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4. Gradual responses of grapevine yield components and carbon status to nitrogen supply

Author

Sylvain Vrignon-Brenas, Metay Aurélie, Leporatti Romain, Gharibi Shiva, Fraga Alana, Dauzat Myriam, Roland Gaëlle, and Pellegrino Anne

Subjects
nitrogen, yield components, growth, storage, carbon balance, grapevine, Agriculture, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

Aim: Nitrogen is a major element conditioning grapevine growth, yield and aromatic profiles of berries and wines. Different tools can be used in order to detect differences in N status of the plant, including direct measurements of soil, plant nitrogen status (eg. petiole; must), or indirect observations of plant nutritional status such as leaf transmittance or reflectance (eg. SPAD; NDVI). However, the relationships between these indicators of nitrogen status and the overall plant functioning over vintages remain poorly known. The present study aimed at quantifying key vegetative and reproductive responses to plant nitrogen status over two successive seasons under different nitrogen supply levels. Methods and results: Potted plants of Sauvignon Blanc grafted onto SO4 were grown outdoors in 2017 and 2018 with no water limitation. Four mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (equivalent to 0 kg of N ha-1 or 0U, 20U, 40U, 80U) and one organic nitrogen fertilization level (40U) were imposed in 2017. These treatments were doubled in 2018 to increase the degree of nitrogen supply and consequently, the range of observed effects on plant growth and yield. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD) was monitored weekly during both growing cycles. Yield components were determined over the two seasons. Lastly, plant carbon status was addressed through dynamic measurement of plant development and photosynthesis, and destructive measurement of dry matter accumulation and carbon storage in annual and perennial organs at flowering, veraison and harvest. The SPAD values progressively decreased under lower N supply (0N) during the first year (from 31 to 16) and they were more than halved between the maximum and the minimum N treatments straight after budburst in year two (40 for 160N and 19 for 0N). Then, the differences in SPAD values among treatments were maintained up to harvest (2018). The gradient of N status resulted in a gradient of berry numbers per inflorescence (from 180 to 34 berries/inflorescence for 80N and 0N, respectively in 2018) and of individual berry dry matter at harvest (from 0.13 to 0.41 g for 160N and 0N, respectively in 2018). Quantitative relationships between N status and the relative reductions (% of reduction per %SPAD decrease) in terms of C gain (leaf area, photosynthesis), C growth (shoot, berry, trunk and root dry matter) and C storage (trunk and root) were fitted at flowering, veraison and harvest. The reduction in C gain under lower N supply was mainly related to the decrease in total leaf area before flowering (-1.64%). Although the photosynthesis rate tended to decrease under N deficiency over the season, it only poorly contributed to the reduction in C gain. The whole plant C growth was inhibited when N status decreased (-1.13% at harvest), due to the inhibition of shoot dry matter before veraison (-1.81%) and to a lower extent, to the lower dry matter in berries (-0.80%), trunks (-0.42%) and roots (-0.84%) at harvest. Part of the reduction in root dry matter was related to the lower starch reserves (-0.31%) at harvest. Interestingly, starch reserves tended to be higher under organic N supply than mineral N supply. Conclusion: The present results provided a general framework of carbon gain and use over time (within and between seasons) as impacted by N supply levels and form. Such a framework will be useful when building a model of the pluri-annual dynamics of carbon balance related to yield elaboration in grapevines.

Published
2019
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5. Leaf starch metabolism sets the phase of stomatal rhythm.

Author

Westgeest, Adrianus J, Dauzat, Myriam, Simonneau, Thierry, and Pantin, Florent

Subjects
*STARCH metabolism, *STOMATA, *CORNSTARCH, *BIOLOGICAL rhythms, *RHYTHM, *WATER vapor
Abstract

In leaves of C3 and C4 plants, stomata open during the day to favor CO2 entry for photosynthesis and close at night to prevent inefficient transpiration of water vapor. The circadian clock paces rhythmic stomatal movements throughout the diel (24–h) cycle. Leaf transitory starch is also thought to regulate the diel stomatal movements, yet the underlying mechanisms across time (key moments) and space (relevant leaf tissues) remain elusive. Here, we developed PhenoLeaks, a pipeline to analyze the diel dynamics of transpiration, and used it to screen a series of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants impaired in starch metabolism. We detected a sinusoidal, endogenous rhythm of transpiration that overarches days and nights. We determined that a number of severe mutations in starch metabolism affect the endogenous rhythm through a phase shift, resulting in delayed stomatal movements throughout the daytime and diminished stomatal preopening during the night. Nevertheless, analysis of tissue-specific mutations revealed that neither guard-cell nor mesophyll-cell starch metabolisms are strictly required for normal diel patterns of transpiration. We propose that leaf starch influences the timing of transpiration rhythm through an interplay between the circadian clock and sugars across tissues, while the energetic effect of starch-derived sugars is usually nonlimiting for endogenous stomatal movements. Monitoring diel transpiration dynamics with the PhenoLeaks pipeline reveals that leaf starch metabolism sets the timing of endogenous stomatal rhythm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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6. Physiological roles of Casparian strips and suberin in the transport of water and solutes

Author

Calvo‐Polanco, Monica, primary, Ribeyre, Zoe, additional, Dauzat, Myriam, additional, Reyt, Guilhem, additional, Hidalgo‐Shrestha, Christopher, additional, Diehl, Patrick, additional, Frenger, Marc, additional, Simonneau, Thierry, additional, Muller, Bertrand, additional, Salt, David E., additional, Franke, Rochus B., additional, Maurel, Christophe, additional, and Boursiac, Yann, additional

Published
2021
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8. Natural variation of Arabidopsis thaliana responses to Cauliflower mosaic virus infection upon water deficit

Author

Bergès, Sandy, Vasseur, François, Bediée, Alexis, Rolland, Gaëlle, Masclef, Diane, Dauzat, Myriam, van Munster, Manuella, Vile, Denis, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, rant #2015005464 from European Union and the Region LanguedocRoussillon 'Chercheur d'Avenir' (FEDER FSE IEJ 2014-2020, Project APSEVIR)., Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Paul-Valéry - Montpellier 3 (UPVM)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Leaves, Genotype, QH301-705.5, Arabidopsis Thaliana, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Plant Pathogens, Plant Science, Brassica, Research and Analysis Methods, Microbiology, Plant Viral Pathogens, Model Organisms, Caulimovirus, Plant and Algal Models, Virology, Plant Resistance to Abiotic Stress, Plant-Environment Interactions, Natural Resources, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Plant Defenses, Biology (General), Flowering Plants, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Plant Diseases, Dehydration, Ecology, Plant Anatomy, Plant Ecology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, fungi, Organisms, Genetic Variation, Biology and Life Sciences, Eukaryota, food and beverages, Plants, Plant Pathology, RC581-607, [SDV.BV.PEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, [SDV.BV.AP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Plant breeding, Experimental Organism Systems, Plant Physiology, Animal Studies, Water Resources, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, Viral Transmission and Infection, Research Article
Abstract

Plant virus pathogenicity is expected to vary with changes in the abiotic environment that affect plant physiology. Conversely, viruses can alter the host plant response to additional stimuli from antagonism to mutualism depending on the virus, the host plant and the environment. Ecological theory, specifically the CSR framework of plant strategies developed by Grime and collaborators, states that plants cannot simultaneously optimize resistance to both water deficit and pathogens. Here, we investigated the vegetative and reproductive performance of 44 natural accessions of A. thaliana originating from the Iberian Peninsula upon simultaneous exposure to soil water deficit and viral infection by the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV). Following the predictions of Grime’s CSR theory, we tested the hypothesis that the ruderal character of a plant genotype is positively related to its tolerance to virus infection regardless of soil water availability. Our results showed that CaMV infection decreased plant vegetative performance and annihilated reproductive success of all accessions. In general, water deficit decreased plant performance, but, despite differences in behavior, ranking of accessions tolerance to CaMV was conserved under water deficit. Ruderality, quantified from leaf traits following a previously published procedure, varied significantly among accessions, and was positively correlated with tolerance to viral infection under both well-watered and water deficit conditions, although the latter to a lesser extent. Also, in accordance with the ruderal character of the accession and previous findings, our results suggest that accession tolerance to CaMV infection is positively correlated with early flowering. Finally, plant survival to CaMV infection increased under water deficit. The complex interactions between plant, virus and abiotic environment are discussed in terms of the variation in plant ecological strategies at the intraspecific level., Author summary Virus pathogenicity may be influenced by changes in the abiotic environment. A common change is decrease in soil water availability, which is detrimental to plant productivity and the occurrence of which is expected to increase due to climate change, has recently been shown to interfere with plant–virus interactions. We investigated the performance of 44 natural accessions of the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana infected by Cauliflower mosaic virus under well-watered and water deficit conditions. We showed that viral infection decreased plant vegetative performance and annihilated reproductive success of all accessions, and that these pathogenic effects were increased by water deficit. Intrinsic characteristics of the accessions were related to their tolerance to the virus so that accessions with low leaf tissue density and rapid growth rate were more tolerant to viral infection regardless of watering condition. Finally, plant survival upon viral infection increased under water deficit. We discuss the role of intrinsic plant characteristics, seen as ecological strategies, in plant tolerance to viral infections under contrasting environmental conditions, and the consequences for the study of viral epidemiology.

Published
2020

9. Physiological Roles of Casparian Strips and Suberin. Transport of Water and Solutes, Salt Tolerance

Author

Boursiac, Yann, CALVO-POLANCO, Maria Monica, Ribeyre, Zoe, Dauzat, Myriam, Reyt, Guilhem, Hidalgo-Shrestha, Christophe, Diehl, Patrick, Frenger, Marc, Franke, Rochus B., Salt, David E, Simonneau, Thierry, Muller, Bertrand, Maurel, Christophe, Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), and Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
[SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

10. Gradual responses of grapevine yield components and carbon status to nitrogen supply

Author

Pellegrino Anne, Leporatti Romain, Gharibi Shiva, Fraga Alana, Roland Gaëlle, Sylvain Vrignon-Brenas, Metay Aurélie, Dauzat Myriam, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Fonctionnement et conduite des systèmes de culture tropicaux et méditerranéens (UMR SYSTEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre International de Hautes Etudes Agronomiques Méditerranéennes - Institut Agronomique Méditerranéen de Montpellier (CIHEAM-IAMM), Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Centre International de Hautes Études Agronomiques Méditerranéennes (CIHEAM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, Nitrogen, growth, Yield components, SPAD, Grapevine, Quantitative responses, N supply, Horticulture, Biology, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, Petiole (botany), Veraison, storage, lcsh:Agriculture, lcsh:Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Dry matter, carbon balance, 2. Zero hunger, Vegetal Biology, Crop yield, lcsh:S, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, nutrition azotée, lcsh:QK1-989, Agricultural sciences, sauvignon blanc, fertilisation azotée, Inflorescence, Shoot, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, écophysiologie végétale, vigne, Biologie végétale, Sciences agricoles, 010606 plant biology & botany, Food Science
Abstract

International audience; Aim: Nitrogen is a major element conditioning grapevine growth, yield and aromatic profiles of berries and wines. Different tools can be used in order to detect differences in N status of the plant, including direct measurements of soil, plant nitrogen status (eg. petiole; must), or indirect observations of plant nutritional status such as leaf transmittance or reflectance (eg. SPAD; NDVI). However, the relationships between these indicators of nitrogen status and the overall plant functioning over vintages remain poorly known. The present study aimed at quantifying key vegetative and reproductive responses to plant nitrogen status over two successive seasons under different nitrogen supply levels. Methods and results: Potted plants of Sauvignon Blanc grafted onto SO4 were grown outdoors in 2017 and 2018 with no water limitation. Four mineral nitrogen fertilization levels (equivalent to 0 kg of N ha-1 or 0U, 20U, 40U, 80U) and one organic nitrogen fertilization level (40U) were imposed in 2017. These treatments were doubled in 2018 to increase the degree of nitrogen supply and consequently, the range of observed effects on plant growth and yield. Plant nitrogen status (SPAD) was monitored weekly during both growing cycles. Yield components were determined over the two seasons. Lastly, plant carbon status was addressed through dynamic measurement of plant development and photosynthesis, and destructive measurement of dry matter accumulation and carbon storage in annual and perennial organs at flowering, veraison and harvest. The SPAD values progressively decreased under lower N supply (0N) during the first year (from 31 to 16) and they were more than halved between the maximum and the minimum N treatments straight after budburst in year two (40 for 160N and 19 for 0N). Then, the differences in SPAD values among treatments were maintained up to harvest (2018). The gradient of N status resulted in a gradient of berry numbers per inflorescence (from 180 to 34 berries/inflorescence for 80N and 0N, respectively in 2018) and of individual berry dry matter at harvest (from 0.13 to 0.41 g for 160N and 0N, respectively in 2018). Quantitative relationships between N status and the relative reductions (% of reduction per %SPAD decrease) in terms of C gain (leaf area, photosynthesis), C growth (shoot, berry, trunk and root dry matter) and C storage (trunk and root) were fitted at flowering, veraison and harvest. The reduction in C gain under lower N supply was mainly related to the decrease in total leaf area before flowering (-1.64%). Although the photosynthesis rate tended to decrease under N deficiency over the season, it only poorly contributed to the reduction in C gain. The whole plant C growth was inhibited when N status decreased (-1.13% at harvest), due to the inhibition of shoot dry matter before veraison (-1.81%) and to a lower extent, to the lower dry matter in berries (-0.80%), trunks (-0.42%) and roots (-0.84%) at harvest. Part of the reduction in root dry matter was related to the lower starch reserves (-0.31%) at harvest. Interestingly, starch reserves tended to be higher under organic N supply than mineral N supply. Conclusion: The present results provided a general framework of carbon gain and use over time (within and between seasons) as impacted by N supply levels and form. Such a framework will be useful when building a model of the pluri-annual dynamics of carbon balance related to yield elaboration in grapevines.

Published
2019

12. La métrologie dans le Département EA

Author

Giot, Guillaume, Jaulin, Anne, Ayzac, Adeline, Dauzat, Myriam, Cellier, Pierre, Unité de recherche Science du Sol (USS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
mesure physique, instrumentation, [SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Autre (Sciences de l'ingénieur), métrologie, démarche qualité, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2017

13. MOESM2 of PYM: a new, affordable, image-based method using a Raspberry Pi to phenotype plant leaf area in a wide diversity of environments

Author

Valle, Benoît, Simonneau, Thierry, Boulord, Romain, Sourd, Francis, Frisson, Thibault, Ryckewaert, Maxime, Hamard, Philippe, Brichet, Nicolas, Dauzat, Myriam, and Christophe, Angélique

Abstract

Additional file 2. Detailed wiring between the contactor and Raspberry Pi computers. By default, GPIO18 is connected to Ground, when the contactor is pushed, electric power is transferred to GPIO18, launching a script in the Raspberry Pi, triggering the image capture on all connected devices. A 470 k Ω resistor was attached to the GPIO18 entry at the contactor level to reduce. The cameras are not shown in this view.

Published
2017
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16. PHENOPSIS Quelles évolutions technologiques du premier automate de phénotypage des plantes?

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Dambreville, Anaëlle, Bresson, Justine, Vile, Denis, Muller, Bertrand, Negre, Vincent, Koch, Garance, Vasseur, François, Bediee, Alexis, Desigaux, Maxence, Fourreau, Denis, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Optimalog Sarl, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Type de mesures, automate, Phénotypage haut-débit, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], croissance des plantes, arabidopsis thaliana, Flexibilité, Sécurités, Ecophysiologie, plateforme de phénotypage, traçabilité du processus, Automate, robots, écophysiologie végétale, fiabilité des résultats
Abstract

Afin de répondre aux besoins de phénotypage à haut débit dans le domaine végétal, le LEPSE (Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des plantes sous stress environnementaux) et la société Optimalog ont mis au point dès 2002 PHENOPSIS, un des premiers automates de phénotypage des plantes pour cultiver et suivre la croissance en pots de centaines de plantes de l’espèce modèle Arabidopsis thaliana et ce à des niveaux de déficit hydrique du sol contrôlés. Depuis, PHENOPSIS a été utilisé comme outil de phénotypage dans plusieurs dizaines de publications. En parallèle, l’outil a évolué à la demande des utilisateurs pour élargir la gamme de mesures phénotypiques, accroître la sécurité des utilisateurs et améliorer la traçabilité et la fiabilité des données. Cet article fait le point sur ces évolutions.

Published
2016

19. Natural variation in [i]Arabidopsis thaliana[/i] response to water deficit

Author

Rymaszewski, Wojciech, Vile, Denis, Bediee, Alexis, Dauzat, Myriam, Hennig, Jacek, Granier, Christine, Laboratory of Plant Pathogenesis, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, and European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Plant response to soil water deficit involves complex survival strategies. Among others, they include efforts to maintain constant water potential by limitation of water loss e.g. decrease of transpiration rate and arrest of growth. Plants have also evolved dehydration tolerance mechanisms, leading to reorganization of global transcription patterns and accumulation of osmotically active solutes inside cells. We utilized the phenotyping platform PHENOPSIS to conduct an experiment on 18 Arabidopsis accessions in order to study natural variation in response to water deficit. Our set of accessions was chosen on the basis of annexin 1 (AtAnn1) mRNA level, that was previously related to drought tolerance. Plants were grown in control conditions or were subjected to moderate and severe soil water deficit. Measured traits were mainly associated with growth and transpiration, allowing us to assess responses of different accessions to applied environmental stresses. Additionally, we harvested leaf samples to determine changes in gene expression patterns induced by dehydration. Used set of accessions displayed high variation in response to water deficit, however unrelated to AtAnn1 transcript level. Principal component analysis performed on physiological data revealed condition-dependent clustering, as well as presence of individuals behaving in a significantly distinct fashion, suggesting their extreme low or high response. We are joining phenotypic and molecular analyses together to acquire more complete description of plant response to water deficit and we are also looking for links between measured variables of both types of data.Project was funded by EPPN and Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (grant no. UMO-2012/05/N/NZ9/01396)

Published
2015

20. PHENOPSIS: From a phenotyping platform to a whole pipeline of analyses

Author

Dauzat, Myriam, Bediee, Alexis, Balsera, Crispulo, Rolland, Gaelle, Vile, Denis, Muller, Bertrand, Negre, Vincent, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), European Project: 284443, European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, and European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID

Subjects
base de données, [STAT.AP]Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], Vegetal Biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], arabidopsis thaliana, food and beverages, protocole expérimental, mesure micrométéorologique, outil statistique, interaction génotype environnement, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], plateforme de phénotypage, Applications, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Biologie végétale, analyse d'image 3d, ontologie
Abstract

National audience; A major goal of the life sciences is to understand and model how molecular processes control phenotypes and their alteration in response to biotic or abiotic stresses. The study of Arabidopsis thaliana genomics is providing new insights into the understanding of these processes. The functional analysis of genes associated with these responses is made possible by the phenotypic analyses of mutants or natural genetic variants, high-throughput genetic mapping and large-scale analyses of gene expression. Ten years ago, an important bottleneck was the phenotypic analysis of the genetic variability, which requires simultaneous analysis of hundreds to thousands of plants. The PHENOPSIS platform provide since 2002 large quantities of micro-meteorological data, images and phenotypical data for the study of genotype x environment interaction effects on different plant processes in A. thaliana. Protocols have been standardised to allow reproducibility between experiments and facilitate meta-analyses. Phenopsis is part of the M3P facility (https://www6.montpellier.inra.fr/lepse/M3P). It is accessible to public or private scientists via the website of the national project Phenome-FPPN (https://www.phenome-fppn.fr/). Database, ontologies, image analyses and statistical tools ensure that the data produced by specific groups can benefit other groups in analyses of which the purposes extend beyond the ones that have been published.

Published
2015

21. A multi-scale pipeline for reproducible analyses of tomato leaf expansion and its plasticity in response to drought

Author

Koch, Garance, DAMBREVILLE, Anaëlle, Rolland, Gaelle, Dauzat, Myriam, Chevalier, Christian, Frangne, Nathalie, Guedon, Yann, Bertin, Nadia, Baldazzi, Valentina, Granier, Christine, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Biologie du fruit et pathologie (BFP), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Modeling plant morphogenesis at different scales, from genes to phenotype (VIRTUAL PLANTS), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Unité de recherche Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles (PSH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
cell division, feuille, leaf, fleshy fruit, growth, fruit charnu, division cellulaire, tomato, croissance, endoréduplication, tomate, physiologie végétale, solanum lycopersicum, développement de la plante, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology
Abstract

A multi-scale pipeline for reproducible analyses of tomato leaf expansion and its plasticity in response to drought. 10. International Symposium on Modelling in Fruit Research and Orchard Management

Published
2015

22. M3P: The 'Montpellier Plant Phenotyping Platforms'

Author

Welcker, Claude, Cabrera Bosquet, Llorenç, Grau, Antonin, Tardieu, Francois, Negre, Vincent, Brichet, Nicolas, Suard, Benoit, Mineau, Jonathan, Dauzat, Myriam, Granier, Christine, Muller, Bertrand, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, European Plant Phenotyping Network - EPPN - - EC:FP7:INFRA2012-01-01 - 2015-12-31 - 284443 - VALID, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), European Project: 244374,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,DROPS(2010), European Project: 284443,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2011-1,EPPN(2012), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and European Project: 284443

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, Biodiversité et Ecologie, montpellier, infrastructure, dispositif expérimental, Biodiversity and Ecology, plateforme de phénotypage, [SDV.BDD] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [SDV.BV] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, France, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Biologie végétale
Abstract

National audience; The research group LEPSE, ranked among the top 5% research group in ecophysiology worldwide in 2014 by a panel of experts is developing high throughput phenotyping platforms for more than 15 years. Three complementary platforms, embarking 500 to 1700 plants simultaneously, aim to analyze and model genetic variability of plant responses to environmental stresses and climate change (mainly drought and elevated temperature). These platforms host large collections of genotypes of the same species, evaluate their tolerance and obtain relevant parameters that will be injected into predicting models allowing the selection and the breeding of future, tolerant and more efficient varieties. These platforms are gathered into "Montpellier Plant Phenotyping Platforms " (M3P), that is a full member of the "Investmant for the future" initiative PHENOME. The platforms hosts ~ 50% of external access in the frame of national and international projects on a variety of species (maize, wheat, grapevine, apple tree, sorghum, millet, rice, A. Thaliana).

Published
2015

23. Mesures en série des échanges gazeux à l'échelle plante entière de plantes cultivées en pot

Author

Bediee, Alexis, Luchaire, Nathalie, DAMBREVILLE, Anaëlle, Brichet, Nicolas, Hamard, Philippe, Dauzat, Myriam, Muller, Bertrand, Pellegrino, Anne, Écophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress environnementaux (LEPSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR (projet DURAVITIS), EIT Climate-KIC project AgwaterBreed, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR-10-GENM-0004,DURAVITIS,Bases développementales, moléculaires et génétiques de l'adaptation de la vigne à la contrainte thermique.(2010), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)

Subjects
Vegetal Biology, plante entière, Respiration, mise au point de technique, Chambre d’assimilation, cylindre emboîtable, Circuit ouvert, Cylindre emboîtable, Photosynthèse nette, Plante entière, Transpiration, transpiration, circuit ouvert, chambre d'assimilation, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, écophysiologie végétale, vigne, Biologie végétale, respiration végétale
Abstract

Un système permettant de mesurer la photosynthèse nette, la respiration et la transpiration individuelles de quatre plantes en pot a été développé. Ces dernières sont positionnées dans des chambres d’assimilation dont la hauteur est ajustable selon l’espèce et selon les contraintes d’encombrement liées au lieu de mesure (serre, chambre de culture, extérieur). Il s’agît d’un système ouvert : l’air dans les chambres d’assimilation est sans cesse renouvelé, ce qui évite une décroissance du taux de CO2 (due à la consommation de la plante) et un éventuel effet de serre. Le système a été testé en conditions contrôlées sur la microvigne pour différents gradients thermiques et sur le colza. Les mesures de transpiration et de photosynthèse, pour des environnements thermiques contrastés, sont conformes à celles obtenues à l’aide d’autres outils utilisés en routine en écophysiologie (balances, analyseur d’échanges gazeux à l’échelle foliaire). Les chambres permettent d’accéder à la respiration de l’ensemble des organes aériens de la plante, contrairement aux mesures d’échanges gazeux localisées sur les feuilles. Les améliorations à prévoir concernant la conception des chambres et le protocole de mesure sont discutées.

Published
2015

27. The Arabidopsis AtPP2CA Protein Phosphatase Inhibits the GORK K+ Efflux Channel and Exerts a Dominant Suppressive Effect on Phosphomimetic-activating Mutations.

Author

Lefoulon, Cécile, Boeglin, Martin, Moreau, Bertrand, Véry, Anne-Aliénor, Szponarski, Wojciech, Dauzat, Myriam, Michard, Erwan, Gaillard, Isabelle, and Chérel, Isabelle

Subjects
*ARABIDOPSIS proteins, *PROTEIN phosphatase inhibitors, *GENETIC mutation, *SUBSTITUTION reactions, *PHENOTYPES
Abstract

The regulation of the GORK (Guard Cell Outward Rectifying) Shaker channel mediating a massive K+ efflux in Arabidopsis guard cells by the phosphatase AtPP2CA was investigated. Unlike the gork mutant, the atpp2ca mutants displayed a phenotype of reduced transpiration. We found that AtPP2CA interacts physically with GORK and inhibits GORK activity in Xenopus oocytes. Several amino acid substitutions in the AtPP2CA active site, including the dominant interfering G145D mutation, disrupted the GORK-AtPP2CA interaction, meaning that the native conformation of the AtPP2CA active site is required for theGORKAtPP2CA interaction. Furthermore, two serines in the GORK ankyrin domain that mimic phosphorylation (Ser to Glu) or dephosphorylation (Ser to Ala) were mutated. Mutations mimicking phosphorylation led to a significant increase in GORK activity, whereas mutations mimicking dephosphorylation had no effect on GORK. In Xenopus oocytes, the interaction of AtPP2CA with "phosphorylated" or "dephosphorylated"GORK systematically led to inhibition of the channel to the same baseline level. Single-channel recordings indicated that the GORK S722E mutation increases the open probability of the channel in the absence, but not in the presence, of AtPP2CA. The dephosphorylation- independent inactivation mechanism of GORK by AtPP2CA is discussed in relation with well known conformational changes in animal Shaker-like channels that lead to channel opening and closing. In plants, PP2C activity would control the stomatal aperture by regulating both GORK and SLAC1, the two main channels required for stomatal closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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28. Natural variation of Arabidopsis thaliana responses to Cauliflower mosaic virus infection upon water deficit.

Author

Bergès SE, Vasseur F, Bediée A, Rolland G, Masclef D, Dauzat M, van Munster M, and Vile D

Subjects
Dehydration genetics, Dehydration virology, Arabidopsis genetics, Arabidopsis virology, Caulimovirus, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Plant Diseases genetics, Plant Diseases virology
Abstract

Plant virus pathogenicity is expected to vary with changes in the abiotic environment that affect plant physiology. Conversely, viruses can alter the host plant response to additional stimuli from antagonism to mutualism depending on the virus, the host plant and the environment. Ecological theory, specifically the CSR framework of plant strategies developed by Grime and collaborators, states that plants cannot simultaneously optimize resistance to both water deficit and pathogens. Here, we investigated the vegetative and reproductive performance of 44 natural accessions of A. thaliana originating from the Iberian Peninsula upon simultaneous exposure to soil water deficit and viral infection by the Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV). Following the predictions of Grime's CSR theory, we tested the hypothesis that the ruderal character of a plant genotype is positively related to its tolerance to virus infection regardless of soil water availability. Our results showed that CaMV infection decreased plant vegetative performance and annihilated reproductive success of all accessions. In general, water deficit decreased plant performance, but, despite differences in behavior, ranking of accessions tolerance to CaMV was conserved under water deficit. Ruderality, quantified from leaf traits following a previously published procedure, varied significantly among accessions, and was positively correlated with tolerance to viral infection under both well-watered and water deficit conditions, although the latter to a lesser extent. Also, in accordance with the ruderal character of the accession and previous findings, our results suggest that accession tolerance to CaMV infection is positively correlated with early flowering. Finally, plant survival to CaMV infection increased under water deficit. The complex interactions between plant, virus and abiotic environment are discussed in terms of the variation in plant ecological strategies at the intraspecific level., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2020
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29. Phenotyping oilseed rape growth-related traits and their responses to water deficit: the disturbing pot size effect.

Author

Dambreville A, Griolet M, Rolland G, Dauzat M, Bédiée A, Balsera C, Muller B, Vile D, and Granier C

Abstract

Following the recent development of high-throughput phenotyping platforms for plant research, the number of individual plants grown together in a same experiment has raised, sometimes at the expense of pot size. However, root restriction in excessively small pots affects plant growth and carbon partitioning, and may interact with other stresses targeted in these experiments. In work reported here, we investigated the interactive effects of pot size and soil water deficit on multiple growth-related traits from the cellular to the whole-plant scale in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The effects of pot size on responses to water deficit and allometric relationships revealed strong, multilevel interactions between pot size and watering regime. Notably, water deficit increased the root:shoot ratio in large pots, but not in small pots. At the cellular scale, water deficit decreased epidermal leaf cell area in large pots, but not in small pots. These results were consistent with changes in the level of endoreduplication factor in leaf cells. Our study illustrates the disturbing interaction of pot size with water deficit and raises the need to carefully consider this factor in the frame of the current development of high-throughput phenotyping experiments.

Published
2016
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