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Sulfonated polysulfone (SPS) composite membranes consisting of cellulose-based carbon nanodots (CNDs) were successfully prepared as a proton exchange membrane (PEM) for direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) applications. The CNDs were prepared using the top-down hydrothermal method. The structure transformation from cellulose to CNDs was confirmed by the FTIR and XRD analysis. The particle size of CNDs was between 1 and 3 nm. The particles exhibited good optical properties. The incorporation of CND into matrix polymer increased the thermal stability of the membranes. Morphology analysis of the SPS/CND composite membranes revealed that CNDs had been successfully dispersed within the SPS polymer matrix. The cross-linking between SPS and CNDs enhanced the proton conductivity of the composite membranes compared to the pristine SPS membrane. The SPS/CND-1 (1 wt%) exhibited the highest selectivity with a proton conductivity of 35.5 mS.cm−1 and a methanol permeability of 3.50 × 10−6 cm2.s−1. The experimental results indicate that the incorporation of CNDs into the SPS membrane also decreased the amount of methanol that can pass through the membrane when used in DMFCs.

Mengingat pentingnya kemampuan ICT dimiliki oleh seorang calon guru SD agar menunjang kegiatan pembelajaran serta menciptakan suasana belajar yang menyenangkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan ICT calon guru SD dan mendesain perangkat pembelajaran 21st CLD calon guru SD. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskripsif kualitatif. Sampel yang digunakan berupa random sampling pada calon guru SD yang menempuh mata kuliah literasi dasar dan lanjut. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa instrumen kemampuan ICT, wawancara dan observasi. Dalam penelitian ini hanya menggunakan tiga aspek saja yaitu aspek teknologi informasi dan komuikasi meliputi pengenalan input dan output device, aspek pedagogi meliputi pemahaman materi literasi dan numerasi serta pemanfaatan media inovatif, serta aspek organisasi dan administrasi meliputi pemahaman dan penguasaan google workspace. Kemampuan teknologi dan infomasi calon guru SD sudah sesuai dengan kebutuhan pembelajaran abad 21 yang menutut pada teknologi digital.

Batik is a cultural heritage of Indonesia, this is recognized by UNESCO that batik is an Indonesian culture that must be preserved. But in reality, the development of the batik industry is inversely proportional, Impact on the environment where the batik industry uses a lot of synthetic dyes, which have a negative impact on the surrounding aquatic environment. The purpose of this research is to analyze the process of processing batik waste using natural dyes carried out by batik craftsmen in Ciwaringin village then the natural dye process can be integrated in science learning in elementary schools as one of the SDGs programs that utilize local potential and improve environmental conservation in the surrounding environment so that the waste produced does not damage the environment. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method, where data collection uses interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis was carried out with three main stages, namely data collection through exploration, data reduction, analysis, and integration in science learning in elementary schools. The results showed that the analysis of waste treatment starting from the process of making natural dyes, the process of making batik and the results of coloring the resulting waste is very low in residual waste so that batik products using natural dyes can be analyzed in terms of local wisdom that can be integrated in science learning in elementary schools, this can be used as an SDGs program in elementary schools that has a positive impact on the environment. The implication of this research is an effort to implement education to create local wisdom and environmental preservation and stimulate student creativity in creating art products that have SDGs sustainability values.

The urgency of this research is to help accelerate the implementation of new learning paradigms by meeting the need for learning innovation by using technology to improve students' abstract skills. The aim of this research is to design and analyze the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the Accounting flipbook e-module as well as improving students' abstract skills through a scientific approach combined with problem-based learning methods (Problem Based Learning). The research method used is the R&D method using the 4D development model, namely Define, Design, Development and Dissemination. This research was only carried out until the development stage, the dissemination stage was not carried out due to time constraints. Research data collection techniques are in the form of questionnaires such as validation sheets, questionnaires, concept understanding ability tests and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the percentage descriptive technique, namely changing quantitative data into percentage form, then interpreting it using qualitative sentences. The research results obtained include the results of validation of the design of teaching materials in the form of an Accounting flipbook e-module which is in the "Very Eligible" criteria. The results of the student response questionnaire showed the criterion "Very Strong" and the N-gain results between the experimental class and the control class showed differences in students' abstract skills. Where the experimental class got a result of 0.54 which was greater than the control class of 0.37. So it can be concluded that the flipbook e-module design in this research is valid, practical and effective.

Desa Sampora yang terletak di wilayah Kabupaten Kuningan Jawa Barat, yang warganya memiliki usaha konveksi. Limbah perca yang dihasilkan dari bisnis konveksi dekorasi tenda pesta yang memiliki volume sebanyak 1 ton/hari. Limbah perca hanya dibiarkan menumpuk, sehingga hal ini dapat menjadi permasalahan lingkungan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk menciptakan budaya sustainable waste recycling di sekolah khususnya di SDN 2 Sampora. Kegiatan pengabdian dibagi menjadi 3 tahapan, yaitu tahap observasi, tahap pelatihan, dan tahap monitoring evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil kegiatan PKM adalah siswa dapat memahami cara membuat ecobrick berupa kursi guna mencegah penumpukan sampah yang dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan sehingga akan menciptakan lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat.

Methylene blue (MB) is a dye in wastewater from textile industries that pollutes the water environment. Reduction of its content is necessary for protecting humans and the surrounding environment. This study fabricated chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite through the mixture of chitosan from crab shell waste and magnetite (Fe3O4) from local sand iron with sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP)-sulfate crosslinker as an adsorbent to reduce methylene blue content. The obtained composite was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrophotometer and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) instrument. The contents of methylene blue before and after applying adsorbent-based nanocomposite were determined using an ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. FTIR characterization results show that chitosan and chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite had successfully synthesized based on the typical vibrational peaks. The deacetylation degree of chitosan was 69.79%. Fe3O4, and chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite, were confirmed by XRD patterns. The chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite adsorption capacity reached 45.37 mg/g when adsorption occurred with 20 mg adsorbent, pH 9, and contact time of 1.5 h. Hence, the chitosan/Fe3O4 nanocomposite in this study has potency and is applicable to adsorb MB effectively.

This study aims to examine empirically the effect of variables of attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and intention to conduct whistleblowing in the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) who work in Semarang City Government (Semarang City Hall) in 2018. The theory that forms the basis of this research is theory of planned behavior that explains the effect of factors that influence intention towards behavior. The population in this research was the State Civil Apparatus working in the Semarang City Government, amounting to 145 people. The research sample amounted to 90 people who were selected based on the agreement of each Regional Device Organization (OPD) with convenience sampling techniques, namely sampling techniques based on availability and ease of obtaining. Data were analyzed by multiple regression analysis using IBM SPSS software (Statistical Product and Service Solutions) Statistics 17. The results show that subjective norms affect the intention to do whistleblowing. Perceived behavioral control affect the intention to do whistleblowing, intention also effects the behavior of whistleblowing and perceived behavioral control also influences the behavior of whistleblowing. Meanwhile, attitude does not affect the intention to do whistleblowing in the Semarang City Government State Civil Apparatus in 2018 due to the lack of variation in the sample studied. Conclusions from this study indicate that intention is able to influence behavior in doing whistleblowing action by taking into account attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.

The purpose of this study is to design a digital module based on mathematical communication skills. This a development research which is carried out to determine the use of poor learning media and students’ low comprehensive skills in understanding mathematical topics associated with relations and functions. One of the solutions used to overcome this problem is by designing a digital teaching module using media. The research and development method consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE), were used to carry out this study. The results showed that the digital module is highly valid with a total expert validation of 95.1% and in the very good category. Also, the students' response to the digital module is in the very good category, with a total response criterion of 89.8%. Therefore, the designed digital module has the ability to improve students' independence in learning because its use is not limited to classrooms.

This study aims to design a Cirebon-based local genius teaching material that is valid, practical and effective in the Basic Natural Sciences course to build student scientific literacy. The research method used is the research and development (R & D) approach. The model development approach used is 4D developed by Thiagarajan. The results of the study showed that teaching materials designed and developed were valid by testing validity twice by three expert validators, consisting of material experts, media experts and practitioners' experts. Teaching materials have been practical based on a limited test on 20 participants who filled out the questionnaire. and in effective tests, teaching materials can improve student scientific literacy, as evidenced by the average n-gain value of 0.417 in the experimental class with the moderate criteria.

This study investigates the utilization of different compositions of Fe2O3 and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to modify chitosan in order to prepare a composite membrane. The membranes were synthesized using the phase inversion method and extensively characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical properties analysis, and water uptake analysis, whereby SEM was used to confirm the morphology of the composite membranes. Different electrochemical properties such as ion exchange capacity, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of these membranes were also measured. The results showed that increasing the PVA mass improved the water uptake, ion exchange capacity (IEC), and proton conductivity because the PVA addition increased the hydrophilicity of the membrane; thus, the pore surface on the membrane was more open, which also caused higher membrane permeability. However, the methanol permeability values of all composite membranes were lower than that of Nafion. The highest IEC and proton conductivity were obtained for the CS-PVA-H3070 membrane, with values of 4.300 meq/g and 6.71 × 10−2 S·cm−1, respectively. The mechanical strength of these membranes showed that the PVA addition increased the elongation break and decreased the tensile strength of the membrane. The results imply that the chitosan membrane modified with PVA and Fe¬2O3 has a potential for DMFC applications.

This study aims to determine the feasibility of learning media in the form of videos with the help of camtasia software on number material using the R & D (Research and Development) methodology with ADDIE models (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). This research was conducted at Cirebon State MTs 2 Cirebon in class VII. The research instrument used was an interview questionnaire for teachers and students, a practicality questionnaire for students and a validation sheet for three lecturers as well as a mathematics teacher. From the results of the instruments in the form of interview questionnaires students are clear that students prefer learning with the presence of learning media and the results of teacher interviews that result in a lack of facilities for the learning process using learning media. The instrument results in the form of a validation questionnaire produce an average score of 85% (very valid), so that it can be said that the learning media in the form of videos are valid and can be used. The instrument of practicality questionnaire filled by nine students with three high-ability students, three moderate-capable students, three low-ability students produced an average score of 86.77%, it can be said that the practice was very high. Based on the results of each instrument, it can be stated that the learning media in the form of CD-shaped videos is practical and can be used.

This research departs from a juridical confusion regarding the ideal of a person going to get married, where the age of marriage with other provisions regarding age, namely, in terms of philosophical Materialism and Idealism of Marriage Age in Indonesia. Whereas in Indonesian Law on Marriage Marriage is only permitted if men and women have reached the age of 19 (nineteen) years. The purpose of this study is to find out the philosophical review of materialism and idealism of marriage age in Indonesia, with the article 7 paragraph (1) for 16 of 2019 jo. u 1 year 1974 regarding marriage). The conclusion of this research is the philosophical value of materialism and idealism of marriage age is the concept of historical materialism of humans who will choose their readiness in facing marriage, this is because one's age is not a reference, which is the basis for people to get married including their readiness to face material livelihood, readiness self and material. Likewise in Indonesia, the ideal age in society in Indonesia if it is associated with Karl Mark's theory, then the readiness of oneself in the material (economic elements) is as a reference for people to get married.

Chitosan was modified by maleic anhydride, and it was then functionalized using heterogeneous and blending method to obtain the membrane. The results of the reaction between chitosan with maleic anhydride were signed by the new peak appears around 1475 cm-1 which attributed to C=C bending of alkene. The new peak also appears at 1590 cm-1 which attributed to N-H bending of amide. Chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes show microstructure of chitosan membrane with high porous density and rigidity while chitosan-maleic anhydride membranes have clusters. In addition, the thermal tenacity of membranes reached 500 °C. Modified membrane by heterogeneous and blending method have higher water uptake, ion exchange capacity, and proton conductivity than chitosan membrane. Moreover, the blending method is much more effective than the heterogeneous method that can be exhibited from ion exchange capacity and proton conductivity values of 1.08–6.38 meq g-1 and 1x10-3–1x10-2 S cm-1, 0.92–2.27 meq g-1 and 1.53x10-4–3.04x10-3 S cm-1, respectively. The results imply that modification of chitosan membrane with the addition of maleic anhydride using heterogeneous and blending method can be applied to proton exchange membrane.

The purpose of this study is to build a trisila character (reciprocal, compassionate, caring) in order to strengthen heterogeneity through multiliteracy-based multicultural education. The method used in this study is a literature review. The results of this study can be concluded that multiliteracy-based multicultural education is education that is oriented towards building heterogeneity through four multicultural approaches and five multicultural dimensions combined with multiliteracy learning. Multiliteracy learning will be a tool for the success of multicultural education with its progressive character in utilizing students' potential and environmental conditions. So that the Trisilas character (Reciprocation of Asah, Reparation of Asih, Reparation of Asuh) which is a national character that will strengthen heterogeneity will grow and develop within each student.

Montmorillonite was functionalized by (3-glycidyloxypropyl) trimethoxy silane (GPTMS). Subsequently, chitosan (CS) membranes filled by GPTMS-modified montmorillonite particles were prepared and characterized by FTIR. The result of FTIR obtained the peak wavenumber of 2940, 1471 and 1390 cm-1 referring to vibration stretching of CH2, bending of CH2 and CH3 form epoxy groups in silane, respectively which indicated modification of montmorillonite by silane. Compared with the pure CS and CS/PWA-MMT membrane, these CS/PWA-MMT/Silane hybrid membranes show apparently high proton conductivity and the lower methanol permeability, which could be assigned to the better interfacial morphology and compatibility between chitosan matrix and GPTMS-modified montmorillonite. In all the prepared CS/PWA-MMT/Silane hybrid membranes, the CS membrane filled by 10% GPTMS-modified montmorillonite particles exhibits the highest proton conductivity and the lowest methanol permeability, which is 19.15 x 10-3 S.cm-1 at 80 °C and 4.33 x 10-8 cm2.s-1, respectively. The results imply that CS/PWA-MMT silane 10% membrane has better interaction of interfacial morphology and compatibility between chitosan matrix and GPTMS-modified montmorillonite particles.

Seperti yang dikutip dari Centers of Disease Control and Prevention, Avian Influenza (AI), atau sering disebut dengan flu burung adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus H5N1 yang telah bermutasi dengan virus influenza sehingga dapat menyerang pada manusia. Virus H5N1 ini diklasifikasikan ke dalam dua kategori yaitu patogenik rendah dan tinggi yang mengacu pada kemampuan virus untuk menyebabkan penyakit parah yang menyerang sistem pernapasan pada manusia. Manusia yang memiliki resiko tertinggi untuk tertular dari virus ini yaitu anak-anak karena sistem pertahanan tubuh atau immunitas cenderung lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan manusia dewasa. Pada makalah jurnal ini, untuk mempresentasikan pola penyebaran virus Avian Influenza pada manusia dibuat ke dalam bentuk model matematika dengan menggunakan Sistem Persamaan Diferensial Nonlinear (PDNL). Dari fakta yang ada mengenai virus Avian Influenza, dibentuk asumsi yang nantinya digunakan untuk membuat model matematika. Setelah model matematika terbentuk lebih lanjut dicari titik ekuilibrium model dan dianalisis apakah titik ekuilibrum yang ditemukan stabil asimtotik atau tidak, kemudian diakhir penelitian ditentukan simulasi numeris dengan membuat plot/grafik dari sistem model matematika agar dapat diinterpretasikan pada keadaan yang sebenarnya. Kata kunci : Avian Influenza, Pemodelan Matematika, Titik Ekuilibrium, Kestabilan

The purpose of this study is to design a digital module based on mathematical communication skills. This a development research which is carried out to determine the use of poor learning media and students' low comprehensive skills in understanding mathematical topics associated with relations and functions. One of the solutions used to overcome this problem is by designing a digital teaching module using media. The research and development method consisting of Analysis, Design, Development, implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE), were used to carry out this study. The results showed that the digital module is highly valid with a total expert validation of 95.1% and in the very good category. Also, the students' response to the digital module is in the very good category, with a total response criterion of 89.8%. Therefore, the designed digital module has the ability to improve students' independence in learning because its use is not limited to classrooms.

Background Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders. In children with ASD, the neurodevelopmental and behavioral disorders are characterized by impaired quality of interaction, communication, and social imagination, with limited interest and repetitive behavior. Various studies have found that the mean zinc level is lower in children with ASD than in children without ASD, especially in the low functioning autism. Objective To compare hair zinc level in children with and without ASD. Methods This case-control study included children with ASD and controls without ASD. Subjects were children under 5 years old who came to Prof I.G.N.G. Ngoerah Hospital and Masadini Clinic in Denpasar. Hair zinc cut-off level was determined by the area under curve (AUC) based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results A total of 128 subjects consisted of 64 cases and 64 controls, with a mean age of 4 (SD 0.8) years. Most subjects were male (76%), 82.3% were well-nourished. The mean maternal age at delivery was 28.82 (SD 3.2) years. Subjects' mean hair zinc level was 87.9 (SD 231.1) µg/g. Bivariate analysis with Chi-square test revealed that children with hair zinc concentration of <33.88 µg/g were 22.19 times more likely to have ASD than those with higher zinc levels (OR 22.19; 95%CI 8.02 to 42.09; P<0.001). Conclus i on Low hair zinc level is more like l y to occur in children with ASD than in children without ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acquiring knowledge of the patterns of human mobility within a university setting is a critical endeavor that can facilitate the development of effective strategies for future work programs. It is essential to ascertain the positions of campus inhabitants as they engage in daily activities that align with the institution's work plan framework. Nonetheless, the paramount challenge associated with the presence of personal data on human movement is ensuring the utmost security of this sensitive information. Blockchain technology offers a solution by enabling the safeguarding of personal data through the decentralization of information, wherein individuals act as controllers in a distributed cloud network. In the present study, a straightforward system comprising GPS sensors and a Raspberry Pi is employed to detect personnel's location data. The SHA256 algorithm is utilized to generate a hash that connects the constituent blocks, thereby significantly enhancing data security. The intricate hash computation is validated through the implementation of proof-of-work, which generates pertinent binary data at an expeditious block mining time of 16.64 milliseconds. This approach effectively thwarts cyberattacks and ensures the maximum protection of data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]