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Time series analysis is a method of key importance for systems of various hierarchies’ economic security studies. This article’s main goal is to develop an economic security rapid indicators system, introducing threshold values and utilizing indices with a one-month sampling period, and its approbation during Russia’s economic security operational monitoring. In order to develop such a system, the authors accumulated economic security world experience including reliability, visibility and tree structure principles. The authors’ monitoring system includes four spheres: real economy, social, monetary and foreign economic, each of which contains three indicators. In order to organize economic security monitoring, it is proposed to use the index method, which converts indicators into a dimensionless form with integral values in subsequent calculations. Based on integral indices values, the economic security generalized index is synthesized, which can be used to analyze a system’s development trends. We present economic security normalized indicators and integral indices dynamics for the years 2020–2022, which show two crises dynamics. The first is due the COVID-19 pandemic, while the second is associated with economic sanctions against Russia, implemented in 2022. The proposed economic security operational monitoring indicators system can be used effectively in the government’s practical tasks in order to ensure the required level of economic security. This is especially true for rapid diagnosis of crisis phenomena in countries and individual regions.

The article discusses groups of French Paremiological Units (FPU), thematically related to the days of the week. The task of the author is to assess the positive and negative attitudes of the French to certain days of the week, to identify the potential favorability for the development of events on any given day of the week. The study found that the French language community auspicious days are Saturday and Sunday. Adverse days include Monday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and you should expect fatal events, the formation of any exceptional circumstances on Tuesday. The author distributes FPU, prescribing certain behavior on a particular day of the week into the following groups: FPU, which are advisory in nature; FPU, warning against various activities; FPU, strictly restrictive; FPU governing economic activity; FPU, describing weather phenomena and climatic features of different periods.

The article studies groups of lexical borrowings by the origin of modern French. The task of the authors is to assess the extent of the influence exerted by other national languages on the lexical structure of modern French, including English, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Japanese, etc. The author focuses on the period of the formation of the French language as a national language after the signing in 1539 of Ordonance Viller-Cotre by Francis I (1494 – 1547). Important results of the development of the lexicon of the French language in the period under review include: the growth of the number of Anglicisms and the transition of the Italian language to the second place in terms of the number of borrowings. To a lesser extent, words are borrowed from other Germanic, Romance and Slavic languages. Most often, through English and Portuguese, French learns exotic vocabulary. Today, borrowings from the Japanese language refer to new and newest borrowings.

This article is devoted to the disclosure of changes that occurred in the French language in the XX century. The task of the authors is to present the main features characteristic of the French language of the 20th century, taking into account external history and to give their perspective assessment. World wars, the development of communication tools and the creation of new technologies, the strengthening of cultural and economic ties between France and other countries of the world had a significant impact on the evolution of the French language. Important results of the development of the French language in the period under review include: fixing a new phoneme [ŋ] in the consonantial system of the French language; enrichment of the lexical system at the expense of internal resources and at the expense of other languages; strengthening the dynamics of the development of the non-literary part of the language; increase in the number of syntactic Anglicisms. In general, the authors of the article attempted to give a detailed answer to the question: if there was the impoverishment of the French language in the twentieth century.

This research is devoted to one of the urgent problems in the field of security provision, implemented in various areas of human activity related to information systems. It is associated with a typical situation of discrepancy between the costs of improving security methods and the level of security achieved in this case. It is shown that one of the most promising methodological approaches aimed at finding a solution to this problem is related to the study of the prospects for adapting existing solutions with integration into the computing environment that implement the new technology. In accordance with this concept, the equivalent transition between information technologies should be implemented while maintaining the level of overall information security. The main research goal was determined – it concerns the development of an analytical model for controlling the equivalence of information technologies in information security systems. The current state in the field of information security was analyzed. It was revealed that the tools and mechanisms existing today and presented on the relevant market that prevent risks and threats to the functioning of information systems associated with data theft and distortion are “narrow”, that is, adapted to solving local problems facing attackers.

The urgency of the problem of formation and improvement of the level of financial literacy of the population is beyond doubt. By far, the most vulnerable social group here is the older generation. However, young people also need this competence. Purpose: this article describes the study of the level of financial literacy of generation Z and Y on the subject of knowledge of the operations of the gold and foreign exchange market; representations and concepts of modern economics; banking transactions; the subject of international trade, as well as international currency. Methods that were used in the research process: comparative analysis and synthesis, dialectical approach, sociological survey. Results: the authors conclude that Generation Z is less educated in terms of having and using financial knowledge than Millennials, and this is explained by the following facts: less life experience, focus only on the present, low interest in finance as a source of self-development opportunities.