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With the increasing popularity of XML for data representations, there is a lot of interest in searching XML data. Due to the structural heterogeneity and textual content's diversity of XML, it is daunting for users to formulate exact queries and search accurate answers. Therefore, approximate matching is introduced to deal with the difficulty in answering users’ queries, and this matching could be addressed by first relaxing the structure and content of a given query and, then, looking for answers that match the relaxed queries. Ranking and returning the most relevant results of a query have become the most popular paradigm in XML query processing. However, the existing proposals do not adequately take structures into account, and they, therefore, lack the strength to elegantly combine structures with contents to answer the relaxed queries. To address this problem, we first propose a sophisticated framework of query relaxations for supporting approximate queries over XML data. The answers underlying this framework are not compelled to strictly satisfy the given query formulation; instead, they can be founded on properties inferable from the original query. We, then, develop a novel top- k retrieval approach that can smartly generate the most promising answers in an order correlated with the ranking measure. We complement the work with a comprehensive set of experiments to show the effectiveness of our proposed approach in terms of precision and recall metrics.

To investigate prostate cancer-related genes and lncRNAs by using a high throughput sequencing dataset.RNA-seq data were obtained from the sequencing read archive database, including both benign and malignant tumor samples. After aligning the RNA-seq reads to human genome reference, gene expression profile as well as lncRNA expression profile was obtained. Next, student's t-test was used to screen both the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DELs) between benign and malignant samples. Finally, goseq was used to conduct the functional annotation of DEGs.A total of 7112 DEGs were screened, such as ZNF512B, UCKL1, STMN3, GMEB2, and PTK6. The top 10 enriched functions of DEGs were mainly related to organism development, including multi-cellular development, system development and anatomical structure development. Also, we discovered 26 differentially expressed lncRNAs.The analysis used in this study is reliable in screening prostate cancer markers including both genes and lncRNAs by using RNA-seq data, which provides new insight into the understanding of molecular mechanism of prostate cancer.