13 results on '"Cavaggioni, G."'
Search Results
2. The contribution of personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs to medical students’ empathy
- Author
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Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, Familiari, G, Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., Familiari G., Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, Familiari, G, Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., and Familiari G.
- Abstract
Academic learning and professional internship are the paramount pillars of medical students’ edu-cation. Modern healthcare organizational settings have become increasingly aware of the importance of nontechnical individual differences (e.g., personality dispositions and personal resources) in shaping optimal job profiles that may satisfy high-level clinical standards. In this vein, one of the most important challenges for medical academic institutions is the development of emotional and cognitive aspects of empathy that may support and sustain future professionals in achieving the goals of their clinical practice. Capitalizing on a large sample of Italian first-year undergraduate students, the present study sought to disentangle the independent contribution of Big-Five personality traits and Self-Efficacy beliefs in multiple academic and life spheres in explaining cognitive and emotional compo-nents of empathy. Results showed that both sets of variables play a significant role in shaping empathy, albeit with relevant differences on specific dimensions of empathy. Implications for academic learning and clinical practice are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
3. The contribution of personality traits and self-efficacy beliefs to medical students’ empathy
- Author
-
Barbaranelli C., Ghezzi V., Ardenghi S., Caiaffa M. F., Muraro R., Cavaggioni G., Valli M., Piga A., Di Liegro I., Strepparava M. G., Familiari G., Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Ardenghi, S, Caiaffa, M, Muraro, R, Cavaggioni, G, Valli, M, Piga, A, Di Liegro, I, Strepparava, M, and Familiari, G
- Subjects
Medical student ,Empathy ,M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA ,Personality trait ,Self-efficacy ,Big Five - Abstract
Academic learning and professional internship are the paramount pillars of medical students’ edu-cation. Modern healthcare organizational settings have become increasingly aware of the importance of nontechnical individual differences (e.g., personality dispositions and personal resources) in shaping optimal job profiles that may satisfy high-level clinical standards. In this vein, one of the most important challenges for medical academic institutions is the development of emotional and cognitive aspects of empathy that may support and sustain future professionals in achieving the goals of their clinical practice. Capitalizing on a large sample of Italian first-year undergraduate students, the present study sought to disentangle the independent contribution of Big-Five personality traits and Self-Efficacy beliefs in multiple academic and life spheres in explaining cognitive and emotional compo-nents of empathy. Results showed that both sets of variables play a significant role in shaping empathy, albeit with relevant differences on specific dimensions of empathy. Implications for academic learning and clinical practice are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
4. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli studenti di medicina e chirurgia: focus su alcuni risultati dei primi due tempi della ricerca
- Author
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Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, Giuseppe Familiari, E, Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, e Giuseppe Familiari, Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, Giuseppe Familiari, E, Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, and e Giuseppe Familiari
- Abstract
In Italia, le attuali procedure per l’ingresso nei corsi di studio di medicina valutano solo le abilità cognitive dei candidati. Non vi sono studi che indaghino l’importanza delle abilità non cognitive e l’impatto della vita accademica (corso, formazione, esami e simili) sul benessere degli studenti. Per colmare questa lacuna, la Conferenza Italiana dei Presidenti di CLM in Medicina e Chirurgia ha promosso una ricerca longitudinale finalizzata a indagare il benessere degli studenti nei 6 anni di corso di studio. La ricerca è longitudinale e coinvolge 6 Università equamente distribuite nelle diverse zone geografiche d’Italia. Un questionario che misura i tratti di personalità e l’auto-efficacia; il benessere psicologico; i fattori motivazionali e vocazionali; le variabili socio-demografiche è stato somministrato all’inizio del primo anno e del terzo anno. Un totale di 834 studenti sono stati interessati nel primo tempo: i rimanenti al secondo tempo erano 478 (circa il 53%). I risultati preliminari ottenuti dall’analisi del questionario mostrano che i profili di personalità degli studenti sono relativamente stabili, specialmente la stabilità dell’ordine di rango nei tratti della personalità (i cosiddetti “Big Five”), l’autoefficacia e l’empatia. Tuttavia, è emersa una moderata, anche se significativa, diminuzione dell’efficacia accademica e della soddisfazione della vita, e l’aumento del disagio personale nel tempo. Sebbene gli studenti di medicina mostrino alti livelli di capacità di autoregolamentazione, così come i profili individuali che dimostrano un sostanziale benessere, i 3 anni di corso di Medicina mostrano un impatto significativo (anche se moderato) sulla percezione da parte degli studenti di se stessi. In particolare, le attività accademiche hanno probabilmente prodotto un’autovalutazione più realistica delle proprie capacità accademiche. Gli impegni del corso di studi hanno un probabile impatto nell’au-mentare il senso di disagio personale degli studenti., In Italy, current undergraduate medical-school (UMS) assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. There are not studies investigating the importance of non-cognitive skills as well as the impact of academic life (course, training, exams, and the like) on students well-being. In order to fill this gap the Italian Conference of UMS Directors promoted a longitudinal research aimed at investigating students’ well-being across the 6-years of course of study. The research was longitudinal in design and involved 6 Universities equally distributed in the different geographic zones of Italy. A questionnaire measuring personality and self-efficacy; psychological well-being; motivational and vocational factors; socio-demographic variables was administered at the beginning of the first year and of the third year. A total of 834 students were enrolled in the first wave: the remainers at the second wave were 478 (about 53%). Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire show that students personality profiles are relatively stable especially as are as rank order stability in personality traits (the so called “Big Five”), self-efficacy and empathy. However, moderate al-though significant decrease in academic self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and increase in personal disease across time emerged. Although medicine students show high levels of self-regulation capability, as well individual profiles evidencing a substantial well being, the 3 years of course of Medicine show a significant (albeit moderate) impact on students perceptions of themselves. In particular, academic activities likely produced a more realistic self-evaluation of own academic capabilities. The commitments of the course of studies have a likely impact in increase a sense of personal disease of stu-dents.
- Published
- 2019
5. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli Studenti di Medicina e Chirurgia. Primi risultati della fase 1 - Le caratteristiche degli studenti selezionati.
- Author
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Barbaranelli, C, Familiari, G, Ghezzi, V, Valli, M, De Placido, S, Muraro, R, Bandello, F, Locatelli, V, Bozzaro, S, Di Liegro, I, Caiaffa, M, Morini, S, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA, Barbaranelli, C, Familiari, G, Ghezzi, V, Valli, M, De Placido, S, Muraro, R, Bandello, F, Locatelli, V, Bozzaro, S, Di Liegro, I, Caiaffa, M, Morini, S, Strepparava, M, Cavaggioni, G, Cavaggioni, G., LOCATELLI, VITTORIO, and STREPPARAVA, MARIA GRAZIA
- Abstract
We present the first results of a longitudinal study for the recognition and assessment of non-cognitive aspects of the candidates access to medicine course, and throughout the course. This study considered 8 CLMs equally distributed throughout the country and 980 students enrolled in the first year, in the academic year 2013-2014. Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire used in the research show that students expect a profession characterized by the aid for patients and socially useful, while they do not expect a low pay as well as a work activity risky for health. Students are motivated to the academic course mainly by the desire to care for others, while variously opportunistic aspects are much less relevant. Students show high capacity of self-regulation, a high level of empathy in its both aspects of propensity to engagement with others in their difficult moments, as well as of tendency to spontaneously take the perspective of others, while they are able to maintain a goal directed behavior even in the presence of suffering others. These students are basically satisfied, they show a confident and positive attitude towards life and a substantial psychological health. However, it is possible to identify a sub-group of students showing signals of psychological fragility who must be carefully monitored: their profiles will be analyzed in more detail, through in-depth interviews scheduled for the third/fourth year as part of faculties counselling services.
- Published
- 2016
6. Accesso ai corsi di laurea in medicina: messa a punto di un questionario conoscitivo relativo a equilibrio personale e relazionale, attitudini, motivazioni e valori in contesti educativi (EMAV-E)
- Author
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Bosco, A, Curcio, Giuseppe, Pellegrino, P, Caffò, Ao, di Masi MN, Familiari, G, Cavaggioni, G, and Morini, S.
- Subjects
questionario conoscitivo ,valori ,attitudini ,motivazioni ,Accesso a medicina, questionario conoscitivo, equilibrio personale, attitudini, motivazioni, valori ,equilibrio personale ,Accesso a medicina - Published
- 2016
7. Università e disabilità
- Author
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Cavaggioni, G., Gazzaniga, V., and Mitterhofer, A. P.
- Subjects
Disability ,Universities ,teaching - Published
- 2016
8. Axis II disorders, body image and childhood abuse in bariatric surgery candidates
- Author
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Capoccia, D, Monaco, V, Coccia, F, Leonetti, F, and Cavaggioni, G
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ,Axis II disorders ,bariatric surgery ,body image ,childhood abuse ,obesity ,Adolescent ,Bariatric Surgery ,Middle Aged ,Body Dysmorphic Disorders ,Personality Disorders ,Obesity, Morbid ,Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ,Young Adult ,Risk Factors ,Body Image ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Child Abuse ,Child ,Aged - Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are common in obese patients and they are often considered contraindications for bariatric surgery. In this patients Axis I profile has been widely investigated, while only few studies on Axis II profile are reported. Aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of Axis II psychopathology, to describe the typical body image and to evaluate the prevalence of childhood abuse in bariatric surgery candidates.A total of 102 consecutive obese patients (77 females) were evaluated by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV which assessed Axis I Disorders. After the exclusion of Axis I Disorders, 50 patients (36 females, BMI: 44.68 ± 9.48 Kg/m2, age: 44.5 ± 11.7 years) were enrolled. All 50 patients received a psychiatric assessment including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II); the Body Uneasiness Test, part a (BUT-A), which assesses body image disorders; the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) as a screening test of childhood maltreatment histories.Nineteen patients (38%) were affected by Axis II disorders. Cluster C disorders, including avoidant, dependent and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders, represented the most common diagnosis (24%). Moreover, 34 patients (68%) showed body image disorders (BID), with a GSI score ≥1.2 and 24 (48%) referred an abuse during childhood. Patients with Axis II disorder or a body image uneasiness or a history of maltreatment during childhood, showed higher BMI in adulthood.Psychiatric comorbidities in obese patients were not only represented by depression or anxiety (Axis I disorders), but also by personality disorders (Axis II), body image disorders and childhood abuse. The identification of these conditions could improve outcomes of bariatric surgery and represent an indication for a most important psychiatric support before, during and after surgery.
- Published
- 2015
9. Studio longitudinale sul benessere e le attitudini degli studenti di medicina e chirurgia: focus su alcuni risultati dei primi due tempi della ricerca
- Author
-
Claudio Barbaranelli, Valerio Ghezzi, Gabriele Cavaggioni, Maria Filomena Caiaffa, Maurizia Valli, Raffaella Muraro, Vittorio Locatelli, Maria Grazia Strepparava, e Giuseppe Familiari, Barbaranelli, C, Ghezzi, V, Cavaggioni, G, Filomena Caiaffa, M, Valli, M, Muraro, R, Locatelli, V, Strepparava, M, and Giuseppe Familiari, E
- Subjects
benessere degli studenti, personalità, pedagogia medica, test accesso programmato, empatia ,students well-being, personality, medical education, empathy, admission test ,M-PSI/08 - PSICOLOGIA CLINICA - Abstract
In Italia, le attuali procedure per l’ingresso nei corsi di studio di medicina valutano solo le abilità cognitive dei candidati. Non vi sono studi che indaghino l’importanza delle abilità non cognitive e l’impatto della vita accademica (corso, formazione, esami e simili) sul benessere degli studenti. Per colmare questa lacuna, la Conferenza Italiana dei Presidenti di CLM in Medicina e Chirurgia ha promosso una ricerca longitudinale finalizzata a indagare il benessere degli studenti nei 6 anni di corso di studio. La ricerca è longitudinale e coinvolge 6 Università equamente distribuite nelle diverse zone geografiche d’Italia. Un questionario che misura i tratti di personalità e l’auto-efficacia; il benessere psicologico; i fattori motivazionali e vocazionali; le variabili socio-demografiche è stato somministrato all’inizio del primo anno e del terzo anno. Un totale di 834 studenti sono stati interessati nel primo tempo: i rimanenti al secondo tempo erano 478 (circa il 53%). I risultati preliminari ottenuti dall’analisi del questionario mostrano che i profili di personalità degli studenti sono relativamente stabili, specialmente la stabilità dell’ordine di rango nei tratti della personalità (i cosiddetti “Big Five”), l’autoefficacia e l’empatia. Tuttavia, è emersa una moderata, anche se significativa, diminuzione dell’efficacia accademica e della soddisfazione della vita, e l’aumento del disagio personale nel tempo. Sebbene gli studenti di medicina mostrino alti livelli di capacità di autoregolamentazione, così come i profili individuali che dimostrano un sostanziale benessere, i 3 anni di corso di Medicina mostrano un impatto significativo (anche se moderato) sulla percezione da parte degli studenti di se stessi. In particolare, le attività accademiche hanno probabilmente prodotto un’autovalutazione più realistica delle proprie capacità accademiche. Gli impegni del corso di studi hanno un probabile impatto nell’au-mentare il senso di disagio personale degli studenti. In Italy, current undergraduate medical-school (UMS) assessment procedures test applicants’ cognitive skills only. There are not studies investigating the importance of non-cognitive skills as well as the impact of academic life (course, training, exams, and the like) on students well-being. In order to fill this gap the Italian Conference of UMS Directors promoted a longitudinal research aimed at investigating students’ well-being across the 6-years of course of study. The research was longitudinal in design and involved 6 Universities equally distributed in the different geographic zones of Italy. A questionnaire measuring personality and self-efficacy; psychological well-being; motivational and vocational factors; socio-demographic variables was administered at the beginning of the first year and of the third year. A total of 834 students were enrolled in the first wave: the remainers at the second wave were 478 (about 53%). Preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the questionnaire show that students personality profiles are relatively stable especially as are as rank order stability in personality traits (the so called “Big Five”), self-efficacy and empathy. However, moderate al-though significant decrease in academic self-efficacy and life satisfaction, and increase in personal disease across time emerged. Although medicine students show high levels of self-regulation capability, as well individual profiles evidencing a substantial well being, the 3 years of course of Medicine show a significant (albeit moderate) impact on students perceptions of themselves. In particular, academic activities likely produced a more realistic self-evaluation of own academic capabilities. The commitments of the course of studies have a likely impact in increase a sense of personal disease of stu-dents.
- Published
- 2019
10. Personality and Lockdown: A Study on Italian Undergraduates During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Biondi S, Casale S, Burrai J, Mazza C, Cavaggioni G, Ferracuti S, Giannini AM, and Roma P
- Abstract
The current study aimed at increasing our understanding of the psychological impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on undergraduate students, particularly with respect to the association between personality traits; defense mechanisms (DMs); depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (DASSs); and compliance with the government recommended health measures. A sample of 1,427 Italian undergraduate students were administered the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5-Brief Form; the Defense Style Questionnaire-40; and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21. Compliance with the COVID-19 behavioral recommendations was measured through a 10-item survey measure. Results showed that immature DMs and internalizing personality traits (i.e., detachment, negative affect, psychoticism) were risk factors of DASSs. Furthermore, subjects with higher levels of DASSs appeared less compliant with the health measures recommended by the Italian government. Experts may use these results to identify and subsequently support ( via the Internet) young subjects at greater risk of mental health problems as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Biondi, Casale, Burrai, Mazza, Cavaggioni, Ferracuti, Giannini and Roma.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Psychic euosmia among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder patients: A case control study.
- Author
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Maraone A, Tarsitani L, Frascarelli M, Petrini F, Roselli V, Tinè M, Cavaggioni G, Brakoulias V, Biondi M, and Pasquini M
- Abstract
Background: Psychic euosmia (PE) has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure, order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD). In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral purity. Disgust and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality traits. We expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of PE., Aim: To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls (HC) and to evaluate the relationship between PE and disgust., Methods: A single-center, case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related disorders. The sample consisted of 129 subjects: 45 OCPD patients and 84 HC. In both groups we submitted the Disgust Scale Revised (DS-R) and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of PE. In order to verify differences between groups, t -test was employed for continuous variables and
2 test for categorical variable; odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE survey. Correlation was explored with Pearson r correlations., Results: No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education. A slight significant difference was found in mean age ( t = 1.988; P = 0.049). The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC (OR: 5.3, 2.28-12.46). Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE ( n = 36; 80%) whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group ( n = 36; 42.9%). Interestingly, no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the Disgust Scale. There was also no difference between the two groups in any of the Disgust Scale Revised subscales. Moreover, no significant correlations were observed in the OCPD group between PE and Disgust Scale Revised subscales., Conclusion: Results suggested that PE might be part of the clinical spectrum of OCPD, and it does not reflect the counterpart of disgust. This could also indicate that this phenomenon is a manifestation of orderliness or incompleteness. Further studies will need to be undertaken to better understand PE and its significance in OCPD., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: All authors declare the absence of conflict of interests related to the present study., (©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. The relationship between Vitamin D and depressive disorders.
- Author
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Bersani FS, Ghezzi F, Maraone A, Vicinanza R, Cavaggioni G, Biondi M, and Pasquini M
- Subjects
- Depressive Disorder blood, Humans, Prospective Studies, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Vitamin D administration & dosage, Vitamin D Deficiency blood, Vitamins, Depressive Disorder psychology, Vitamin D blood, Vitamin D Deficiency psychology
- Abstract
Studies have suggested a relationship between low circulating levels of Vitamin D and depression. Vitamin D deficiency may be a consequence of depression-related factors, such as reduced sun exposure, decreased outdoor activity, and dietary changes, but it can also play a role in the pathophysiology of depressive conditions through a range of molecular mechanisms. In the present manuscript, findings related to prospective longitudinal studies on the relationship between Vitamin D levels and depressive symptoms and to randomized controlled trials on Vitamin D supplementation for depressive disorders are reviewed.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. MELDNa score is associated with psychopathology and reduced quality of life in cirrhotic patients with a liver transplant perspective.
- Author
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Cavaggioni G, Poli E, Ferri F, Parlati L, Monaco V, Melcore C, Lattanzi B, Merli M, Mennini G, Melandro F, Rossi M, and Ginanni Corradini S
- Subjects
- End Stage Liver Disease diagnosis, End Stage Liver Disease psychology, End Stage Liver Disease surgery, Female, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis diagnosis, Liver Transplantation trends, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Liver Cirrhosis psychology, Liver Cirrhosis surgery, Liver Transplantation psychology, Quality of Life psychology, Severity of Illness Index, Surveys and Questionnaires
- Abstract
Psychopathological symptoms and reduced health related quality of life (HRQoL) are frequent in cirrhotics, but no data on their association with cirrhosis prognosis assessed by the MELDNa score are available. Prospective data on the long-term effect of deceased donor liver transplantation (LT) on psychopathological symptoms are needed. Before entering the LT waiting list, 44 consecutive LT cirrhotic candidates without a major psychiatric disorder underwent a psychopathological assessment, including Symptom Checklist-90-revised (SCL-90-R) and Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ). HRQoL was measured by Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Abnormal performance at each questionnaire was defined by using 44 age, gender, BMI and education-matched healthy subjects. Separate binary logistic regression models were used to test the association of the Child-Pugh, MELD and MELDNa scores with abnormal performance at each questionnaire. Fourteen patients repeated the battery tests 3 years after LT. Before LT, increasing MELDNa was the only prognostic score independently associated with an abnormal SCL-90-R global psychopathological score index (OR: 1.207; 95% CI: 1.026-1.420; P = 0.02) and the best independent predictor of reduced HRQoL. After LT, compared to status prior to LT, performance at SF-36 general health perception scale ameliorated (P = 0.02), performance at SCL-90-R somatization scale (P = 0.001) and global psychopathological score index (P < 0.001) worsened and the negative correlation between the psychopathological global score index and HRQoL disappeared. The severity of cirrhosis in LT candidates should be monitored by the MELDNa score to better establish the right psychological counselling. Psychopathology, and in particular somatization, worsens after LT and should be carefully investigated.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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