108 results on '"Cui, Tianqu"'
Search Results
2. Increasing Isoprene Epoxydiol-to-Inorganic Sulfate Aerosol Ratio Results in Extensive Conversion of Inorganic Sulfate to Organosulfur Forms: Implications for Aerosol Physicochemical Properties
- Author
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Riva, Matthieu, Chen, Yuzhi, Zhang, Yue, Lei, Ziying, Olson, Nicole E, Boyer, Hallie C, Narayan, Shweta, Yee, Lindsay D, Green, Hilary S, Cui, Tianqu, Zhang, Zhenfa, Baumann, Karsten, Fort, Mike, Edgerton, Eric, Budisulistiorini, Sri H, Rose, Caitlin A, Ribeiro, Igor O, Oliveira, Rafael LE, dos Santos, Erickson O, Machado, Cristine MD, Szopa, Sophie, Zhao, Yue, Alves, Eliane G, de Sá, Suzane S, Hu, Weiwei, Knipping, Eladio M, Shaw, Stephanie L, Duvoisin, Sergio, de Souza, Rodrigo AF, Palm, Brett B, Jimenez, Jose-Luis, Glasius, Marianne, Goldstein, Allen H, Pye, Havala OT, Gold, Avram, Turpin, Barbara J, Vizuete, William, Martin, Scot T, Thornton, Joel A, Dutcher, Cari S, Ault, Andrew P, and Surratt, Jason D
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Climate Action ,Aerosols ,Atmosphere ,Butadienes ,Hemiterpenes ,Pentanes ,Sulfates ,Tennessee ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Acid-driven multiphase chemistry of isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX), key isoprene oxidation products, with inorganic sulfate aerosol yields substantial amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) through the formation of organosulfur compounds. The extent and implications of inorganic-to-organic sulfate conversion, however, are unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that extensive consumption of inorganic sulfate occurs, which increases with the IEPOX-to-inorganic sulfate concentration ratio (IEPOX/Sulfinorg), as determined by laboratory measurements. Characterization of the total sulfur aerosol observed at Look Rock, Tennessee, from 2007 to 2016 shows that organosulfur mass fractions will likely continue to increase with ongoing declines in anthropogenic Sulfinorg, consistent with our laboratory findings. We further demonstrate that organosulfur compounds greatly modify critical aerosol properties, such as acidity, morphology, viscosity, and phase state. These new mechanistic insights demonstrate that changes in SO2 emissions, especially in isoprene-dominated environments, will significantly alter biogenic SOA physicochemical properties. Consequently, IEPOX/Sulfinorg will play an important role in understanding the historical climate and determining future impacts of biogenic SOA on the global climate and air quality.
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- 2019
3. Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India
- Author
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Bhattu, Deepika, primary, Tripathi, Sachchida Nand, additional, Bhowmik, Himadri Sekhar, additional, Moschos, Vaios, additional, Lee, Chuan Ping, additional, Rauber, Martin, additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Abbaszade, Gülcin, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Slowik, Jay G., additional, Vats, Pawan, additional, Mishra, Suneeti, additional, Lalchandani, Vipul, additional, Satish, Rangu, additional, Rai, Pragati, additional, Casotto, Roberto, additional, Tobler, Anna, additional, Kumar, Varun, additional, Hao, Yufang, additional, Qi, Lu, additional, Khare, Peeyush, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Wang, Qiyuan, additional, Han, Yuemei, additional, Tian, Jie, additional, Darfeuil, Sophie, additional, Minguillon, Mari Cruz, additional, Hueglin, Christoph, additional, Conil, Sébastien, additional, Rastogi, Neeraj, additional, Srivastava, Atul Kumar, additional, Ganguly, Dilip, additional, Bjelic, Sasa, additional, Canonaco, Francesco, additional, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, additional, Dominutti, Pamela A., additional, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Chen, Yang, additional, Cao, Junji, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Uzu, Gaëlle, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional, El Haddad, Imad, additional, and Prévôt, André S. H., additional
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gene Expression Profiling in Human Lung Cells Exposed to Isoprene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol
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Lin, Ying-Hsuan, Arashiro, Maiko, Clapp, Phillip W, Cui, Tianqu, Sexton, Kenneth G, Vizuete, William, Gold, Avram, Jaspers, Ilona, Fry, Rebecca C, and Surratt, Jason D
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Biotechnology ,Genetics ,Lung ,Aerosols ,Butadienes ,Epithelial Cells ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Hemiterpenes ,Humans ,Pentanes ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Secondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from the photochemical oxidation of isoprene contributes a substantial mass fraction to atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5). The formation of isoprene SOA is influenced largely by anthropogenic emissions through multiphase chemistry of its multigenerational oxidation products. Considering the abundance of isoprene SOA in the troposphere, understanding mechanisms of adverse health effects through inhalation exposure is critical to mitigating its potential impact on public health. In this study, we assessed the effects of isoprene SOA on gene expression in human airway epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) through an air-liquid interface exposure. Gene expression profiling of 84 oxidative stress and 249 inflammation-associated human genes was performed. Our results show that the expression levels of 29 genes were significantly altered upon isoprene SOA exposure under noncytotoxic conditions (p < 0.05), with the majority (22/29) of genes passing a false discovery rate threshold of 0.3. The most significantly affected genes belong to the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor network. The Nrf2 function is confirmed through a reporter cell line. Together with detailed characterization of SOA constituents, this study reveals the impact of isoprene SOA exposure on lung responses and highlights the importance of further understanding its potential health outcomes.
- Published
- 2017
5. Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India
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0000-0003-3597-190X, 0000-0002-6402-4680, 0009-0000-6159-6854, 0000-0002-6251-4117, 0000-0003-0051-8179, 0000-0002-0021-4813, 0000-0002-0425-5997, 0000-0002-0062-234X, 0000-0002-5764-0231, 0000-0003-3810-3972, 0000-0002-0725-7517, 0000-0003-2669-9633, 0000-0002-6582-0742, 0000-0003-1078-1296, 0000-0003-1111-0881, 0000-0002-5044-8386, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-5464-0391, 0000-0002-6973-522X, 0000-0001-6767-821X, 0000-0003-4532-7827, 0000-0001-5282-0156, 0000-0002-9805-3201, 0000-0001-8495-6461, 0000-0003-4846-2303, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0002-1824-6207, 0000-0003-0079-8713, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0003-1246-6396, 0000-0002-2461-7238, 0000-0002-9243-8194, Bhattu, Deepika, Tripathi, Sachchida Nand, Bhowmik, Himadri Sekhar, Moschos, Vaios, Lee, Chuan Ping, Rauber, Martin, Salazar, Gary, Abbaszade, Gülcin, Cui, Tianqu, Slowik, Jay G., Vats, Pawan, Mishra, Suneeti, Lalchandani, Vipul, Satish, Rangu, Rai, Pragati, Casotto, Roberto, Tobler, Anna, Kumar, Varun, Hao, Yufang, Qi, Lu, Khare, Peeyush, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Wang, Qiyuan, Han, Yuemei, Tian, Jie, Darfeuil, Sophie, Minguillon, Mari Cruz, Hueglin, Christoph, Conil, Sébastien, Rastogi, Neeraj, Srivastava, Atul Kumar, Ganguly, Dilip, Bjelic, Sasa, Canonaco, Francesco, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Dominutti, Pamela A., Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Szidat, Sönke, Chen, Yang, Cao, Junji, Baltensperger, Urs, Uzu, Gaëlle, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., El Haddad, Imad, Prévôt, André S. H., 0000-0003-3597-190X, 0000-0002-6402-4680, 0009-0000-6159-6854, 0000-0002-6251-4117, 0000-0003-0051-8179, 0000-0002-0021-4813, 0000-0002-0425-5997, 0000-0002-0062-234X, 0000-0002-5764-0231, 0000-0003-3810-3972, 0000-0002-0725-7517, 0000-0003-2669-9633, 0000-0002-6582-0742, 0000-0003-1078-1296, 0000-0003-1111-0881, 0000-0002-5044-8386, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-5464-0391, 0000-0002-6973-522X, 0000-0001-6767-821X, 0000-0003-4532-7827, 0000-0001-5282-0156, 0000-0002-9805-3201, 0000-0001-8495-6461, 0000-0003-4846-2303, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0002-1824-6207, 0000-0003-0079-8713, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0003-1246-6396, 0000-0002-2461-7238, 0000-0002-9243-8194, Bhattu, Deepika, Tripathi, Sachchida Nand, Bhowmik, Himadri Sekhar, Moschos, Vaios, Lee, Chuan Ping, Rauber, Martin, Salazar, Gary, Abbaszade, Gülcin, Cui, Tianqu, Slowik, Jay G., Vats, Pawan, Mishra, Suneeti, Lalchandani, Vipul, Satish, Rangu, Rai, Pragati, Casotto, Roberto, Tobler, Anna, Kumar, Varun, Hao, Yufang, Qi, Lu, Khare, Peeyush, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Wang, Qiyuan, Han, Yuemei, Tian, Jie, Darfeuil, Sophie, Minguillon, Mari Cruz, Hueglin, Christoph, Conil, Sébastien, Rastogi, Neeraj, Srivastava, Atul Kumar, Ganguly, Dilip, Bjelic, Sasa, Canonaco, Francesco, Schnelle-Kreis, Jürgen, Dominutti, Pamela A., Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Szidat, Sönke, Chen, Yang, Cao, Junji, Baltensperger, Urs, Uzu, Gaëlle, Daellenbach, Kaspar R., El Haddad, Imad, and Prévôt, André S. H.
- Abstract
The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) is a major driver of PM-associated health effects. In India, the emission sources defining PM-OP, and their local/regional nature, are yet to be established. Here, to address this gap we determine the geographical origin, sources of PM, and its OP at five Indo-Gangetic Plain sites inside and outside Delhi. Our findings reveal that although uniformly high PM concentrations are recorded across the entire region, local emission sources and formation processes dominate PM pollution. Specifically, ammonium chloride, and organic aerosols (OA) from traffic exhaust, residential heating, and oxidation of unsaturated vapors from fossil fuels are the dominant PM sources inside Delhi. Ammonium sulfate and nitrate, and secondary OA from biomass burning vapors, are produced outside Delhi. Nevertheless, PM-OP is overwhelmingly driven by OA from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, including traffic. These findings suggest that addressing local inefficient combustion processes can effectively mitigate PM health exposure in northern India.
- Published
- 2024
6. Large contribution of in-cloud production of secondary organic aerosol from biomass burning emissions.
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Wang, Tiantian, Li, Kun, Bell, David M., Zhang, Jun, Cui, Tianqu, Surdu, Mihnea, Baltensperger, Urs, Slowik, Jay G., Lamkaddam, Houssni, El Haddad, Imad, and Prevot, Andre S. H.
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CARBONACEOUS aerosols ,BIOMASS burning ,ORGANIC chemistry ,AEROSOLS ,WOOD combustion ,PHASE partition ,AIR quality - Abstract
Organic compounds released from wildfires and residential biomass burning play a crucial role in shaping the composition of the atmosphere. The solubility and subsequent reactions of these compounds in the aqueous phase of clouds and fog remain poorly understood. Nevertheless, these compounds have the potential to become an important source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this study, we simulated the aqueous SOA (aqSOA) from residential wood burning emissions under atmospherically relevant conditions of gas-liquid phase partitioning, using a wetted-wall flow reactor (WFR). We analyzed and quantified the specific compounds present in these emissions at a molecular level and determined their solubility in clouds. Our findings reveal that while 1% of organic compounds are fully water-soluble, 19% exhibit moderate solubility and can partition into the aqueous phase in a thick cloud. Furthermore, it is found that the aqSOA generated in our laboratory experiments has a substantial fraction being attributed to the formation of oligomers in the aqueous phase. We also determined an aqSOA yield of 20% from residential wood combustion, which surpasses current estimates based on gas-phase oxidation. These results indicate that in-cloud chemistry of organic gases emitted from wood burning can serve as an efficient pathway to produce organic aerosols, thus potentially influencing climate and air quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions
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Li, Kun, primary, Zhang, Jun, additional, Bell, David M, additional, Wang, Tiantian, additional, Lamkaddam, Houssni, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Qi, Lu, additional, Surdu, Mihnea, additional, Wang, Dongyu, additional, Du, Lin, additional, Haddad, Imad El, additional, Slowik, Jay G, additional, and Prevot, Andre S H, additional
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- 2024
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8. A biogenic secondary organic aerosol source of cirrus ice nucleating particles
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Wolf, Martin J., Zhang, Yue, Zawadowicz, Maria A., Goodell, Megan, Froyd, Karl, Freney, Evelyn, Sellegri, Karine, Rösch, Michael, Cui, Tianqu, Winter, Margaux, Lacher, Larissa, Axisa, Duncan, DeMott, Paul J., Levin, Ezra J. T., Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan, Koss, Abigail, Kroll, Jesse H., Surratt, Jason D., and Cziczo, Daniel J.
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- 2020
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9. Bulk and molecular-level composition of primary organic aerosol from wood, straw, cow dung, and plastic burning.
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Zhang, Jun, Li, Kun, Wang, Tiantian, Gammelsæter, Erlend, Cheung, Rico K. Y., Surdu, Mihnea, Bogler, Sophie, Bhattu, Deepika, Wang, Dongyu S., Cui, Tianqu, Qi, Lu, Lamkaddam, Houssni, El Haddad, Imad, Slowik, Jay G., Prevot, Andre S. H., and Bell, David M.
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CARBONACEOUS aerosols ,WOOD ,MANURES ,STRAW ,TIME-of-flight mass spectrometers ,BIOMASS burning ,COWS - Abstract
During the past decades, the source apportionment of organic aerosol (OA) in ambient air has been improving substantially. The database of source retrieval model-resolved mass spectral profiles for different sources has been built with the aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS). However, distinguishing similar sources (such as wildfires and residential wood burning) remains challenging, as the hard ionization of the AMS mostly fragments compounds and therefore cannot capture detailed molecular information. Recent mass spectrometer technologies of soft ionization and high mass resolution have allowed for aerosol characterization at the molecular formula level. In this study, we systematically estimated the emission factors and characterized the primary OA (POA) chemical composition with the AMS and the extractive electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer (EESI-TOF) for the first time from a variety of solid fuels, including beech logs, spruce and pine logs, spruce and pine branches and needles, straw, cow dung, and plastic bags. The emission factors of organic matter estimated by the AMS and hydrocarbon gases estimated by the total hydrocarbon analyzer are 16.2 ± 10.8 g kg -1 and 30.3 ± 8.5 g kg -1 for cow dung burning, which is generally higher than that of wood (beech, spruce, and pine), straw, and plastic bag burning (in the range from 1.1 to 6.2 g kg -1 and 14.1 to 19.3 g kg -1). The POA measured by the AMS shows that the f60 (mass fraction of m/z 60) varies from 0.003 to 0.04 based on fuel types and combustion efficiency for wood (beech, spruce, and pine) and cow dung burning. On a molecular level, the dominant compound of POA from wood, straw, and cow dung is C 6 H 10 O 5 (mainly levoglucosan), contributing ∼ 7 % to ∼ 30 % of the total intensity, followed by C 8 H 12 O 6 with fractions of ∼ 2 % to ∼ 9 %. However, as they are prevalent in all burning of biomass material, they cannot act as tracers for the specific sources. By using the Mann–Whitney U test among the studied fuels, we find specific potential new markers for these fuels from the measurement of the AMS and EESI-TOF. Markers from spruce and pine burning are likely related to resin acids (e.g., compounds with 20–21 carbon atoms). The product from the pyrolysis of hardwood lignins is found especially in beech log burning. Nitrogen-containing species are selected markers primarily for cow dung open burning. These markers in the future will provide support for the source apportionment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Supplementary material to "High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy"
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Zhang, Yong, primary, Tian, Jie, additional, Wang, Qiyuan, additional, Qi, Lu, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Han, Yuemei, additional, Ran, Weikang, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Liu, Huikun, additional, Zhang, Renjian, additional, Wu, Yunfei, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf, additional, Slowik, Jay Gates, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, and Cao, Junji, additional
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- 2023
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11. High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy
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Zhang, Yong, primary, Tian, Jie, additional, Wang, Qiyuan, additional, Qi, Lu, additional, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, additional, Han, Yuemei, additional, Ran, Weikang, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Liu, Huikun, additional, Zhang, Renjian, additional, Wu, Yunfei, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf, additional, Slowik, Jay Gates, additional, Prévôt, André S. H., additional, and Cao, Junji, additional
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- 2023
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12. High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy.
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Zhang, Yong, Tian, Jie, Wang, Qiyuan, Qi, Lu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Han, Yuemei, Ran, Weikang, Sun, Yele, Liu, Huikun, Zhang, Renjian, Wu, Yunfei, Cui, Tianqu, Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf, Slowik, Jay Gates, Prévôt, André S. H., and Cao, Junji
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CITIES & towns ,PARTICULATE matter ,CARBONACEOUS aerosols ,AIR pollution ,COAL combustion ,BIOMASS burning - Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) pollution is still one of China's most important environmental issues, especially in northern cities during wintertime. In this study, intensive real-time measurement campaigns were conducted in Xi'an, Shijiazhuang, and Beijing to investigate the chemical characteristics and source contributions of PM 2.5 and explore the formation of heavy pollution for policy implications. The chemical compositions of PM 2.5 in the three cities were all dominated by organic aerosol (OA) and nitrate (NO 3-). Results of source apportionment analyzed by a hybrid environmental receptor model (HERM) showed that the secondary formation source contributed more to PM 2.5 compared to other primary sources. Biomass burning was the dominant primary source in the three pilot cities. The contribution of coal combustion to PM 2.5 is non-negligible in Xi'an and Shijiazhuang but is no longer an important contributor in the capital city of Beijing due to the execution of a strict coal-banning policy. The potential formation mechanisms of secondary aerosol in the three cities were further explored by establishing the correlations between the secondary formation sources and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC) and Ox (O3+NO2) , respectively. The results showed that photochemical oxidation and aqueous-phase reaction were two important pathways of secondary aerosol formation. According to source variations, air pollution events that occurred in campaigns were classified into three types: biomass-combustion-dominated, secondary-formation-source-dominated, and a combination of primary and secondary sources. Additionally, this study compares the changes in chemical composition and source contributions of PM 2.5 in past decades. The results suggest that the clean-energy replacements for rural households should be urgently encouraged to reduce the primary source emissions in northern China, and collaborative control on ozone and particulate matter needs to be continuously promoted to weaken the atmosphere oxidation capacity for the sake of reducing secondary aerosol formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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13. Organic aerosol sources in Krakow, Poland, before implementation of a solid fuel residential heating ban
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Casotto, Roberto, primary, Skiba, Alicja, additional, Rauber, Martin, additional, Strähl, Jan, additional, Tobler, Anna, additional, Bhattu, Deepika, additional, Lamkaddam, Houssni, additional, Manousakas, Manousos I., additional, Salazar, Gary, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Canonaco, Francesco, additional, Samek, Lucyna, additional, Ryś, Anna, additional, El Haddad, Imad, additional, Kasper-Giebl, Anne, additional, Baltensperger, Urs, additional, Necki, Jaroslaw, additional, Szidat, Sönke, additional, Styszko, Katarzyna, additional, Slowik, Jay G., additional, Prévôt, André S.H., additional, and Daellenbach, Kaspar R., additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
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14. Isoprene Epoxydiol-Derived Sulfated and Nonsulfated Oligomers Suppress Particulate Mass Loss during Oxidative Aging of Secondary Organic Aerosol
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Armstrong, N. Cazimir, primary, Chen, Yuzhi, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Zhang, Yue, additional, Christensen, Cade, additional, Zhang, Zhenfa, additional, Turpin, Barbara J., additional, Chan, Man Nin, additional, Gold, Avram, additional, Ault, Andrew P., additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
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- 2022
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15. Brown Carbon from Photo-Oxidation of Glyoxal and SO2 in Aqueous Aerosol.
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De Haan, David O., Hawkins, Lelia N., Wickremasinghe, Praveen D., Andretta, Alyssa D., Dignum, Juliette R., De Haan, Audrey C., Welsh, Hannah G., Pennington, Elyse A., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Cazaunau, Mathieu, Pangui, Edouard, and Doussin, Jean-François
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- 2023
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16. High-time-resolution chemical composition and source apportionment of PM2.5 in northern Chinese cities: implications for policy.
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Zhang, Yong, Tian, Jie, Wang, Qiyuan, Qi, Lu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Han, Yuemei, Ran, Weikang, Sun, Yele, Liu, Huikun, Zhang, Renjian, Wu, Yunfei, Cui, Tianqu, Daellenbach, Kaspar Rudolf, Slowik, Jay Gates, Prévôt, André S. H., and Cao, Junji
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CITIES & towns ,CARBONACEOUS aerosols ,SULFATE aerosols ,BIOMASS burning ,COAL combustion ,AIR pollution - Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM
2.5 ) pollution is still one of China's most important environmental issues, especially in northern cities during wintertime. In this study, intensive real-time measurement campaigns were conducted in Xi'an, Shijiazhuang, and Beijing to investigate the chemical characteristics and source contributions of PM2.5 and explore the formation progress of heavy pollution for policy implications. The chemical compositions of PM2.5 in the three cities were all dominated by organic aerosol (OA) and nitrate (NO3 -). Results of source apportionment analyzed by the hybrid environmental receptor model (HERM) showed that the secondary nitrate plus sulfate contributed higher to PM2.5 compared to other primary sources. Biomass burning was the dominant primary source in the three pilot cities. The contribution of coal combustion to PM2.5 is non-negligible in Xi'an and Shijiazhuang but is no longer the important contributor in the capital city of Beijing due to the execution of a strict coal-banning policy. The potential formation mechanisms of secondary aerosol in three cities were further explored by establishing the correlations between the secondary nitrate plus sulfate and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC), and Ox (O3 + NO2 ), respectively. The results showed that photochemical oxidation and aqueous-phase reaction were two important pathways of secondary aerosol formation. According to the source variations, air pollution events that occurred in campaigns were classified into three types: biomass combustion dominated, secondary nitrate plus sulfate dominated, and a combination of primary and secondary sources. Additionally, this study compared the changes in chemical composition and source contributions of PM2.5 in past decades. The results suggested that the clean energy replacements for the rural household should be urgently encouraged to reduce the primary source emissions in northern China, and collaborative control on ozone and particulate matter need to be continuously promoted to weaken the atmosphere oxidation capacity for the sake of reducing secondary aerosol formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Urban air pollution in the global hotspot of the Western Balkans region: lessons learned from the Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA)
- Author
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Francesco, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos I., Lamkaddam, Houssni, Dällenbach, Kaspar R., Furger, Markus, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Bešlić, Ivan, Kasper- Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaëlle, Jaffrezo, Jean-Luc, Pavlović, Karla, Požar, Nino, Castillo, Juan J., Sanchez, Sergio, Kittner, Noah, Szidat, Sönke, Salazar, Gary, Borrmann, Stephan, Pösch, Ulrich, Baltensperger, Urs, Slowik, Jay G., El Haddad, Imad, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
- Subjects
Sarajevo ,SAFICA ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,source apportionment - Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols have well documented detrimental effects on human health, ecosystems and air quality and are the key uncertainty in assessing the anthropogenic influence on climate change. Particularly during the cold weather season, urban centers in countries of the Western Balkans region such as Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) are experiencing some of the globally poorest air quality due to the extensive use of solid fuels and old vehicle fleet. The city of Sarajevo is the capital of BiH and is situated in Southeastern Europe within a plain surrounded by mountains. In the winter months (domestic heating season), topography and meteorology cause the pollutants to be trapped within the city plain. Recent analysis with the US EPA BenMAP model applied to BiH found that an annual decrease of 50% in fine aerosol would save 4760+ lives and costs of $2.3B annually (Žero et al., 2022). Countries of the Western Balkans lack state‐of‐ the‐ art atmospheric sciences research despite high levels of ambient pollution and position within the EU borders, which makes it imperative to understand the emission sources, processing and the adverse health effects of their atmospheric aerosol pollution. This presentation will highlight the results of the SAFICA 2018 project, the first Sarajevo, BiH project aiming to yield crucial, not previously available information about aerosol emission sources and atmospheric transformations through combination of online field (black carbon and particle number and size distribution) and offline laboratory (physicochemical characterization of daily PM10 filter samples) measurements. Laboratory analyses of PM10 samples determined aerosols’ bulk chemical composition, selected elements (Huremović et al., 2020 ; Žero et al., 2022) and molecular species (Pehnec et al., 2020). Aerosol chemical composition determined by aerosol mass spectrometry was further analyzed by Positive Matrix Factorization to separate organic aerosol (OA) into subtypes characteristic for their sources and atmospheric processes. Aerosol oxidative potential (OP) was also determined to evaluate the ability of SAFICA aerosols to generate reactive oxygen species. Main SAFICA results show that ~3/4 of aerosol mass is carbonaceous (OA + black carbon) and ~2/3 of total carbon (TC) mass is from non‐fossil sources (Figure 1). Aerosol has high loadings of black carbon and toxic species, indicating strong and diverse combustion sources and likely a major public health danger. More work is needed to estimate the contributions of different aerosol sources and species to total aerosol OP. Finally, this presentation will show how SAFICA knowledge gaps will be overcome in a future project, planned to take place during 2022‐2023, entitled Sarajevo Aerosol Experiment: Composition, Sources and Health Effects of Atmospheric Aerosol (SAAERO). We thank Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of BiH, Magee Scientific/Aerosol and TSI for support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net. KDž and ASHP acknowledge the grant by the Swiss NSF (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495), KDž, GM and ASHP European Commission funding of SAAERO project (EU H2020 MSCA-IF 2020 grant # 101028909), GM the Slovenian Science foundation program P1-0385, and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP- 2018-01-3105).
- Published
- 2022
18. Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA): aerosol source apportionment and oxidative potential in a global hotspot
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Fransecso, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Lamkaddam, Houssini, Dällenbach, Kaspar, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Kasper-Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaelle, Jaffrezo, Jean Luc, Kittner, Noah, Szidat, S., Salazar, G., Pöschl, Urlich, Borrmann, Stephan, Baltensperger, Urs, Haddad, Imad El, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
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Sarajevo ,SAFICA ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,source apportionment - Abstract
Nowadays, urban centres in countries of the Western Balkan (e.g., Bosnia and Herzegovina, B&H) are experiencing some of the poorest air quality worldwide due to the extensive use of solid fuels and an old vehicle fleet. Western Balkan countries lack state-of-the-science atmospheric research despite high levels of ambient pollution, making the efforts to understand the mechanisms of their air pollution imperative. Sarajevo, the capital of B&H, is situated in a basin surrounded by mountains. During the winter months, topography and meteorology cause significant pollution episodes. The Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA) took place from Dec 04, 2017 to Mar 15, 2018 with online aerosol measurements and collection of daily, continuous filter PM10 samples for offline laboratory analyses. SAFICA aimed to give the first detailed characterization of the Western Balkans aerosol composition including organic aerosol (OA) to elucidate aerosol emission sources and atmospheric processing and to estimate the adverse health effects. PM10 samples (ntotal=180) were collected at four sites in the Sarajevo Canton: a) Bjelave and b) Pofalići (both urban background) ; c) Otoka (urban) ; d) Ivan Sedlo (remote). The urban sites were distributed along the city basin to study the pollutants’ urban evolution and the remote site was chosen to compare urban to background air masses. SAFICA PM10 samples underwent the following offline laboratory chemical analyses: 1) Bulk chemical composition of the total filter-collected water-soluble inorganic and OA by a high- resolution Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). The measured AMS OA spectra were further analysed by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) using the graphical user interface SoFi (Source Finder) to separate OA into subtypes characteristic for OA sources and atmospheric processes. 2) Organic and elemental carbon, water- soluble organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (11), levoglucosan, organic acids (16) and 14C total carbon content to evaluate OA chemical composition. 3) Major inorganic anions and cations to evaluate aerosol inorganic species. 4) Aerosol metal content determined by three techniques (AAS, ICP-MS and EESI). 5) Aerosol oxidative potential (OP) by two methods (AA and DTT) to evaluate the ability of particles to generate adverse health effects causing reactive oxygen species. SAFICA online measurements of black carbon (Aethalometer) and the particle number conc. (CPC and OPS) enabled the insights into the daily evolution of primary pollutants and an assessment of aerosol size and number distribution. The combined SAFICA results for field and lab measurements will be presented. Our results show that carbonaceous aerosols make ~2/3 of PM10 mass and the majority are oxygenated, water-soluble OA species with an average OM/OC = 1.9 (Fig.1). Absolute OP levels are very high compared to other sites globally. However, more work is needed to estimate the contributions of different aerosol sources and species to total aerosol OP. Urban air pollution crises in the Western Balkan will be put in the context of local, regional and global air quality. Finally, we will present the scientific questions opened by SAFICA and give suggestions for future studies. We thank Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of B&H, Magee Scientific/Aerosol and TSI for support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net. KDz and ASHP acknowledge the grant by the Swiss NSF (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495), GM the Slovenian Science foundation program P1-0385, and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP-2018-01-3105).
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- 2021
19. Low-NO atmospheric oxidation pathways in a polluted megacity
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Newland, Mike J., Bryant, Daniel J., Dunmore, Rachel E., Bannan, Thomas J., Joe, W., Langford, Ben, Hopkins, James R., Squires, Freya A., Dixon, William, Drysdale, William S., Ivatt, Peter D., Evans, Mathew J., Edwards, Peter M., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise J., Woodward-Massey, Robert, Ye, Chunxiang, Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Nicholas Hewitt, C., Lee, James D., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Wang, Xinming, Lewis, Alastair C., Rickard, Andrew R., Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Newland, Mike J., Bryant, Daniel J., Dunmore, Rachel E., Bannan, Thomas J., Joe, W., Langford, Ben, Hopkins, James R., Squires, Freya A., Dixon, William, Drysdale, William S., Ivatt, Peter D., Evans, Mathew J., Edwards, Peter M., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise J., Woodward-Massey, Robert, Ye, Chunxiang, Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Nicholas Hewitt, C., Lee, James D., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Wang, Xinming, Lewis, Alastair C., Rickard, Andrew R., and Hamilton, Jacqueline F.
- Abstract
The impact of emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to the atmosphere on the production of secondary pollutants, such as ozone and secondary organic aerosol (SOA), is mediated by the concentration of nitric oxide (NO). Polluted urban atmospheres are typically considered to be "high-NO"environments, while remote regions such as rainforests, with minimal anthropogenic influences, are considered to be "low NO". However, our observations from central Beijing show that this simplistic separation of regimes is flawed. Despite being in one of the largest megacities in the world, we observe formation of gas- and aerosol-phase oxidation products usually associated with low-NO "rainforest-like"atmospheric oxidation pathways during the afternoon, caused by extreme suppression of NO concentrations at this time. Box model calculations suggest that during the morning high-NO chemistry predominates (95 %) but in the afternoon low-NO chemistry plays a greater role (30 %). Current emissions inventories are applied in the GEOS-Chem model which shows that such models, when run at the regional scale, fail to accurately predict such an extreme diurnal cycle in the NO concentration. With increasing global emphasis on reducing air pollution, it is crucial for the modelling tools used to develop urban air quality policy to be able to accurately represent such extreme diurnal variations in NO to accurately predict the formation of pollutants such as SOA and ozone.
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- 2021
20. A biogenic secondary organic aerosol source of cirrus ice nucleating particles
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Wolf, Martin J, Zhang, Yue, Zawadowicz, Maria A, Goodell, Megan, Froyd, Karl, Freney, Evelyn, Sellegri, Karine, Rösch, Michael, Cui, Tianqu, Winter, Margaux, Lacher, Larissa, Axisa, Duncan, DeMott, Paul J, Levin, Ezra JT, Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan, Koss, Abigail, Kroll, Jesse H, Surratt, Jason D, Cziczo, Daniel J, Wolf, Martin J, Zhang, Yue, Zawadowicz, Maria A, Goodell, Megan, Froyd, Karl, Freney, Evelyn, Sellegri, Karine, Rösch, Michael, Cui, Tianqu, Winter, Margaux, Lacher, Larissa, Axisa, Duncan, DeMott, Paul J, Levin, Ezra JT, Gute, Ellen, Abbatt, Jonathan, Koss, Abigail, Kroll, Jesse H, Surratt, Jason D, and Cziczo, Daniel J
- Abstract
Atmospheric ice nucleating particles (INPs) influence global climate by altering cloud formation, lifetime, and precipitation efficiency. The role of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) material as a source of INPs in the ambient atmosphere has not been well defined. Here, we demonstrate the potential for biogenic SOA to activate as depositional INPs in the upper troposphere by combining field measurements with laboratory experiments. Ambient INPs were measured in a remote mountaintop location at –46 °C and an ice supersaturation of 30% with concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 70 L–1. Concentrations of depositional INPs were positively correlated with the mass fractions and loadings of isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosols. Compositional analysis of ice residuals showed that ambient particles with isoprene-derived SOA material can act as depositional ice nuclei. Laboratory experiments further demonstrated the ability of isoprene-derived SOA to nucleate ice under a range of atmospheric conditions. We further show that ambient concentrations of isoprene-derived SOA can be competitive with other INP sources. This demonstrates that isoprene and potentially other biogenically-derived SOA materials could influence cirrus formation and properties.
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- 2021
21. Organosulfates from Dark Aqueous Reactions of Isoprene-Derived Epoxydiols Under Cloud and Fog Conditions: Kinetics, Mechanism, and Effect of Reaction Environment on Regioselectivity of Sulfate Addition
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Petters, Sarah S., primary, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Zhang, Zhenfa, additional, Gold, Avram, additional, McNeill, V. Faye, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and Turpin, Barbara J., additional
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- 2021
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22. Low-NO atmospheric oxidation pathways in a polluted megacity
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Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
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- 2021
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23. Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018: particulate air pollution in a global hotspot
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Džepina, Katja, Moschos, Vaios, Tobler, Anna, Canonaco, Fransecso, Bhattu, Deepika, Casotto, Roberto, Vlachou, Athanasia, Giannoukos, Stamatios, Cui, Tianqu, Manousakas, Manousos Ioannis, Lamkaddam, Houssini, Dällenbach, Kaspar, Huremović, Jasna, Žero, Sabina, Omerčić, Enis, Salihagić, Sanela, Mašić, Adnan, Pehnec, Gordana, Godec, Ranka, Jakovljević, Ivana, Žužul, Silva, Rinkovec, Jasmina, Kasper-Giebl, Anne, Redl, Peter, Frka, Sanja, Uzu, Gaelle, Jaffrezo, Jean Luc, Kittner, Noah, Pöschl, Urlich, Borrmann, Stephan, Baltensperger, Urs, Haddad, Imad El, Prevot, Andre S.H., and Močnik, Griša
- Subjects
Sarajevo ,Urban air pollution ,PM10 ,PM2.5 - Abstract
Nowadays, urban centres in countries of the Western Balkan region (including Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H)) are experiencing some of the poorest European and global air quality due to the extensive use of non-renewable energy sources. Western Balkan countries lack state- of-the-art atmospheric sciences research despite high levels of ambient pollution, which makes the efforts to understand the mechanisms of their air pollution imperative. The city of Sarajevo, the capital of B&H, is situated in a basin surrounded by mountains. Particularly during the winter months, topography and meteorology cause significant pollution episodes. The Sarajevo Canton Winter Field Campaign 2018 (SAFICA) took place from Dec 04, 2017 to Mar 15, 2018 with on-line aerosol measurements and collection of daily, continuous filter PM10 samples for off-line laboratory analyses. SAFICA aimed to give the first detailed characterization of the Western Balkans aerosol composition including organic aerosol (OA) to elucidate aerosol emission sources and atmospheric processing and to estimate the adverse health effects. PM10 samples (ntotal=180) were collected at four sites in the Sarajevo Canton: a) Bjelave and b) Pofalići (urban background) ; c) Otoka (urban) ; d) Ivan Sedlo (remote). The urban sites were distributed along the city basin to study the pollutants’ urban evolution and the remote site was chosen to compare urban to background air masses. SAFICA PM10 samples underwent different off-line laboratory chemical analyses: 1) Bulk chemical composition of the total filter- collected water-soluble inorganic and OA by a high-resolution Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS). The measured AMS OA spectra were further analysed by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) using the graphical user interface SoFi (Source Finder) to separate OA into subtypes characteristic for OA sources and atmospheric processes. 2) Organic and elemental carbon (OC/EC), water-soluble organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, levoglucosan, and 14C content of total carbon to evaluate OA chemical composition. 3) Major inorganic anions and cations to evaluate aerosol inorganic species. 4) Metal content in aerosol determined by two analytical techniques (AAS and ICP-MS). SAFICA on-line measurements of black carbon (Aethalometer) and the particle number concentration (Condensation Particle Counter and Optical Particle Sizer) enabled the insights into the daily evolution of primary pollutants and an assessment of aerosol size and number distribution. The combined SAFICA results for on- and off-line measurements will be presented. Our results show that the carbon- containing species make ~2/3 of PM10 mass and the majority are oxygenated, water-soluble OA species with an average OM/OC = 1.9 (Fig.1). Urban air pollution crises in the Western Balkan will be put in the context of local, regional and global air quality. Finally, we will present the scientific questions opened by SAFICA, including the advantages and limitations of SAFICA data set, and give the recommendations for future studies. Figure 1. Selected results of the SAFICA field measurements (a) and laboratory analyses (b). We thank the Federal Hydrometeorological Institute of B&H, Magee Scientific/Aerosol d.o.o. and TSI for SAFICA support. We acknowledge the contribution of the COST Action CA16109 COLOSSAL and SEE Change Net Foundation. KDz and ASHP acknowledge the grant awarded by the Swiss National Science Foundation (Scientific Exchanges IZSEZ0_189495) and SF by the Croatian Science Foundation (BiREADI IP- 2018-01-3105).
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- 2020
24. Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing
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Bryant, Daniel J., Dixon, William J., Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel E., Pereira, Kelly L., Shaw, Marvin, Squires, Freya A., Bannan, Thomas J., Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise J., Ouyang, Bin, Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Liu, Di, Shi, Zongbo, Harrison, Roy, Sun, Yele, Xu, Weiqi, Lewis, Alastair C., Lee, James D., Rickard, Andrew R., Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Bryant, Daniel J., Dixon, William J., Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel E., Pereira, Kelly L., Shaw, Marvin, Squires, Freya A., Bannan, Thomas J., Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise J., Ouyang, Bin, Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Liu, Di, Shi, Zongbo, Harrison, Roy, Sun, Yele, Xu, Weiqi, Lewis, Alastair C., Lee, James D., Rickard, Andrew R., and Hamilton, Jacqueline F.
- Abstract
Isoprene-derived secondary organic aerosol (iSOA) is a significant contributor to organic carbon (OC) in some forested regions, such as tropical rainforests and the Southeastern US. However, its contribution to organic aerosol in urban areas that have high levels of anthropogenic pollutants is poorly understood. In this study, we examined the formation of anthropogenically influenced iSOA during summer in Beijing, China. Local isoprene emissions and high levels of anthropogenic pollutants, in particular NOx and particulate SO2-4 , led to the formation of iSOA under both high- A nd low-NO oxidation conditions, with significant heterogeneous transformations of isoprene-derived oxidation products to particulate organosulfates (OSs) and nitrooxyorganosulfates (NOSs). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry was combined with a rapid automated data processing technique to quantify 31 proposed iSOA tracers in offline PM2.5 filter extracts. The co-elution of the inorganic ions in the extracts caused matrix effects that impacted two authentic standards differently. The average concentration of iSOA OSs and NOSs was 82.5 ngm-3, which was around 3 times higher than the observed concentrations of their oxygenated precursors (2-methyltetrols and 2-methylglyceric acid). OS formation was dependant on both photochemistry and the sulfate available for reactive uptake, as shown by a strong correlation with the product of ozone (O3) and particulate sulfate (SO2-4). A greater proportion of high-NO OS products were observed in Beijing compared with previous studies in less polluted environments. The iSOA-derived OSs and NOSs represented 0.62% of the oxidized organic aerosol measured by aerosol mass spectrometry on average, but this increased to ∼ 3% on certain days. These results indicate for the first time that iSOA formation in urban Beijing is strongly controlled by anthropogenic emissions and results in extensive conversion to OS pro
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- 2020
25. Rainforest-like Atmospheric Chemistry in a Polluted Megacity
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Newland, Mike J., Bryant, Daniel J., Dunmore, Rachel, Bannan, Thomas J., Acton, W. Joe F., Langford, Ben, Hopkins, James R., Squires, Freya A., Dixon, William, Drysdale, William S., Ivatt, Peter D., Evans, Mathew J., Edwards, Peter M., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise, Woodward-Massey, Robert, Ye, Chunxiang, Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen David, Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Hewitt, C N, Lee, James D., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Wang, Xinming, Lewis, Alastair C., Rickard, Andrew, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Newland, Mike J., Bryant, Daniel J., Dunmore, Rachel, Bannan, Thomas J., Acton, W. Joe F., Langford, Ben, Hopkins, James R., Squires, Freya A., Dixon, William, Drysdale, William S., Ivatt, Peter D., Evans, Mathew J., Edwards, Peter M., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise, Woodward-Massey, Robert, Ye, Chunxiang, Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen David, Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Hewitt, C N, Lee, James D., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Wang, Xinming, Lewis, Alastair C., Rickard, Andrew, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F.
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- 2020
26. Key Role of NO3 Radicals in the Production of Isoprene Nitrates and Nitrooxyorganosulfates in Beijing
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Hamilton, Jacqueline F., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Mayhew, Alfred W., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Newland, Mike J., additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl, additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Reeves, Claire E., additional, Mills, Graham P., additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, and Rickard, Andrew R., additional
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- 2021
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27. Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosol emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization
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Smith, Damon M., primary, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Fiddler, Marc N., additional, Pokhrel, Rudra P., additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and Bililign, Solomon, additional
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- 2020
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28. Supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids potentiates oxidative stress in human airway epithelial cells exposed to ozone
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Corteselli, Elizabeth M., primary, Gold, Avram, additional, Surratt, Jason, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Bromberg, Philip, additional, Dailey, Lisa, additional, and Samet, James M., additional
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- 2020
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29. Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing
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Bryant, Daniel J., primary, Dixon, William J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Pereira, Kelly L., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Liu, Di, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
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- 2020
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30. Heterogeneous Hydroxyl Radical Oxidation of Isoprene-Epoxydiol-Derived Methyltetrol Sulfates: Plausible Formation Mechanisms of Previously Unexplained Organosulfates in Ambient Fine Aerosols
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Chen, Yuzhi, primary, Zhang, Yue, additional, Lambe, Andrew T., additional, Xu, Rongshuang, additional, Lei, Ziying, additional, Olson, Nicole E., additional, Zhang, Zhenfa, additional, Szalkowski, Tessa, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Vizuete, William, additional, Gold, Avram, additional, Turpin, Barbara J., additional, Ault, Andrew P., additional, Chan, Man Nin, additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
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- 2020
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31. Supplementary material to "Laboratory studies of fresh and aged biomass burning aerosols emitted from east African biomass fuels – Part 2: Chemical properties and characterization"
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Smith, Damon M., primary, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Fiddler, Marc N., additional, Pokhrel, Rudra, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and Bililign, Solomon, additional
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- 2020
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32. In Vitro Toxicity and Chemical Characterization of Aerosol Derived from Electronic Cigarette Humectants Using a Newly Developed Exposure System
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Escobar, Yael-Natalie H., primary, Nipp, Grace, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Petters, Sarah S., additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and Jaspers, Ilona, additional
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- 2020
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33. Rainforest-like Atmospheric Chemistry in a Polluted Megacity
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Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
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- 2020
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34. Supplementary material to "Rainforest-like Atmospheric Chemistry in a Polluted Megacity"
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Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
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- 2020
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35. Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing [discussion paper]
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Bryant, Dan, Dixon, William, Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel Ellen, Pereira, Kelly Louise, Shaw, Marvin, Squires, Freya, Bannan, Thomas J., Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise, Ouyang, B, Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D, Liu, Di, Shi, Zongbo, Harrison, Roy M., Sun, Yele, Xu, Weiqi, Lewis, Alastair, Lee, James D, Rickard, Andrew Robert, and Hamilton, Jacqui
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- 2019
36. CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF SOURCE-SPECIFIC ATMOSPHERIC ORGANIC AEROSOL VIA MASS SPECTROMETRY
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Cui, Tianqu
- Abstract
Atmospheric fine aerosol (PM2.5) is important to Earth’s biogeochemical cycles and climate, and adversely impacts air quality and human health. Specifically, organic aerosol (OA) substantially contributes to PM2.5 mass but remains poorly characterized due to the diversity and complexity of its sources, formation mechanisms, and chemical composition. A suite of state-of-the-art mass spectrometry (MS) methods were deployed and optimized to analyze distinct sets of source-specific OA samples collected from field studies and laboratory experiments in order to chemically characterize OA constituents at the molecular level. First, over 200 archived marine aerosol samples collected from Cape Grim, Tasmania, Australia under remote background conditions from 1991-2015, were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography interfaced to a high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source (UPLC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS) and gas chromatography interfaced to a quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with electron ionization source (GC/EI-MS). Several ng m-3 of biogenic (e.g., isoprene- and monoterpene-derived) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) tracers were quantified from 29 summer and winter seasons. Biogenic SOA tracers were enhanced during summer seasons and had moderate-to-strong correlations with marine bioactivity indicators such as methanesulfonic acid and chlorophyll-a. In addition, UPLC/ESI-HR-QTOFMS coupled with inline diode array detection (DAD) were utilized to assess light-absorbing brown carbon (BrC) OA from over 100 systematically-performed laboratory-simulated primary and aged wildfire emissions during the 2016 Fire Influence on Regional and Global Environments Experiment (FIREX) at the US Forest Service Fire Science Lab in Missoula, Montana. 37 solvent-extractable BrC constituents were characterized in terms of their composition, contributions to PM2.5 mass, emission factors, light absorbance, and evolution due to photochemical aging. Furthermore, we developed and optimized a versatile hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)/ESI-HR-QTOFMS method that can efficiently resolve and measure the major isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX)-derived and several other water-soluble SOA constituents with enhanced resolution of separation, sensitivity of detection, and accuracy of measurements. These findings provide detailed chemical composition of the atmospheric OA constituents that originate from varying sources, and thus, can serve as inputs for future studies on atmospheric analytical chemistry, earth science modeling, environmental management, and health effects of PM2.5.
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- 2019
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37. Supplementary material to "Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing"
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Bryant, Daniel J., primary, Dixon, William J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Pereira, Kelly L., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Liu, Di, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
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- 2019
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38. Strong anthropogenic control of secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene in Beijing
- Author
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Bryant, Daniel J., primary, Dixon, William J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Pereira, Kelly L., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Liu, Di, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional
- Published
- 2019
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39. Methylamine’s Effects on Methylglyoxal-Containing Aerosol: Chemical, Physical, and Optical Changes
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De Haan, David O., primary, Pajunoja, Aki, additional, Hawkins, Lelia N., additional, Welsh, Hannah G., additional, Jimenez, Natalie G., additional, De Loera, Alexia, additional, Zauscher, Melanie, additional, Andretta, Alyssa D., additional, Joyce, Benjamin W., additional, De Haan, Audrey C., additional, Riva, Matthieu, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Cazaunau, Matthieu, additional, Formenti, Paola, additional, Gratien, Aline, additional, Pangui, Edouard, additional, and Doussin, Jean-François, additional
- Published
- 2019
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40. Chemical Characterization of Isoprene- and Monoterpene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol Tracers in Remote Marine Aerosols over a Quarter Century
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Cui, Tianqu, primary, Green, Hilary S., additional, Selleck, Paul W., additional, Zhang, Zhenfa, additional, O’Brien, Rachel E., additional, Gold, Avram, additional, Keywood, Melita, additional, Kroll, Jesse H., additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
- Published
- 2019
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41. Rising Importance of Organosulfur Species for Aerosol Properties and Future Air Quality
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Riva, Matthieu, primary, Chen, Yuzhi, primary, Yue, Zhang,, primary, Lei, Ziying, primary, Olson, Nicole, primary, Boyer Chelmo, Hallie, primary, Narayan, Shweta, primary, Yee, Lindsay, primary, Green, Hilary, primary, Cui, Tianqu, primary, Zhang, Zhenfa, primary, Baumann, Karsten, primary, Fort, Mike, primary, Edgerton, Eric, primary, Budisulistiorini, Sari, primary, Rose, Caitlin, primary, Ribeiro, Igor, primary, e Oliveira, Rafael, primary, dos Santos, Erickson, primary, Machado, Cristine, primary, Szopa, Sophie, primary, Zhao, Yue, primary, Alves, Elianne, primary, de Sá, Suzanne, primary, Hu, Weiwei, primary, Knipping, Eladio, primary, Shaw, Stephanie, primary, Duvoisin Junior, Sergio, primary, de Souza, Rodrigo, primary, Palm, Brett, primary, Jimenez, Jose, primary, Glasius, Marianne, primary, Goldstein, Allen, primary, Pye, Havala, primary, Gold, Avram, primary, Turpin, Barbara, primary, Vizuete, William, primary, Scot, Martin,, primary, Thornton, Joel, primary, Dutcher, Cari, primary, Ault, Andrew, primary, and Surratt, Jason, primary
- Published
- 2019
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42. Photochemical Cloud Processing of Primary Wildfire Emissions as a Potential Source of Secondary Organic Aerosol
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Tomaz, Sophie, primary, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Chen, Yuzhi, additional, Sexton, Kenneth G., additional, Roberts, James M., additional, Warneke, Carsten, additional, Yokelson, Robert J., additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and Turpin, Barbara J., additional
- Published
- 2018
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43. Aerosol Brown Carbon from Dark Reactions of Syringol in Aqueous Aerosol Mimics
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Xu, Jian, primary, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Fowler, Brandon, additional, Fankhauser, Alison, additional, Yang, Kai, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, and McNeill, V. Faye, additional
- Published
- 2018
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44. Nitrogen-Containing, Light-Absorbing Oligomers Produced in Aerosol Particles Exposed to Methylglyoxal, Photolysis, and Cloud Cycling
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De Haan, David O., primary, Tapavicza, Enrico, additional, Riva, Matthieu, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Smith, Adam C., additional, Jordan, Mary-Caitlin, additional, Nilakantan, Shiva, additional, Almodovar, Marisol, additional, Stewart, Tiffany N., additional, de Loera, Alexia, additional, De Haan, Audrey C., additional, Cazaunau, Mathieu, additional, Gratien, Aline, additional, Pangui, Edouard, additional, and Doussin, Jean-François, additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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45. Development of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) method for the chemical characterization of water-soluble isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX)-derived secondary organic aerosol
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Cui, Tianqu, primary, Zeng, Zhexi, additional, dos Santos, Erickson O., additional, Zhang, Zhenfa, additional, Chen, Yuzhi, additional, Zhang, Yue, additional, Rose, Caitlin A., additional, Budisulistiorini, Sri H., additional, Collins, Leonard B., additional, Bodnar, Wanda M., additional, de Souza, Rodrigo A. F., additional, Martin, Scot T., additional, Machado, Cristine M. D., additional, Turpin, Barbara J., additional, Gold, Avram, additional, Ault, Andrew P., additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
- Published
- 2018
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46. In VitroToxicity and Chemical Characterization of Aerosol Derived from Electronic Cigarette Humectants Using a Newly Developed Exposure System
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Escobar, Yael-Natalie H., Nipp, Grace, Cui, Tianqu, Petters, Sarah S., Surratt, Jason D., and Jaspers, Ilona
- Abstract
In the United States, the recent surge of electronic cigarette (e-cig) use has raised questions concerning the safety of these devices. This study seeks to assess the pro-inflammatory and cellular stress effects of the vaped humectants propylene glycol (PG) and glycerol (GLY) on airway epithelial cells (16HBE cells and differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells) with a newly developed aerosol exposure system. This system allows for chemical characterization of e-cig generated aerosol particles as well as in vitroexposures of 16HBE cells at an air–liquid interface to vaped PG and GLY aerosol. Our data demonstrate that the process of vaping results in the formation of PG- and GLY-derived oligomers in the aerosol particles. Our in vitrodata demonstrate an increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 levels in response to vaped PG and GLY exposures. Vaped GLY also causes an increase in cellular stress signals HMOX1, NQO1, and carbonylated proteins when the e-cig device is operated at high wattages. Additionally, we find that the exposure of vaped PG causes elevated IL-6 expression, while the exposure of vaped GLY increases HMOX1 expression in human bronchial epithelial cells when the device is operated at high wattages. These findings suggest that vaporizing PG and GLY results in the formation of novel compounds and the exposure of vaped PG and GLY are detrimental to airway cells. Since PG and/or GLY is universally contained in all e-cig liquids, we conclude that these components alone can cause harm to the airway epithelium.
- Published
- 2020
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47. Evidence for an Unrecognized Secondary Anthropogenic Source of Organosulfates and Sulfonates: Gas-Phase Oxidation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Presence of Sulfate Aerosol
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Riva, Matthieu, primary, Tomaz, Sophie, additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Lin, Ying-Hsuan, additional, Perraudin, Emilie, additional, Gold, Avram, additional, Stone, Elizabeth A., additional, Villenave, Eric, additional, and Surratt, Jason D., additional
- Published
- 2015
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48. Key Role of NO3Radicals in the Production of Isoprene Nitrates and Nitrooxyorganosulfates in Beijing
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Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Bryant, Daniel J., Edwards, Peter M., Ouyang, Bin, Bannan, Thomas J., Mehra, Archit, Mayhew, Alfred W., Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel E., Squires, Freya A., Lee, James D., Newland, Mike J., Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl, Whalley, Lisa K., Heard, Dwayne E., Slater, Eloise J., Jones, Roderic L., Cui, Tianqu, Surratt, Jason D., Reeves, Claire E., Mills, Graham P., Grimmond, Sue, Sun, Yele, Xu, Weiqi, Shi, Zongbo, and Rickard, Andrew R.
- Abstract
The formation of isoprene nitrates (IsN) can lead to significant secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production and they can act as reservoirs of atmospheric nitrogen oxides. In this work, we estimate the rate of production of IsN from the reactions of isoprene with OH and NO3radicals during the summertime in Beijing. While OH dominates the loss of isoprene during the day, NO3plays an increasingly important role in the production of IsN from the early afternoon onwards. Unusually low NO concentrations during the afternoon resulted in NO3mixing ratios of ca. 2 pptv at approximately 15:00, which we estimate to account for around a third of the total IsN production in the gas phase. Heterogeneous uptake of IsN produces nitrooxyorganosulfates (NOS). Two mono-nitrated NOS were correlated with particulate sulfate concentrations and appear to be formed from sequential NO3and OH oxidation. Di- and tri-nitrated isoprene-related NOS, formed from multiple NO3oxidation steps, peaked during the night. This work highlights that NO3chemistry can play a key role in driving biogenic–anthropogenic interactive chemistry in Beijing with respect to the formation of IsN during both the day and night.
- Published
- 2021
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49. Composition and Sources of Organic Aerosol in Two Megacities in Western China Using Complementary Mass Spectrometric and Statistical Techniques.
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Cui T, Manousakas MI, Wang Q, Uzu G, Hao Y, Khare P, Qi L, Chen Y, Han Y, Slowik JG, Jaffrezo JL, Cao J, Prévôt ASH, and Daellenbach KR
- Abstract
Over 300 daily PM
2.5 filter samples were collected in two western Chinese megacities, Xi'an and Chongqing, from October 2019 to May 2020. Their aqueous extracts were nebulized simultaneously to an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) and a recently developed extractive electrospray ionization (EESI) mass spectrometer, for bulk and near-molecular organic aerosol (OA) composition, respectively. Carbonate was quantified using EESI and a total organic carbon analyzer to separate inorganic carbon from dust. Via isotopically-labelled internal standards and positive matrix factorization, seven water-soluble sources were quantified separately using the AMS- and EESI-based analyses, with consistent types, concentrations, and correlations. These include dust, solid fuel combustion (SFC)-related, nitrogen- (and sulfur-) containing, summer/winter oxygenated OAs, and a cigarette-related OA only in EESI. When accounting for water-solubility, SFC-related OAs were the largest (53%) sources in Chongqing, while dust (consisting of 77% OA and 23% carbonates) was the largest (30%) source in Xi'an. Overall, this study presents one of the first times that complementary mass spectrometric techniques independently resolved consistent OA sources-with added chemical information-over multiple seasons and locations of complex pollution. The methods and quantified sources are essential for subsequent chemical, modelling, and health studies, and policy making for air pollution mitigation., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing financial interest., (© 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.)- Published
- 2024
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50. Local incomplete combustion emissions define the PM 2.5 oxidative potential in Northern India.
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Bhattu D, Tripathi SN, Bhowmik HS, Moschos V, Lee CP, Rauber M, Salazar G, Abbaszade G, Cui T, Slowik JG, Vats P, Mishra S, Lalchandani V, Satish R, Rai P, Casotto R, Tobler A, Kumar V, Hao Y, Qi L, Khare P, Manousakas MI, Wang Q, Han Y, Tian J, Darfeuil S, Minguillon MC, Hueglin C, Conil S, Rastogi N, Srivastava AK, Ganguly D, Bjelic S, Canonaco F, Schnelle-Kreis J, Dominutti PA, Jaffrezo JL, Szidat S, Chen Y, Cao J, Baltensperger U, Uzu G, Daellenbach KR, El Haddad I, and Prévôt ASH
- Abstract
The oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM) is a major driver of PM-associated health effects. In India, the emission sources defining PM-OP, and their local/regional nature, are yet to be established. Here, to address this gap we determine the geographical origin, sources of PM, and its OP at five Indo-Gangetic Plain sites inside and outside Delhi. Our findings reveal that although uniformly high PM concentrations are recorded across the entire region, local emission sources and formation processes dominate PM pollution. Specifically, ammonium chloride, and organic aerosols (OA) from traffic exhaust, residential heating, and oxidation of unsaturated vapors from fossil fuels are the dominant PM sources inside Delhi. Ammonium sulfate and nitrate, and secondary OA from biomass burning vapors, are produced outside Delhi. Nevertheless, PM-OP is overwhelmingly driven by OA from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, including traffic. These findings suggest that addressing local inefficient combustion processes can effectively mitigate PM health exposure in northern India., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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