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Abstract Despite the little information about the facial papules due to Lichen planopilaris (LPP), we have many cases with facial skin roughness in which histological study has showed LPP. Additionally, in those patients treating for frontal fibrosing alopecia or scalp LPP there was no improvement in facial papules.

Abstract Muehrcke's lines are a type of apparent leukonychia that are common in patients receiving chemotherapeutic agents. They are self‐limited, and there is no need to more workup.

Prevalence of pathogenic bacteria, Candida and Trichomonas vaginalis among women referring for pap smear in Yazd, Iran.(2015-2016) Abstract Background: In this study the prevalence of vaginitis caused by bacterial pathogen, Candida and Trichomonas vaginalis was investigated in women referring for pap smear to Sina lab in Yazd , 2015-2016. Materials and methods: This study was conducted on 588 women who referred for pap smear to Sina lab in Iran during march 2015-septamber2016. Cervical and vaginal samples was obtained and examined by the Papaniocolaou Test . And the prevalence of bacterial,candida and trichomonas was determined. Results: The overall prevalence of vaginitis was 32 percent(189 cases). The age of infected individual was 37.24+_9.9 years. Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis 29%(172 cases), candida 4.25%(25 cases) and trichomonas was .34%(2 cases). Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and a low prevalence of trichomonas vaginalis. Due to adverse outcomes of disease , there is a great need for public education regarding implementation of personal hygienic measures and prevention of inappropriate sexual contacts.

Given the importance of models in complicated problem solving, an inappropriate energy model can lead to inaccurate decisions and poor policy prescriptions. This paper aims at developing a decision support tool with which the selection of appropriate model characteristics can be facilitated for developing countries. Hence, it provides a comparative overview of different ways of energy models characterization and extracts the underlying relationships amongst them. Moreover, evolution of dynamic characteristics of energy models for developing countries is identified according to the previous studies on the developed and developing countries. To do this, it reviews the related literature and follows a systematic comparative approach to achieve its purposes. These findings are helpful in cases where model developers themselves are looking for appropriate characteristics in terms of certain purpose or situation.

The two dimensional (2D) plasmon propagation in the channel of a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) is numerically modeled using the full wave technique. To analyze the proposed structure, the Maxwell’s equations are solved inconjuction to the hydrodynamic transport equations, using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The properties of the 2D plasmons propagation along the channel are investigated by applying different bias voltages to the drain and the gate terminals. The obtained results show that the wavelengths and the propagation constants of the 2D plasmons are considerably affected by varying the bias voltages. Moreover, the proposed full wave model is employed to investigate the tunability of a grating gate HEMT detector over terahertz (THz) frequencies. Our studies demonstrate that it is possible to control the characteristics of the 2D plasmon propagation along the channel of HEMT devices to produce various types of reconfigurable structures used for THz applications.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio, and lipid parameters and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in healthy euthyroid individuals. This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 1st and July 20th, 2013, at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. One hundred forty euthyroid individuals were divided into 2 groups: a high-TSH group (TSH between 2.0 and 5.5 mIU/L, n=67) and a low-TSH group (TSH between 0.3 and 2.0 mIU/L, n=73). After overnight fast, total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), TSH, thyroxine (T4), and triiodothyronine (T3) were measured. Height and weight were measured with a stadiometer, and BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters. Waist-to-hip ratio was determined as waist circumference divided by hip circumference. The simple independent t-test and a general linear model were used for statistical analysis. All statistical analyses were done using the SPSS, version 15, statistical software package. BMI and LDL-C were significantly higher in the high-TSH group than in the low-TSH group after adjustment for age, sex, calorie intake, total fat and carbohydrate intakes, and physical activity. No significant differences were found between the groups in TG, cholesterol, and HDL-C. The association between TSH levels andT4 was significant. Individuals with TSH levels at the upper limit of normality might be at risk of hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

Background: Female genital mutilation is an intentional inhumane procedure that threatens girls and women's health. It is especially widespread in developing countries due to cultural, traditional and religious preferences. The aim of the current study was to investigate how circumcision affects women's sexual function. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the urban and rural area of Piranshahr County, Iran, in 2015 among convenience samples of 200 women, 15-49 yr old, who were applying to health care centers for receiving routine health care services. Data collection was conducted with the use of a self-administered written questionnaire to assess female sexual function, mental well-being, and quality of life. Results: Significant differences were found between circumcised and non-circumcised women in total score of female sexual function index (FSFI) in domains of desire, arousal, vaginal moisture, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain [(P