al Shafi., Laakso, Markku, McCarthy, Mark I., Melander, Olle, Mohlke, Karen L., Murray, Alison D., Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne, Orho-Melander, Marju, Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmas, Walter, Polasek, Ozren, Porteous, David J., Prentice, Andrew M., Province, Michael A., Relton, Caroline L., Rice, Kenneth, Ridker, Paul M., Rolandsson, Olov, Rosendaal, Frits R., Rotter, Jerome I., Rudan, Igor, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sattar, Naveed, Sheu, Wayne H.-H., Smith, Blair H., Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Timothy D., Starr, John M., Sebert, Sylvain, Taylor, Kent D., Lakka, Timo A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Tobin, Martin D., van der Harst, Pim, van der Meer, Peter, Ramachandran, Vasan S., Verweij, Niek, Virtamo, Jarmo, Völker, Uwe, Weir, David R., Zeggini, Eleftheria, Charchar, Fadi J., Wareham, Nicholas J., Langenberg, Claudia, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Butterworth, Adam S., Caulfield, Mark J., Danesh, John, Edwards, Todd L., Holm, Hilma, Hung, Adriana M., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Liu, Chunyu, Manning, Alisa K., Morris, Andrew P., Morrison, Alanna C., O’Donnell, Christopher J., Psaty, Bruce M., Saleheen, Danish, Stefansson, Kari, Boerwinkle, Eric, Chasman, Daniel I., Levy, Daniel, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Munroe, Patricia B., and Howson, Joanna M. M.

Abstract

Genetic studies of blood pressure (BP) to date have mainly analyzed common variants (minor allele frequency?>?0.05). In a meta-analysis of up to ~1.3 million participants, we discovered 106 new BP-associated genomic regions and 87 rare (minor allele frequency?=?0.01) variant BP associations (P?

Published
2020
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19. A Highly Stereoselective, Efficient, and Scalable Synthesis of the C(1)–C(9) Fragment of the Epothilones

Author

Foley, Corinne N. and Leighton, James L.

Abstract

A second-generation synthesis of the C(1)–C(9) fragment of the epothilones is reported. The key tandem intramolecular silylformylation/crotylsilylation/“aprotic” Tamao oxidation sequence has been redeveloped as a stepwise intermolecular variant, allowing excellent levels of diastereoselectivity in the crotylation step and proceeds in 50% overall yield on gram scale. An improved synthesis of the homopropargyl alcohol starting material is also described, which proceeds in four steps and >99% ee from inexpensive starting materials and is amenable to multigram scales.

Published
2024
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20. Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Early Mortality After Dialysis Initiation.

Author

Foley, Robert N.

Abstract

Confronted with the decision to initiate dialysis, patients and caregivers often seek information about how expected survival chances evolve, both initially and afterward, providing the patient survives beyond arbitrary periods of time. Large registry data, used to examine these issues, may be subject to early ascertainment bias, such as those accruing from nonregistration of with end-stage kidney disease who die shortly after dialysis initiation and inclusion of patients with acute kidney injury with slower than typical recovery rates. Despite these caveats, available studies have suggested that mortality hazards are much higher in the first 3 months of renal replacement therapy. Prominent modifiable associations of early mortality include late referral to nephrology services, initial dialysis with vascular catheters, and, most problematically, higher glomerular filtration rates at initiation of renal replacement therapy. Despite their imperfections, currently available information is relatively user-unfriendly and could be better leveraged to help patients and treatment teams make better decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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21. A grounded theory approach to security policy elicitation

Author

Foley, Simon N. and Rooney, Vivien

Abstract

Purpose: In this paper, the authors consider how qualitative research techniques that are used in applied psychology to understand a person’s feelings and needs provides a means to elicit their security needs. Design/methodology/approach: Recognizing that the codes uncovered during a grounded theory analysis of semi-structured interview data can be interpreted as policy attributes, the paper develops a grounded theory-based methodology that can be extended to elicit attribute-based access control style policies. In this methodology, user-participants are interviewed and machine learning is used to build a Bayesian network-based policy from the subsequent (grounded theory) analysis of the interview data. Findings: Using a running example – based on a social psychology research study centered around photograph sharing – the paper demonstrates that in principle, qualitative research techniques can be used in a systematic manner to elicit security policy requirements. Originality/value: While in principle qualitative research techniques can be used to elicit user requirements, the originality of this paper is a systematic methodology and its mapping into what is actionable, that is, providing a means to generate a machine-interpretable security policy at the end of the elicitation process.

Published
2018
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22. Renal Consequences of Diabetes After Kidney Donation

Author

Ibrahim, H. N., Berglund, D. M., Jackson, S., Vock, D. M., Foley, R. N., and Matas, A. J.

Abstract

Whether diabetes after kidney donation is associated with an accelerated GFRdecay in the remaining kidney has not been studied. We determined the incidence of diabetes in kidney donors, and compared GFRchange over time in diabetic to nondiabetic donors, in addition to the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM)on the development of proteinuria, hypertension, and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD). Of the 4014 donors, 309 (7.7%) developed diabetes at a median age of 56.0 years and after a median of 18 years after donation. The difference in annual estimated GFR(eGFR) change between diabetic and nondiabetic donors in the 7 years before the development of DM was −0.08 mL/min/year; p = 0.51. After DMdevelopment, the difference was −1.10 mL/min/year for diabetic donors with hypertension and proteinuria, p < 0.001; −0.19 for diabetic donors with hypertension but no proteinuria, p = 0.29; −0.75 mL/min/year for diabetic donors with proteinuria but no hypertension, p = 0.19; and −0.09 mL/min/year for diabetic donors without proteinuria or hypertension, p = 0.63. When DMwas considered as a time‐dependent covariate, it was associated with the development of proteinuria (hazard ratio [HR] 2.65, 95% confidence interval [CI]1.89–3.70; p < 0.001) and hypertension (HR2.19, 95% CI1.74–2.75; p < 0.001). It was not, however, associated with ESRD. eGFRdecline after DMdevelopment exceeds that of nondiabetic donors only in diabetic donors with concomitant proteinuria and hypertension. A minority of donors develop diabetes after donation, and their rate of GFR change, prevalence of proteinuria, and hypertension is similar to nondonor patients with diabetes.

Published
2017
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24. The Brain in Kidney Disease (BRINK) Cohort Study: Design and Baseline Cognitive Function

Author

Murray, Anne M., Bell, Elizabeth J., Tupper, David E., Davey, Cynthia S., Pederson, Sarah L., Amiot, Elizabeth M., Miley, Kathleen M., McPherson, Lauren, Heubner, Brooke M., Gilbertson, David T., Foley, Robert N., Drawz, Paul E., Slinin, Yelena, Rossom, Rebecca C., Lakshminarayan, Kamakshi, Vemuri, Prashanthi, Jack, Clifford R., and Knopman, David S.

Abstract

The Brain in Kidney Disease (BRINK) Study aims to identify mechanisms that contribute to increased risk for cognitive impairment in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We describe the rationale, design, and methods of the study and report baseline recruitment and cognitive function results.

Published
2016
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25. United States Renal Data System public health surveillance of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease

Author

Collins, Allan J., Foley, Robert N., Gilbertson, David T., and Chen, Shu-Cheng

Abstract

The United States Renal Data System (USRDS) began in 1989 through US Congressional authorization under National Institutes of Health competitive contracting. Its history includes five contract periods, two of 5 years, two of 7.5 years, and the fifth, awarded in February 2014, of 5 years. Over these 25 years, USRDS reporting transitioned from basic incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), modalities, and overall survival, as well as focused special studies on dialysis, in the first two contract periods to a comprehensive assessment of aspects of care that affect morbidity and mortality in the second two periods. Beginning in 1999, the Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation investigative team transformed the USRDS into a total care reporting system including disease severity, hospitalizations, pediatric populations, prescription drug use, and chronic kidney disease and the transition to ESRD. Areas of focus included issues related to death rates in the first 4 months of treatment, sudden cardiac death, ischemic and valvular heart disease, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and infectious complications (particularly related to dialysis catheters) in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients; the burden of congestive heart failure and infectious complications in pediatric dialysis and transplant populations; and morbidity and access to care. The team documented a plateau and decline in incidence rates, a 28% decline in death rates since 2001, and changes under the 2011 Prospective Payment System with expanded bundled payments for each dialysis treatment. The team reported on Bayesian methods to calculate mortality ratios, which reduce the challenges of traditional methods, and introduced objectives under the Health People 2010 and 2020 national health care goals for kidney disease.

Published
2015
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27. US Renal Data System 2020 Annual Data Report: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease in the United States

Author

Johansen, Kirsten L., Chertow, Glenn M., Foley, Robert N., Gilbertson, David T., Herzog, Charles A., Ishani, Areef, Israni, Ajay K., Ku, Elaine, Kurella Tamura, Manjula, Li, Shuling, Li, Suying, Liu, Jiannong, Obrador, Gregorio T., O’Hare, Ann M., Peng, Yi, Powe, Neil R., Roetker, Nicholas S., St. Peter, Wendy L., Abbott, Kevin C., Chan, Kevin E., Schulman, Ivonne H., Snyder, Jon, Solid, Craig, Weinhandl, Eric D., Winkelmayer, Wolfgang C., and Wetmore, James B.

Published
2021
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28. Another Victory for the Employee Retirement Income Security Act?

Author

Foley, Gretchen N. and Ciccone, J. Richard

Subjects
US Airways Inc. v. McCutchen (Supreme Court case), THIRD parties (Law), EMPLOYEE Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, ACTIONS & defenses (Law)
Abstract

The article discusses the U.S. Supreme Court case U.S. Airways Inc. v. McCutchen about a health benefits plan's claim that it was entitled to a 100 percent reimbursement of medical expenses of the defendant after a third-party recovery under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). The defendant, James McCutchen, argued that the plan was not entitled to recover any money. The court overturned a decision by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals that had rejected the plan's claim.

Published
2015

29. Publisher Correction: Discovery of rare variants associated with blood pressure regulation through meta-analysis of 1.3 million individuals

Author

Surendran, Praveen, Feofanova, Elena V., Lahrouchi, Najim, Ntalla, Ioanna, Karthikeyan, Savita, Cook, James, Chen, Lingyan, Mifsud, Borbala, Yao, Chen, Kraja, Aldi T., Cartwright, James H., Hellwege, Jacklyn N., Giri, Ayush, Tragante, Vinicius, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Liu, Dajiang J., Prins, Bram P., Stewart, Isobel D., Cabrera, Claudia P., Eales, James M., Akbarov, Artur, Auer, Paul L., Bielak, Lawrence F., Bis, Joshua C., Braithwaite, Vickie S., Brody, Jennifer A., Daw, E. Warwick, Warren, Helen R., Drenos, Fotios, Nielsen, Sune Fallgaard, Faul, Jessica D., Fauman, Eric B., Fava, Cristiano, Ferreira, Teresa, Foley, Christopher N., Franceschini, Nora, Gao, He, Giannakopoulou, Olga, Giulianini, Franco, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Guo, Xiuqing, Harris, Sarah E., Havulinna, Aki S., Helgadottir, Anna, Huffman, Jennifer E., Hwang, Shih-Jen, Kanoni, Stavroula, Kontto, Jukka, Larson, Martin G., Li-Gao, Ruifang, Lindström, Jaana, Lotta, Luca A., Lu, Yingchang, Luan, Jian’an, Mahajan, Anubha, Malerba, Giovanni, Masca, Nicholas G. D., Mei, Hao, Menni, Cristina, Mook-Kanamori, Dennis O., Mosen-Ansorena, David, Müller-Nurasyid, Martina, Paré, Guillaume, Paul, Dirk S., Perola, Markus, Poveda, Alaitz, Rauramaa, Rainer, Richard, Melissa, Richardson, Tom G., Sepúlveda, Nuno, Sim, Xueling, Smith, Albert V., Smith, Jennifer A., Staley, James R., Stanáková, Alena, Sulem, Patrick, Thériault, Sébastien, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Trompet, Stella, Varga, Tibor V., Velez Edwards, Digna R., Veronesi, Giovanni, Weiss, Stefan, Willems, Sara M., Yao, Jie, Young, Robin, Yu, Bing, Zhang, Weihua, Zhao, Jing-Hua, Zhao, Wei, Zhao, Wei, Evangelou, Evangelos, Aeschbacher, Stefanie, Asllanaj, Eralda, Blankenberg, Stefan, Bonnycastle, Lori L., Bork-Jensen, Jette, Brandslund, Ivan, Braund, Peter S., Burgess, Stephen, Cho, Kelly, Christensen, Cramer, Connell, John, Mutsert, Renée de, Dominiczak, Anna F., Dörr, Marcus, Eiriksdottir, Gudny, Farmaki, Aliki-Eleni, Gaziano, J. Michael, Grarup, Niels, Grove, Megan L., Hallmans, Göran, Hansen, Torben, Have, Christian T., Heiss, Gerardo, Jørgensen, Marit E., Jousilahti, Pekka, Kajantie, Eero, Kamat, Mihir, Käräjämäki, AnneMari, Karpe, Fredrik, Koistinen, Heikki A., Kovesdy, Csaba P., Kuulasmaa, Kari, Laatikainen, Tiina, Lannfelt, Lars, Lee, I-Te, Lee, Wen-Jane, Linneberg, Allan, Martin, Lisa W., Moitry, Marie, Nadkarni, Girish, Neville, Matt J., Palmer, Colin N. A., Papanicolaou, George J., Pedersen, Oluf, Peters, James, Poulter, Neil, Rasheed, Asif, Rasmussen, Katrine L., Rayner, N. William, Mägi, Reedik, Renström, Frida, Rettig, Rainer, Rossouw, Jacques, Schreiner, Pamela J., Sever, Peter S., Sigurdsson, Emil L., Skaaby, Tea, Sun, Yan V., Sundstrom, Johan, Thorgeirsson, Gudmundur, Esko, Tõnu, Trabetti, Elisabetta, Tsao, Philip S., Tuomi, Tiinamaija, Turner, Stephen T., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Vaartjes, Ilonca, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Willer, Cristen J., Wilson, Peter W. F., Witte, Daniel R., Yonova-Doing, Ekaterina, Zhang, He, Aliya, Naheed, Almgren, Peter, Amouyel, Philippe, Asselbergs, Folkert W., Barnes, Michael R., Blakemore, Alexandra I., Boehnke, Michael, Bots, Michiel L., Bottinger, Erwin P., Buring, Julie E., Chambers, John C., Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Conen, David, Correa, Adolfo, Davey Smith, George, Boer, Rudolf A. de, Deary, Ian J., Dedoussis, George, Deloukas, Panos, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Elliott, Paul, Felix, Stephan B., Ferrières, Jean, Ford, Ian, Fornage, Myriam, Franks, Paul W., Franks, Stephen, Frossard, Philippe, Gambaro, Giovanni, Gaunt, Tom R., Groop, Leif, Gudnason, Vilmundur, Harris, Tamara B., Hayward, Caroline, Hennig, Branwen J., Herzig, Karl-Heinz, Ingelsson, Erik, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Järvelin, Marjo-Riitta, Jukema, J. Wouter, Kardia, Sharon L. R., Kee, Frank, Kooner, Jaspal S., Kooperberg, Charles, Launer, Lenore J., Lind, Lars, Loos, Ruth J. F., Majumder, Abdulla al Shafi., Laakso, Markku, McCarthy, Mark I., Melander, Olle, Mohlke, Karen L., Murray, Alison D., Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne, Orho-Melander, Marju, Packard, Chris J., Padmanabhan, Sandosh, Palmas, Walter, Polasek, Ozren, Porteous, David J., Prentice, Andrew M., Province, Michael A., Relton, Caroline L., Rice, Kenneth, Ridker, Paul M., Rolandsson, Olov, Rosendaal, Frits R., Rotter, Jerome I., Rudan, Igor, Salomaa, Veikko, Samani, Nilesh J., Sattar, Naveed, Sheu, Wayne H.-H., Smith, Blair H., Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Timothy D., Starr, John M., Sebert, Sylvain, Taylor, Kent D., Lakka, Timo A., Timpson, Nicholas J., Tobin, Martin D., van der Harst, Pim, van der Meer, Peter, Ramachandran, Vasan S., Verweij, Niek, Virtamo, Jarmo, Völker, Uwe, Weir, David R., Zeggini, Eleftheria, Charchar, Fadi J., Wareham, Nicholas J., Langenberg, Claudia, Tomaszewski, Maciej, Butterworth, Adam S., Caulfield, Mark J., Danesh, John, Edwards, Todd L., Holm, Hilma, Hung, Adriana M., Lindgren, Cecilia M., Liu, Chunyu, Manning, Alisa K., Morris, Andrew P., Morrison, Alanna C., O’Donnell, Christopher J., Psaty, Bruce M., Saleheen, Danish, Stefansson, Kari, Boerwinkle, Eric, Chasman, Daniel I., Levy, Daniel, Newton-Cheh, Christopher, Munroe, Patricia B., and Howson, Joanna M. M.

Abstract

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-021-00832-z.

Published
2021
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