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1,344 results on '"Emmrich A."'

1. Chromosome-scale assembly of the African yam bean genome

Author

Waweru, Bernice, Njaci, Isaac, Paliwal, Rajneesh, Maranga, Mary, Muli, Collins, Murungi, Edwin, Kaimenyi, Davies, Lyimo, Beatus, Nigussie, Helen, Ahadi, Bwihangane Birindwa, Assefa, Ermias, Ishag, Hassan, Olomitutu, Oluwaseyi, Abberton, Michael, Darby, Christopher, Uauy, Cristobal, Yao, Nasser, Adewale, Daniel, Emmrich, Peter, Entfellner, Jean-Baka Domelevo, and Shorinola, Oluwaseyi

Published
2024
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7. Two subspace methods for frequency sparse graph signals

Author

Emmrich, Tarek, Juhnke-Kubitzke, Martina, and Kunis, Stefan

Subjects
Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, 41A30, 05C50
Abstract

We study signals that are sparse in graph spectral domain and develop explicit algorithms to reconstruct the support set as well as partial components from samples on few vertices of the graph. The number of required samples is independent of the total size of the graph and takes only local properties of the graph into account. Our results rely on an operator based framework for subspace methods and become effective when the spectral eigenfunctions are zero-free or linear independent on small sets of the vertices. The latter has recently been adressed using algebraic methods by the first author.

Published
2023

8. Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues.

Author

Lu, A, Fei, Z, Haghani, A, Robeck, T, Zoller, J, Li, C, Lowe, R, Yan, Q, Zhang, J, Vu, H, Ablaeva, J, Acosta-Rodriguez, V, Adams, D, Almunia, J, Aloysius, A, Ardehali, R, Arneson, A, Baker, C, Banks, G, Belov, K, Bennett, N, Black, P, Bors, E, Breeze, C, Brooke, R, Brown, J, Carter, G, Caulton, A, Cavin, J, Chakrabarti, L, Chatzistamou, I, Chen, H, Cheng, K, Chiavellini, P, Choi, O, Clarke, S, Cooper, L, Cossette, M, Day, J, DeYoung, J, DiRocco, S, Dold, C, Ehmke, E, Emmons, C, Emmrich, S, Erbay, E, Erlacher-Reid, C, Faulkes, C, Ferguson, S, Flower, J, Gaillard, J, Garde, E, Gerber, L, Gladyshev, V, Gorbunova, V, Goya, R, Grant, M, Green, C, Hales, E, Hanson, M, Hart, D, Haulena, M, Herrick, K, Hogan, A, Hogg, C, Hore, T, Izpisua Belmonte, J, Jasinska, A, Jones, G, Jourdain, E, Kashpur, O, Katcher, H, Katsumata, E, Kaza, V, Kiaris, H, Kobor, M, Kordowitzki, P, Koski, W, Krützen, M, Kwon, S, Larison, B, Lee, S, Lehmann, M, Lemaitre, J, Lim, A, Lin, D, Lindemann, D, Little, T, Macoretta, N, Maddox, D, Matkin, C, Mattison, J, McClure, M, Mergl, J, Meudt, J, Montano, G, Mozhui, K, Munshi-South, J, Naderi, A, and Nagy, M

Subjects
Humans, Mice, Animals, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Aging, Longevity, Mammals
Abstract

Aging, often considered a result of random cellular damage, can be accurately estimated using DNA methylation profiles, the foundation of pan-tissue epigenetic clocks. Here, we demonstrate the development of universal pan-mammalian clocks, using 11,754 methylation arrays from our Mammalian Methylation Consortium, which encompass 59 tissue types across 185 mammalian species. These predictive models estimate mammalian tissue age with high accuracy (r > 0.96). Age deviations correlate with human mortality risk, mouse somatotropic axis mutations and caloric restriction. We identified specific cytosines with methylation levels that change with age across numerous species. These sites, highly enriched in polycomb repressive complex 2-binding locations, are near genes implicated in mammalian development, cancer, obesity and longevity. Our findings offer new evidence suggesting that aging is evolutionarily conserved and intertwined with developmental processes across all mammals.

Published
2023

9. Automated reasoning support for Standpoint-OWL 2

Author

Emmrich, Florian, Álvarez, Lucía Gómez, and Strass, Hannes

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Logic in Computer Science
Abstract

We present a tool for modelling and reasoning with knowledge from various diverse (and possibly conflicting) viewpoints. The theoretical underpinnings are provided by enhancing base logics by standpoints according to a recently introduced formalism that we also recall. The tool works by translating the standpoint-enhanced version of the description logic SROIQ to its plain (i.e. classical) version. Existing reasoners can then be directly used to provide automated support for reasoning about diverse standpoints.

Published
2023

10. Chebotar\'ev's nonvanishing minors for eigenvectors of random matrices and graphs

Author

Emmrich, Tarek

Subjects
Mathematics - Spectral Theory, Mathematics - Probability, 05C25 (Primary) 65T50, 15B52, 05C50 (Secondary)
Abstract

For a matrix $\mathbf{M} \in \mathbb{K}^{n \times n}$ we establish a condition on the Galois group of the characteristic polynomial $\varphi_\mathbf{M}$ that induces nonvanishing of the minors of the eigenvector matrix of $\mathbf{M}$. For $\mathbb{K}=\mathbb{Z}$ recent results by Eberhard show that, conditionally on the extended Riemann hypothesis, this condition is satisfied with high probability and hence with high probability the minors of eigenvector matrices of random integer matrices are nonzero. For random graphs this yields a novel uncertainty principle, related to Chebotar\"ev's theorem on the roots of unity and results from Tao and Meshulam. We also show the application in graph signal processing and the connection to the rank of the walk matrix.

Published
2023

11. DNA methylation networks underlying mammalian traits.

Author

Haghani, Amin, Li, Caesar, Robeck, Todd, Zhang, Joshua, Lu, Ake, Ablaeva, Julia, Acosta-Rodríguez, Victoria, Adams, Danielle, Alagaili, Abdulaziz, Almunia, Javier, Aloysius, Ajoy, Amor, Nabil, Ardehali, Reza, Arneson, Adriana, Baker, C, Banks, Gareth, Belov, Katherine, Bennett, Nigel, Black, Peter, Blumstein, Daniel, Bors, Eleanor, Breeze, Charles, Brooke, Robert, Brown, Janine, Carter, Gerald, Caulton, Alex, Cavin, Julie, Chakrabarti, Lisa, Chatzistamou, Ioulia, Chavez, Andreas, Chen, Hao, Cheng, Kaiyang, Chiavellini, Priscila, Choi, Oi-Wa, Clarke, Shannon, Cook, Joseph, Cooper, Lisa, Cossette, Marie-Laurence, Day, Joanna, DeYoung, Joseph, Dirocco, Stacy, Dold, Christopher, Dunnum, Jonathan, Ehmke, Erin, Emmons, Candice, Emmrich, Stephan, Erbay, Ebru, Erlacher-Reid, Claire, Faulkes, Chris, Fei, Zhe, Ferguson, Steven, Finno, Carrie, Flower, Jennifer, Gaillard, Jean-Michel, Garde, Eva, Gerber, Livia, Gladyshev, Vadim, Goya, Rodolfo, Grant, Matthew, Green, Carla, Hanson, M, Hart, Daniel, Haulena, Martin, Herrick, Kelsey, Hogan, Andrew, Hogg, Carolyn, Hore, Timothy, Huang, Taosheng, Izpisua Belmonte, Juan, Jasinska, Anna, Jones, Gareth, Jourdain, Eve, Kashpur, Olga, Katcher, Harold, Katsumata, Etsuko, Kaza, Vimala, Kiaris, Hippokratis, Kobor, Michael, Kordowitzki, Pawel, Koski, William, Krützen, Michael, Kwon, Soo, Larison, Brenda, Lee, Sang-Goo, Lehmann, Marianne, Lemaître, Jean-François, Levine, Andrew, Li, Xinmin, Li, Cun, Lim, Andrea, Lin, David, Lindemann, Dana, Liphardt, Schuyler, Little, Thomas, Macoretta, Nicholas, Maddox, Dewey, Matkin, Craig, Mattison, Julie, McClure, Matthew, and Mergl, June

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Humans, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, Epigenome, Genome, Mammals, Phylogeny
Abstract

Using DNA methylation profiles (n = 15,456) from 348 mammalian species, we constructed phyloepigenetic trees that bear marked similarities to traditional phylogenetic ones. Using unsupervised clustering across all samples, we identified 55 distinct cytosine modules, of which 30 are related to traits such as maximum life span, adult weight, age, sex, and human mortality risk. Maximum life span is associated with methylation levels in HOXL subclass homeobox genes and developmental processes and is potentially regulated by pluripotency transcription factors. The methylation state of some modules responds to perturbations such as caloric restriction, ablation of growth hormone receptors, consumption of high-fat diets, and expression of Yamanaka factors. This study reveals an intertwined evolution of the genome and epigenome that mediates the biological characteristics and traits of different mammalian species.

Published
2023

12. Nonvanishing minors of eigenvector matrices and consequences

Author

Emmrich Tarek

Subjects
nonvanishing minors, spectral graph theory, 15-02, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract

For a matrix M∈Kn×n{\bf{M}}\in {{\mathbb{K}}}^{n\times n}, we establish a condition on the Galois group of the characteristic polynomial φM{\varphi }_{{\bf{M}}} that induces nonvanishing of the minors of the eigenvector matrix of M{\bf{M}}. For integer matrices, recent results by Eberhard show that, conditionally on the extended Riemann hypothesis, this condition is satisfied with high probability (We say “with high probability” for probability 1−o(1)1-o\left(1) as n→∞n\to \infty .) and hence, with high probability, the minors of eigenvector matrices of random integer matrices are nonzero. For random graphs, this yields a novel uncertainty principle, related to Chebotarëv’s theorem on the roots of unity and results from Tao and Meshulam. We also show the application in graph signal processing and the connection to the rank of the walk matrix.

Published
2024
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13. Impact of Hemoglobin Levels on Composite Cardiac Arrest or Stroke Outcome in Patients With Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19

Author

Shi Nan Feng, BSPH, Thu-Lan Kelly, PhD, John F. Fraser, MD, PhD, Gianluigi Li Bassi, MD, PhD, Jacky Suen, PhD, Akram Zaaqoq, MD, MPH, Matthew J. Griffee, MD, Rakesh C. Arora, MD, Nicole White, PhD, Glenn Whitman, MD, Chiara Robba, MD, PhD, Denise Battaglini, MD, PhD, Sung-Min Cho, DO, MHS, on behalf of COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium (CCCC), Robert Bartlett, John F. Fraser, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Jacky Y. Suen, Heidi J. Dalton, John Laffey, Daniel Brodie, Eddy Fan, Antoni Torres, Davide Chiumello, Alyaa Elhazm, Carol Hodgson, Shingo Ichiba, Carlos Luna, Srinivas Murthy, Alistair Nichol, Pauline Yeung Ng, Mark Ogino, Aidan Burrell, Antonio Pesenti, Tala Al-Dabbous, Huda Alfoudri, Mohammed Shamsah, Subbarao Elapavaluru, Ashley Berg, Christina Horn, Yunis Mayasi, Stephan Schroll, Dan Meyer, Jorge Velazco, Ludmyla Ploskanych, Wanda Fikes, Rohini Bagewadi, Marvin Dao, Haley White, Alondra Berrios Laviena, Ashley Ehlers Maysoon, Shalabi-McGuire, Trent Witt, Lorenzo Grazioli, Luca Lorini, E. Wilson Grandin, Jose Nunez, Tiago Reyes, Diarmuid O’Briain, Stephanie Hunter, Mahesh Ramanan, Julia Affleck, Hemanth Hurkadli Veerendra, Sumeet Rai, Josie Russell-Brown, Mary Nourse, Mark Joseph, Brook Mitchell, Martha Tenzer, Ryuzo Abe, Hwa Jin Cho, In Seok Jeong, Nadeem Rahman, Vivek Kakar, Andres Oswaldo Razo Vazquez, Nicolas Brozzi, Omar Mehkri, Sudhir Krishnan Abhijit, Duggal Stuart Houltham, Jerónimo Graf, Roderigo Diaz, Roderigo Orrego, Camila Delgado, Joyce González, Maria Soledad Sanchez, Michael Piagnerelli, Josefa Valenzuela Sarrazin, A/Prof. Gustavo Zabert, Lucio Espinosa, Paulo Delgado, Victoria Delgado, Diego Fernando, Bautista Rincón, Angela Maria Marulanda Yanten, Melissa Bustamante Duque, Alyaa Elhazmi, Abdullah Al-Hudaib, Maria Callahan, M. Azhari Taufik, Elizabeth Yasmin Wardoyo, Margaretha Gunawan, Nurindah S Trisnaningrum, Vera Irawany, Muhammad Rayhan, Mauro Panigada, Alberto Zanella, Giacomo Grasselli, Sebastiano Colombo, Chiara Martinet, Gaetano Florio, Massimo Antonelli, Simone Carelli, Domenico L. Grieco, Motohiro Asaki, Kota Hoshino, Leonardo Salazar, Mary Alejandra Mendoza Monsalve, Bairbre McNicholas, David Cosgrave, Joseph McCaffrey, Allison Bone, Yusuff Hakeem, James Winearls, Mandy Tallott, David Thomson, Christel Arnold-Day, Jerome Cupido, Zainap Fanie, Malcom Miller, Lisa Seymore, Dawid van Straaten, Ali Ait Hssain, Jeffrey Aliudin, Al-Reem Alqahtani, Khoulod Mohamed, Ahmed Mohamed, Darwin Tan, Joy Villanueva, Ahmed Zaqout, Ethan Kurtzman, Arben Ademi, Ana Dobrita, Khadija El Aoudi, Juliet Segura, Gezy Giwangkancana, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Javier Osatnik, Anne Joosten, Minlan Yang, Ana Motos, Francisco Arancibia, Virginie Williams, Alexandre Noel, Nestor Luque, Marina Fantini, Ruth Noemi Jorge García, Enrique Chicote Alvarez, Anna Greti, Adrian Ceccato, Angel Sanchez, Ana Loza Vazquez, Ferran Roche-Campo, Diego Franch-Llasat, Divina Tuazon, Marcelo Amato, Luciana Cassimiro, Flavio Pola, Francis Ribeiro, Guilherme Fonseca, Heidi Dalton, Mehul Desai, Erik Osborn Hala Deeb, Antonio Arcadipane, Gennaro Martucci, Giovanna Panarello, Chiara Vitiello, Claudia Bianco, Giovanna Occhipinti, Matteo Rossetti, Raffaele Cuffaro, Sung-Min Cho, Glenn Whitman, Hiroaki Shimizu, Naoki Moriyama, Jae-Burm Kim, Nobuya Kitamura, Johannes Gebauer, Toshiki Yokoyama, Abdulrahman Al-Fares, Sarah Buabbas, Esam Alamad, Fatma Alawadhi, Kalthoum Alawadi, Hiro Tanaka, Satoru Hashimoto, Masaki Yamazaki, Tak-Hyuck Oh, Mark Epler, Cathleen Forney, Louise Kruse, Jared Feister, Joelle Williamson, Katherine Grobengieser, Eric Gnall, Sasha Golden, Mara Caroline, Timothy Shapiro, Colleen Karaj, Lisa Thome, Lynn Sher, Mark Vanderland, Mary Welch, Sherry McDermott, Matthew Brain, Sarah Mineall, Dai Kimura, Luca Brazzi, Gabriele Sales, Giorgia Montrucchio, Tawnya Ogston, Dave Nagpal, Karlee Fischer, Roberto Lorusso, Rajavardhan Rangappa, Sujin Rai, Argin Appu, Mariano Esperatti, Nora Angélica Fuentes, Maria Eugenia Gonzalez, Edmund G. Carton, Ayan Sen, Amanda Palacios, Deborah Rainey, Gordan Samoukoviv, Josie Campisi, Lucia Durham, Emily Neumann, Cassandra Seefeldt, Octavio Falcucci, Amanda Emmrich, Jennifer Guy, Carling Johns, Kelly Potzner, Catherine Zimmermann, Angelia Espinal, Nina Buchtele, Michael Schwameis, Andrea Korhnfehl, Roman Brock, Thomas Staudinger, Stephanie-Susanne, Stecher Michaela Barnikel, Sófia Antón, Alexandra Pawlikowski, Akram Zaaqoq, Lan Anh Galloway, Caitlin Merley, Marc Csete, Luisa Quesada, Isabela Saba, Daisuke Kasugai, Hiroaki Hiraiwa, Taku Tanaka, Eva Marwali, Yoel Purnama, Santi Rahayu Dewayanti, Ardiyan, Dafsah Arifa Juzar, Debby Siagian, Yih-Sharng Chen, Indrek Ratsep, Andra-Maris Post, Piret Sillaots, Anneli Krund, Merili-Helen Lehiste, Tanel Lepik, Frank Manetta, Effe Mihelis, Iam Claire Sarmiento, Mangala Narasimhan, Michael Varrone, Mamoru Komats, Julia Garcia-Diaz, Catherine Harmon, S. Veena Satyapriya, Amar Bhatt, Nahush A. Mokadam, Alberto Uribe, Alicia Gonzalez, Haixia Shi, Johnny McKeown, Joshua Pasek, Juan Fiorda, Marco Echeverria, Rita Moreno, Bishoy Zakhary, Marco Cavana, Alberto Cucino, Giuseppe Foti, Marco Giani, Benedetta Fumagalli, Valentina Castagna, Andrea Dell’Amore, Paolo Navalesi, Hoi-Ping Shum, Alain Vuysteke, Asad Usman, Andrew Acker, Benjamin Smood, Blake Mergler, Federico Sertic, Madhu Subramanian, Alexandra Sperry, Nicolas Rizer, Erlina Burhan, Menaldi Rasmin, Ernita Akmal, Faya Sitompul, Navy Lolong, Bhat Naivedh, Simon Erickson, Peter Barrett, David Dean, Julia Daugherty, Antonio Loforte, Irfan Khan, Mohammed Abraar Quraishi, Olivia DeSantis, Dominic So, Darshana Kandamby, Jose M. Mandei, Hans Natanael, Eka YudhaLantang, Anastasia Lantang, Surya Oto Wijaya, Anna Jung, George Ng, Wing Yiu Ng, Shu Fang, Alexis Tabah, Megan Ratcliffe, Maree Duroux, Shingo Adachi, Shota Nakao, Pablo Blanco, Ana Prieto, Jesús Sánchez, Meghan Nicholson, Warwick Butt, Alyssa Serratore, Carmel Delzoppo, Pierre Janin, Elizabeth Yarad, Richard Totaro, Jennifer Coles, Bambang Pujo, Robert Balk, Andy Vissing, Esha Kapania, James Hays, Samuel Fox, Garrett Yantosh, Pavel Mishin, Saptadi Yuliarto, Kohar Hari Santoso, Susanthy Djajalaksana, Arie Zainul Fatoni, Masahiro Fukuda, Keibun Liu, Paolo Pelosi, Denise Battaglini, Juan Fernando Masa Jiménez, Diego Bastos, Sérgio Gaião, Desy Rusmawatiningtyas, Young-Jae Cho, Su Hwan Lee, Tatsuya Kawasaki, Laveena Munshi, Pranya Sakiyalak, Prompak Nitayavardhana, Tamara Seitz, Rakesh Arora, David Kent, Daniel Marino, Swapnil Parwar, Andrew Cheng, Jennene Miller, Shigeki Fujitani, Naoki Shimizu, Jai Madhok, Clark Owyang, Hergen Buscher, Claire Reynolds, Olavi Maasikas, Aleksan Beljantsev, Vladislav Mihnovits, Takako Akimoto, Mariko Aizawa, Kanako Horibe, Ryota Onodera, Meredith Young, Timothy George, Kiran Shekar, Niki McGuinness, Lacey Irvine, Brigid Flynn, Tomoyuki Endo, Kazuhiro Sugiyama, Keiki Shimizu, Kathleen Exconde, Leslie Lussier, Gösta Lotz, Maximilian Malfertheiner, Lars Maier, Esther Dreier, Neurinda Permata Kusumastuti, Colin McCloskey, Al-Awwab Dabaliz, Tarek B Elshazly, Josiah Smith, Konstanty S. Szuldrzynski, Piotr Bielański, Keith Wille, Ken Kuljit, S. Parhar, Kirsten M. Fiest, Cassidy Codan, Anmol Shahid, Mohamed Fayed, Timothy Evans, Rebekah Garcia, Ashley Gutierrez, Tae Song, Rebecca Rose, Suzanne Bennett, Denise Richardson, Giles Peek, Lovkesh Arora, Kristina Rappapport, Kristina Rudolph, Zita Sibenaller, Lori Stout, Alicia Walter, Daniel Herr, Nazli Vedadi, Shaun Thompson, Julie Hoffman, Xiaonan Ying, Ryan Kennedy, Muhammed Elhadi, Matthew Griffee, Anna Ciullo, Yuri Kida, Ricard Ferrer Roca, JordI Riera, Sofia Contreras, Cynthia Alegre, Christy Kay, Irene Fischer, Elizabeth Renner, Hayato Taniguci, John Fraser, Jacky Suen, Adrian Barnett, Nicole White, Kristen Gibbons, Simon Forsyth, Amanda Corley, India Pearse, Samuel Hinton, Gabriella Abbate, Halah Hassan, Silver Heinsar, Varun A Karnik, Katrina Ki, Hollier F. O’Neill, Nchafatso Obonyo, Leticia Pretti Pimenta, Janice D. Reid, Kei Sato, Aapeli Vuorinen, Karin S. Wildi, Emily S. Wilson, Stephanie Yerkovich, James Lee, Daniel Plotkin, Barbara Wanjiru Citarella, Laura Merson, Emma Hartley, Bastian Lubis, Takanari Ikeyama, Balu Bhaskar, Jae-Seung Jung, Shay McGuinness, Glenn Eastwood, Sandra Rossi Marta, Fabio Guarracino, Stacy Gerle, Emily Coxon, Bruno Claro, Daniel Loverde, Namrata Patil, Vieri Parrini, Angela McBride, Kathryn Negaard, Angela Ratsch, Ahmad Abdelaziz, Juan David Uribe, Adriano Peris, Mark Sanders, Dominic Emerson, Muhammad Kamal, Pedro Povoa, Roland Francis, Ali Cherif, Sunimol Joseph, Matteo Di Nardo, Micheal Heard, Kimberly Kyle, Ray A Blackwell, Patrick Biston, Hye Won Jeong, Reanna Smith, Yogi Prawira, Arturo Huerta Garcia, Nahikari Salterain, Bart Meyns, Marsha Moreno, Rajat Walia, Amit Mehta, Annette Schweda, Moh Supriatna, Cenk Kirakli, Melissa Williams, Kyung Hoon Kim, Alexandra Assad, Estefania Giraldo, Wojtek Karolak, Martin Balik, Elizabeth Pocock, Evan Gajkowski, Kanamoto Masafumi, Nicholas Barrett, Yoshihiro Takeyama, Sunghoon Park, Faizan Amin, Fina Meilyana Andriyani, Serhii Sudakevych, Magdalena Vera, Rodrigo Cornejo, Patrícia Schwarz, Ana Carolina Mardini, Thais de Paula, Ary Serpa Neto, Andrea Villoldo, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alejandro Ubeda Iglesias, Juan Granjean, Lívia Maria Garcia Melro, Giovana Fioravante Romualdo, Diego Gaia, Helmgton Souza, Filomena Galas, Rafael Máñez Mendiluce, Alejandra Sosa, Ignacio Martinez, Hiroshi Kurosawa, Juan Salgado, Beate Hugi-Mayr, Eric Charbonneau, Vitor Salvatore Barzilai, Veronica Monteiro, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Souza, Michael Harper, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Celina Adams, Jorge Brieva, George Nyale, Faisal Saleem Eltatar, Jihan Fatani, Husam Baeissa, Ayman AL Masri, Ahmed Rabie, Mok Yee Hui, Masahiro Yamane, Hanna Jung, Ayorinde Mojisola Margaret, Newell Nacpil, Katja Ruck, Rhonda Bakken, Claire Jara, Tim Felton, Lorenzo Berra, Bobby Shah, Arpan Chakraborty, Monika Cardona, Gerry Capatos, Bindu Akkanti, Abiodun Orija, Harsh Jain, Asami Ito, Brahim Housni, Sennen Low, Koji Iihara, Joselito Chavez, Kollengode Ramanathan, Gustavo Zabert, Krubin Naidoo, Ian Seppelt, Marlice VanDyk, Sarah MacDonald, Randy McGregor, Teka Siebenaler, Hannah Flynn, Kristi Lofton, Toshiyuki Aokage, Kazuaki Shigemitsu, Andrea Moscatelli, Giuseppe Fiorentino, Matthias Baumgaertel, Serge Eddy Mba, Jana Assy, Amelya Hutahaean, Holly Roush, Kay A Sichting, Francesco Alessandri, Debra Burns, Gavin Salt, Carl P. Garabedian, Jonathan Millar, Malcolm Sim, Adrian Mattke, Danny McAuley, Jawad Tadili, Tim Frenzel, Yaron Bar-Lavie, Aaron Blandino Ortiz, Jackie Stone, Antony Attokaran, Michael Farquharson, Brij Patel, Derek Gunning, Kenneth Baillie, Pia Watson, Kenji Tamai, Gede Ketut Sajinadiyasa, Dyah Kanyawati, Marcello Salgado, Assad Sassine, Bhirowo Yudo, Scott McCaul, Bongjin Lee, Sang Min Lee, Arnon Afek, Yoshiaki Iwashita, Bambang Pujo Semedi, Jack Metiva, Nicole Van Belle, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Lenny Ivatt, Chia Yew Woon, Hyun Mi Kang, Timothy Smith, Erskine James, Nawar Al-Rawas, Yudai Iwasaki, Kenny Chan King-Chung, Vadim Gudzenko, Fabio Taccone, Fajar Perdhana, Yoan Lamarche, Joao Miguel Ribeiro, Nikola Bradic, Klaartje Van den Bossche, Oude Lansink, Gurmeet Singh, Gerdy Debeuckelaere, Henry T. Stelfox, Cassia Yi, Jennifer Elia, Thomas Tribble, Shyam Shankar, Raj Padmanabhan, Bill Hallinan, Luca Paoletti, Yolanda Leyva, Tatuma Fykuda, Jenelle Badulak, Jillian Koch, Amy Hackman, Lisa Janowaik, Deb Hernandez, Jennifer Osofsky, Katia Donadello, Aizah Lawang, Josh Fine, and Benjamin Davidson

Subjects
Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid, RC86-88.9
Abstract

OBJECTIVES:. Anemia has been associated with an increased risk of both cardiac arrest and stroke, frequent complications of COVID-19. The effect of hemoglobin level at ICU admission on a composite outcome of cardiac arrest or stroke in an international cohort of COVID-19 patients was investigated. DESIGN:. Retrospective analysis of prospectively collected database. SETTING:. A registry of COVID-19 patients admitted to ICUs at over 370 international sites was reviewed for patients diagnosed with cardiac arrest or stroke up to 30 days after ICU admission. Anemia was defined as: normal (hemoglobin ≥ 12.0 g/dL for women, ≥ 13.5 g/dL for men), mild (hemoglobin 10.0–11.9 g/dL for women, 10.0–13.4 g/dL for men), moderate (hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 and < 10.0 g/dL for women and men), and severe (hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL for women and men). PATIENTS:. Patients older than 18 years with acute COVID-19 infection in the ICU. INTERVENTIONS:. None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:. Of 6926 patients (median age = 59 yr, male = 65%), 760 patients (11.0%) experienced stroke (2.0%) and/or cardiac arrest (9.4%). Cardiac arrest or stroke was more common in patients with low hemoglobin, occurring in 12.8% of patients with normal hemoglobin, 13.3% of patients with mild anemia, and 16.7% of patients with moderate/severe anemia. Time to stroke or cardiac arrest by anemia status was analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression with death as a competing risk. Covariates selected through clinical knowledge were age, sex, comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and cardiac or neurologic conditions), pandemic era, country income, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Moderate/severe anemia was associated with a higher risk of cardiac arrest or stroke (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.05–1.67). CONCLUSIONS:. In an international registry of ICU patients with COVID-19, moderate/severe anemia was associated with increased hazard of cardiac arrest or stroke.

Published
2024
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14. Stroke in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to COVID-19: Disparities between low-middle and high-income countries

Author

Al-Dabbous, Tala, Alfoudri, Huda, Shamsah, Mohammed, Alfroukh, Khadeejeh, Bairmani, Zinah Aqeel Abdulzahra, Khalid, Khalid Jehad, Abukhalaf, Salsabeel M.A., Hadhoud, Mohammed Maher, Abdrabo, Mohamed Fouad, Fathi, Mohamed, Alhouri, Hasan, Shahla, Dr Hamza, Alhadad, Qamrah, Hanan, Matly, Elapavaluru, Subbarao, Berg, Ashley, Horn, Christina, Abdelhalim, Ahmed Reda Mohamed Elsayed, Amer, Amro Essam, Elnaggar, Cinderella Omar Rageh, Hassan, Ahmed Ayman, Abdelaziz, Ali, Abdelhalim, Mohamed, Orabi, Yehia Samir Shaaban Aly, Alaraji, Zinah A., Muhaisen, Mo'nes R., Almasri, Lana, Mustafa, Dana, Hamdan, Shaher, Al-Saba'a, Yousef, Dalloul, Zaina, Alkahlout, Mohammed, Jaber, Hamza, Aldabbourosama, Osama, Abdalhadi, Alaa Abdalfattah, Hussein, Aliae AR Mohamed, Emad, Zarief Kamel, Khaled, Sarah, Mohamed, Nouralsabah, Hassanin, Ebtisam, Hamdi, Abdelhafeez, Gamal, May, Emad, Ahmed, Ragab, Abdelrahman, Azizeldin, Mohammed G, Hamza, Almthani, Omer, Alsarrah Ali Mohammed, Fadl alla, Asgad Osman Abdalla, Abdallahrs, Asia Atif Abdelrahman, Eltayeb, Aml Ahmed, Alhasan, Maali khalid mohamed abdalla, Abdelgaum, Esraa Hassan, Ahmed, Aya Mustafa, Abdulbaqi, Lamees Adil, Mohammedelhassan, Omer Abdullah, Ahmed, Musaab Mohammed Mohammed, Ali, Maha TagElser Mohammed, Mayasi, Yunis, Schroll, Stephan, Meyer, Dan, Velazco, Jorge, Ploskanych, Ludmyla, Fikes, Wanda, Bagewadi, Rohini, Dao, Marvin, White, Haley, Laviena, Alondra Berrios, Ehlers, Ashley, Shalabi-McGuire, Maysoon, Witt, Trent, Grazioli, Lorenzo, Lorini, Luca, Grandin, E. Wilson, Nunez, Jose, Reyes, Tiago, O'Briain, Diarmuid, Hunter, Stephanie, Ramanan, Mahesh, Affleck, Julia, Veerendra, Hemanth Hurkadli, Rai, Sumeet, Russell-Brown, Josie, Nourse, Mary, Joseph, Mark, Mitchell, Brook, Tenzer, Martha, Abe, Ryuzo, Cho, Hwa Jin, Jeong, In Seok, Rahman, Nadeem, Kakar, Vivek, Tamimi, Ahmed, Zabalawi, Diala, Elhennawi, Mohamed, Ghisulal, Praveen, Malik, Sadaf, Brozzi, Nicolas, Mehkri, Omar, Krishnan, Sudhir, Duggal, Abhijit, Houltham, Stuart, Graf, Jerónimo, Diaz, Roderigo, Orrego, Roderigo, Delgado, Camila, González, Joyce, Sanchez, Maria Soledad, Piagnerelli, Michael, Sarrazin, Josefa Valenzuela, Zabert, Prof. Gustavo, Espinosa, Lucio, Delgado, Paulo, Delgado, Victoria, Rincón, Diego Fernando Bautista, Yanten, Angela Maria Marulanda, Duque, Melissa Bustamante, Brodie, Daniel, Abouelmagd, Khaled, Elhazmi, Alyaa, Al-Hudaib, Abdullah, Javidfar, Jeff, Callahan, Maria, Dong, Andy, D'Orleans, Charles Crepy, Taufik, M. Azhari, Wardoyo, Elizabeth Yasmin, Gunawan, Margaretha, Trisnaningrum, Nurindah S, Irawany, Vera, Rayhan, Muhammad, Panigada, Mauro, Pesenti, Antonio, Zanella, Alberto, Grasselli, Giacomo, Colombo, Sebastiano, Martinet, Chiara, Florio, Gaetano, Antonelli, Massimo, Carelli, Simone, Grieco, Domenico L., Asaki, Motohiro, Hoshino, Kota, Salazar, Leonardo, Monsalve, Mary Alejandra Mendoza, Laffey, John, McNicholas, Bairbre, Cosgrave, David, Atif, Minha, Qutishat, Fadi, Laffey, Caoimhe, Van Der Walt, Michaeal, McCaffrey, Joseph, Bone, Allison, Trickey, Jemma, Horton, Michelle, Pearce, Stephanie, Salerno, Tania, Mohamed, Akram, Alhaddad, Salem, Bakeer, Baliad, Haitam, Shames, Shalabi, Laila, Ahmed, Mohammed Abodina, Hakeem, Yusuff, Winearls, James, Tallott, Mandy, Thomson, David, Joubert, Ivan, Arnold-Day, Christel, Piercy, Jenna, Smit, Richard van Zyl, Miller, Malcom, Seymour, Lisa, van Heyningen, Francois, Teyangesikayi, Gilbert, Fredericks, David, Hssain, Ali Ait, Aliudin, Jeffrey, Alqahtani, Al-Reem, Mohamed, Khoulod, Mohamed, Ahmed, Tan, Darwin, Villanueva, Joy, Zaqout, Ahmed, Labib, Ahmed, Kurtzman, Ethan, Ademi, Arben, Dobrita, Ana, Aoudi, Khadija El, Segura, Juliet, Giwangkancana, Gezy, Ohshimo, Shinichiro, Osatnik, Javier, Joosten, Anne, Torres, Antoni, Yang, Minlan, Motos, Ana, Luna, Carlos, Arancibia, Francisco, Williams, Virginie, Noel, Alexandre, Luque, Nestor, Fantini, Marina, García, Ruth Noemi Jorge, Alvarez, Enrique Chicote, Greti, Anna, Ceccato, Adrian, Sanchez, Angel, Vazquez, Ana Loza, Roche-Campo, Ferran, Franch-Llasat, Diego, Tuazon, Divina, Amato, Marcelo, Cassimiro, Luciana, Pola, Flavio, Ribeiro, Francis, Fonseca, Guilherme, Dalton, Heidi, Desai, Mehul, Osborn, Erik, Deeb, Hala, Arcadipane, Antonio, Martucci, Gennaro, Panarello, Giovanna, Vitiello, Stefano, Bianco, Claudia, Occhipinti, Giovanna, Rossetti, Matteo, Cuffaro, Raffaele, Siddig, Nidhal, Cho, Sung-Min, Whitman, Glenn, Sayed, Marwan El, Mokhtar, Walaa, El-Shenawy, Eslam, Shimizu, Hiroaki, Moriyama, Naoki, Kim, Jae-Burm, Kitamura, Nobuya, Gebauer, Johannes, Yokoyama, Toshiki, Al-Fares, Abdulrahman, Buabbas, Sarah, Alamad, Esam, Alawadhi, Fatma, Alawadi, Kalthoum, Khalefa, Mohamed Ahmed, Ajeel, Nourah Ahmad Abdulaziz Al, Aly, Mohammad Fathy, Al-Saleh, Abdullah, Naanouh, Abdullah, Elshourbgy, Alaa Mohammed, Gad, Mohamed Yousef, ElRazaz, Rania Mohamed, Khadadah, Ibrahim, Almumin, Ahmed Mohammed, Altarakma, Hala, Albannay, Hasan, Alsaleh, Mohammed Kh, Radwan, Mahmoud Saad Abdallah, Saadallah, Islam Ahmed, Tanaka, Hiro, Hashimoto, Satoru, Yamazaki, Masaki, Oh, Tak-Hyuck, Epler, Mark, Forney, Cathleen, Kruse, Louise, Feister, Jared, Williamson, Joelle, Grobengieser, Katherine, Gnall, Eric, Golden, Sasha, Caroline, Mara, Shapiro, Timothy, Karaj, Colleen, Thome, Lisa, Sher, Lynn, Vanderland, Mark, Welch, Mary, McDermott, Sherry, Brain, Matthew, Mineall, Sarah, Unwin, Maria, Chen, Lixian, Trezise, Tarnya, McKeon, Laurie, Kimura, Dai, Brazzi, Luca, Sales, Gabriele, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Ogston, Tawnya, Nagpal, Dave, Fischer, Karlee, Lorusso, Roberto, van Bussell, Bas, De Piero, Maria Elena, Mariani, Silvia, Rangappa, Dr Rajavardhan, Shetty, Dr Rajesh Mohan, P, Sujin Rai, Ganesan, Argin, Tharwat, Samar, Esperatti, Mariano, Fuentes, Nora Angélica, Gonzalez, Maria Eugenia, Carton, Edmund G., Sen, Ayan, Palacios, Amanda, Rainey, Deborah, Samoukoviv, Gordan, Campisi, Josie, Durham, Lucia, Neumann, Emily, Seefeldt, Cassandra, Falcucci, Octavio, Emmrich, Amanda, Guy, Jennifer, Johns, Carling, Potzner, Kelly, Zimmermann, Catherine, Espinal, Angelia, Buchtele, Nina, Schwameis, Michael, Korhnfehl, Andrea, Brock, Roman, Staudinger, Thomas, Stecher, Stephanie-Susanne, Barnikel, Michaela, Antón, Sófia, Pawlikowski, Alexandra, Zaaqoq, Akram, Galloway, Lan Anh, Merley, Caitlin, Muftah, Mohamed, Nichol, Alistair, Csete, Marc, Quesada, Luisa, Saba, Isabela, Kasugai, Daisuke, Hiraiwa, Hiroaki, Tanaka, Taku, Marwali, Eva, Purnama, Yoel, Dewayanti, Santi Rahayu, Ardiyan, Juzar, Dafsah Arifa, Siagian, Debby, Chen, Yih-Sharng, Aldhalia, Amer, Ogino, Mark, Nasa, Prashant, Matthew, Christina, Majeed, Nimisha Abdul, Hafez, Wael, Ratsep, Indrek, Post, Andra-Maris, Sillaots, Piret, Krund, Anneli, Lehiste, Merili-Helen, Lepik, Tanel, Manetta, Frank, Mihelis, Effe, Sarmiento, Iam Claire, Narasimhan, Mangala, Varrone, Michael, Komats, Mamoru, Garcia-Diaz, Julia, Harmon, Catherine, Satyapriya, S. Veena, Bhatt, Amar, Mokadam, Nahush A., Uribe, Alberto, Gonzalez, Alicia, Shi, Haixia, McKeown, Johnny, Pasek, Joshua, Fiorda, Juan, Echeverria, Marco, Moreno, Rita, Zakhary, Bishoy, Cavana, Marco, Cucino, Alberto, Foti, Giuseppe, Giani, Marco, Fumagalli, Benedetta, Chiumello, Davide, Castagna, Valentina, Dell'Amore, Andrea, Navalesi, Paolo, Shum, Hoi-Ping, Vuysteke, Alain, Usman, Asad, Acker, Andrew, Smood, Benjamin, Mergler, Blake, Sertic, Federico, Subramanian, Madhu, Sperry, Alexandra, Rizer, Nicolas, Burhan, Erlina, Rasmin, Menaldi, Akmal, Ernita, Sitompul, Faya, Lolong, Navy, Naivedh, Bhat, Erickson, Simon, Barrett, Peter, Dean, David, Daugherty, Julia, Loforte, Antonio, Khan, Irfan, Quraishi, Mohammed Abraar, DeSantis, Olivia, Nasrallah, Ahmad, So, Dominic, Kandamby, Darshana, Mandei, Jose M., Natanael, Hans, YudhaLantang, Eka, Lantang, Anastasia, Wijaya, Surya Oto, Jung, Anna, Ng, George, Ng, Wing Yiu, Ng, Pauline Yeung, Fang, Shu, Tabah, Alexis, Ratcliffe, Megan, Duroux, Maree, Alajeeli, Ahmed, Tarhabat, Ali, Adachi, Shingo, Nakao, Shota, Blanco, Pablo, Prieto, Ana, Sánchez, Jesús, Nicholson, Meghan, Butt, Warwick, Serratore, Alyssa, Delzoppo, Carmel, Janin, Pierre, Yarad, Elizabeth, Totaro, Richard, Coles, Jennifer, Pujo, Bambang, Balk, Robert, Vissing, Andy, Kapania, Esha, Hays, James, Fox, Samuel, Yantosh, Garrett, Mishin, Pavel, Adem, Safia, Yuliarto, Saptadi, Santoso, Kohar Hari, Djajalaksana, Susanthy, Fatoni, Arie Zainul, Fukuda, Masahiro, Liu, Keibun, Pelosi, Paolo, Battaglini, Denise, Robba, Chiara, Jiménez, Juan Fernando Masa, Bastos, Diego, Gaião, Sérgio, Rusmawatiningtyas, Desy, Cho, Young-Jae, Lee, Su Hwan, Kawasaki, Tatsuya, Munshi, Laveena, Sakiyalak, Pranya, Nitayavardhana, Prompak, Elagili, Mohamed Bashir, Salem, Talat Ahmed Abu, Seitz, Tamara, Arora, Rakesh, Kent, David, Marino, Daniel, Parwar, Swapnil, Cheng, Andrew, Miller, Jennene, Fujitani, Shigeki, Shimizu, Naoki, Madhok, Jai, Owyang, Clark, Buscher, Hergen, Reynolds, Claire, Abdurraouf, Abusalama, Kredan, Ali Abdulnasir, Haddud, Abdurrahman, Moharam, Saad, Maasikas, Olavi, Beljantsev, Aleksan, Mihnovits, Vladislav, Akimoto, Takako, Aizawa, Mariko, Horibe, Kanako, Onodera, Ryota, Hodgson, Carol, Burrell, Aidan, Young, Meredith, George, Timothy, Shekar, Kiran, McGuinness, Niki, Irvine, Lacey, Flynn, Brigid, Almjersah, Abdulrahman, Bakri, Ashraf, Endo, Tomoyuki, Sugiyama, Kazuhiro, Shimizu, Keiki, Fan, Eddy, Exconde, Kathleen, Ichiba, Shingo, Binnawara, Muhannud, Embarek, Hussein, Lussier, Leslie, Lotz, Gösta, Malfertheiner, Maximilian, Maier, Lars, Dreier, Esther, Kusumastuti, Neurinda Permata, McCloskey, Colin, Dabaliz, Al-Awwab, Elshazly, Tarek B, Smith, Josiah, Szuldrzynski, Konstanty S., Bielański, Piotr, Wille, Keith, Murthy, Srinivas, Parhar, Ken Kuljit S., Fiest, Kirsten M., Codan, Cassidy, Shahid, Anmol, Fayed, Mohamed, Evans, Timothy, Garcia, Rebekah, Gutierrez, Ashley, Song, Tae, Rose, Rebecca, Bennett, Suzanne, Richardson, Denise, Peek, Giles, Arora, Lovkesh, Rappapport, Kristina, Rudolph, Kristina, Sibenaller, Zita, Stout, Lori, Walter, Alicia, Herr, Daniel, Vedadi, Nazli, Bartlett, Robert, Thompson, Shaun, Hoffman, Julie, Ying, Xiaonan, Williams, Bailey, Sanchez, Emely, Akwani, Chika, Kennedy, Ryan, Elhadi, Muhammed, Griffee, Matthew, Mone, Mary, Ciullo, Anna, Kida, Yuri, Roca, Ricard Ferrer, Riera, JordI, Contreras, Sofia, Alegre, Cynthia, Kay, Christy, Fischer, Irene, Renner, Elizabeth, Taniguci, Hayato, Lee, James, Plotkin, Daniel, Citarella, Barbara Wanjiru, Merson, Laura, Hartley, Emma, Lubis, Bastian, Ikeyama, Takanari, Mortada, Alshaymaa, Alhamad, Ameen, Mechi, Ahmed, Nadar, Islam Mohsen Ali Mohamed Hassan, Alyasiri, Mohammed Saleh, Elsaid, Muhammed Zainab Alghali, Bhaskar, Balu, Jung, Jae-Seung, McGuinness, Shay, Eastwood, Glenn, Marta, Sandra Rossi, Guarracino, Fabio, Gerle, Stacy, Coxon, Emily, Claro, Bruno, Aldressi, Wafa, Eleisawy, Mahmoud, Osama, Hasnaa, Loverde, Daniel, Patil, Namrata, Parrini, Vieri, McBride, Angela, Negaard, Kathryn, Ratsch, Angela, Abdelaziz, Ahmad, Uribe, Juan David, Peris, Adriano, Sanders, Mark, Emerson, Dominic, Kamal, Muhammad, Faida, Hamza, Povoa, Pedro, Francis, Roland, Cherif, Ali, Joseph, Sunimol, Nardo, Matteo Di, Heard, Micheal, Kyle, Kimberly, Blackwell, Ray A, OUYAHIA, Amel, Biston, Patrick, Jeong, Hye Won, Smith, Reanna, Prawira, Yogi, Garcia, Arturo Huerta, Salterain, Nahikari, Meyns, Bart, Elnasser, Muhammed, Moreno, Marsha, Walia, Rajat, Mehta, Amit, Schweda, Annette, Williams, Melissa, Amkhatirah, Emad, Kim, Kyung Hoon, Assad, Alexandra, Giraldo, Estefania, Karolak, Wojtek, Balik, Martin, Pocock, Elizabeth, Gajkowski, Evan, Bedair, Mohamed, Masafumi, Kanamoto, Barrett, Nicholas, Takeyama, Yoshihiro, Park, Sunghoon, Amin, Faizan, Andriyani, Fina Meilyana, Sudakevych, Serhii, Schnur, Janos, Vera, Magdalena, Cornejo, Rodrigo, Schwarz, Patrícia, Mardini, Ana Carolina, de Paula, Thais, Neto, Ary Serpa, Villoldo, Andrea, Colafranceschi, Alexandre Siciliano, Iglesias, Alejandro Ubeda, Granjean, Juan, Melro, Lívia Maria Garcia, Romualdo, Giovana Fioravante, Gaia, Diego, Souza, Helmgton, Galas, Filomena, Mendiluce, Rafael Máñez, Sosa, Alejandra, Martinez, Ignacio, Kurosawa, Hiroshi, Almoshantaf, Mohammad Badr, Salgado, Juan, Hugi-Mayr, Beate, Charbonneau, Eric, Barzilai, Vitor Salvatore, Monteiro, Veronica, de Souza, Rodrigo Ribeiro, Harper, Michael, Suzuki, Hiroyuki, Adams, Celina, Brieva, Jorge, Khamees, Almu'atasim, Graige, Fadi, Supriatna, Moh, Nyale, George, Eltatar, Faisal Saleem, Fatani, Jihan, Baeissa, Husam, Masri, Ayman AL, Rabie, Ahmed, Hui, Mok Yee, Yamane, Masahiro, Jung, Hanna, Margaret, Ayorinde Mojisola, Nacpil, Newell, Ruck, Katja, Bakken, Rhonda, Jara, Claire, Felton, Tim, Berra, Lorenzo, Shah, Bobby, Chakraborty, Arpan, Cardona, Monika, Capatos, Gerry, Akkanti, Bindu, Orija, Abiodun, Jain, Harsh, Ito, Asami, Housni, Brahim, Low, Sennen, Iihara, Koji, Chavez, Joselito, Ramanathan, Kollengode, Zabert, Gustavo, Naidoo, Krubin, Seppelt, Ian, VanDyk, Marlice, MacDonald, Sarah, McGregor, Randy, Siebenaler, Teka, Flynn, Hannah, Lofton, Kristi, Aokage, Toshiyuki, Kvirkvelia, Bakar, Shigemitsu, Kazuaki, Moscatelli, Andrea, Fiorentino, Giuseppe, Baumgaertel, Matthias, Mba, Serge Eddy, Assy, Jana, Hutahaean, Amelya, Roush, Holly, Sichting, Kay A, Alessandri, Francesco, Burns, Debra, Alkhubouli, Taha Husayn, Salt, Gavin, Garabedian, Carl P., Millar, Jonathan, Sim, Malcolm, Mattke, Adrian, McAuley, Danny, Tadili, Jawad, Frenzel, Tim, Abuleil, Amro, Bar-Lavie, Yaron, Ortiz, Aaron Blandino, Stone, Jackie, Attokaran, Antony, Farquharson, Michael, Patel, Brij, Gunning, Derek, Baillie, Kenneth, Watson, Pia, Tamai, Kenji, Saaid, Ayoub, Anania, Pasquale, Sajinadiyasa, Gede Ketut, Kanyawati, Dyah, Salgado, Marcello, Sassine, Assad, Yudo, Bhirowo, McCaul, Scott, Lee, Bongjin, Lee, Sang Min, Afek, Arnon, Fattouh, Shimaa E, Iwashita, Yoshiaki, Fadlalmola, Hammad, Semedi, Bambang Pujo, Mansour, Noureldin Mohamed, Metiva, Jack, Van Belle, Nicole, Martin-Loeches, Ignacio, Al-Sadawi, Dr Mohammed, Kirakli, Cenk, Shimaa, Al-Touny, Ivatt, Lenny, Woon, Chia Yew, Kang, Hyun Mi, Smith, Timothy, James, Erskine, Al-Rawas, Nawar, Iwasaki, Yudai, Ashour, Hamza, King-Chung, Kenny Chan, Gudzenko, Vadim, Taccone, Fabio, Perdhana, Fajar, Lamarche, Yoan, Ribeiro, Joao Miguel, Bradic, Nikola, Van den Bossche, Klaartje, Lansink, Oude, Singh, Gurmeet, Debeuckelaere, Gerdy, Stelfox, Henry T., Yi, Cassia, Elia, Jennifer, Tribble, Thomas, Shankar, Shyam, Padmanabhan, Raj, Hallinan, Bill, Paoletti, Luca, Leyva, Yolanda, Fykuda, Tatuma, Badulak, Jenelle, Koch, Jillian, Janowaik, Lisa, Hackman, Amy, Hernandez, Deb, Osofsky, Jennifer, Donadello, Katia, Lawang, Aizah, Fine, Josh, Davidson, Benjamin, Vazquez, Andres Oswaldo Razo, Abdehaleem, Ibrahim, Kelly, Thu-Lan, Fanning, Jonathon, Premraj, Lavienraj, Porto, Diego Bastos, White, Nicole M., Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Suen, Jacky, and Fraser, John F.

Published
2024
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15. Effect of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Mobile Payments for Maternal Health: Regression Discontinuity Analysis

Author

Samuel Knauss, Gracia Andriamiadana, Roxane Leitheiser, Zavaniarivo Rampanjato, Till Bärnighausen, and Julius Valentin Emmrich

Subjects
Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the unprecedented popularity of digital financial services for contactless payments and government cash transfer programs to mitigate the economic effects of the pandemic. The effect of the pandemic on the use of digital financial services for health in low- and middle-income countries, however, is poorly understood. ObjectiveThis study aimed to assess the effect of the first COVID-19 lockdown on the use of a mobile maternal health wallet, with a particular focus on delineating the age-dependent differential effects, and draw conclusions on the effect of lockdown measures on the use of digital health services. MethodsWe analyzed 819,840 person-days of health wallet use data from 3416 women who used health care at 25 public sector primary care facilities and 4 hospitals in Antananarivo, Madagascar, between January 1 and August 27, 2020. We collected data on savings, payments, and voucher use at the point of care. To estimate the effects of the first COVID-19 lockdown in Madagascar, we used regression discontinuity analysis around the starting day of the first COVID-19 lockdown on March 23, 2020. We determined the bandwidth using a data-driven method for unbiased bandwidth selection and used modified Poisson regression for binary variables to estimate risk ratios as lockdown effect sizes. ResultsWe recorded 3719 saving events, 1572 payment events, and 3144 use events of electronic vouchers. The first COVID-19 lockdown in Madagascar reduced mobile money savings by 58.5% (P30 years recovered substantially faster, returning to prelockdown rates after 34, 226, and 77 days for savings, payments, and voucher use, respectively. Younger women aged

Published
2024
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16. Digital technologies for health financing in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol

Author

Manuela De Allegri, Verena Struckmann, Wilm Quentin, Samuel Knauss, Julius Valentin Emmrich, Inke Mathauer, Daniel Opoku, Carolina Pioch, and Nouria Brikci

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Introduction Universal health coverage (UHC) is a global priority, ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare services without financial hardship. Many countries face challenges in progressing towards UHC. Health financing is pivotal for advancing UHC by raising revenues, enabling risk-sharing through pooling of funds and allocating resources. Digital technologies in the healthcare sector offer promising opportunities for health systems. In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), digital technologies for health financing (DTHF) have gained traction, supporting these three main functions of health financing for UHC. As existing information on DTHF in LMICs is limited, our scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of DTHF in LMICs. Our objectives include identifying and describing existing DTHF, exploring evaluation approaches, examining their positive and negative effects, and investigating facilitating factors and barriers to implementation at the national level.Methods and analysis Our scoping review follows the six stages proposed by Arksey and O’Malley, further developed by Levac et al and the Joanna Briggs Institute. The reporting adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews framework. Eligibility criteria for studies reflect the three core elements of the search: (1) health financing, (2) digital technologies and (3) LMICs. We search multiple databases, including Medline via PubMed, EMBASE via Ovid, the Web of Science Core Collection, CENTRAL via Cochrane and the Global Index Medicus by the WHO. The extracted information is synthesised from both quantitative and qualitative studies.Ethics and dissemination As our scoping review is based solely on information gathered from previously published studies, documents and publicly available scientific literature, ethical clearance is not required for its conduct. The findings are presented and discussed in a peer-reviewed article, as well as shared at conferences relevant to the topic.

Published
2024
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17. Local spin base invariance from a global differential-geometrical point of view

Author

Emmrich, Claudio

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Mathematical Physics
Abstract

This article gives a geometric interpretation of the spin base formulation with local spin base invariance of spinors on a curved space-time and in particular of a central element, the global Dirac structure, in terms of principal and vector bundles and their endomorphisms. It is shown that this is intimately related to Spin and Spin^C structures in the sense that the existence of one of those implies the existence of a Dirac structure and allows an extension to local spin base invariance. Vice versa, as a central result, the existence of a Dirac structure implies the existence of a Spin^C structure. Nevertheless, the spin base invariant setting may be considered more general, allowing more physical degrees of freedom. Furthermore, arguments are given that the Dirac structure is a more natural choice as a variable for (quantum) gravity than tetrads/vielbeins.

Published
2021
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18. Nonsplitting of the Hilbert exact sequence and the principal Chebotarev density theorem

Author

Duan, Lian, Emmrich, Kelly, Ma, Ning, and Wang, Xiyuan

Subjects
Mathematics - Number Theory, 11R45, 11Y40
Abstract

Let $K/k$ be a finite Galois extension of number fields, and let $H_K$ be the Hilbert class field of $K$. We find a way to verify the nonsplitting of the short exact sequence $$1\to Cl_K\to \text{Gal}(H_K/k)\to\text{Gal}(K/k)\to 1$$ by finite calculation. Our method is based on the study of the principal version of the Chebotarev density theorem, which represents the density of the prime ideals of $k$ that factor into the product of principal prime ideals in $K$. We also find explicit equations to express the principal density in terms of the invariants of $K/k$. In particular, we prove that the group structure of the ideal class group of $K$ can be determined by reading the principal densities.

Published
2021

20. Counting Rocks! An Introduction to Combinatorics

Author

Adams, Henry, Emmrich, Kelly, Gillespie, Maria, Golden, Shannon, and Pries, Rachel

Subjects
Mathematics - History and Overview
Abstract

This textbook, "Counting Rocks!", is the written component of an interactive introduction to combinatorics at the undergraduate level. Throughout the text, we link to videos where we describe the material and provide examples. The major topics in this text are counting problems (Chapters 1-4), proof techniques (Chapter 5), recurrence relations and generating functions (Chapters 6-7), and an introduction to graph theory (Chapters 8-12). The material and the problems we include are standard for an undergraduate combinatorics course. In addition to the linked videos, most chapters contain an investigation section, where students are led through a series of deeper problems on a topic. In several sections, we show students how to use the free, open source computing software SAGE in order to solve problems. We have included many illustrative figures throughout the text, and we end each section and chapter with a list of exercises of varying difficulty., Comment: 220 pages

Published
2021

21. Inter-facility transfers for emergency obstetrical and neonatal care in rural Madagascar: a cost-effectiveness analysis

Author

Till Bärnighausen, Mara Anna Franke, Rinja Mitolotra Ranaivoson, Mahery Rebaliha, Samuel Knauss, Julius Valentin Emmrich, Nadine Muller, Kim Nordmann, Anna Frühauf, and Zavaniarivo Rapanjato

Subjects
Medicine
Abstract

Context There is a substantial lack of inter-facility referral systems for emergency obstetrical and neonatal care in rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Data on the costs and cost-effectiveness of such systems that reduce preventable maternal and neonatal deaths are scarce.Setting We aimed to determine the cost-effectiveness of a non-governmental organisation (NGO)-run inter-facility referral system for emergency obstetrical and neonatal care in rural Southern Madagascar by analysing the characteristics of cases referred through the intervention as well as its costs.Design We used secondary NGO data, drawn from an NGO’s monitoring and financial administration database, including medical and financial records.Outcome measures We performed a descriptive and a cost-effectiveness analysis, including a one-way deterministic sensitivity analysis.Results 1172 cases were referred over a period of 4 years. The most common referral reasons were obstructed labour, ineffective labour and eclampsia. In total, 48 neonates were referred through the referral system over the study period. Estimated cost per referral was US$336 and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was US$70 per additional life-year saved (undiscounted, discounted US$137). The sensitivity analysis showed that the intervention was cost-effective for all scenarios with the lowest ICER at US$99 and the highest ICER at US$205 per additional life-year saved. When extrapolated to the population living in the study area, the investment costs of the programme were US$0.13 per person and annual running costs US$0.06 per person.Conclusions In our study, the inter-facility referral system was a very cost-effective intervention. Our findings may inform policies, decision-making and implementation strategies for emergency obstetrical and neonatal care referral systems in similar resource-constrained settings.

Published
2024
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22. Call for action: addressing the alarming surge of HIV in Madagascar

Author

Mihaja Raberahona, Xavier Vallès, Mamy Jean de Dieu Randria, Andosoa Ratefiharimanana, Julius Valentin Emmrich, Rivo Andry Rakotoarivelo, Diavolana Andrianarimanana-Köcher, Emmanuel Harizaka Andriamasy, Anne-Caroline Benski, Andrew Walsh, Kyle Robinson, and Nadine Muller

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published
2024
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23. Analysis of a model for the dynamics of microswimmer suspensions

Author

Emmrich, Etienne and Geuter, Lukas

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q35, 35K52, 76A05
Abstract

In this paper, a model that was recently derived in Reinken et al. [11] to describe the dynamics of microswimmer suspensions is studied. In particular, the global existence of weak solutions, their weak-strong uniqueness and a connection to a different model that was proposed in Wensink et al. [18] is shown., Comment: 18 pages

Published
2020
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24. Author Correction: Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus

Author

Edwards, Anne, Njaci, Isaac, Sarkar, Abhimanyu, Jiang, Zhouqian, Kaithakottil, Gemy George, Moore, Christopher, Cheema, Jitender, Stevenson, Clare E. M., Rejzek, Martin, Novák, Petr, Vigouroux, Marielle, Vickers, Martin, Wouters, Roland H. M., Paajanen, Pirita, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Moore, Jonathan D., Higgins, Janet, Swarbreck, David, Martens, Stefan, Kim, Colin Y., Weng, Jing-Ke, Mundree, Sagadevan, Kilian, Benjamin, Kumar, Shiv, Loose, Matt, Yant, Levi, Macas, Jiří, Wang, Trevor L., Martin, Cathie, and Emmrich, Peter M. F.

Published
2023
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26. Genomics and biochemical analyses reveal a metabolon key to β-L-ODAP biosynthesis in Lathyrus sativus

Author

Edwards, Anne, Njaci, Isaac, Sarkar, Abhimanyu, Jiang, Zhouqian, Kaithakottil, Gemy George, Moore, Christopher, Cheema, Jitender, Stevenson, Clare E. M., Rejzek, Martin, Novák, Petr, Vigouroux, Marielle, Vickers, Martin, Wouters, Roland H. M., Paajanen, Pirita, Steuernagel, Burkhard, Moore, Jonathan D., Higgins, Janet, Swarbreck, David, Martens, Stefan, Kim, Colin Y., Weng, Jing-Ke, Mundree, Sagadevan, Kilian, Benjamin, Kumar, Shiv, Loose, Matt, Yant, Levi, Macas, Jiří, Wang, Trevor L., Martin, Cathie, and Emmrich, Peter M. F.

Published
2023
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27. Mosques and Meeting Rooms: Professional Lives of Muslim Women

Author

Claudia Derichs, Faiza Muhammad Din, and Manja Stephan-Emmrich

Subjects
Asia, Muslim women, religious knowledge, professionalisation, concepts of profession, knowledge production, History of Asia, DS1-937, Unlocalized maps (Asian studies only), G9900-9980, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania, PL1-8844
Abstract

This IQAS special issue relates to the relationship between religious knowledge and women’s professionalisation. It links empirical observations of applied religious knowledge with the conceptualisation of professionalisation, examined through case studies from Southeast, South and Central Asia. The lens it looks through is intentionally gender-sensitive, exploring how Muslim women in Asia actively and creatively participate in the production and dissemination of religious knowledge and the formation of new knowledge societies through participation in social activism and the global economy on multiple scales. The authors are members and partners of a research initiative that seeks to explore women’s pathways to professionalisation in Muslim Asia. In the course of three years, substantial findings have come to light that lead the authors of this issue to suggest a more flexible understanding of the concept of “profession” and the notion of “religious knowledge”.

Published
2024
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28. Female, Veiled, Active: Muslim Professionals in Self-development Training in Today’s Kyrgyzstan

Author

Manja Stephan-Emmrich and Mukaram Toktogulova

Subjects
Kyrgyzstan, women, Islam, Muslim professionalism, spiritual self-development, embodied pedagogy, History of Asia, DS1-937, Unlocalized maps (Asian studies only), G9900-9980, Languages and literature of Eastern Asia, Africa, Oceania, PL1-8844
Abstract

This article investigates the nexus between private Islamic education initiatives and spiritual self-development trainings that address in particular Muslim women in Kyrgyzstan. Translating religious knowledge into a pedagogy for self-development that works through biography, embodiment and persuasive aesthetics, publicly active veiled Muslim women contribute to the pluralisation of Islamic knowledge circulation in Kyrgyzstan and shape a kind of female leadership distinct from that of traditional religious authorities. Tackling Muslim professionalism as a practice of articulation that works through an embodied pedagogy, the authors highlight how professional Muslim women engage in affective politics and construct collective subjectivities that build on notions of Muslim modernity by promoting the imaginary of the active, self-reliant and knowledgeable Muslim woman. Thinking Muslim professionalism through affective work, this article seeks to better understand how Muslim renewal and religious revitalisation inspire educational and media professionalism in today’s Kyrgyzstan. Furthermore, the paper discusses the ways in which publicly active veiled Muslim women build inclusive communities of belonging through professional activities that transcend social and spatial boundaries.

Published
2024
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29. Proportion of foetal and placental implantation abnormalities in Madagascar: A cross-sectional study of 35,919 women at public-sector primary healthcare facilities in central and southern Madagascar, 2017-2020.

Author

Franziska Krätzig, Jie Mei, Mahery Rebaliha, Zavaniarivo Rampanjato, Rinja Ranaivoson, Jenia Razafinjato, Jan-Walter De Neve, Mara Anna Franke, Nadine Muller, and Julius Valentin Emmrich

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BackgroundLike other countries in sub-Saharan Africa, Madagascar has a high burden of maternal and neonatal mortality. However, as the proportion of foetal and placental abnormalities among the Malagasy population is unknown, strategies aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality are challenging to define and implement.MethodsWe conducted a multi-year, cross-sectional study using secondary NGO data on obstetric ultrasound, including patient records of all pregnant women who received an obstetric ultrasound screening between July 1st, 2017, and September 30th, 2020, at 62 public-sector primary care facilities in urban and rural regions of Madagascar. We analysed demographic characteristics and determined the prevalence of foetal and placental abnormalities.ResultsThe dataset included 38,688 ultrasound screening reports from 35,919 women, where 2,587/35,919 (7.20%) women had more than one ultrasound exam. Most women (68.63%, 26,550/38,688) received their first ultrasound during the third trimester of pregnancy. Foetal malpresentation at 36 weeks of gestation or later was diagnosed in 5.48% (176/3,211) of women with the breech presentation being most common (breech 3.99%, 128/3,211; transverse 0.84%, 27/3,211; mobile 0.5%, 16/3,211; oblique 0.16%, 5/3,211). Placenta previa was found in 2.31% (875/38,755) and multiple gestations in 1.03% (370/35,919) cases. Around one in every 150 women (0.66%, 234/38,702) had amniotic fluid disorders.ConclusionThe proportion of foetal and placental abnormalities detected by obstetric ultrasound is consistent with findings from other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. In contrast to current WHO recommendations, pregnant women, particularly those from rural, resource-constrained settings attend obstetric ultrasound screenings most commonly during their third trimester of pregnancy.

Published
2024
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30. Activation of Nod2 signaling upon norovirus infection enhances antiviral immunity and susceptibility to colitis

Author

Ghaffar Muharram, Marion Thépaut, Pierre-Emmanuel Lobert, Teddy Grandjean, Olivier Boulard, Myriam Delacre, Emmrich Wakeford, Richard Wheeler, Lionel Franz Poulin, Ivo Gomperts Boneca, Frank Lafont, Marie-Cécile Michallet, Didier Hober, Ken Cadwell, and Mathias Chamaillard

Subjects
Antiviral immunity, colitis, macrophages NOD2, norovirus, signaling, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

ABSTRACTOver 90% of epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis are caused by human noroviruses (NoVs), which persist in a substantial subset of people allowing their spread worldwide. This has led to a significant number of endemic cases and up to 70,000 children deaths in developing countries. NoVs are primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route. To date, studies have focused on the influence of the gut microbiota on enteric viral clearance by mucosal immunity. In this study, the use of mouse norovirus S99 (MNoV_S99) and CR6 (MNoV_CR6), two persistent strains, allowed us to provide evidence that the norovirus-induced exacerbation of colitis severity relied on bacterial sensing by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (Nod2). Consequently, Nod2-deficient mice showed reduced levels of gravity of Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis with both viral strains. And MNoV_CR6 viremia was heightened in Nod2-/- mice in comparison with animals hypomorphic for Atg16l1, which are prone to aggravated inflammation under DSS. Accordingly, the infection of macrophages derived from WT mice promoted the phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) and NOD2’s expression levels. Higher secretion of Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF[Formula: see text]) following NOD2 activation and better viral clearance were measured in these cells. By contrast, reduced levels of pSTAT1 and blunted downstream secretion of TNF[Formula: see text] were found in Nod2-deficient macrophages infected by MNoV_S99. Hence, our results uncover a previously unidentified virus-host-bacterial interplay that may represent a novel therapeutic target for treating noroviral origin gastroenteritis that may be linked with susceptibility to several common illnesses such as Crohn’s disease.

Published
2023
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32. On a multivalued differential equation with nonlocality in time

Author

Eikmeier, André and Emmrich, Etienne

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 47J35, 34G25, 45K05, 35R70
Abstract

The initial value problem for a multivalued differential equation is studied, which is governed by the sum of a monotone, hemicontinuous, coercive operator fulfilling a certain growth condition and a Volterra integral operator in time of convolution type with exponential decay. The two operators act on different Banach spaces where one is not embedded in the other. The set-valued right-hand side is measurable and satisfies certain continuity and growth conditions. Existence of a solution is shown via a generalisation of the Kakutani fixed-point theorem.

Published
2019

34. Design Research to Embed mHealth into a Community-Led Blood Pressure Management System in Uganda: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study

Author

Josephine Schwab, Jonas Wachinger, Richard Munana, Maxencia Nabiryo, Isaac Sekitoleko, Juliette Cazier, Rebecca Ingenhoff, Caterina Favaretti, Vasanthi Subramonia Pillai, Ivan Weswa, John Wafula, Julius Valentin Emmrich, Till Bärnighausen, Felix Knauf, Samuel Knauss, Christine K Nalwadda, Nikkil Sudharsanan, Robert Kalyesubula, and Shannon A McMahon

Subjects
Medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

BackgroundUncontrolled hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In Uganda, such diseases account for approximately 10% of all deaths, with 1 in 5 adults having hypertension (>90% of the hypertensive cases are uncontrolled). Although basic health care in the country is available free of cost at government facilities, regularly accessing medication to control hypertension is difficult because supply chain challenges impede availability. Clients therefore frequently suspend treatment or buy medication individually at private facilities or pharmacies (incurring significant costs). In recent years, mobile health (mHealth) interventions have shown increasing potential in addressing health system challenges in sub-Saharan Africa, but the acceptability, feasibility, and uptake conditions of mobile money approaches to chronic disease management remain understudied. ObjectiveThis study aims to design and pilot-test a mobile money–based intervention to increase the availability of antihypertensive medication and lower clients’ out-of-pocket payments. We will build on existing local approaches and assess the acceptability, feasibility, and uptake of the designed intervention. Furthermore, rather than entering the study setting with a ready-made intervention, this research will place emphasis on gathering applied ethnographic insights early, which can then inform the parameters of the intervention prototype and concurrent trial. MethodsWe will conduct a mixed methods study following a human-centered design approach. We will begin by conducting extensive qualitative research with a range of stakeholders (clients; health care providers; religious, cultural, and community leaders; academics; and policy makers at district and national levels) on their perceptions of hypertension management, money-saving systems, and mobile money in the context of health care. Our results will inform the design, iterative adaptation, and implementation of an mHealth-facilitated pooled financing intervention prototype. At study conclusion, the finalized prototype will be evaluated quantitatively via a randomized controlled trial. ResultsAs of August 2023, qualitative data collection, which started in November 2022, is ongoing, with data analysis of the first qualitative interviews underway to inform platform and implementation design. Recruitment for the quantitative part of this study began in August 2023. ConclusionsOur results aim to inform the ongoing discourse on novel and sustainable pathways to facilitate access to medication for the management of hypertension in resource-constrained settings. Trial RegistrationGerman registry of clinical trials DRKS00030922; https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00030922 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/46614

Published
2023
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35. Virtual Non-Contrast versus True Native in Photon-Counting CT: Stability of Density of Upper Abdominal Organs and Vessels

Author

Florian Haag, Shanice S. Emmrich, Alexander Hertel, Johann S. Rink, Dominik Nörenberg, Stefan O. Schoenberg, and Matthias F. Froelich

Subjects
photon-counting computed tomography, virtual non-contrast, multiphasic computed tomography, protocol optimization, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

The clinical use of photon-counting CT (PCCT) allows for the generation of virtual non-contrast (VNC) series from contrast-enhanced images. In routine clinical practice, specific issues such as ruling out acute bleeding require non-contrast images. The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of PCCT-derived VNC reconstructions in abdominal imaging. PCCT scans of 17 patients including early arterial, portal venous and native sequences were enrolled. VNC reconstructions have been calculated. In every sequence and VNC reconstruction, 10 ROIs were measured (portal vein, descending aorta, inferior vena cava, liver parenchyma, spleen parenchyma, erector spinae muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue, first lumbar vertebral body, air, and psoas muscle) and density values were compared. The VNC reconstructions show significant changes in density compared to the contrast-enhanced images. However, there were no significant differences present between the true non-contrast (TNC) and any VNC reconstructions in the observed organs and vessels. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between the measured mean density values in the TNC versus VNC reconstructions were found in fat and bone tissue. The PCCT-derived VNC reconstructions seemed to be comparable to the TNC images, despite some deviations shown in the adipose tissue and bone structures. However, the further benefits in terms of specific clinical issues need to be evaluated.

Published
2024
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36. Grasspea

Author

Ellis, Noel, Carlota Vaz Patto, M., Rubiales, Diego, Macas, Jiří, Novák, Petr, Kumar, Shiv, Hao, Xiaopeng, Edwards, Anne, Sarkar, Abhimanyu, Emmrich, Peter, Kole, Chittaranjan, Series Editor, and Chapman, Mark A., editor

Published
2022
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37. Existence of weak solutions to a dynamic model for smectic-A liquid crystals under undulations

Author

Emmrich, Etienne and Lasarzik, Robert

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q35, 35K52, 76A15
Abstract

A nonlinear model due to Soddemann et al. [37] and Stewart [38] describing incompressible smectic-A liquid crystals under flow is studied. In comparison to previously considered models, this particular model takes into account possible undulations of the layers away from equilibrium, which has been observed in experiments. The emerging decoupling of the director and the layer normal is incorporated by an additional evolution equation for the director. Global existence of weak solutions to this model is proved via a Galerkin approximation with eigenfunctions of the associated linear differential operators in the three-dimensional case.

Published
2018
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38. Nonlinear evolution equations with exponentially decaying memory: Existence via time discretisation, uniqueness, and stability

Author

Eikmeier, André, Emmrich, Etienne, and Kreusler, Hans-Christian

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 47J35, 45K05, 34K30, 35K90, 35R09, 65J08, 65M12
Abstract

The initial value problem for an evolution equation of type $v' + Av + BKv = f$ is studied, where $A:V_A \to V_A'$ is a monotone, coercive operator and where $B:V_B \to V_B'$ induces an inner product. The Banach space $V_A$ is not required to be embedded in $V_B$ or vice versa. The operator $K$ incorporates a Volterra integral operator in time of convolution type with an exponentially decaying kernel. Existence of a global-in-time solution is shown by proving convergence of a suitable time discretisation. Moreover, uniqueness as well as stability results are proved. Appropriate integration-by-parts formulae are a key ingredient for the analysis.

Published
2018

39. Nanopore fabrication and characterization by helium ion microscopy

Author

Emmrich, D., Beyer, A., Nadzeyka, A., Bauerdick, S., Meyer, J. C., Kotakoski, J., and Gölzhäuser, A.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The Helium Ion Microscope (HIM) has the capability to image small features with a resolution down to 0.35 nm due to its highly focused gas field ionization source and its small beam-sample interaction volume. In this work, the focused helium ion beam of a HIM is utilized to create nanopores with diameters down to 1.3 nm. It will be demonstrated that nanopores can be milled into silicon nitride, carbon nanomembranes (CNMs) and graphene with well-defined aspect ratio. To image and characterize the produced nanopores, helium ion microscopy and high resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy were used. The analysis of the nanopore's growth behavior, allows inferring on the profile of the helium ion beam.

Published
2018
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40. Convergence of the backward Euler scheme for the operator-valued Riccati differential equation with semi-definite data

Author

Eisenmann, Monika, Emmrich, Etienne, and Mehrmann, Volker

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs
Abstract

For initial value problems associated with operator-valued Riccati differential equations posed in the space of Hilbert--Schmidt operators existence of solutions is studied. An existence result known for algebraic Riccati equations is generalized and used to obtain the existence of a solution to the approximation of the problem via a backward Euler scheme. Weak and strong convergence of the sequence of approximate solutions is established permitting a large class of right-hand sides and initial data.

Published
2018

43. Assessing the Effects of Cytoprotectants on Selective Neuronal Loss, Sensorimotor Deficit and Microglial Activation after Temporary Middle Cerebral Occlusion.

Author

Emmrich, Julius V, Ejaz, Sohail, Williamson, David J, Hong, Young T, Sitnikov, Sergey, Fryer, Tim D, Aigbirhio, Franklin I, Wulff, Heike, and Baron, Jean-Claude

Subjects
KCa3.1, PET, TRAM-34, ischemic stroke, microglial activation, reperfusion injury, selective neuronal loss, KCa3, 1, Neurosciences, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences
Abstract

Although early reperfusion after stroke salvages the still-viable ischemic tissue, peri-infarct selective neuronal loss (SNL) can cause sensorimotor deficits (SMD). We designed a longitudinal protocol to assess the effects of cytoprotectants on SMD, microglial activation (MA) and SNL, and specifically tested whether the KCa3.1-blocker TRAM-34 would prevent SNL. Spontaneously hypertensive rats underwent 15 min middle-cerebral artery occlusion and were randomized into control or treatment group, which received TRAM-34 intraperitoneally for 4 weeks starting 12 h after reperfusion. SMD was assessed longitudinally using the sticky-label test. MA was quantified at day 14 using in vivo [11C]-PK111195 positron emission tomography (PET), and again across the same regions-of-interest template by immunofluorescence together with SNL at day 28. SMD recovered significantly faster in the treated group (p = 0.004). On PET, MA was present in 5/6 rats in each group, with no significant between-group difference. On immunofluorescence, both SNL and MA were present in 5/6 control rats and 4/6 TRAM-34 rats, with a non-significantly lower degree of MA but a significantly (p = 0.009) lower degree of SNL in the treated group. These findings document the utility of our longitudinal protocol and suggest that TRAM-34 reduces SNL and hastens behavioural recovery without marked MA blocking at the assessed time-points.

Published
2019

44. The 4MOTHERS trial of the impact of a mobile money-based intervention on maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Madagascar: study protocol of a cluster-randomized hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial

Author

Etienne Lacroze, Till Bärnighausen, Jan Walter De Neve, Sebastian Vollmer, Rolland Marie Ratsimbazafy, Peter Martin Ferdinand Emmrich, Nadine Muller, Elsa Rajemison, Zavaniarivo Rampanjato, Diana Ratsiambakaina, Samuel Knauss, and Julius Valentin Emmrich

Subjects
Maternal, Out-of-pocket payments, Randomized trial, Digital health, Mobile payment, Sub-Saharan Africa, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstract Background Mobile money—a service enabling users to receive, store, and send electronic money using mobile phones—has been widely adopted across low- and middle-income economies to pay for a variety of services, including healthcare. However, evidence on its effects on healthcare access and health outcomes are scarce and the possible implications of using mobile money for financing and payment of maternal healthcare services—which generally require large one-time out-of-pocket payments—have not yet been systematically assessed in low-resource settings. The aim of this study is to determine the impact on health outcomes, cost-effectiveness, feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of mobile phone-based savings and payment service, the Mobile Maternal Health Wallet (MMHW), for skilled healthcare during pregnancy and delivery among women in Madagascar. Methods This is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation type-1 trial, determining the effectiveness of the intervention while evaluating the context of its implementation in Madagascar’s Analamanga region, containing the capital, Antananarivo. Using a stratified cluster randomized design, 61 public-sector primary-care health facilities were randomized within 6 strata to either receive the intervention or not (29 intervention vs. 32 control facilities). The strata were defined by a health facility’s antenatal care visit volume and its capacity to offer facility-based deliveries. The registered pre-specified primary outcomes are (i) delivery at a health facility, (ii) antenatal care visits, and (iii) total healthcare expenditure during pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal period. The registered pre-specified secondary outcomes include additional health outcomes, economic outcomes, and measurements of user experience and satisfaction. Our estimated enrolment number is 4600 women, who completed their pregnancy between July 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021. A series of nested mixed-methods studies will elucidate client and provider perceptions on feasibility, acceptability, and usefulness of the intervention to inform future implementation efforts. Discussion A cluster-randomized, hybrid effectiveness-implementation design allows for a robust approach to determine whether the MMHW is a feasible and beneficial intervention in a resource-restricted public healthcare environment. We expect the results of our study to guide future initiatives and health policy decisions related to maternal and neonatal health and universal healthcare coverage through technology in Madagascar and other countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Trial registration This trial was registered on March 12, 2021: Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien (German Clinical Trials Register), identifier: DRKS00014928 . For World Health Organization Trial Registration Data Set see Additional file 1.

Published
2021
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45. An existence result and evolutionary $\Gamma$-convergence for perturbed gradient systems

Author

Bacho, Aras, Emmrich, Etienne, and Mielke, Alexander

Subjects
Mathematical Physics
Abstract

The initial-value problem for the perturbed gradient flow \[ B(t,u(t)) \in \partial\Psi_{u(t)}(u'(t))+\partial \mathcal E_t(u(t)) \text{ for a.a. } t\in (0,T),\qquad u(0)=u_0 \] with a perturbation $B$ in a Banach space $V$ is investigated, where the dissipation potential $\Psi_u: V\rightarrow [0,+\infty)$ and the energy functional $\mathcal E_t:V\rightarrow (-\infty,+\infty]$ are nonsmooth and supposed to be convex and nonconvex, respectively. The perturbation $B:[0,T]\times V \rightarrow V^*, (t,v)\mapsto B(t,v)$ is assumed to be continuous and satisfies a growth condition. Under additional assumptions on the dissipation potential and the energy functional, existence of strong solutions is shown by proving convergence of a semi-implicit discretization scheme with a variational approximation technique.

Published
2018

47. Make Art, Not War: An Other (Hi)Story of thymos.

Author

Emmrich, Thomas

Subjects
*THYMOS (The Greek word), *SELF-confidence, *HEROES, *ANGER
Abstract

This essay critically examines Peter Sloterdijk's Zorn und Zeit. Politisch-psychologischer Versuch (Rage and Time. A Psychopolitical Investigation) and his attempt to rehabilitate a culture of thymos , i.e. a culture of self-confidence and self-assertion, whose emotional agent Sloterdijk sees in rage. As an alternative to Achilles' rage in Homer's Iliad , Sloterdijk's ancient reference, I will propose Ovid's Metamorphoses as another literary origin of thymos. Against this background, I aim to defend the legitimacy of thymos , but to give it a different profile than Sloterdijk does, namely that of a creative and culturally productive energy that dismantles the tradition of warlike heroism and is pacifist at its core. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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48. Weak-strong uniqueness for the general Ericksen-Leslie system in three dimensions

Author

Emmrich, Etienne and Lasarzik, Robert

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q35, 35K52, 35D30, 76A15
Abstract

We study the Ericksen-Leslie system equipped with a quadratic free energy functional. The norm restriction of the director is incorporated by a standard relaxation technique using a double-well potential. We use the relative energy concept, often applied in the context of compressible Euler- or related systems of fluid dynamics, to prove weak-strong uniqueness of solutions. A main novelty is that the relative energy inequality is proved for a system with a nonconvex energy.

Published
2017
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49. Existence of weak solutions to the Ericksen-Leslie model for a general class of free energies

Author

Emmrich, Etienne and Lasarzik, Robert

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35Q35, 35K52, 76A15
Abstract

A quasistatic model due to Ericksen and Leslie describing incompressible liquid crystals is studied for a general class of free energies. Global existence of weak solutions is proven via a Galerkin approximation with eigenfunctions of a strongly elliptic operator. A novelty is that the principal part of the differential operator appearing in the director equation can be nonlinear.

Published
2017
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50. Semilinear Parabolic Differential Inclusions with One-sided Lipschitz Nonlinearities

Author

Beyn, Wolf-Jürgen, Emmrich, Etienne, and Rieger, Janosch

Subjects
Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, 35R70, 65M60
Abstract

We present an existence result for a partial differential inclusion with linear parabolic principal part and relaxed one-sided Lipschitz multivalued nonlinearity in the framework of Gelfand triples. Our study uses discretizations of the differential inclusion by a Galerkin scheme, which is compatible with a conforming finite element method, and we analyze convergence properties of the discrete solution sets., Comment: 25 pages

Published
2017

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