39 results on '"Duxbury J"'
Search Results
2. Replacement of arsenic-contaminated soil for improved rice yields in Bangladesh
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Huhmann, B, primary, Harvey, C, additional, Duxbury, J, additional, Uddin, A, additional, Choudhury, I, additional, Ahmed, K, additional, Bostick, B, additional, and van Geen, A, additional
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- 2016
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3. An integrative review exploring decision-making factors influencing mental health nurses in the use of restraint
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RIAHI, S., THOMSON, G., and DUXBURY, J.
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- 2016
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4. The shape of caring review: what does it mean for mental health nursing?
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Coffey, M., Pryjmachuk, S., and Duxbury, J. A.
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- 2015
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5. A cross-sectional observational study of healthcare professional views of factors affecting teenage adherence with antipsychotic medication
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Ramdour, S., Duxbury, J. A., Becket, G., and Wilson, S.
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- 2015
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6. The Eileen Skellern Lecture 2014: physical restraint: in defence of the indefensible?
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DUXBURY, J. A.
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- 2015
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7. Minimizing the use of coercive practices in mental health: the perfect storm
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DUXBURY, J.
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- 2015
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8. Needs and dilemmas of caretakers who have been victimized by violence in psychiatry
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Harte, J.M., van Leeuwen, M.E., van Houwelingen, Ingrid, Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., Duxbury, J., Criminology, A-LAB, and Empirical and Normative Studies
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- 2019
9. Proceedings of the 11th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry
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Callaghan, P., Oud, N.E., Nijman, H.L.I., Palmstierna, T., and Duxbury, J.
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Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext 11th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry (24 - 26 October 2019, Lillestrom, Norway) 448 p.
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- 2019
10. Prevalence of MID/BIF and trauma in patients in Functional Assertive Community Treatment teams in the Netherlands: Association to global functioning and mental state
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Nieuwenhuis, J.G., Smits, H., Mulder, C.L., Noorthoorn, E.O., Naarding, P., Boekhorst, B. te, Penterman, E.J.M., Nijman, H.L.I., Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., Duxbury, J., Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., and Duxbury, J.
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Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment ,fungi - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext Little is known of the prevalence of Moderate Intellectual Disability and Borderline Intellectual Functioning (MID/BIF) in the chronic and serious mentally ill (SMI) patients. A recent study on two admission wards for general psychiatry in the Netherlands results showed 43.8% of the patients to be at risk of MID/BIF (Nieuwenhuis et al. 2017), as assessed with the Screener for Intelligence Intelligence Learning Disabilities (SCIL, Kaal, Nijman & Moonen, 2015). From the scarce literature we know people with MID/BIF living at home have more serious psychiatric problems those without MBID (Hasiotis, et al. 2008, Wieland et al, 2014). Several studies also show people with MID/BIF are more at risk to traumatic life experiences. Violence, sexual and physical abuse against people with a disability is widespread, especially to people with ID (Hatton and Emmerson 2004, Focht-New et al, 2008, Vadysinge A.N. et al, 2017, Lan-Ping Lin et al. 2009 ). 10th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry (Dublin, Ireland, 26 - 28 October 2017)
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- 2017
11. Violence in clinical psychiatry: Proceedings of the 10th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry
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Callaghan, P., Oud, N.E., Nijman, H.L.I., Palmstierna, T., and Duxbury, J.
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Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment ,education ,social sciences ,humanities ,health care economics and organizations - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext Proceedings of the 10th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry. The 10th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry is co-organized by the European Violence in Psychiatry Research Group (EViPRG) & the European Network for Training in the Management of Aggression (ENTMA08), and is a World Psychiatric Association (WPA) co-sponsored meeting. The 10th European Congress on Violence did focus strongly on clinically relevant and practically useful interdisciplinary scientific and practical knowledge with regard to interventions aimed at treating and reducing violence and aggression. The overall congress theme: "Creating collaborative care: a multi-partnership approach" reflects our commitment to partnership working between clinicians, researchers, educators, service users and carers. 10th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry: Creating collaborative care: A multi-partnership approach (Dublin, Ireland, 26 - 28 October 2017) 448 p.
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- 2017
12. Obstacles in seeking a legal reaction on violent incidents in psychiatry
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Harte, J.M., van Houwelingen, I., van Leeuwen, M.E., Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Borngaard, J.H., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., Duxbury, J., Criminology, A-LAB, and Empirical and Normative Studies
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- 2017
13. Proceedings of the 9th European Congress on Violence in Clinical Psychiatry
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Callaghan, P., Oud, N.E., Björngaard, J.H., Nijman, H.L.I., Palmstierna, T., and Duxbury, J.
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Experimental Psychopathology and Treatment - Abstract
Item does not contain fulltext 448 p.
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- 2015
14. Judicial reactions on violence in clinical psychiatry
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Harte, J.M., van Leeuwen, M.E., Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Bjorngaard, J.H., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., Duxbury, J., Criminology, Empirical and Normative Studies, and A-LAB
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- 2015
15. TechCare: Mobile-assessment and therapy for psychosis: An intervention for clients within the early intervention service
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Gire, N., primary, Chaudhry, I.B., additional, Naeem, F., additional, Duxbury, J., additional, Riley, M., additional, McKeown, M., additional, Taylor, C.D., additional, Taylor, P.J., additional, Emsley, R., additional, Caton, N., additional, Kelly, J., additional, Kingdon, D., additional, and Husain, N., additional
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- 2016
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16. Explorations of Cooperation and Recalcitrance in Secure Mental Health Hospitals
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McKeown, M., primary, Chandley, M., additional, Jones, F., additional, Wright, K., additional, Duxbury, J., additional, and Foy, P., additional
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- 2016
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17. Erosion rates in and around Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, determined using analysis of cosmogenic 10Be
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Duxbury, J., primary, Bierman, P. R., additional, Portenga, E. W., additional, Pavich, M. J., additional, Southworth, S., additional, and Freeman, S. P. H. T., additional
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- 2015
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18. Needs and dilemmas of caretakers who have been victimized by violence in psychiatry
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Joke Harte, Leeuwen, M. E., Ingrid van Houwelingen, Callaghan, P., Oud, N., Nijman, H., Palmstierna, T., and Duxbury, J.
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- 2019
19. Healthcare staff's experiences of using manual physical restraint: A meta-synthesis review.
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Kodua M, Duxbury J, Eboh WO, Asztalos L, and Tweneboa J
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- Humans, Emotions, Qualitative Research, Attitude of Health Personnel, Restraint, Physical
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Manual restraint is a hands-on type of physical restraint used to prevent harm to service users and staff, and to administer necessary treatments. This article reports on a review and meta-synthesis of the qualitative literature on healthcare staff's experiences of using manual restraint. Three electronic databases (CINAHL Complete, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO) were systematically searched, and 19 studies were included. Thematic synthesis was used to synthesize the findings. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist was used to appraise study quality. The synthesis generated one overarching interpretive theme, "unpleasant but necessary," and five subthemes: "maintaining safety triumphs all," "emotional distress," "significance of coping," "feeling conflicted," and "depletion." Seven studies indicated that, from staff perspectives, manual restraint was not always used as a last resort. Healthcare staff experience manual restraint as a psychologically and physically unpleasant practice, yet paradoxically deem its use to be sometimes necessary to keep themselves and service users safe from harm. The findings indicate a need for healthcare staff support, post-restraint debriefing meetings with service users, and the implementation of manual restraint minimization programs in healthcare settings., (© 2023 The Authors. Nursing & Health Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)
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- 2023
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20. Models, frameworks and theories in the implementation of programs targeted to reduce formal coercion in mental health settings: a systematic review.
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Lantta T, Duxbury J, Haines-Delmont A, Björkdahl A, Husum TL, Lickiewicz J, Douzenis A, Craig E, Goodall K, Bora C, Whyte R, and Whittington R
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Introduction: Implementation models, frameworks and theories (hereafter tools) provide researchers and clinicians with an approach to understand the processes and mechanisms for the successful implementation of healthcare innovations. Previous research in mental health settings has revealed, that the implementation of coercion reduction programs presents a number of challenges. However, there is a lack of systematized knowledge of whether the advantages of implementation science have been utilized in this field of research. This systematic review aims to gain a better understanding of which tools have been used by studies when implementing programs aiming to reduce formal coercion in mental health settings, and what implementation outcomes they have reported., Methods: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science. A manual search was used to supplement database searches. Quality appraisal of included studies was undertaken using MMAT-Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. A descriptive and narrative synthesis was formed based on extracted data. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in this review., Results: We identified 5,295 references after duplicates were removed. Four additional references were found with a manual search. In total eight studies reported in nine papers were included in the review. Coercion reduction programs that were implemented included those that were holistic, and/or used professional judgement, staff training and sensory modulation interventions. Eight different implementation tools were identified from the included studies. None of them reported all eight implementation outcomes sought from the papers. The most frequently reported outcomes were acceptability (4/8 studies) and adaptation (3/8). With regards to implementation costs, no data were provided by any of the studies. The quality of the studies was assessed to be overall quite low., Discussion: Systematic implementation tools are seldom used when efforts are being made to embed interventions to reduce coercive measures in routine mental health care. More high-quality studies are needed in the research area that also involves perspectives of service users and carers. In addition, based on our review, it is unclear what the costs and resources are needed to implement complex interventions with the guidance of an implementation tool., Systematic Review Registration: [Prospero], identifier [CRD42021284959]., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Lantta, Duxbury, Haines-Delmont, Björkdahl, Husum, Lickiewicz, Douzenis, Craig, Goodall, Bora, Whyte and Whittington.)
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- 2023
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21. Mapping review of interventions to reduce the use of restrictive practices in children and young people's institutional settings: The CONTRAST study.
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Baker J, Kendal S, Berzins K, Canvin K, Branthonne-Foster S, McDougall T, Goldson B, Kellar I, Wright J, and Duxbury J
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Restrictive practices are often used harmfully with children in institutional settings. Interventions to reduce their use do not appear to have been mapped systematically. Using environmental scanning, we conducted a broad-scope mapping review of English language academic databases, websites and social media, using systematic methods. Included records ( N = 121) were mostly from the United States and contained details of 82 different interventions. Children's participation was limited. Reporting quality was inconsistent, which undermined claims of effectiveness. Overall, despite a multitude of interventions, evidence is limited. Leaders should consider the evidence, including children's perspectives, before introducing poorly understood interventions into children's settings., Competing Interests: None of the authors have a conflict of interest to declare., (© 2022 The Authors. Children & Society published by National Children's Bureau and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2022
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22. Approaches used to prevent and reduce the use of restrictive practices on adults with learning disabilities: Protocol for a realist review.
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Haines-Delmont A, Tsang A, Szifris K, Craig E, Chapman M, Baker J, Baker P, Ridley J, Thomson M, Bourlet G, Morrison B, and Duxbury J
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- Delivery of Health Care, Humans, Referral and Consultation, Review Literature as Topic, Systematic Reviews as Topic, Learning Disabilities prevention & control, Research Design
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Introduction: The use of restrictive practices has significant adverse effects on the individual, care providers and organisations. This review will describe how, why, for whom, and in what circumstances approaches used by healthcare organisations work to prevent and reduce the use of restrictive practices on adults with learning disabilities., Methods and Analysis: Evidence from the literature will be synthesised using a realist review approach - an interpretative, theory-driven approach to understand how complex healthcare approaches work in reducing the use of restrictive practices in these settings. In step 1, existing theories will be located to explore what approaches work by consulting with key topic experts, holding consultation workshops with healthcare professionals, academics, and experts by experience, and performing an informal search to help develop an initial programme theory. A systematic search will be performed in the second step in electronic databases. Further searches will be performed iteratively to test particular subcomponents of the initial programme theory, which will also include the use of the CLUSTER approach. Evidence judged as relevant and rigorous will be used to test the initial programme theory. In step three, data will be extracted and coded inductively and deductively. The final step will involve using a realist logic of analysis to refine the initial programme theory in light of evidence. This will then provide a basis to describe and explain what key approaches work, why, how and in what circumstances in preventing and reducing the use of restrictive practices in adults with learning disabilities in healthcare settings., Results: Findings will be used to provide recommendations for practice and policymaking., Registration: In accordance with the guidelines, this realist review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 4th December 2019 (CRD42019158432)., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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- 2022
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23. Components of interventions to reduce restrictive practices with children and young people in institutional settings: the Contrast systematic mapping review
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Baker J, Berzins K, Canvin K, Kendal S, Branthonne-Foster S, Wright J, McDougall T, Goldson B, Kellar I, and Duxbury J
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Background: Incidents in which children or young people experience severe distress or harm or cause distress or harm to others occur frequently in children and young people’s institutional settings. These incidents are often managed using restrictive practices, such as restraint, seclusion, sedation or constant observation; however, these also present significant risks of physical and psychological harm to children and young people as well as staff. Numerous interventions aim to reduce the use of restrictive techniques, but research is hampered by limited attention to specific intervention components. The behavior change technique taxonomy may improve reporting by providing a common language for specifying the content and mechanisms of behaviour change. This study aimed to identify, standardise and report the effectiveness of components of interventions to reduce restrictive practices in children and young people’s institutional settings., Objectives: To map interventions aimed at reducing restrictive practices in children and young people’s institutional settings internationally, to conduct behaviour change technique analysis of intervention components, to identify process elements, and to explore effectiveness evidence to identify promising behaviour change techniques and compare the results with those found in adult psychiatric inpatient settings in a companion review., Design: Systematic mapping review with programme content coding using the behavior change technique taxonomy., Review Methods: Eleven relevant English-language health and social care research databases 1989–2019 [including Applied Social Sciences Index (ASSIA), Criminal Justice Abstracts, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), MEDLINE and PsycInfo
® ], grey literature and social media were searched during 2019 (updated January 2020). Data extraction, guided by Workgroup for Intervention Development and Evaluation Research (WIDER), Cochrane Library and theory coding scheme recommendations, included intervention characteristics and study design and reporting. Screening and quality appraisal used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The behavior change technique taxonomy was applied systematically, and interventions were coded for behaviour change technique components. Outcomes data were then related back to these components., Results: There were 121 records, including 76 evaluations. Eighty-two interventions, mostly multicomponent, were identified. Evaluation approaches commonly used a non-randomised design. There were no randomised controlled trials. Behaviour change techniques from 14 out of a possible 16 clusters were detected. Four clusters (i.e. goals and planning, antecedents, shaping knowledge, and feedback and monitoring) contained the majority of identified behaviour change techniques and were detected in over half of all interventions. Two clusters (i.e. self-belief and covert learning) contained no identified behaviour change techniques. The most common setting in which behaviour change techniques were found was ‘mental health’. The most common procedure focused on staff training. The two most common behaviour change techniques were instruction on how to perform the behaviour and restructuring the social environment. Promising behaviour change techniques included instruction on how to perform the behaviour, restructuring the social environment, feedback on outcomes of behaviour and problem-solving. Compared with the companion review, service user perspectives were more sparse and there was more interest in trauma-informed approaches. Effectiveness evidence, range of interventions and reporting were broadly similar., Limitations: Poor reporting may have prevented detection of some behaviour change techniques. The finding that the evidence was weak restricted the feasibility of examining behaviour change technique effectiveness. Literature searches were restricted to English-language sources., Conclusions: This study generated, to our knowledge, the first review of evidence on the content and effectiveness of interventions to reduce restrictive practices in children and young people’s institutional settings. Interventions tend to be complex, reporting is inconsistent and robust evaluation data are limited, but some behaviour change techniques seem promising., Future Work: Promising behaviour change techniques could be further explored. Better evidence could help address the urgent need for effective strategies., Study Registration: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42019124730., Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery Research ; Vol. 10, No. 8. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information., (Copyright © 2022 Baker et al. This work was produced by Baker et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. This is an Open Access publication distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaption in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. For attribution the title, original author(s), the publication source – NIHR Journals Library, and the DOI of the publication must be cited.)- Published
- 2022
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24. An Evaluation of the Implementation of a "No Force First" Informed Organisational Guide to Reduce Physical Restraint in Mental Health and Learning Disability Inpatient Settings in the UK.
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Haines-Delmont A, Goodall K, Duxbury J, and Tsang A
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Background: The use of physical restraint on vulnerable people with learning disabilities and mental health problems is one of the most controversial and criticised forms of restrictive practice. This paper reports on the implementation of an organisational approach called "No Force First" within a large mental health organisation in England, UK. The aim was to investigate changes in violence/aggression, harm, and physical restraint following implementation., Methods: The study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. Recorded incidents of violence/aggression from 44 inpatient mental health and learning disabilities (including forensic) wards were included ( n = 13,599). Two study groups were created for comparison: the "intervention" group comprising all incidents on these wards during the 24 months post-implementation (2018-2019) ( n = 6,551) and the "control" group comprising all incidents in the 24 months preceding implementation (2015-2016) ( n = 7,048). Incidents recorded during implementation (i.e., 2017) were excluded ( n = 3,705). Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Multivariate regression models using generalised estimating equations were performed to estimate unadjusted and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) of physical restraint and harm, using type of wards, incident, and violence/aggression as key covariates., Results: A significant 17% reduction in incidence of physical restraint was observed [IRR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.88, p < 0.0001]. Significant reductions in rates of harm sustained and aggression/violence were also observed, but not concerning the use of medication during restraint. The prevalence of physical restraint was significantly higher in inpatients on forensic learning disability wards than those on forensic mental health wards both pre- (aPR = 4.26, 95% CI 2.91-6.23) and post-intervention (aPR = 9.09, 95% CI 5.09-16.23), when controlling for type of incident and type of violence/aggression. Physical assault was a significantly more prevalent risk factor of restraint use than other forms of violence/aggression, especially that directed to staff (not to other patients)., Conclusions: This is a key study reporting the positive impact that organisational models and guides such as "No Force First" can have on equipping staff to focus more on primary and secondary prevention as opposed to tertiary coercive practices such as restraint in mental health and learning disabilities settings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Haines-Delmont, Goodall, Duxbury and Tsang.)
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- 2022
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25. ' Care co-ordinator in my pocket': a feasibility study of mobile assessment and therapy for psychosis (TechCare).
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Gire N, Caton N, McKeown M, Mohmed N, Duxbury J, Kelly J, Riley M, J Taylor P, Taylor CDJ, Naeem F, Chaudhry IB, and Husain N
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Feasibility Studies, Health Status Disparities, Humans, Middle Aged, Young Adult, Mobile Applications, Psychotic Disorders therapy, Self-Management
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Objectives: The aim of the project was to examine the acceptability and feasibility of a mobile phone application-based intervention 'TechCare', for individuals with psychosis in the North West of England. The main objectives were to determine whether appropriate individuals could be identified and recruited to the study and whether the TechCare App would be an acceptable intervention for individuals with psychosis., Methods: This was a mixed methods feasibility study, consisting of a test-run and feasibility evaluation of the TechCare App intervention., Setting: Early Intervention Services (EIS) for psychosis, within an NHS Trust in the North West of England., Participants: Sixteen participants (test-run n=4, feasibility study n=12) aged between 18 and 65 years recruited from the East, Central and North Lancashire EIS., Intervention: A 6-week intervention, with the TechCare App assessing participants' symptoms and responses in real-time and providing a personalised-guided self-help-based psychological intervention based on the principles of Cognitive Behaviorual Therapy (CBT)., Results: A total of 83.33% (n=10) of participants completed the 6-week feasibility study, with 70% of completers achieving the set compliance threshold of ≥33% engagement with the TechCare App system. Analysis of the qualitative data suggested that participants held the view that the TechCare was both an acceptable and feasible means of delivering interventions in real-time., Conclusion: Innovative digital clinical technologies, such as the TechCare App, have the potential to increase access to psychological interventions, reduce health inequality and promote self-management with a real-time intervention, through enabling access to mental health resources in a stigma-free, evidence-based and time-independent manner., Trial Registration Number: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02439619., Competing Interests: Competing interests: IBC and NH have given lectures and advice to Eli Lilly, Bristol Myers Squibb, Lundbeck, Astra Zeneca and Janssen Pharmaceuticals, for which they or their employing institution have been reimbursed. IBC and NH were previously trustees of the Pakistan Institute of Learning and Living. NH is Chair of the board of trustees of the Manchester Global Foundation. CDJT reports grants from UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Research Fellowship award (DRF-2012-05-211), delivers psychological therapy in the UK National Health Service and personal fees from providing occasional workshops on CBT, outside the submitted work. The other authors have no competing interests to declare., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.)
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- 2021
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26. Taser use on individuals experiencing mental distress: An integrative literature review.
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Hallett N, Duxbury J, McKee T, Harrison N, Haines A, Craig E, and O'Brien AJ
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- Humans, Mental Health, Police, Mental Disorders
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WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SUBJECT?: People experiencing mental distress have a high rate of contact with police in community crisis events. Police use a continuum of responses when managing situations involving agitation, aggression and behavioural problems. People experiencing mental distress have been subjected to Tasers as part of the police response. Following a number of deaths and numerous reports of injuries, concerns have been raised about the safety of Tasers. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS?: Police use of Tasers in mental health crises is relatively common. Tasers are used in a range of settings including public places, private residences and healthcare facilities. People experiencing mental distress may be subjected to more use of Tasers than the general population. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Mental health professionals need to work with police towards greater understanding of the needs of people experiencing mental distress and to promote the use of non-coercive interventions in mental health crisis events. Mental health researchers need to explore the qualitative experiences of people who are Tasered, to provide an evidence base for Taser use with people experiencing mental distress. ABSTRACT: Introduction Conducted electrical weapons, or "Tasers," are currently used by over 15,000 law enforcement and military agencies worldwide. There are concerns regarding the effectiveness, potential for harm and overuse with people experiencing mental distress. Aim To explore the literature about police use of Tasers with people experiencing mental distress. Method An integrative review was undertaken, and qualitative and quantitative analytical approaches were used. Results Thirty-one studies were included. Of all recorded usage, overall prevalence of Taser use on people experiencing mental distress was 28%. This population appears to experience higher Taser usage than the general population. Discussion There are substantial gaps in the research literature particularly with respect to the decision-making processes involved in deploying Tasers on this population and the physical and psychological consequences of Taser use in this context. Implications for practice Police use of Tasers in mental health crises is relatively common and occurs in a variety of environments including mental health settings. Mental health professionals need to work with police towards greater understanding of the needs of people with mental illness and to promote the use of non-coercive interventions in mental health crisis events., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
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- 2021
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27. Non-pharmacological interventions to reduce restrictive practices in adult mental health inpatient settings: the COMPARE systematic mapping review
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Baker J, Berzins K, Canvin K, Benson I, Kellar I, Wright J, Lopez RR, Duxbury J, Kendall T, and Stewart D
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Objectives: The study aimed to provide a mapping review of non-pharmacological interventions to reduce restrictive practices in adult mental health inpatient settings; classify intervention components using the behaviour change technique taxonomy; explore evidence of behaviour change techniques and interventions; and identify the behaviour change techniques that show most effectiveness and those that require further testing., Background: Incidents involving violence and aggression occur frequently in adult mental health inpatient settings. They often result in restrictive practices such as restraint and seclusion. These practices carry significant risks, including physical and psychological harm to service users and staff, and costs to the NHS. A number of interventions aim to reduce the use of restrictive practices by using behaviour change techniques to modify practice. Some interventions have been evaluated, but effectiveness research is hampered by limited attention to the specific components. The behaviour change technique taxonomy provides a common language with which to specify intervention content., Design: Systematic mapping study and analysis., Data Sources: English-language health and social care research databases, and grey literature, including social media. The databases searched included British Nursing Index (BNI), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCRCT), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR), Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), EMBASE, Health Technology Assessment (HTA) Database, HTA Canadian and International, Ovid MEDLINE
® , NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED), PsycInfo® and PubMed. Databases were searched from 1999 to 2019., Review Methods: Broad literature search; identification, description and classification of interventions using the behaviour change technique taxonomy; and quality appraisal of reports. Records of interventions to reduce any form of restrictive practice used with adults in mental health services were retrieved and subject to scrutiny of content, to identify interventions; quality appraisal, using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool; and data extraction, regarding whether participants were staff or service users, number of participants, study setting, intervention type, procedures and fidelity. The resulting data set for extraction was guided by the Workgroup for Intervention Development and Evaluation Research, Cochrane and theory coding scheme recommendations. The behaviour change technique taxonomy was applied systematically to each identified intervention. Intervention data were examined for overarching patterns, range and frequency. Overall percentages of behaviour change techniques by behaviour change technique cluster were reported. Procedures used within interventions, for example staff training, were described using the behaviour change technique taxonomy., Results: The final data set comprised 221 records reporting 150 interventions, 109 of which had been evaluated. The most common evaluation approach was a non-randomised design. There were six randomised controlled trials. Behaviour change techniques from 14 out of a possible 16 clusters were detected. Behaviour change techniques found in the interventions were most likely to be those that demonstrated statistically significant effects. The most common intervention target was seclusion and restraint reduction. The most common strategy was staff training. Over two-thirds of the behaviour change techniques mapped onto four clusters, that is ‘goals and planning’, ‘antecedents’, ‘shaping knowledge’ and ‘feedback and monitoring’. The number of behaviour change techniques identified per intervention ranged from 1 to 33 (mean 8 techniques)., Limitations: Many interventions were poorly described and might have contained additional behaviour change techniques that were not detected. The finding that the evidence was weak restricted the study’s scope for examining behaviour change technique effectiveness. The literature search was restricted to English-language records., Conclusions: Studies on interventions to reduce restrictive practices appear to be diverse and poor. Interventions tend to contain multiple procedures delivered in multiple ways., Future Work: Prior to future commissioning decisions, further research to enhance the evidence base could help address the urgent need for effective strategies. Testing individual procedures, for example, audit and feedback, could ascertain which are the most effective intervention components. Separate testing of individual components could improve understanding of content and delivery., Study Registration: The study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42018086985., Funding: This project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health Services and Delivery Research ; Vol. 9, No. 5. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information., (Copyright © Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO 2021. This work was produced by Baker et al. under the terms of a commissioning contract issued by the Secretary of State for Health and Social Care. This issue may be freely reproduced for the purposes of private research and study and extracts (or indeed, the full report) may be included in professional journals provided that suitable acknowledgement is made and the reproduction is not associated with any form of advertising. Applications for commercial reproduction should be addressed to: NIHR Journals Library, National Institute for Health Research, Evaluation, Trials and Studies Coordinating Centre, Alpha House, University of Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NS, UK.)- Published
- 2021
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28. A hermeneutic phenomenological exploration of 'last resort' in the use of restraint.
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Riahi S, Thomson G, and Duxbury J
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- Canada, Hermeneutics, Humans, Psychiatric Nursing, Restraint, Physical
- Abstract
Restraining patients is a practice that dates back at least three centuries. In recent years, there has been a mandate and advocacy in various countries for organizations to shift towards the minimization of restraint, whereby its use is only as a 'last resort'. There is growing evidence internationally indicating the negative impact of the use of restraint. However, to date there is no research specifically focusing on trying to understand the concept of 'last resort'. Further insights to explore this concept among mental health nurses are therefore warranted. The empirical research comprised a hermeneutic phenomenological study. By recruiting and interviewing thirteen mental health nurses from across Canada who had experiences of restraint use, the research aimed to generate a deeper understanding of the meanings and lived experiences of the concept of 'last resort'. Data were collected through fifteen in-depth interviews. Data analysis was undertaken through a hermeneutic phenomenological framework based on van Manen's approach and Heideggerian philosophy. Five Heideggerian concepts were used to illuminate 'last resort' in restraint use by mental health nurses - temporality, inauthenticity, thrownness, leaping in and leaping ahead, and mood (fear). Key findings highlight the influence of nurses' past experiences, how nursing staff adopt a collective (rather than individual) approach, and the dependency on knowledge and skills of others in using restraint as a 'last resort'. Overall, the lived experience of 'last resort' is comprised of many elements. This study provides insights and an initial understanding, which is hoped to advance the field of restraint minimization., (© 2020 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.)
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- 2020
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29. Restraint minimisation in mental health care: legitimate or illegitimate force? An ethnographic study.
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McKeown M, Thomson G, Scholes A, Jones F, Downe S, Price O, Baker J, Greenwood P, Whittington R, and Duxbury J
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- Anthropology, Cultural, Coercion, Humans, Mental Health, Restraint, Physical, State Medicine
- Abstract
Coercive practices, such as physical restraint, are used globally to respond to violent, aggressive and other behaviours displayed by mental health service users.
1 A number of approaches have been designed to aid staff working within services to minimise the use of restraint and other restrictive practices. One such approach, the 'REsTRAIN Yourself' (RYS) initiative, has been evaluated in the UK. Rapid ethnography was used to explore the aspects of organisational culture and staff behaviour exhibited by teams of staff working within 14 acute admission mental health wards in the North West region of the English NHS. Findings comprise four core themes of space and place; legitimation; meaningful activity; and, therapeutic engagement that represent characteristics of daily life on the wards before and after implementation of the RYS intervention. Tensions between staff commitments to therapeutic relations and constraining factors were revealed in demarcations of ward space and limitations on availability of meaningful activities. The physical, relational and discursive means by which ward spaces are segregated prompts attention to the observed materialities of routine care. Legitimation was identified as a crucial discursive practice in the context of staff reliance upon coercion. Trauma-informed care represents a potentially alternative legitimacy., (© 2019 Foundation for the Sociology of Health & Illness.)- Published
- 2020
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30. Staff experiences and understandings of the REsTRAIN Yourself initiative to minimize the use of physical restraint on mental health wards.
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Duxbury J, Thomson G, Scholes A, Jones F, Baker J, Downe S, Greenwood P, Price O, Whittington R, and McKeown M
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- Attitude of Health Personnel, Empathy, Humans, Leadership, Organizational Innovation, Psychiatric Department, Hospital organization & administration, Restraint, Physical psychology, United Kingdom, Psychiatric Department, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Restraint, Physical statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
International efforts to minimize coercive practices include the US Six Core Strategies© (6CS). This innovative approach has limited evidence of its effectiveness, with few robustly designed studies, and has not been formally implemented or evaluated in the UK. An adapted version of the 6CS, which we called 'REsTRAIN Yourself' (RY), was devised to suit the UK context and evaluated using mixed methods. RY aimed to reduce the use of physical restraint in mental health inpatient ward settings through training and practice development with whole teams, directly in the ward settings where change was to be implemented and barriers to change overcome. In this paper, we present qualitative findings that report on staff perspectives of the impact and value of RY following its implementation. Thirty-six staff participated in semi-structured interviews with data subject to thematic analysis. Eight themes are reported that highlight perceived improvements in every domain of the 6CS after RY had been introduced. Staff reported more positively on their relationships with service users and felt their attitudes towards the use of coercive practices such as restraint were changed; the service as a whole shifted in terms of restraint awareness and reduction; and new policies, procedures, and language were introduced despite certain barriers. These findings need to be appreciated in a context wherein substantial reductions in the use of physical restraint were proven possible, largely due to building upon empathic and relational alternatives. However, yet more could be achieved with greater resourcing of inpatient care., (© 2019 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.)
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- 2019
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31. Minimising the use of physical restraint in acute mental health services: The outcome of a restraint reduction programme ('REsTRAIN YOURSELF').
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Duxbury J, Baker J, Downe S, Jones F, Greenwood P, Thygesen H, McKeown M, Price O, Scholes A, Thomson G, and Whittington R
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- England, Female, Humans, Male, Prospective Studies, Mental Disorders therapy, Mental Health Services organization & administration, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Psychiatric Department, Hospital organization & administration, Restraint, Physical
- Abstract
Background: Physical restraint is a coercive intervention used to prevent individuals from harming themselves or others. However, serious adverse effects have been reported. Minimising the use of restraint requires a multimodal approach to target both organisational and individual factors. The 'Six Core Strategies' developed in America, underpinned by prevention and trauma informed principles, is one such approach., Objective: An adapted version of the Six Core Strategies was developed and its impact upon physical restraint usage in mental health Trusts in the United Kingdom evaluated. This became known as 'REsTRAIN YOURSELF. The hypothesis was that restraint would be reduced by 40% on the implementation wards over a six-month period., Design: A non-randomised controlled trial design was employed., Setting: Fourteen, adult, mental health wards from seven mental health hospitals in the North West of England took part in the study. Two acute care wards were targeted from all eligible acute wards within each site in negotiation with each Trust. The intervention wards (total n = 144 beds, mean = 20.1 beds per ward) and control wards (total n = 147 beds, mean = 21.0 beds per ward) were primarily mixed gender but included single sex wards also (2 female-only and 1 male-only in each group). All wards offered pharmacological and psychosocial interventions over short admission durations (circa 15 days) for patients with a mixture of enduring mental health problems., Method: As part of a pre and post-test method, physical restraint figures were collected using prospective, routine hospital records before and 6 months after the intervention. Restraint rates on seven wards receiving the REsTRAIN YOURSELF intervention were compared with those on seven control wards over three study phases (baseline, implementation and adoption)., Results: In total, 1680 restraint incidents were logged over the study period. The restraint rate was significantly lower on the intervention wards in the adoption phase (6.62 events/1000 bed-days, 95% CI 5.53-7.72) compared to the baseline phase (9.38, 95% CI 8.19-10.55). Across all implementation wards there was an average reduction of restraint by 22%, with some wards showing a reduction of 60% and others less so (8%). The association between ward type and study phase was statistically significant., Conclusion: In conclusion, it is possible that reductions in the use of physical restraint are achievable using a model such as the Six Core Strategies. This approach can be adapted for global settings and changes can be sustained over time with continued support., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2019
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32. "Catching your tail and firefighting": The impact of staffing levels on restraint minimization efforts.
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McKeown M, Thomson G, Scholes A, Jones F, Baker J, Downe S, Price O, Greenwood P, Whittington R, and Duxbury J
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Qualitative Research, Health Workforce, Psychiatric Department, Hospital, Psychiatric Nursing, Restraint, Physical
- Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Mental health nursing in the UK and other countries faces an acute workforce crisis. Safe staffing levels are called for, and in some jurisdictions have been legislated for. The evidence base linking staffing levels and patient outcomes is limited. Staffing levels are implicated in adverse experiences of service users and staff within mental health ward settings, and they might contribute to levels of violence and aggression and the application of restrictive practices, such as physical restraint but there is limited research evidence to support this. Programmes such as Safewards, No Force First, the Engagement Model and the Six Core Strategies can reduce the use of restrictive practices. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Staffing levels on acute mental health wards appeared crucial in the implementation of a restraint minimization project. Both staff and service users implicate insufficient staffing for deficiencies in the relational elements of care, such as lack of face-to-face contact between nurses and service users. Similarly, staffing levels are associated with perceived problems in the cause of violence and aggression and responses to it. Despite successes in minimizing restrictive practices in this project, difficulties implementing alternative forms of practice that would reduce use of physical restraint, such as de-escalation, were also attributed to staffing levels. There is an irony that a project concerned with safety itself provoked concern over safe staffing levels. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Efforts to reduce restrictive practices will be hampered without adequate staffing levels. Restrictive practices may justifyably be framed as an employment relations matter. Organisations and policy makers ought to address environmental, contextual and resourcing factors, rather than identify problems exclusively in terms of perceived aberrant behaviour of staff or service users. ABSTRACT: Introduction Safe staffing and coercive practices are of pressing concern for mental health services. These are inter-dependent, and the relationship is under-researched. Aim To explore views on staffing levels in a context of attempting to minimize physical restraint practices on mental health wards. Findings emerged from a wider data set with the broader aim of exploring experiences of a restraint reduction initiative. Methods Thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with staff (n = 130) and service users (n = 32). Results Five themes were identified regarding how staffing levels impact experiences and complicate efforts to minimize physical restraint. We titled the themes-"insufficient staff to do the job"; "detriment to staff and service users"; "a paperwork exercise: the burden of non-clinical tasks"; "false economies"; and, "you can't do these interventions." Discussion Tendencies detracting from relational aspects of care are not independent of insufficiencies in staffing. The relational, communicative and organizational developments that would enable reductions in use of restraint are labour intensive and vulnerable to derailment by insufficient and poorly skilled staff. Implications for practice Restrictive practices are unlikely to be minimized unless wards are adequately staffed. Inadequate staffing is not independent of restrictive practices and reduces access to alternative interventions for reducing individuals' distress., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
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33. International variations in mental-health law regulating involuntary commitment of psychiatric patients as measured by the Mental Health Legislation Attitudes Scale.
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Georgieva I, Whittington R, Lauvrud C, Steinert T, Wikman S, Lepping P, Duxbury J, Snorrason J, Mihai A, Berring LL, Bn R, and Vesselinov R
- Subjects
- Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Attitude, Commitment of Mentally Ill legislation & jurisprudence, Internationality
- Abstract
Previous research illustrated that the laws regulating involuntary placement and treatment of people with mental-health problems are diverse across countries. International studies comparing satisfaction levels between countries are rare. We compared the opinions of professionals and family members about the operation of the national mental-health law regulating forcibly admission and treatment of psychiatric patients in 11 countries: Ireland, Iceland, England and Wales, Romania, Slovenia, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Norway and India. An online survey design was adopted using a Mental Health Legislation Attitudes Scale (MHLAS). This brief nine-item questionnaire was distributed via email to psychiatrists, general practitioners, acute and community mental-health nurses, tribunal members, police officers and family members in each collaborating country. The levels of agreement/disagreement were measured on a Likert scale. Data were analysed both per question and with regard to a total MHLAS 'approval' score computed as a sum of the nine questions. We found that respondents in England and Wales and Denmark expressed the highest approval for their national legislation (76% and 74%, respectively), with those in India and Ireland expressing the lowest approval (65% and 64%, respectively). Almost all countries had a more positive attitude in comparison to Ireland on the admission criteria for involuntary placement and the way people are transferred to psychiatric hospitals. There are significant variations across Europe and beyond in terms of approval for how the national mental-health law framework operates in each country.
- Published
- 2019
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34. An integrative review exploring the physical and psychological harm inherent in using restraint in mental health inpatient settings.
- Author
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Cusack P, Cusack FP, McAndrew S, McKeown M, and Duxbury J
- Subjects
- Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Mental Disorders nursing, Mental Disorders psychology, Psychiatric Nursing, Restraint, Physical psychology, Mental Disorders therapy, Restraint, Physical adverse effects
- Abstract
In Western society, policy and legislation seeks to minimize restrictive interventions, including physical restraint; yet research suggests the use of such practices continues to raise concerns. Whilst international agreement has sought to define physical restraint, diversity in the way in which countries use restraint remains disparate. Research to date has reported on statistics regarding restraint, how and why it is used, and staff and service user perspectives about its use. However, there is limited evidence directly exploring the physical and psychological harm restraint may cause to people being cared for within mental health inpatient settings. This study reports on an integrative review of the literature exploring available evidence regarding the physical and psychological impact of restraint. The review included both experimental and nonexperimental research papers, using Cooper's (1998) five-stage approach to synthesize the findings. Eight themes emerged: Trauma/retraumatization; Distress; Fear; Feeling ignored; Control; Power; Calm; and Dehumanizing conditions. In conclusion, whilst further research is required regarding the physical and psychological implications of physical restraint in mental health settings, mental health nurses are in a prime position to use their skills and knowledge to address the issues identified to eradicate the use of restraint and better meet the needs of those experiencing mental illness., (© 2018 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.)
- Published
- 2018
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35. mHealth based interventions for the assessment and treatment of psychotic disorders: a systematic review.
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Gire N, Farooq S, Naeem F, Duxbury J, McKeown M, Kundi PS, Chaudhry IB, and Husain N
- Abstract
The relative burden of mental health disorders is increasing globally, in terms of prevalence and disability. There is limited data available to guide treatment choices for clinicians in low resourced settings, with mHealth technologies being a potentially beneficial avenue to bridging the large mental health treatment gap globally. The aim of the review was to search the literature systematically for studies of mHealth interventions for psychosis globally, and to examine whether mHealth for psychosis has been investigated. A systematic literature search was completed in Embase, Medline, PsychINFO and Evidence Based Medicine Reviews databases from inception to May 2016. Only studies with a randomised controlled trial design that investigated an mHealth intervention for psychosis were included. A total of 5690 records were identified with 7 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The majority of included studies, were conducted across Europe and the United Sates with one being conducted in China. The 7 included studies examined different parameters, such as Experiential Sampling Methodology (ESM), medication adherence, cognitive impairment, social functioning and suicidal ideation in veterans with schizophrenia. Considering the increasing access to mobile devices globally, mHealth may potentially increase access to appropriate mental health care. The results of this review show promise in bridging the global mental health treatment gap, by enabling individuals to receive treatment via their mobile phones, particularly for those individuals who live in remote or rural areas, areas of high deprivation and for those from low resourced settings., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
- Published
- 2017
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36. TechCare: mobile assessment and therapy for psychosis - an intervention for clients in the Early Intervention Service: A feasibility study protocol.
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Husain N, Gire N, Kelly J, Duxbury J, McKeown M, Riley M, Taylor CD, Taylor PJ, Emsley R, Farooq S, Caton N, Naeem F, Kingdon D, and Chaudhry I
- Abstract
Objectives: Technological advances in healthcare have shown promise when delivering interventions for mental health problems such as psychosis. The aim of this project is to develop a mobile phone intervention for people with psychosis and to conduct a feasibility study of the TechCare App., Methods: The TechCare App will assess participant's symptoms and respond with a personalised guided self-help-based psychological intervention with the aim of exploring feasibility and acceptability. The project will recruit 16 service users and 8-10 health professionals from the Lancashire Care NHS Foundation Trust Early Intervention Service., Results: In strand 1 of the study, we will invite people to discuss their experience of psychosis and give their opinions on the existing evidence-based treatment (cognitive behavioural therapy) and how the mobile app can be developed. In strand 2, we will complete a test run with a small number of participants (n = 4) to refine the mobile intervention (TechCare). Finally, in strand 3 of the study, the TechCare App will be examined in a feasibility study with 12 participants., Conclusion: It has been suggested that there is a need for a rapid increase in the efforts to develop the evidence base for the clinical effectiveness of digital technologies, considering mHealth research can potentially be helpful in addressing the demand on mental health services globally., Competing Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and/or publication of this article.
- Published
- 2016
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37. It's the talk: a study of involvement initiatives in secure mental health settings.
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McKeown M, Jones F, Wright K, Spandler H, Wright J, Fletcher H, Duxbury J, McVittie J, Simon, and Turton W
- Subjects
- Communication, Female, Focus Groups, Forensic Psychiatry, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Inpatients psychology, Male, Organizational Case Studies, Prisons, Social Environment, United Kingdom, Interprofessional Relations, Mental Health Services organization & administration, Organizational Culture
- Abstract
Background: A study of involvement initiatives within secure mental health services across one UK region, where these have been organized to reflect alliances between staff and service users. There is little previous relevant international research, but constraints upon effective involvement have been noted., Objective: To explore and evaluate involvement initiatives in secure mental health settings., Design: A case study design with thematic analysis of qualitative interviews and focus groups., Setting and Participants: Data collection was carried out between October 2011 and February 2012 with 139 staff and service users drawn from a variety of secure mental health settings., Findings: Our analysis offers four broad themes, titled: safety and security first?; bringing it all back home; it picks you up; it's the talk. The quality of dialogue between staff and services users was deemed of prime importance. Features of secure environments could constrain communication, and the best examples of empowerment took place in non-secure settings., Discussion: Key aspects of communication and setting sustain involvement. These features are discussed with reference to Jurgen Habermas's work on communicative action and deliberative democracy., Conclusions: Involvement initiatives with service users resident in secure hospitals can be organized to good effect and the active role of commissioners is crucial. Positive outcomes are optimized when care is taken over the social space where involvement takes place and the process of involvement is appreciated by participants. Concerns over risk management are influential in staff support. This is germane to innovative thinking about practice and policy in this field., (© 2014 The Authors Health Expectations Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2016
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38. Personal qualities necessary to care for people with dementia.
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Pulsford D, Duxbury J, and Carter B
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- Humans, United Kingdom, Attitude of Health Personnel, Caregivers psychology, Dementia nursing, Empathy, Nursing Staff, Hospital psychology, Patient-Centered Care standards, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Abstract
Carers of people with dementia should embrace the philosophy of person-centred care and understand that social and psychological aspects of care are as important as physical care. This article discusses a three-component model that identifies the personal qualities that carers should ideally possess to deliver person-centred care to people with dementia. These qualities are empathy with the person, person-centred attitudes and a compassionate approach. The intention is that these will induce a state of cognitive security in people with dementia and enhance their sense of wellbeing. The article defines each of the personal qualities and details their component parts. It explores why person-centred care can often be difficult to achieve in practice, as well as the role of education in its promotion.
- Published
- 2016
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39. [Content validation of the questionnaire “The Management of Aggression in People with Dementia Attitude Questionnaire German Version” (MAPDAQ-G)].
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Ryser AE, Duxbury J, and Hahn S
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Homes for the Aged, Hospitals, Psychiatric, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Nursing Homes, Psychometrics statistics & numerical data, Reproducibility of Results, Aggression psychology, Alzheimer Disease nursing, Alzheimer Disease psychology, Attitude of Health Personnel, Nurse-Patient Relations, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
Background: Dementia is one of the most common diseases of aging and leads to an increased need for care. Caregivers' attitudes about aggression can influence their interaction with people with dementia. To examine this further, “The Management of Aggression in People with Dementia Attitude Questionnaire” (MAPDAQ) was developed for use in nursing homes in the United Kingdom. In Switzerland, the MAPDAQ has been translated into a German Version (MAPDAQ-G), but not yet tested for its validity and reliability., Aim: Therefore the present study examined the content and face validity, comprehensibility and interpretability of MAPDAQ-G in a Swiss context., Methods: The review was based on expert surveys and interviews with caregivers in nursing homes and psychiatric hospitals., Results: According to experts, the optimised MAPDAQ-G is comprehensive (88 %) and shows good content validity (I-CVI = 0,6 – 0,1; S-CVI-Ave = 0,88). 15 items have been adapted and further validated by 16 nurses. Finally, apart from two items, the MAPDAQ-G is understood by nurses and can be interpreted consistently., Conclusions: A questionnaire of this sort allows nurses to reflect in practice upon their own attitude with regard to the management of aggression in people with dementia and to influence the quality of care. The MAPDAQ-G should be statistically tested for validity and reliability using a larger sample.
- Published
- 2015
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