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137 results on '"Carnevali, L"'

5. Impact of invasive alien plants on native plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats: State of the art, gap analysis and perspectives in Italy

Author

Lazzaro, L, Bolpagni, R, Buffa, G, Gentili, R, Lonati, M, Stinca, A, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Di Cecco, V, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gigante, D, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Venanzoni, R, Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Villani, M, Lastrucci, L, Lazzaro L., Bolpagni R., Buffa G., Gentili R., Lonati M., Stinca A., Acosta A. T. R., Adorni M., Aleffi M., Allegrezza M., Angiolini C., Assini S., Bagella S., Bonari G., Bovio M., Bracco F., Brundu G., Caccianiga M., Carnevali L., Di Cecco V., Ceschin S., Ciaschetti G., Cogoni A., Foggi B., Frattaroli A. R., Genovesi P., Gigante D., Lucchese F., Mainetti A., Mariotti M., Minissale P., Paura B., Pellizzari M., Perrino E. V., Pirone G., Poggio L., Poldini L., Poponessi S., Prisco I., Prosser F., Puglisi M., Rosati L., Selvaggi A., Sottovia L., Spampinato G., Stanisci A., Venanzoni R., Viciani D., Vidali M., Villani M., Lastrucci L., Lazzaro, L, Bolpagni, R, Buffa, G, Gentili, R, Lonati, M, Stinca, A, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Di Cecco, V, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gigante, D, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Venanzoni, R, Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Villani, M, Lastrucci, L, Lazzaro L., Bolpagni R., Buffa G., Gentili R., Lonati M., Stinca A., Acosta A. T. R., Adorni M., Aleffi M., Allegrezza M., Angiolini C., Assini S., Bagella S., Bonari G., Bovio M., Bracco F., Brundu G., Caccianiga M., Carnevali L., Di Cecco V., Ceschin S., Ciaschetti G., Cogoni A., Foggi B., Frattaroli A. R., Genovesi P., Gigante D., Lucchese F., Mainetti A., Mariotti M., Minissale P., Paura B., Pellizzari M., Perrino E. V., Pirone G., Poggio L., Poldini L., Poponessi S., Prisco I., Prosser F., Puglisi M., Rosati L., Selvaggi A., Sottovia L., Spampinato G., Stanisci A., Venanzoni R., Viciani D., Vidali M., Villani M., and Lastrucci L.

Abstract

Invasive alien plants are a major threat to biodiversity and they contribute to the unfavourable conservation status of habitats of interest to the European Community. In order to favour implementation of European Union Regulation no. 1143/2014 on invasive alien species, the Italian Society of Vegetation Science carried out a large survey led by a task force of 49 contributors with expertise in vegetation across all the Italian administrative regions. The survey summed up the knowledge on impact mechanisms of invasive alien plants in Italy and their outcomes on plant communities and the EU habitats of Community Interest, in accordance with Directive no. 92/43/EEC. The survey covered 241 alien plant species reported as having deleterious ecological impacts. The data collected illustrate the current state of the art, highlight the main gaps in knowledge, and suggest topics to be further investigated. In particular, the survey underlined competition as being the main mechanism of ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats. Of the 241 species, only Ailanthus altissima was found to exert an ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats in all Italian regions; while a further 20 species impact up to ten out of the 20 Italian administrative regions. Our data indicate that 84 out of 132 Natura 2000 Habitats (64%) are subjected to some degree of impact by invasive alien plants. Freshwater habitats and natural and semi-natural grassland formations were impacted by the highest number of alien species, followed by coastal sand dunes and inland dunes, and forests. Although not exhaustive, this research is the first example of nationwide evaluation of the ecological impacts of invasive alien plants on plant communities and Natura 2000 Habitats.

Published
2020

6. Valutazione e classificazione degli impatti e distribuzione delle specie alloctone in Italia

Author

Montagnani, C., Gentili, R., Brundu, G., Celesti‐grapow, L., Galasso, G., Lazzaro, L., Armeli Minicante, S., Carnevali, L., Acosta, A. T. R., Agrillo, E., Alessandrini, A., Angiolini, C., Ardenghi, N. M. G., Arduini, I., Armiraglio, S., Attorre, F., Bacchetta, G., Bagella, S., Barni, E., Barone, G., Bartolucci, F., Beretta, A., Berta, G., Bolpagni, R., Bona, I., Bonari, G., Bouvet, D., Bovio, M., Briozzo, I., Brusa, G., Buldrini, F., Buono, S., Burnelli, M., Carboni, M., Carli, E., Casella, F., Castello, M., Ceriani, R. M., Cianfaglione, K., Cicutto, M., Conti, F., Dagnino, D., Domina, G., Fanfarillo, E., Fascetti, S., Ferrario, A., Ferretti, G., Foggi, B., Gariboldi, L., Giancola, C., Gigante, D., Guarino, R., Iamonico, D., Iberite, M., Kleih, M., Laface, V. L. A., Latini, M., Lazzeri, V., Lozano, V., Magrini, S., Mainetti, A., Marinangeli, F., Martini, F., Masiero, F., Massimi, M., Mazzola, L., Medagli, P., Mugnai, M., Musarella, C. M., Nicolella, G., Orsenigo, S., Peccenini, S., Pedullà, L., Perrino, E. V., Plutino, M., Podda, L., Poggio, L., Posillipo, G., Proietti, C., Prosser, F., Ranfa, A., Rempicci, M., Rivieccio, G., Rodi, E. S., Rosati, L., Salerno, G., Santangelo, A., Scalari, F., Selvaggi, A., Spampinato, G., Stinca, A., Turcato, C., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, M., Vurro, M., Wagensommer, R. P., Wilhalm, T., and Citterio, S.

Published
2022

8. Age-Related Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Modulation and Heart Rate Variability in Mice

Author

Piantoni C., Carnevali L., Molla D., Barbuti A., DiFrancesco D., Bucchi A., and Baruscotti M.

Subjects
aging, arrhythmias (cardiac), autonomic cardiac modulation, heart rate variability (HRV), mouse model
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess age-related changes in cardiac autonomic modulation and heart rate variability (HRV) and their association with spontaneous and pharmacologically induced vulnerability to cardiac arrhythmias, to verify the translational relevance of mouse models for further in-depth evaluation of the link between autonomic changes and increased arrhythmic risk with advancing age. Methods: Heart rate (HR) and time- and frequency-domain indexes of HRV were calculated from Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings in two groups of conscious mice of different ages (4 and 19 months old) (i) during daily undisturbed conditions, (ii) following peripheral ?-adrenergic (atenolol), muscarinic (methylscopolamine), and ?-adrenergic + muscarinic blockades, and (iii) following ?-adrenergic (isoprenaline) stimulation. Vulnerability to arrhythmias was evaluated during daily undisturbed conditions and following ?-adrenergic stimulation. Results: HRV analysis and HR responses to autonomic blockades revealed that 19-month-old mice had a lower vagal modulation of cardiac function compared with 4-month-old mice. This age-related autonomic effect was not reflected in changes in HR, since intrinsic HR was lower in 19-month-old compared with 4-month-old mice. Both time- and frequency-domain HRV indexes were reduced following muscarinic, but not ?-adrenergic blockade in younger mice, and to a lesser extent in older mice, suggesting that HRV is largely modulated by vagal tone in mice. Finally, 19-month-old mice showed a larger vulnerability to both spontaneous and isoprenaline-induced arrhythmias. Conclusion: The present study combines HRV analysis and selective pharmacological autonomic blockades to document an age-related impairment in cardiac vagal modulation in mice which is consistent with the human condition. Given their short life span, mice could be further exploited as an aged model for studying the trajectory of vagal decline with advancing age using HRV measures, and the mechanisms underlying its association with proarrhythmic remodeling of the senescent heart.

Published
2021
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10. Cortical thickness and resting-state cardiac function across the lifespan: A cross-sectional pooled mega-analysis

Author

Koenig, J, Abler, B, Agartz, I, akerstedt, T, Andreassen, OA, Anthony, M, Baer, K-J, Bertsch, K, Brown, RC, Brunner, R, Carnevali, L, Critchley, HD, Cullen, KR, de Geus, EJC, de la Cruz, F, Dziobek, I, Ferger, MD, Fischer, H, Flor, H, Gaebler, M, Gianaros, PJ, Giummarra, MJ, Greening, SG, Guendelman, S, Heathers, JAJ, Herpertz, SC, Hu, MX, Jentschke, S, Kaess, M, Kaufmann, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Koelsch, S, Krauch, M, Kumral, D, Lamers, F, Lee, T-H, Lekander, M, Lin, F, Lotze, M, Makovac, E, Mancini, M, Mancke, F, Mansson, KNT, Manuck, SB, Mather, M, Meeten, F, Min, J, Mueller, B, Muench, V, Nees, F, Nga, L, Nilsonne, G, Ordonez Acuna, D, Osnes, B, Ottaviani, C, Penninx, BWJH, Ponzio, A, Poudel, GR, Reinelt, J, Ren, P, Sakaki, M, Schumann, A, Sorensen, L, Specht, K, Straub, J, Tamm, S, Thai, M, Thayer, JF, Ubani, B, van Der Mee, DJ, van Velzen, LS, Ventura-Bort, C, Villringer, A, Watson, DR, Wei, L, Wendt, J, Schreiner, MW, Westlye, LT, Weymar, M, Winkelmann, T, Wu, G-R, Yoo, HJ, Quintana, DS, Koenig, J, Abler, B, Agartz, I, akerstedt, T, Andreassen, OA, Anthony, M, Baer, K-J, Bertsch, K, Brown, RC, Brunner, R, Carnevali, L, Critchley, HD, Cullen, KR, de Geus, EJC, de la Cruz, F, Dziobek, I, Ferger, MD, Fischer, H, Flor, H, Gaebler, M, Gianaros, PJ, Giummarra, MJ, Greening, SG, Guendelman, S, Heathers, JAJ, Herpertz, SC, Hu, MX, Jentschke, S, Kaess, M, Kaufmann, T, Klimes-Dougan, B, Koelsch, S, Krauch, M, Kumral, D, Lamers, F, Lee, T-H, Lekander, M, Lin, F, Lotze, M, Makovac, E, Mancini, M, Mancke, F, Mansson, KNT, Manuck, SB, Mather, M, Meeten, F, Min, J, Mueller, B, Muench, V, Nees, F, Nga, L, Nilsonne, G, Ordonez Acuna, D, Osnes, B, Ottaviani, C, Penninx, BWJH, Ponzio, A, Poudel, GR, Reinelt, J, Ren, P, Sakaki, M, Schumann, A, Sorensen, L, Specht, K, Straub, J, Tamm, S, Thai, M, Thayer, JF, Ubani, B, van Der Mee, DJ, van Velzen, LS, Ventura-Bort, C, Villringer, A, Watson, DR, Wei, L, Wendt, J, Schreiner, MW, Westlye, LT, Weymar, M, Winkelmann, T, Wu, G-R, Yoo, HJ, and Quintana, DS

Abstract

Understanding the association between autonomic nervous system [ANS] function and brain morphology across the lifespan provides important insights into neurovisceral mechanisms underlying health and disease. Resting-state ANS activity, indexed by measures of heart rate [HR] and its variability [HRV] has been associated with brain morphology, particularly cortical thickness [CT]. While findings have been mixed regarding the anatomical distribution and direction of the associations, these inconsistencies may be due to sex and age differences in HR/HRV and CT. Previous studies have been limited by small sample sizes, which impede the assessment of sex differences and aging effects on the association between ANS function and CT. To overcome these limitations, 20 groups worldwide contributed data collected under similar protocols of CT assessment and HR/HRV recording to be pooled in a mega-analysis (N = 1,218 (50.5% female), mean age 36.7 years (range: 12-87)). Findings suggest a decline in HRV as well as CT with increasing age. CT, particularly in the orbitofrontal cortex, explained additional variance in HRV, beyond the effects of aging. This pattern of results may suggest that the decline in HRV with increasing age is related to a decline in orbitofrontal CT. These effects were independent of sex and specific to HRV; with no significant association between CT and HR. Greater CT across the adult lifespan may be vital for the maintenance of healthy cardiac regulation via the ANS-or greater cardiac vagal activity as indirectly reflected in HRV may slow brain atrophy. Findings reveal an important association between CT and cardiac parasympathetic activity with implications for healthy aging and longevity that should be studied further in longitudinal research.

Published
2021

12. A first checklist of the alien-dominated vegetation in Italy

Author

Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Gigante, D, Bolpagni, R, Villani, M, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Buffa, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Di Cecco, V, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gentili, R, Lazzaro, L, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Stinca, A, Venanzoni, R, Lastrucci, L, Viciani, Daniele, Vidali, Marisa, Gigante, Daniela, Bolpagni, Rossano, Villani, Mariacristina, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adorni, Michele, Aleffi, Michele, Allegrezza, Marina, Angiolini, Claudia, Assini, Silvia, Bagella, Simonetta, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bovio, Maurizio, Bracco, Francesco, Brundu, Giuseppe, Buffa, Gabriella, Caccianiga, Marco, Carnevali, Lucilla, Ceschin, Simona, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Cogoni, Annalena, Di Cecco, Valter, Foggi, Bruno, Frattaroli, Anna Rita, Genovesi, Piero, Gentili, Rodolfo, Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Lonati, Michele, Lucchese, Fernando, Mainetti, Andrea, Mariotti, Mauro, Minissale, Pietro, Paura, Bruno, Pellizzari, Mauro, Perrino, Enrico Vito, Pirone, Gianfranco, Poggio, Laura, Poldini, Livio, Poponessi, Silvia, Prisco, Irene, Prosser, Filippo, Puglisi, Marta, Rosati, Leonardo, Selvaggi, Alberto, Sottovia, Lucio, Spampinato, Giovanni, Stanisci, Angela, Stinca, Adriano, Venanzoni, Roberto, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Gigante, D, Bolpagni, R, Villani, M, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Buffa, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Di Cecco, V, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gentili, R, Lazzaro, L, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Stinca, A, Venanzoni, R, Lastrucci, L, Viciani, Daniele, Vidali, Marisa, Gigante, Daniela, Bolpagni, Rossano, Villani, Mariacristina, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adorni, Michele, Aleffi, Michele, Allegrezza, Marina, Angiolini, Claudia, Assini, Silvia, Bagella, Simonetta, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bovio, Maurizio, Bracco, Francesco, Brundu, Giuseppe, Buffa, Gabriella, Caccianiga, Marco, Carnevali, Lucilla, Ceschin, Simona, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Cogoni, Annalena, Di Cecco, Valter, Foggi, Bruno, Frattaroli, Anna Rita, Genovesi, Piero, Gentili, Rodolfo, Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Lonati, Michele, Lucchese, Fernando, Mainetti, Andrea, Mariotti, Mauro, Minissale, Pietro, Paura, Bruno, Pellizzari, Mauro, Perrino, Enrico Vito, Pirone, Gianfranco, Poggio, Laura, Poldini, Livio, Poponessi, Silvia, Prisco, Irene, Prosser, Filippo, Puglisi, Marta, Rosati, Leonardo, Selvaggi, Alberto, Sottovia, Lucio, Spampinato, Giovanni, Stanisci, Angela, Stinca, Adriano, Venanzoni, Roberto, and Lastrucci, Lorenzo

Abstract

This study provides a first step toward the knowledge of the alien-dominated and co-dominated plant communities present in Italy. The first ever checklist of the alien phytocoenoses described or reported in literature for the Italian territory has been compiled, produced by data-mining in national and local thematic literature. The resulting vegetation-type draft-list has been checked in the light of the most recent syntaxonomic documentation and updated with regards to syntaxonomy and nomenclature, with special reference to the frame proposed in the Italian Vegetation Prodrome. The list includes 27 vascular and one bryophyte vegetation classes, hosting 194 low rank alien-dominated syntaxa . The different vegetation types detected for each syntaxonomic class and macro-vegetation group, defined by physiognomical and ecological attributes, are discussed.

Published
2020

13. Psychobiological evidence of the stress resilience fostering properties of a cosmetic routine

Author

Sgoifo, A., primary, Carnevali, L., additional, Pattini, E., additional, Carandina, A., additional, Tanzi, G., additional, Del Canale, C., additional, Goi, P., additional, De Felici del Giudice, M. B., additional, De Carne, B., additional, Fornari, M., additional, Gavazzoli, B., additional, Poisa, L., additional, Manzoni, D., additional, and Bollati, D., additional

Published
2020
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14. Un primo contributo alla definizione delle fitocenosi dominate da specie aliene in Italia

Author

Bolpagni, R., Acosta, A. T. C., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S. P., Bagella, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Di Cecco, V., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Gigante, D., Lazzaro, L., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, C., Lastrucci, L., AA.VV., Bolpagni, R., Acosta, A. T. C., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S. P., Bagella, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Di Cecco, V., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Gigante, D., Lazzaro, L., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E., Pirone, Gianfranco, Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, C., and Lastrucci, L.

Subjects
Alien species, habitat, vegettion, Italy
Published
2018

15. An assessment of the impacts of invasive alien plants on habitats in Italy: first results from the ISPRA-SISV convention

Author

Lazzaro L., Bolpagni R., Acosta A. T. R., Adorni M., Aleffi M., Allegrezza M., Angiolini C., Assini S. P., Bagella S., Bonari G., Bovio M., Bracco F., Brundu G., Buffa G., Caccianiga M., Carnevali L., Ceschin S., Ciaschetti G, Cogoni A., Di Cecco V., Foggi B., Frattaroli A. R., Genovesi P., Gentili R., Gigante D., Lonati M., Lucchese F., Mainetti A., Mariotti M., Minissale P., Paura B., Pellizzari M., Perrino E. V., Pirone G., Poggio L., Poldini L., Poponessi S., Prisco I., Prosser F., Puglisi M., Rosati L., Selvaggi A., Sottovia L., Spampinato G., Stanisci A., Stinca A., Venanzoni R., Viciani D., Vidali M., Villani C., Lastrucci L., AA.VV., Lazzaro, L., Bolpagni, R., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S. P., Bagella, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A., Di Cecco, V., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A. R., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Gigante, D., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E. V., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, C., and Lastrucci, L.

Subjects
Invasive alien plants, habitat, Habitat, invasive alien species, Habitat, invasive alien species
Published
2018

16. PRIORITIZZAZIONE DELLE SPECIE ALIENE MARINE ITALIANE PER L’IMPLEMENTAZIONE DI UNA LISTA DI SPECIE ALIENE INVASIVE DI RILEVANZA NAZIONALE AI SENSI DEL REGOLAMENTO EU 1143/2014 E DEL DECRETO LEGISLATIVO 230/2017

Author

Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Andaloro, F., Azzurro, E., Cardeccia, A., Carnevali, L., Castelli, A., Cecere, E., Cerri, J., Donnarumma, L., Ferrario, J., Genovesi, P., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Grieco, F, Langeneck, J., Mancinelli, G., Mastrototaro, F., Mazziotti, C., Mistri, M., Montesanto, F., Munari, C., Orsi-Relini, L., Petrocelli, A., Piazzi, L., Relini, G., Russo, G. F., Sfriso, A., and Marchini, A.

Subjects
biodiversity impact, EU Regulation, biodiversity impact, management, invasiveness, EU Regulation, invasiveness, management
Published
2019

17. Una valutazione degli impatti delle piante alloctone invasive sugli habitat in Italia: primi risultati dalla convenzione ISPRA-SISV

Author

Lazzaro, L., Acosta, A. T. C., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S. P., Bagella, S., Bolpagni, R., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Di Cecco, V., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Gigante, D., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, C., and Lastrucci, L.

Subjects
Alien plant, habitat, vegetation, Italy
Published
2018

18. Roadmap to the management of marine invasive alien species in Europe: a prioritization exercise in a Mediterranean country

Author

Marchini A., Cardeccia A., Andaloro F., Azzurro E., Carnevali L., Castelli A., Cecere E., Donnarumma L., Ferrario J., Genovesi P., Giangrande A., Gravili C., Grieco F., Lange-neck J., Mancinelli G., Mastrototaro F., Mazziotti C., Mistri M., Montesanto F., Munari C., Orsi-Relini L., Petrocelli A., Piazzi L., Relini G., Russo G.F., Sfriso A., Occhipinti-Ambrogi A., Marchini, Agnese, Cardeccia, Alice, Andaloro, Franco, Azzurro, Ernesto, Carnevali, Lucilla, Castelli, Alberto, Cecere, Ester, Donnarumma, Luigia, Ferrario, Jasmine, Genovesi, Piero, Giangrande, Adriana, Gravili, Cinzia, Grieco, Flavia, Langeneck, Joachim, Mancinelli, Giorgio, Mastrototaro, Francesco, Mazziotti, Cristina, Mistri, Michele, Montesanto, Federica, Munari, Cristina, Orsi-Relini, Lidia, Petrocelli, Antonella, Piazzi, Luigi, Relini, Giulio, Fulvio Russo, Giovanni, Sfriso, Adriano, and Occhipinti, ANNA CARMEN

Subjects
prioritizing, alien species, marine species, invasive species
Abstract

Until 2014, the management of invasive alien species has been poorly addressed in Europe. Recently, the Regulation 1143/14 on invasive alien species (IAS) was issued by the European Community. A first list of "IAS of Union Concern" was presented in 2016 and subsequently updated in 2017. The species included in that list are subjected to a number of commercial restrictions, and EU member states are required to control or eradicate them. The inclusion of an IAS in this list is based on the results of a risk-assessment procedure. At present, this list contains 49 IAS, none of which marine. Member states can decide either to adopt the EU list as it is, or to integrate it with additional "IAS of national concern". Italy has opted for the second way and is currently developing its own national list, which may eventually include marine IAS. Italy is a major "first hub" for marine introductions in the Mediterranean Sea, with over 200 multicellular marine alien species reported so far. Italy, with its central position in the Mediterranean Sea, shares several species with the Western European countries, carried by ships or with shellfish stocks, as well as a number of Indo-Pacific species with the Eastern Mediterranean countries, entered through the Suez Canal. Therefore, the roadmap that Italy is currently tracing towards the possible inclusion of marine species in the list of IAS to be managed and controlled, is also relevant for other European and Mediterranean countries. This presentation will show how the process has been organized and conducted, and the preliminary outcomes

Published
2018

19. Prioritizing invasive alien species in Italy: screening of marine alien species

Author

Marchini A., Cardeccia A., Andaloro F., Azzurro E., Carnevali L., Castelli A., Cecere E., Donnarumma L., Ferrario J., Genovesi P., Giangrande A., Gravili C., Grieco F., Lange-neck J., Mancinelli G., Mastrototaro F., Mazziotti C., Mistri M., Montesanto F., Munari C., Orsi-Relini L., Petrocelli A., Piazzi L., Relini G., Russo G.F., Sfriso A., and Occhipinti-Ambrogi A.

Subjects
prioritizing, Italy, alien species, marine species, invasive species
Abstract

Si riportano i primi risultati dell'esercizio di prioritizzazione delle specie aliene dei mari italiani condotto per conto di ISPRA dagli esperti dei singoli gruppi tassonomici iscritti al Gruppo Alloctone della Società Italiana di Biologia Marina

Published
2018

20. Neuroscienze cognitive. L'essenziale

Author

Sgoifo A, Bruno N, Carnevali L, ZOCCOLI, GIOVANNA, BASTIANINI, STEFANO, BERTEOTTI, CHIARA, LO MARTIRE, VIVIANA CARMEN, Sgoifo A, Bruno N, Zoccoli G, Bastianini S, Berteotti C, Carnevali L, and Lo Martire V

Subjects
Neuroscienze cognitive, Neurofisiologia, Psicologia
Abstract

"Neuroscienze cognitive. L’essenziale" introduce il lettore all'esplorazione scientifica della mente e del cervello approfondendo i meccanismi neurofisiologici sottostanti alle principali funzioni cognitive. Nonostante l’importanza che le neuroscienze cognitive attribuiscono alle basi biologiche dei fenomeni mentali, l’approccio utilizzato dall'autore non è la semplice descrizione dello stato dell’arte sull'argomento ma un percorso culturale finalizzato a rispondere alle perduranti domande su come l’esperienza, il pensiero e il comportamento nascono dalle attività cerebrali. Lo studente partecipa quindi attivamente al processo della scoperta scientifica. Il volume guida gli studenti e i dottorandi attraverso i temi e i principi fondamentali della disciplina in modo sintetico, organizzato e avvincente. Il testo è diviso in quattro sezioni: la prima, introduttiva, dedicata alla biologia del pensiero; la seconda focalizzata su sensazione, percezione, attenzione, e azione; la terza incentrata sulla rappresentazione mentale; la quarta che descrive le facoltà cognitive superiori.

Published
2016

21. The impact of psychomotor subtypes and duration of delirium on 6-month mortality in hip-fractured elderly patients

Author

Bellelli, G, Carnevali, L, Corsi, M, Morandi, A, Zambon, A, Mazzola, P, Galeazzi, M, Bonfanti, A, Massariello, F, Szabo, H, Oliveri, G, Haas, J, D'Oro, L, Annoni, G, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Carnevali, Lucio, Corsi, Maurizio, Morandi, Alessandro, Zambon, Antonella, Mazzola, Paolo, Galeazzi, Marianna, BONFANTI, ALESSANDRA MARIA, MASSARIELLO, FRANCESCA, Szabo, Hajnalka, OLIVERI, GIULIA, Haas, Justin, d'Oro, Luca Cavalieri, Annoni, Giorgio, Bellelli, G, Carnevali, L, Corsi, M, Morandi, A, Zambon, A, Mazzola, P, Galeazzi, M, Bonfanti, A, Massariello, F, Szabo, H, Oliveri, G, Haas, J, D'Oro, L, Annoni, G, Bellelli, Giuseppe, Carnevali, Lucio, Corsi, Maurizio, Morandi, Alessandro, Zambon, Antonella, Mazzola, Paolo, Galeazzi, Marianna, BONFANTI, ALESSANDRA MARIA, MASSARIELLO, FRANCESCA, Szabo, Hajnalka, OLIVERI, GIULIA, Haas, Justin, d'Oro, Luca Cavalieri, and Annoni, Giorgio

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Studies exploring the incidence and impact of the psychomotor subtypes of postoperative delirium (POD) on the survival of hip fracture patients are few, and results are inconsistent. We sought to assess the incidence of POD subtypes and their impact, in addition to delirium duration, on 6-month mortality in older patients after hip-fracture surgery. METHODS: This is a prospective study involving 571 individuals admitted to an Orthogeriatric Unit within a 5-year period with a diagnosis of hip fracture. Survival status was assessed 6 months after posthip fracture surgery. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Postoperative delirium subtypes were classified according to Lipowski's criteria. Cox regressions were used to evaluate the associations between POD subtypes, POD duration, and 6-month mortality, adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: The incidence of psychomotor POD subtypes was hypoactive 57 (10.0%), hyperactive 84 (14.7%), and mixed 79 (13.8%). Six-month mortality rates were 8.3%, 10.7%, 36.8%, and 29.1% in the no-delirium, hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed-delirium subgroups, respectively. In adjusted models, the hypoactive subgroup (Hazard Ratio, HR = 3.14, 95% Confidence Intervals, CI, 1.63-6.04) and mixed subgroup (HR = 2.89, 95% CI, 1.49-5.62) showed high mortality rates and a significantly increased risk of mortality associated with POD duration as well. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperactive delirium was the most common POD psychomotor subtype, but hypoactive and mixed POD were associated with 6-month mortality risk. Moreover, the risk of death 6 months after surgery increased for both subgroups (hypoactive and mixed) with increasing duration of POD

Published
2018

22. Association of postoperative delirium with markers of neurodegeneration and brain amyloidosis: a pilot study

Author

Rolandi, E, Cavedo, E, Pievani, M, Galluzzi, S, Ribaldi, F, Buckley, C, Cunningham, C, Guerra, U, Musarra, M, Morzenti, S, Magnaldi, S, Patassini, M, Terragnoli, F, Matascioli, L, Franzoni, S, Annoni, G, Carnevali, L, Bellelli, G, Frisoni, G, Rolandi, E, Cavedo, E, Pievani, M, Galluzzi, S, Ribaldi, F, Buckley, C, Cunningham, C, Guerra, U, Musarra, M, Morzenti, S, Magnaldi, S, Patassini, M, Terragnoli, F, Matascioli, L, Franzoni, S, Annoni, G, Carnevali, L, Bellelli, G, and Frisoni, G

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between postoperative delirium (POD) and in vivo markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in nondemented hip fracture surgery patients. POD was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method. Amyloid load was quantified on 18F-Flutemetamol positron emission tomography images as standardized uptake value ratio. Secondary outcome measures were gray matter volumes, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity at rest. All the patients with POD (POD+, N = 5) were amyloid negative (standardized uptake value ratio <0.59), whereas 6 out of 11 patients without POD (POD−) showed brain amyloid positivity. POD+ compared to POD− displayed: lower gray matter volumes in the amygdala (p = 0.003), in the middle temporal gyrus and in the anterior cingulate cortex (p < 0.001), increased diffusivity in the genu of the corpus callosum and in the anterior corona radiata (p < 0.05), and higher functional connectivity within the default mode network (p < 0.001). POD patients showed altered gray and white matter integrity in the fronto-limbic regions in absence of brain amyloidosis. Based on this preliminary investigation, delirium pathophysiology might be independent of Alzheimer's disease. Future studies on larger samples are needed to confirm this hypothesis.

Published
2018

23. Psychobiological evidence of the stress resilience fostering properties of a cosmetic routine.

Author

Sgoifo, A., Carnevali, L., Pattini, E., Carandina, A., Tanzi, G., Del Canale, C., Goi, P., De Felici del Giudice, M. B., De Carne, B., Fornari, M., Gavazzoli, B., Poisa, L., Manzoni, D., and Bollati, D.

Subjects
*HEART beat, *BEHAVIORAL assessment, *OINTMENTS, *ESSENTIAL oils, *PSYCHOBIOLOGY, *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience, *MAGNIFYING glasses
Abstract

Everyday life psychosocial stressors contribute to poor health and disease vulnerabilty. Means alternative to pharmacotherapy that are able to foster stress resilience are more and more under the magnifying glass of biomedical research. The aim of this study was to test stress resilience fostering properties of the self-administration of a cosmetic product enriched with essential oils. On day 0, fourty women, 25-50 years old, self-administered both the enriched cosmetic product (ECP) and a placebo one (PCP). Then, women were randomized for daily self-administration (from day 1 to 28) of either ECP (n = 20) or PCP (n = 20). On day 29, subjects underwent a psychosocial stress test (PST). Autonomic (heart rate and its variability) and neuroendocrine (salivary cortisol) parameters were assessed both on day 0 and 29. All subjects filled a number of psychological questionnaires in order to quantify anxiety, perceived stress, and mood profile, and were videorecorded during PST for non-verbal behavior evaluation. A single application of ECP produced an acute potentiation of cardiac parasympathetic modulation, which was not observed when placebo was used. Prolonged self-administration of ECP induced: (i) a dampening of the cortisol rise produced by PST, (ii) a reduction of state anxiety, (iii) a favorable change in mood profile, and (iv) a reduction of non-verbal behavior patterns that signal anxiety, motivational conflict and avoidance. In conclusion, this study suggests that the self-administration of a cosmetic cream enriched with essential oils should be considered as a stress resilience fostering strategy due to its favorable physiological, neuroendocrine and psychological effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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27. How to feed the Mammalian gut microbiota: Bacterial and metabolic modulation by dietary fibers

Author

Ferrario, C., Statello, R., Carnevali, L., Mancabelli, L., Milani, C., Mangifesta, M., Duranti, S., Lugli, G. A., Jimenez, B., Lodge, S., Viappiani, A., Alessandri, G., Dall'Asta, Margherita, Rio, D. D., Sgoifo, A., van Sinderen, D., Ventura, M., Turroni, F., Dall'Asta M. (ORCID:0000-0002-0558-0337), Ferrario, C., Statello, R., Carnevali, L., Mancabelli, L., Milani, C., Mangifesta, M., Duranti, S., Lugli, G. A., Jimenez, B., Lodge, S., Viappiani, A., Alessandri, G., Dall'Asta, Margherita, Rio, D. D., Sgoifo, A., van Sinderen, D., Ventura, M., Turroni, F., and Dall'Asta M. (ORCID:0000-0002-0558-0337)

Abstract

The composition of the gut microbiota of mammals is greatly influenced by diet. Therefore, evaluation of different food ingredients that may promote changes in the gut microbiota composition is an attractive approach to treat microbiota disturbances. In this study, three dietary fibers, such as inulin (I, 10%), resistant starch (RS, 10%), and citrus pectin (3%), were employed as supplements to normal chow diet of adult male rats for 2 weeks. Fecal microbiota composition and corresponding metabolite profiles were assessed before and after prebiotics supplementation. A general increase in the Bacteroidetes phylum was detected with a concurrent reduction in Firmicutes, in particular for I and RS experiments, while additional changes in the microbiota composition were evident at lower taxonomic levels for all the three substrates. Such modifications in the microbiota composition were correlated with changes in metabolic profiles of animals, in particular changes in acetate and succinate levels. This study represents a first attempt to modulate selectively the abundance and/or metabolic activity of various members of the gut microbiota by means of dietary fiber.

Published
2017

34. PP.11.18

Author

Cabassi, A., primary, Carnevali, L., additional, Coghi, S., additional, Bonali, S., additional, Rocco, R., additional, Tedeschi, S., additional, Cremaschi, E., additional, Binno, S.M., additional, Perlini, S., additional, Allegri, L., additional, and Borghetti, A., additional

Published
2015
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35. Chapter Il territorio pontino nei disegni di Leonardo da Vinci

Author

CARNEVALI, Laura and MARTONE, Maria

Subjects
Pontine marsh, Leonardo da Vinci cartographer, cartographic and iconographic documentation, Cartographic view of the Pontine plain and the coast north of Terracina, territorial representation, thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History
Abstract

The Pontine territory, located in southern Lazio, once ʽpalus pontinaʼ, has been represented over the centuries through iconographic views, cartographic drawings, literary documentation, and designed through reclamation works that allowed, over time, to dry up and anthropize the land. The two moments of representation and design of the Pontine territory are clearly reflected in Leonardo’s Cartographic view of the Pontine plain and the coast north of Terracina, of which the paper presents a critical reading.

Published
2023
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36. Impact of invasive alien plants on native plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats: State of the art, gap analysis and perspectives in Italy

Author

Alberto Selvaggi, Mariacristina Villani, Michele Aleffi, Andrea Mainetti, Lorenzo Lazzaro, S. Ceschin, Rodolfo Gentili, V. Di Cecco, Marina Allegrezza, L. Carnevali, Annalena Cogoni, Giovanni Spampinato, Fernando Lucchese, M. Bovio, Michele Lonati, A. Acosta, L. Sottovia, Simonetta Bagella, Francesco Bracco, Silvia Paola Assini, M. Vidali, L. Poggio, Adriano Stinca, Gianfranco Pirone, Bruno Paura, M. Adorni, Piero Genovesi, Anna Rita Frattaroli, Giuseppe Brundu, Bruno Foggi, Enrico V. Perrino, Rossano Bolpagni, Angela Stanisci, Roberto Venanzoni, Marco Caccianiga, Leonardo Rosati, Marta Puglisi, Daniele Viciani, Marcella Maria Mariotti, Gianmaria Bonari, Lorenzo Lastrucci, Daniela Gigante, M. Pellizzari, Livio Poldini, Filippo Prosser, Gabriella Buffa, S. Poponessi, Claudia Angiolini, I. Prisco, Giampiero Ciaschetti, Pietro Minissale, Lazzaro, L, Bolpagni, R, Buffa, G, Gentili, R, Lonati, M, Stinca, A, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Di Cecco, V, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gigante, D, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Venanzoni, R, Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Villani, M, Lastrucci, L, Lazzaro, L., Bolpagni, R., Buffa, G., Gentili, R., Lonati, M., Stinca, A., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S., Bagella, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Di Cecco, V., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A. R., Genovesi, P., Gigante, D., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E. V., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Venanzoni, R., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, M., and Lastrucci, L.

Subjects
Competition, Ecological impact, Expert survey, Impact mechanism, Impact outcome, Natura 2000 network, Environmental Engineering, 0208 environmental biotechnology, Biodiversity, Introduced species, 02 engineering and technology, Alien, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, 01 natural sciences, Italy, Plants, Ecosystem, Introduced Species, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Waste Management and Disposal, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, BIO/03 - BOTANICA AMBIENTALE E APPLICATA, Ecology, Plant community, General Medicine, Plant, Native plant, 020801 environmental engineering, Geography, Habitat, Natura 2000, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale e Applicata
Abstract

Invasive alien plants are a major threat to biodiversity and they contribute to the unfavourable conservation status of habitats of interest to the European Community. In order to favour implementation of European Union Regulation no. 1143/2014 on invasive alien species, the Italian Society of Vegetation Science carried out a large survey led by a task force of 49 contributors with expertise in vegetation across all the Italian administrative regions. The survey summed up the knowledge on impact mechanisms of invasive alien plants in Italy and their outcomes on plant communities and the EU habitats of Community Interest, in accordance with Directive no. 92/43/EEC. The survey covered 241 alien plant species reported as having deleterious ecological impacts. The data collected illustrate the current state of the art, highlight the main gaps in knowledge, and suggest topics to be further investigated. In particular, the survey underlined competition as being the main mechanism of ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats. Of the 241 species, only Ailanthus altissima was found to exert an ecological impact on plant communities and Natura 2000 habitats in all Italian regions; while a further 20 species impact up to ten out of the 20 Italian administrative regions. Our data indicate that 84 out of 132 Natura 2000 Habitats (64%) are subjected to some degree of impact by invasive alien plants. Freshwater habitats and natural and semi-natural grassland formations were impacted by the highest number of alien species, followed by coastal sand dunes and inland dunes, and forests. Although not exhaustive, this research is the first example of nationwide evaluation of the ecological impacts of invasive alien plants on plant communities and Natura 2000 Habitats.

Published
2020

37. A first checklist of the alien-dominated vegetation in Italy

Author

Viciani, Daniele, Vidali, Marisa, Gigante, Daniela, Bolpagni, Rossano, Villani, Mariacristina, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adorni, Michele, Aleffi, Michele, Allegrezza, Marina, Angiolini, Claudia, Assini, Silvia, Bagella, Simonetta, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bovio, Maurizio, Bracco, Francesco, Brundu, Giuseppe, Buffa, Gabriella, Caccianiga, Marco, Carnevali, Lucilla, Ceschin, Simona, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Cogoni, Annalena, Di Cecco, Valter, Foggi, Bruno, Frattaroli, Anna Rita, Genovesi, Piero, Gentili, Rodolfo, Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Lonati, Michele, Lucchese, Fernando, Mainetti, Andrea, Mariotti, Mauro, Minissale, Pietro, Paura, Bruno, Pellizzari, Mauro, Perrino, Enrico Vito, Pirone, Gianfranco, Poggio, Laura, Poldini, Livio, Poponessi, Silvia, Prisco, Irene, Prosser, Filippo, Puglisi, Marta, Rosati, Leonardo, Selvaggi, Alberto, Sottovia, Lucio, Spampinato, Giovanni, Stanisci, Angela, Stinca, Adriano, Venanzoni, Roberto, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Gigante, D., Bolpagni, R., Villani, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S., Bagella, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Cecco, V. D., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A. R., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Lazzaro, L., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E. V., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., Lastrucci, L., Viciani, D, Vidali, M, Gigante, D, Bolpagni, R, Villani, M, Acosta, A, Adorni, M, Aleffi, M, Allegrezza, M, Angiolini, C, Assini, S, Bagella, S, Bonari, G, Bovio, M, Bracco, F, Brundu, G, Buffa, G, Caccianiga, M, Carnevali, L, Ceschin, S, Ciaschetti, G, Cogoni, A, Di Cecco, V, Foggi, B, Frattaroli, A, Genovesi, P, Gentili, R, Lazzaro, L, Lonati, M, Lucchese, F, Mainetti, A, Mariotti, M, Minissale, P, Paura, B, Pellizzari, M, Perrino, E, Pirone, G, Poggio, L, Poldini, L, Poponessi, S, Prisco, I, Prosser, F, Puglisi, M, Rosati, L, Selvaggi, A, Sottovia, L, Spampinato, G, Stanisci, A, Stinca, A, Venanzoni, R, Lastrucci, L, Viciani, Daniele, Vidali, Marisa, Gigante, Daniela, Bolpagni, Rossano, Villani, Mariacristina, Acosta, Alicia Teresa Rosario, Adorni, Michele, Aleffi, Michele, Allegrezza, Marina, Angiolini, Claudia, Assini, Silvia, Bagella, Simonetta, Bonari, Gianmaria, Bovio, Maurizio, Bracco, Francesco, Brundu, Giuseppe, Buffa, Gabriella, Caccianiga, Marco, Carnevali, Lucilla, Ceschin, Simona, Ciaschetti, Giampiero, Cogoni, Annalena, Di Cecco, Valter, Foggi, Bruno, Frattaroli, Anna Rita, Genovesi, Piero, Gentili, Rodolfo, Lazzaro, Lorenzo, Lonati, Michele, Lucchese, Fernando, Mainetti, Andrea, Mariotti, Mauro, Minissale, Pietro, Paura, Bruno, Pellizzari, Mauro, Perrino, Enrico Vito, Pirone, Gianfranco, Poggio, Laura, Poldini, Livio, Poponessi, Silvia, Prisco, Irene, Prosser, Filippo, Puglisi, Marta, Rosati, Leonardo, Selvaggi, Alberto, Sottovia, Lucio, Spampinato, Giovanni, Stanisci, Angela, Stinca, Adriano, Venanzoni, Roberto, and Lastrucci, Lorenzo

Subjects
BIO/03 - BOTANICA AMBIENTALE E APPLICATA, Plant communitie, Plant communities, Syntaxonomy, Plant culture, biodiversity conservation habitat Invasive Alien Species phytosociology plant communities syntaxonomy threats, Invasive alien species, Biodiversity, Conservation, biodiversity, conservation, habitat, Invasive Alien Species, phytosociology, plant communities, syntaxonomy, threats, SB1-1110, Habitat, QK900-989, Threats, Plant ecology, Invasive alien specie, Phytosociology, Threat, Settore BIO/03 - Botanica Ambientale e Applicata
Abstract

This study provides a first step toward the knowledge of the alien-dominated and co-dominated plant communities present in Italy. The first ever checklist of the alien phytocoenoses described or reported in literature for the Italian territory has been compiled, produced by data-mining in national and local thematic literature. The resulting vegetation-type draft-list has been checked in the light of the most recent syntaxonomic documentation and updated with regards to syntaxonomy and nomenclature, with special reference to the frame proposed in the Italian Vegetation Prodrome. The list includes 27 vascular and one bryophyte vegetation classes, hosting 194 low rank alien-dominated syntaxa. The different vegetation types detected for each syntaxonomic class and macro-vegetation group, defined by physiognomical and ecological attributes, are discussed.

Published
2020

39. Specie esotiche invasive di rilevanza unionale in Italia: aggiornamenti e integrazioni

Author

C. Montagnani, R. Gentili, G. Brundu, L. Celesti‐Grapow, G. Galasso, L. Lazzaro, S. Armeli Minicante, L. Carnevali, A. T. R. Acosta, E. Agrillo, A. Alessandrini, C. Angiolini, N. M. G. Ardenghi, I. Arduini, S. Armiraglio, F. Attorre, G. Bacchetta, S. Bagella, E. Barni, G. Barone, F. Bartolucci, A. Beretta, G. Berta, R. Bolpagni, I. Bona, G. Bonari, D. Bouvet, M. Bovio, I. Briozzo, G. Brusa, F. Buldrini, S. Buono, M. Burnelli, M. Carboni, E. Carli, F. Casella, M. Castello, R. M. Ceriani, K. Cianfaglione, M. Cicutto, F. Conti, D. Dagnino, G. Domina, E. Fanfarillo, S. Fascetti, A. Ferrario, G. Ferretti, B. Foggi, L. Gariboldi, C. Giancola, D. Gigante, R. Guarino, D. Iamonico, M. Iberite, M. Kleih, V. L. A. Laface, M. Latini, V. Lazzeri, V. Lozano, S. Magrini, A. Mainetti, F. Marinangeli, F. Martini, F. Masiero, M. Massimi, L. Mazzola, P. Medagli, M. Mugnai, C. M. Musarella, G. Nicolella, S. Orsenigo, S. Peccenini, L. Pedullà, E. V. Perrino, M. Plutino, L. Podda, L. Poggio, G. Posillipo, C. Proietti, F. Prosser, A. Ranfa, M. Rempicci, G. Rivieccio, E. S. Rodi, L. Rosati, G. Salerno, A. Santangelo, F. Scalari, A. Selvaggi, G. Spampinato, A. Stinca, C. Turcato, D. Viciani, M. Vidali, M. Villani, M. Vurro, R. P. Wagensommer, T. Wilhalm, S. Citterio, S. Armeli Minicante, L. Celesti-Grapow, G. Galasso, L. Lazzaro, C. Montagnani, G. Brundu, Montagnani, C., Gentili, R., Brundu, G., Celesti‐grapow, L., Galasso, G., Lazzaro, L., Armeli Minicante, S., Carnevali, L., Acosta, A. T. R., Agrillo, E., Alessandrini, A., Angiolini, C., Ardenghi, N. M. G., Arduini, I., Armiraglio, S., Attorre, F., Bacchetta, G., Bagella, S., Barni, E., Barone, G., Bartolucci, F., Beretta, A., Berta, G., Bolpagni, R., Bona, I., Bonari, G., Bouvet, D., Bovio, M., Briozzo, I., Brusa, G., Buldrini, F., Buono, S., Burnelli, M., Carboni, M., Carli, E., Casella, F., Castello, M., Ceriani, R. M., Cianfaglione, K., Cicutto, M., Conti, F., Dagnino, D., Domina, G., Fanfarillo, E., Fascetti, S., Ferrario, A., Ferretti, G., Foggi, B., Gariboldi, L., Giancola, C., Gigante, D., Guarino, R., Iamonico, D., Iberite, M., Kleih, M., Laface, V. L. A., Latini, M., Lazzeri, V., Lozano, V., Magrini, S., Mainetti, A., Marinangeli, F., Martini, F., Masiero, F., Massimi, M., Mazzola, L., Medagli, P., Mugnai, M., Musarella, C. M., Nicolella, G., Orsenigo, S., Peccenini, S., Pedullà, L., Perrino, E. V., Plutino, M., Podda, L., Poggio, L., Posillipo, G., Proietti, C., Prosser, F., Ranfa, A., Rempicci, M., Rivieccio, G., Rodi, E. S., Rosati, L., Salerno, G., Santangelo, A., Scalari, F., Selvaggi, A., Spampinato, G., Stinca, A., Turcato, C., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Villani, M., Vurro, M., Wagensommer, R. P., Wilhalm, T., and Citterio, S.

Subjects
Italy, Invasive alien plant species, plant distribution, Invasive alien plant species, plant distribution, Italy, Invasive alien plant specie
Abstract

La Commissione Europea (CE) ha inserito ad oggi 36 taxa esotici vegetali nella lista delle specie esotiche invasive di rilevanza unionale ai sensi del Regolamento (UE) n. 1143/2014 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio, recante disposizioni volte a prevenire e gestire l’introduzione e la diffusione delle specie esotiche invasive. La lista delle specie di rilevanza unionale viene periodicamente aggiornata e include quelle specie che rappresentano una grave minaccia per la biodiversità, ma anche per la salute dei cittadini e le attività economiche nei territori dell’Unione Europea e che necessitano di una gestione concertata a livello comunitario. La CE vigila sullo stato di ogni taxon grazie anche a periodiche rendicontazioni da parte dei paesi dell'Unione. In vista di tali report, tra il 2020 e il 2021 è stata definita e integrata la distribuzione di queste specie in Italia.

Published
2022

40. Reduced recognition of facial emotional expressions in global burnout and burnout depersonalization in healthcare providers

Author

Valentina Colonnello, Valeria Cremonini, Cristina Ottaviani, Luca Carnevali, Katia Mattarozzi, Paolo Maria Russo, Emanuele Venturi, Colonnello V., Carnevali L., Russo P.M., Ottaviani C., Cremonini V., Venturi E., and Mattarozzi K.

Subjects
media_common.quotation_subject, health care facilities, manpower, and services, education, Healthcare providers, Nurses, Psychiatry and Psychology, Nursing, Interpersonal communication, Burnout, Anger, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, health services administration, Depersonalization, medicine, burnout, emotion recognition, experimental task, healthcare providers, nurses, Emotional expression, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, Experimental task, General Neuroscience, General Medicine, Science and Medical Education, Social cue, Sadness, Happiness, Emotion recognition, medicine.symptom, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, psychological phenomena and processes, Clinical psychology, Healthcare provider
Abstract

The healthcare provider profession strongly relies on the ability to care for others’ emotional experiences. To what extent burnout may relate to an actual alteration of this key professional ability has been little investigated. In an experimentally controlled setting, we investigated whether subjective experiences of global burnout or burnout depersonalization (the interpersonal component of burnout) relate to objectively measured alterations in emotion recognition and to what extent such alterations are emotion specific. Healthcare workers (n = 90) completed the Maslach Burnout Inventory and a dynamic emotion recognition task in which faces with neutral emotional expressions gradually changed to display a specific basic emotion (happiness, anger, fear, or sadness). Participants were asked to identify and then classify each displayed emotion. Before the task, a subsample of 46 participants underwent two salivary cortisol assessments. Individuals with global burnout were less accurate at recognizing others’ emotional expressions of anger and fear, tending to misclassify these as happiness, compared to individuals without global burnout. Individuals with high burnout depersonalization were more accurate in recognizing happiness and less accurate in recognizing all negative emotions, with a tendency to misclassify the latter as positive ones, compared to healthcare workers with moderate/low depersonalization. Moreover, individuals with high depersonalization—but not participants with global burnout—were characterized by higher cortisol levels. These results suggest that the subjective burnout experience relates to an actual, but selective, reduction in the recognition of facial emotional expressions, characterized by a tendency to misclassify negative emotional expressions as positive ones, perhaps due to an enhanced seeking of positive social cues. This study adds to the understanding of emotional processing in burnout and paves the way for more nuanced studies on the role of altered processing of threat signals in the development and/or persistence of burnout.

Published
2021

41. A preliminary prioritized list of Italian alien terrestrial invertebrate species

Author

L. Carnevali, Marzio Zapparoli, Paolo Audisio, A. Di Giulio, Piero Genovesi, Marco Alberto Bologna, Marco Molfini, Molfini, M., Zapparoli, M., Genovesi, P., Carnevali, L., Audisio, P., Di Giulio, A., and Bologna, M. A.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Environmental resource management, Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), Legislature, Alien, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Species of concern, Work (electrical), business, Invasive species, EU IAS regulation, Conservation policy implementation, Species of concern, Invasive, Consensus building, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Invertebrate
Abstract

Invasive alien species (IAS) are considered one of the largest drivers of biodiversity loss worldwide and the negative impacts of IAS can also affect human health and economy. More than 12,000 alien species occur in Europe. Terrestrial invertebrate species are the largest proportion of alien animal species and represents one of the most impacting groups in Europe. The most important European policy against alien species is the EU Regulation 1143/2014, which provides for the development of priority lists of IAS of relevant concern aimed to allow the optimization of intervention measures. Italian policy implemented the EU Regulation with the Legislative Decree No 230/2017 that provides the adoption of a list of IAS of national concern. Aim of this work is to present a preliminary prioritized list of alien terrestrial invertebrate species (ATIS) present in Italy, thus providing an useful tool to identify species to be included in the list of IAS of national concern. We defined criteria for assessing the species and ranking them in a prioritized list on the basis of the magnitude of their potential impact on wild native biodiversity. We identify 233 relevant ATIS, among the 1126 species included in the Italian Alien Terrestrial Invertebrate Database, on which the evaluation process started. After the evaluation process, 109 ATIS with considerable impacts on biodiversity were selected and prioritized. We ranked the species in four priority categories by matching their distribution in Italy with the magnitude of their possible impact on biodiversity.

Published
2020

42. Verso una checklist della vegetazione alloctona in Italia

Author

S. Bagella, D. Viciani, M. Vidali, D. Gigante, R. Bolpagni, M. Villani, A. T. R. Acosta, M. Adorni, M. Aleffi, M. Allegrezza, C. Angiolini, S. Assini, G. Bonari, M. Bovio, F. Bracco, G. Brundu, G. Buffa, M. Caccianiga, L. Carnevali, S. Ceschin, G. Ciaschetti, A. Cogoni, V. Di Cecco, B. Foggi, A. R. Frattaroli, P. Genovesi, R. Gentili, L. Lazzaro, M. Lonati, F. Lucchese, A. Mainetti, M. Mariotti, P. Minissale, B. Paura, M. Pellizzari, E. V. Perrino, G. Pirone, L. Poggio, L. Poldini, S. Poponessi, I. Prisco, F. Prosser, M. Puglisi, L. Rosati, A. Selvaggi, L. Sottovia, G. Spampinato, A. Stanisci, A. Stinca, R. Venanzoni, L. Lastrucci, Bagella, S., Viciani, D., Vidali, M., Gigante, D., Bolpagni, R., Villani, M., Acosta, A. T. R., Adorni, M., Aleffi, M., Allegrezza, M., Angiolini, C., Assini, S., Bonari, G., Bovio, M., Bracco, F., Brundu, G., Buffa, G., Caccianiga, M., Carnevali, L., Ceschin, S., Ciaschetti, G., Cogoni, A., Di Cecco, V., Foggi, B., Frattaroli, A. R., Genovesi, P., Gentili, R., Lazzaro, L., Lonati, M., Lucchese, F., Mainetti, A., Mariotti, M., Minissale, P., Paura, B., Pellizzari, M., Perrino, E. V., Pirone, G., Poggio, L., Poldini, L., Poponessi, S., Prisco, I., Prosser, F., Puglisi, M., Rosati, L., Selvaggi, A., Sottovia, L., Spampinato, G., Stanisci, A., Stinca, A., Venanzoni, R., and Lastrucci, L.

Published
2019

43. The impact of psychomotor subtypes and duration of delirium on 6-month mortality in hip-fractured elderly patients

Author

Alessandra Bonfanti, Justin Haas, Giuseppe Bellelli, Giulia Oliveri, Giorgio Annoni, Lucio Carnevali, Francesca Massariello, Antonella Zambon, Marianna Galeazzi, Hajnalka Szabo, Paolo Mazzola, Maurizio Corsi, Alessandro Morandi, Luca Doro, Bellelli, G, Carnevali, L, Corsi, M, Morandi, A, Zambon, A, Mazzola, P, Galeazzi, M, Bonfanti, A, Massariello, F, Szabo, H, Oliveri, G, Haas, J, D'Oro, L, and Annoni, G

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, survival, surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, delirium, Internal medicine, medicine, psychomotor subtype, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective cohort study, Psychomotor learning, Hip fracture, business.industry, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), Hazard ratio, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Psychiatry and Mental health, hip fracture, Delirium, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Objective Studies exploring the incidence and impact of the psychomotor subtypes of postoperative delirium (POD) on the survival of hip fracture patients are few, and results are inconsistent. We sought to assess the incidence of POD subtypes and their impact, in addition to delirium duration, on 6-month mortality in older patients after hip-fracture surgery. Methods This is a prospective study involving 571 individuals admitted to an Orthogeriatric Unit within a 5-year period with a diagnosis of hip fracture. Survival status was assessed 6 months after posthip fracture surgery. Postoperative delirium was diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Postoperative delirium subtypes were classified according to Lipowski's criteria. Cox regressions were used to evaluate the associations between POD subtypes, POD duration, and 6-month mortality, adjusting for covariates. Results The incidence of psychomotor POD subtypes was hypoactive 57 (10.0%), hyperactive 84 (14.7%), and mixed 79 (13.8%). Six-month mortality rates were 8.3%, 10.7%, 36.8%, and 29.1% in the no-delirium, hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed-delirium subgroups, respectively. In adjusted models, the hypoactive subgroup (Hazard Ratio, HR = 3.14, 95% Confidence Intervals, CI, 1.63-6.04) and mixed subgroup (HR = 2.89, 95% CI, 1.49-5.62) showed high mortality rates and a significantly increased risk of mortality associated with POD duration as well. Conclusions Hyperactive delirium was the most common POD psychomotor subtype, but hypoactive and mixed POD were associated with 6-month mortality risk. Moreover, the risk of death 6 months after surgery increased for both subgroups (hypoactive and mixed) with increasing duration of POD.

Published
2018

44. Association of postoperative delirium with markers of neurodegeneration and brain amyloidosis: a pilot study

Author

Colm Cunningham, Silvia Magnaldi, Ugo Paolo Guerra, Mirko Patassini, Flavio Terragnoli, Giorgio Annoni, Michela Pievani, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Elena Rolandi, Sabrina Morzenti, Monica Musarra, Simone Franzoni, Lucio Carnevali, Samantha Galluzzi, Luca Matascioli, Federica Ribaldi, Christopher Buckley, Giuseppe Bellelli, Enrica Cavedo, Rolandi, E, Cavedo, E, Pievani, M, Galluzzi, S, Ribaldi, F, Buckley, C, Cunningham, C, Guerra, U, Musarra, M, Morzenti, S, Magnaldi, S, Patassini, M, Terragnoli, F, Matascioli, L, Franzoni, S, Annoni, G, Carnevali, L, Bellelli, G, and Frisoni, G

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Aging, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Amyloid, Middle temporal gyrus, Neuroimaging, Standardized uptake value, Pilot Projects, White matter, ddc:616.89, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Alzheimer Disease, Internal medicine, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Anterior cingulate cortex, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, medicine.diagnostic_test, Hip Fractures, General Neuroscience, Amyloidosis, Brain, Delirium, Alzheimer's disease, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Positron emission tomography, Positron-Emission Tomography, Cardiology, Surgery, Female, Neurology (clinical), Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the association between postoperative delirium (POD) and in vivo markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology in nondemented hip fracture surgery patients. POD was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method. Amyloid load was quantified on (18)F-Flutemetamol positron emission tomography images as standardized uptake value ratio. Secondary outcome measures were gray matter volumes, white matter integrity, and functional connectivity at rest. All the patients with POD (POD+, N = 5) were amyloid negative (standardized uptake value ratio

Published
2017

45. Effect of the overlap syndrome of depressive symptoms and delirium on outcomes in elderly adults with hip fracture: A comment

Author

Giorgio Annoni, Gabriele Aletti, Giuseppe Bellelli, Paolo Mazzola, Maurizio Corsi, Lucio Carnevali, Carnevali, L, Bellelli, G, Mazzola, P, Aletti, G, Corsi, M, and Annoni, G

Subjects
Male, Hip fracture, medicine.medical_specialty, Depression, Hip Fractures, business.industry, Delirium, Overlap syndrome, medicine.disease, medicine, Physical therapy, Humans, Female, Elderly adults, Geriatrics and Gerontology, medicine.symptom, business, Hip Fracture, delirium, depression, elderly, Depressive symptoms
Published
2015

46. IoT-Based Assessment of a Driver's Stress Level.

Author

Mattioli V, Davoli L, Belli L, Gambetta S, Carnevali L, Sgoifo A, Raheli R, and Ferrari G

Subjects
Humans, Accidents, Traffic prevention & control, Stress, Psychological physiopathology, Wearable Electronic Devices, Skin Temperature physiology, Adult, Male, Automobile Driving, Internet of Things, Heart Rate physiology, Algorithms
Abstract

Driver Monitoring Systems (DMSs) play a key role in preventing hazardous events (e.g., road accidents) by providing prompt assistance when anomalies are detected while driving. Different factors, such as traffic and road conditions, might alter the psycho-physiological status of a driver by increasing stress and workload levels. This motivates the development of advanced monitoring architectures taking into account psycho-physiological aspects. In this work, we propose a novel in-vehicle Internet of Things (IoT)-oriented monitoring system to assess the stress status of the driver. In detail, the system leverages heterogeneous components and techniques to collect driver (and, possibly, vehicle) data, aiming at estimating the driver's arousal level, i.e., their psycho-physiological response to driving tasks. In particular, a wearable sensorized bodice and a thermal camera are employed to extract physiological parameters of interest (namely, the heart rate and skin temperature of the subject), which are processed and analyzed with innovative algorithms. Finally, experimental results are obtained both in simulated and real driving scenarios, demonstrating the adaptability and efficacy of the proposed system.

Published
2024
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47. Diurnal cortisol measures are distinctively associated with evaluation of neuroticism by self and others.

Author

Alessandri G, Filosa L, Ottaviani C, and Carnevali L

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Young Adult, Anxiety Disorders metabolism, Self Report, Middle Aged, Self-Assessment, Hydrocortisone metabolism, Neuroticism physiology, Saliva chemistry, Saliva metabolism, Circadian Rhythm physiology
Abstract

The link between neuroticism and the various indicators of daily cortisol fluctuations is frequently noted to be inconsistent or lacking in strength. The current study aimed to investigate the predictive capacity of both self-assessment and external evaluations of neuroticism, along with their interaction, on multiple indices of diurnal cortisol variations. This research involved the assessment of neuroticism using self-report and external evaluations among 166 working individuals, coupled with the collection of saliva samples over two consecutive workdays. Employing multilevel response surface analysis, our findings indicated that self-reported neuroticism exhibited a stronger association with cortisol indices compared to external evaluations. Additionally, the level of alignment between self-assessment and external ratings of neuroticism specifically impacted the prediction of estimates of daily cortisol production. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these results., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest Authors have no conflict of interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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48. Effects of acute stress on reward processing: A comprehensive meta-analysis of rodent and human studies.

Author

Schettino M, Tarmati V, Castellano P, Gigli V, Carnevali L, Cabib S, Ottaviani C, and Orsini C

Abstract

Stressors can initiate a cascade of central and peripheral changes that modulate mesocorticolimbic dopaminergic circuits and, ultimately, behavioral response to rewards. Driven by the absence of conclusive evidence on this topic and the Research Domain Criteria framework, random-effects meta-analyses were adopted to quantify the effects of acute stressors on reward responsiveness, valuation, and learning in rodent and human subjects. In rodents, acute stress reduced reward responsiveness ( g  = -1.43) and valuation ( g  = -0.32), while amplifying reward learning ( g  = 1.17). In humans, acute stress had marginal effects on valuation ( g  = 0.25), without affecting responsiveness and learning. Moderation analyses suggest that acute stress neither has unitary effects on reward processing in rodents nor in humans and that the duration of the stressor and specificity of reward experience (i.e., food vs drugs) may produce qualitatively and quantitatively different behavioral endpoints. Subgroup analyses failed to reduce heterogeneity, which, together with the presence of publication bias, pose caution on the conclusions that can be drawn and point to the need of guidelines for the conduction of future studies in the field., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

Published
2024
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49. Social stress-induced depressive-like symptoms and changes in gut microbial and lipidomic profiles are prevented by pharmacological inhibition of FAAH activity in male rats.

Author

Barbetti M, Mancabelli L, Vacondio F, Longhi G, Ferlenghi F, Viglioli M, Turroni F, Carnevali L, Mor M, Ventura M, Sgoifo A, and Rivara S

Subjects
Animals, Male, Rats, Antidepressive Agents pharmacology, Disease Models, Animal, Lipidomics, Lipids, Rats, Wistar, Stress, Psychological drug therapy, Biphenyl Compounds, Carbamates, Depression drug therapy, Depression etiology, Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Abstract

Pharmacological inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) activity has antidepressant-like effects in preclinical models of stress. In this study, we investigated whether the antidepressant-like effects of FAAH inhibition are associated with corresponding changes in gut microbial and lipidomic profiles, which are emerging as critical components in the pathophysiology of depression. Adult male Wistar rats experienced five weeks of repeated social defeat or control procedure and were treated with the FAAH inhibitor URB694 (0.3 mg/kg/day, i.p.) or vehicle starting from the third week. Repeated social defeat induced the emergence of depressive-like behavioral (sucrose preference reduction and passive coping behaviors in the forced swim test) and neuroendocrine (increased corticosterone levels) changes, which were prevented by URB694 treatment. Repeated social defeat also provoked a significant variation in gut microbiota (changes in the relative abundance of 14 bacterial taxa) and lipidic (e.g., glycerophospholipids) composition. These stress-induced changes were prevented by URB694 treatment. These findings indicate that inhibition of FAAH activity with URB694 blocks the co-occurrence of depressive-like behavioral and neuroendocrine changes and alterations in gut microbial and lipid composition in rats exposed to repeated social defeat. In conclusion, these results suggest that the gut microbiota-lipid crosstalk may represent a novel biological target for FAAH inhibitors to enhance stress resilience., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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50. Touch and look: The role of affective touch in promoting infants' attention towards complex visual scenes.

Author

Carnevali L, Della Longa L, Dragovic D, and Farroni T

Subjects
Infant, Humans, Attention, Motivation, Touch physiology, Touch Perception physiology
Abstract

In a complex social environment, stimuli from different sensory modalities need to be integrated to decode communicative meanings. From very early in life, infants have to combine a multitude of sensory features with social and affective attributes. Of all senses, touch constitutes a privileged channel to carry affective-motivational meanings and foster social connection. In the present study, we investigate whether sharing sensory stimulation that varies for its affective value differentially affects infants' attention towards visual stimuli. 6 to 11-month-old infants (N = 42) were familiarized with two characters respectively matched with tactile (affective or non-affective) and auditory stimulation; then repeatedly exposed to scenes where the two characters moved towards target objects. Our results showed a main effect of stimulation (sound vs. touch) on looking times during familiarization, with longer looking times when sound is provided. During scenes presentation, a main effect of the type of touch (affective vs. non affective) emerged, with longer looking times in infants that previously experienced affective touch, suggesting that this sensory experience may critically engage the self and modulate infant attention. Overall, these findings suggest that while sound acts as attention getter, affective touch supports sustained attention towards complex visual scenes beyond the stimulation period itself., (© 2024 The Authors. Infancy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Congress of Infant Studies.)

Published
2024
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