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146 results on '"Bunting M"'

2. Copy Number Variants Are Ovarian Cancer Risk Alleles at Known and Novel Risk Loci

Author

DeVries, Amber A, Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P, Peng, Pei-Chen, Coetzee, Simon G, Reyes, Alberto L, Plummer, Jasmine T, Davis, Brian D, Chen, Stephanie S, Dezem, Felipe Segato, Aben, Katja KH, Anton-Culver, Hoda, Antonenkova, Natalia N, Beckmann, Matthias W, Beeghly-Fadiel, Alicia, Berchuck, Andrew, Bogdanova, Natalia V, Bogdanova-Markov, Nadja, Brenton, James D, Butzow, Ralf, Campbell, Ian, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Cook, Linda S, DeFazio, Anna, Doherty, Jennifer A, Dörk, Thilo, Eccles, Diana M, Eliassen, A Heather, Fasching, Peter A, Fortner, Renée T, Giles, Graham G, Goode, Ellen L, Goodman, Marc T, Gronwald, Jacek, Webb, P, DeFazio, A, Friedlander, M, Obermair, A, Grant, P, Nagle, C, Beesley, V, Chevenix-Trench, G, Bowtell, D, Blomfield, P, Brand, A, Davis, A, Leung, Y, Nicklin, J, Quinn, M, Livingstone, K, O'Neill, H, Williams, M, Black, A, Hadley, A, Glasgow, A, Garrett, A, Rao, A, Shannon, C, Steer, C, Allen, D, Neesham, D, Otton, G, Au-Yeung, G, Goss, G, Wain, G, Gard, G, Robertson, G, Lombard, J, Tan, J, McNeilage, J, Power, J, Coward, J, Miller, J, Carter, J, Lamont, J, Wong, KM, Reid, K, Perrin, L, Milishkin, L, Nascimento, M, Buck, M, Bunting, M, Harrison, M, Chetty, N, Hacker, N, McNally, O, Harnett, P, Beale, P, Awad, R, Mohan, R, Farrell, R, McIntosh, R, Rome, R, Sayer, R, Houghton, R, Hogg, R, Land, R, Baron-Hay, S, and Paramasivum, S

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Oncology and Carcinogenesis, Ovarian Cancer, Human Genome, Prevention, Genetic Testing, Genetics, Cancer, Clinical Research, Women's Health, Rare Diseases, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Female, Humans, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Genome-Wide Association Study, Alleles, DNA Copy Number Variations, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Ovarian Neoplasms, OPAL Study Group, AOCS Group, Oncology & Carcinogenesis, Oncology and carcinogenesis
Abstract

BackgroundKnown risk alleles for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) account for approximately 40% of the heritability for EOC. Copy number variants (CNVs) have not been investigated as EOC risk alleles in a large population cohort.MethodsSingle nucleotide polymorphism array data from 13 071 EOC cases and 17 306 controls of White European ancestry were used to identify CNVs associated with EOC risk using a rare admixture maximum likelihood test for gene burden and a by-probe ratio test. We performed enrichment analysis of CNVs at known EOC risk loci and functional biofeatures in ovarian cancer-related cell types.ResultsWe identified statistically significant risk associations with CNVs at known EOC risk genes; BRCA1 (PEOC = 1.60E-21; OREOC = 8.24), RAD51C (Phigh-grade serous ovarian cancer [HGSOC] = 5.5E-4; odds ratio [OR]HGSOC = 5.74 del), and BRCA2 (PHGSOC = 7.0E-4; ORHGSOC = 3.31 deletion). Four suggestive associations (P

Published
2022

4. CAN Coach: Vehicular Control through Human Cyber-Physical Systems

Author

Nice, M., Elmadani, S., Bhadani, R., Bunting, M., Sprinkle, J., and Work, D.

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

This work addresses whether a human-in-the-loop cyber-physical system (HCPS) can be effective in improving the longitudinal control of an individual vehicle in a traffic flow. We introduce the CAN Coach, which is a system that gives feedback to the human-in-the-loop using radar data (relative speed and position information to objects ahead) that is available on the controller area network (CAN). Using a cohort of six human subjects driving an instrumented vehicle, we compare the ability of the human-in-the-loop driver to achieve a constant time-gap control policy using only human-based visual perception to the car ahead, and by augmenting human perception with audible feedback from CAN sensor data. The addition of CAN-based feedback reduces the mean time-gap error by an average of 73%, and also improves the consistency of the human by reducing the standard deviation of the time-gap error by 53%. We remove human perception from the loop using a ghost mode in which the human-in-the-loop is coached to track a virtual vehicle on the road, rather than a physical one. The loss of visual perception of the vehicle ahead degrades the performance for most drivers, but by varying amounts. We show that human subjects can match the velocity of the lead vehicle ahead with and without CAN-based feedback, but velocity matching does not offer regulation of vehicle spacing. The viability of dynamic time-gap control is also demonstrated. We conclude that (1) it is possible to coach drivers to improve performance on driving tasks using CAN data, and (2) it is a true HCPS, since removing human perception from the control loop reduces performance at the given control objective.

Published
2021

5. Land management explains major trends in forest structure and composition over the last millennium in California’s Klamath Mountains

Author

Knight, Clarke A, Anderson, Lysanna, Bunting, M Jane, Champagne, Marie, Clayburn, Rosie M, Crawford, Jeffrey N, Klimaszewski-Patterson, Anna, Knapp, Eric E, Lake, Frank K, Mensing, Scott A, Wahl, David, Wanket, James, Watts-Tobin, Alex, Potts, Matthew D, and Battles, John J

Subjects
Life on Land, California, Conservation of Natural Resources, Fires, Forests, Humans, Trees, Indigenous management, forest biomass, restoration, carbon policy, land use
Abstract

SignificanceWe provide the first assessment of aboveground live tree biomass in a mixed conifer forest over the late Holocene. The biomass record, coupled with local Native oral history and fire scar records, shows that Native burning practices, along with a natural lightning-based fire regime, promoted long-term stability of the forest structure and composition for at least 1 millennium in a California forest. This record demonstrates that climate alone cannot account for observed forest conditions. Instead, forests were also shaped by a regime of frequent fire, including intentional ignitions by Native people. This work suggests a large-scale intervention could be required to achieve the historical conditions that supported forest resiliency and reflected Indigenous influence.

Published
2022

10. Ten simple rules to bridge ecology and palaeoecology by publishing outside palaeoecological journals.

Author

Schafstall, Nick, Benito, Xavier, Brugger, Sandra O., Davies, Althea L., Ellis, Erle, Pla-Rabes, Sergi, Bonk, Alicja, Bunting, M. Jane, Chambers, Frank M., Flantua, Suzette G. A., Fletcher, Tamara L., Greiser, Caroline, Hernández, Armand, Gwinneth, Benjamin, Koren, Gerbrand, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Montoya, Encarni, Quesada-Román, Adolfo, Ratnayake, Amila S., and Sabatier, Pierre

Subjects
SCIENTIFIC knowledge, PALEOECOLOGY, SCIENTIFIC community, ECOLOGICAL models, ECOLOGISTS
Abstract

Owing to its specialised methodology, palaeoecology is often regarded as a separate field from ecology, even though it is essential for understanding long-term ecological processes that have shaped the ecosystems that ecologists study and manage. Despite advances in ecological modelling, sample dating, and proxy-based reconstructions facilitating direct comparison of palaeoecological data with neo-ecological data, most of the scientific knowledge derived from palaeoecological studies remains siloed. We surveyed a group of palaeo-researchers with experience in crossing the divide between palaeoecology and neo-ecology, to develop Ten Simple Rules for publishing your palaeoecological research in non-palaeo journals. Our 10 rules are divided into the preparation phase, writing phase, and finalising phase when the article is submitted to the target journal. These rules provide a suite of strategies, including improved networking early in the process, building effective collaborations, transmitting results more efficiently and cross-disciplinary, and integrating concepts and methodologies that appeal to ecologists and a wider readership. Adhering to these Ten Simple Rules can ensure palaeoecologists' findings are more accessible and impactful among ecologists and the wider scientific community. Although this article primarily shows examples of how palaeoecological studies were published in journals for a broader audience, the rules apply to anyone who aims to publish outside specialised journals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Conservation priorities for development: survey of UK public's views on brownfield sites and biodiversity.

Author

Macgregor, Callum J., Deutz, Pauline, Bunting, M. Jane, and Mayes, William M.

Subjects
BROWNFIELDS, RENEWABLE energy sources, EDUCATIONAL benefits, VALUES education, BIODIVERSITY
Abstract

Policies prioritising the repurposing of abandoned land ('brownfield sites'), in order to spare undeveloped sites, are widely perceived to limit damage to biodiversity. However, brownfield sites can be of significant ecological value, providing scarce habitats, including as a source of greenspace in urbanised areas, and promoting ecological richness at landscape scales. Therefore, policies to promote brownfield site repurposing might do more harm than good in terms of preserving biodiversity, calling into question what the public understand by, and value in terms of, brownfield sites. To examine public opinions relating to the prioritisation of biodiversity in the selection of sites for development, we undertook a survey of 2,247 respondents in the UK. We found that a stigma exists against brownfield sites. Their ecological value is underappreciated, but those who associated brownfield sites with wildlife-related keywords viewed them more positively. Less importance was placed on a site's history of development (brownfield vs undeveloped) than on its actual value to wildlife when considering whether it should be repurposed, and to what use; repurposing to housing or renewable energy production were favoured when sites had little value to wildlife, regardless of whether they had previously been developed. Overall, our results suggest that to best serve the preferences of local people, future planning decisions should consider the current biodiversity value of a site alongside its status as a brownfield site or otherwise. The existing stigma against brownfield sites could be alleviated by outreach and education about the value of such sites to nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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17. Trait‐based approaches as ecological time machines: Developing tools for reconstructing long‐term variation in ecosystems

Author

Brown, Kerry A., Bunting, M. Jane, Carvalho, Fabio, de Bello, Francesco, Mander, Luke, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mottl, Ondrej, Reitalu, Triin, Svenning, Jens‐Christian, Brown, Kerry A., Bunting, M. Jane, Carvalho, Fabio, de Bello, Francesco, Mander, Luke, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mottl, Ondrej, Reitalu, Triin, and Svenning, Jens‐Christian

Abstract

Research over the past decade has shown that quantifying spatial variation in ecosystem properties is an effective approach to investigating the effects of environmental change on ecosystems. Yet, current consensus among scientists is that we need a better understanding of short‐ and long‐term (temporal) variation in ecosystem properties to plan effective ecosystem management and predict future ecologies. Trait‐based approaches can be used to reconstruct ecosystem properties from long‐term ecological records and contribute significantly to developing understandings of ecosystem change over decadal to millennial time‐scales. Here, we synthesise current trait‐based approaches and explore how organisms' functional traits (FTs) can be scaled across time and space. We propose a framework for reconstructing long‐term variation in ecosystems by means of analysing FTs derived from palaeoecological datasets. We then summarise challenges that must be overcome to reconcile trait‐based approaches with palaeo‐datasets. Finally, we discuss the benefits and limitations of trait‐based reconstructions of ecosystem temporal dynamics and suggest future directions for research. Reconstructing environmental properties through time vis‐à‐vis FTs can be separated into two parts. The first is to record trait data for organisms present in modern ecosystems, and the second is to reconstruct temporal variability in FTs from palaeoecological datasets, capturing changes in trait composition over time. Translating palaeoecological datasets into FTs is challenging due to taphonomic, taxonomic and chronological uncertainties, as well as uniformitarian assumptions. Explicitly identifying and addressing these challenges is important to effectively calculate changes in FT through time. Palaeo‐trait research offers insights into questions related to short‐ and long‐term ecosystem functioning, environmental change and extinction and community assembly rules across time. As work in this area matures, we

Published
2023

18. Trait-based approaches as ecological time machines: Developing tools for reconstructing long-term variation in ecosystems

Author

Royal Society (UK), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Danish National Research Foundation, European Research Council, European Commission, Estonian Research Council, Brown, Kerry A., Bunting, M. Jane, Carvalho, Fabio, de Bello, Francesco, Mander, Luke, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mottl, Ondrej, Reitalu, Triin, Svenning, Jens-Christian, Royal Society (UK), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Danish National Research Foundation, European Research Council, European Commission, Estonian Research Council, Brown, Kerry A., Bunting, M. Jane, Carvalho, Fabio, de Bello, Francesco, Mander, Luke, Marcisz, Katarzyna, Mottl, Ondrej, Reitalu, Triin, and Svenning, Jens-Christian

Abstract

Research over the past decade has shown that quantifying spatial variation in ecosystem properties is an effective approach to investigating the effects of environmental change on ecosystems. Yet, current consensus among scientists is that we need a better understanding of short- and long-term (temporal) variation in ecosystem properties to plan effective ecosystem management and predict future ecologies. Trait-based approaches can be used to reconstruct ecosystem properties from long-term ecological records and contribute significantly to developing understandings of ecosystem change over decadal to millennial time-scales. Here, we synthesise current trait-based approaches and explore how organisms' functional traits (FTs) can be scaled across time and space. We propose a framework for reconstructing long-term variation in ecosystems by means of analysing FTs derived from palaeoecological datasets. We then summarise challenges that must be overcome to reconcile trait-based approaches with palaeo-datasets. Finally, we discuss the benefits and limitations of trait-based reconstructions of ecosystem temporal dynamics and suggest future directions for research. Reconstructing environmental properties through time vis-à-vis FTs can be separated into two parts. The first is to record trait data for organisms present in modern ecosystems, and the second is to reconstruct temporal variability in FTs from palaeoecological datasets, capturing changes in trait composition over time. Translating palaeoecological datasets into FTs is challenging due to taphonomic, taxonomic and chronological uncertainties, as well as uniformitarian assumptions. Explicitly identifying and addressing these challenges is important to effectively calculate changes in FT through time. Palaeo-trait research offers insights into questions related to short- and long-term ecosystem functioning, environmental change and extinction and community assembly rules across time. As work in this area matures, we

Published
2023

19. The Virtual Palaeosciences (ViPs) project: resources for online learning in or out of a pandemic.

Author

Hutchinson, Simon M, Bacon, Karen L., Bunting, M. Jane, and Hurrell, Elizabeth R.

Subjects
ONLINE education, COVID-19 pandemic, EDUCATIONAL resources, TEACHING aids, EDUCATIONAL technology
Abstract

The Virtual Palaeosciences (ViPs) project is a collaborative initiative bringing palaeoscientists together to locate, access and share online educational resources (OERs). It began as a response to the 2020 shift to online learning when the COVID-19 pandemic curtailed field and lab work. We outline the development and initial outcomes of the project and consider future directions post-pandemic. Our initial focus was to create a searchable list of OERs (now numbers 600+). The project has also promoted co-operation across institutions and created new collaborations. It became clear that even experienced and teaching-focused educators were anxious about how to incorporate virtual materials and develop alternatives to field and laboratory work and deliver their intended learning outcomes. ViPs aim to become a "hub" for palaeoscience teaching resources. While some face-to-face teaching has returned in Higher Education, the benefits of online elements have become clear to students and educators alike. Therefore, following the pandemic, an increasing shift towards a blended delivery with greater use of OERs in palaeoscience and other disciplines is likely. Longer term, the ViPs project also seeks to increase inclusive, accessible education in the palaeosciences through the digital enhancement of provision, by supporting both users and creators of virtual teaching materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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21. Self-reported beta-lactam allergy in government and private hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa

Author

Day, C, primary, Deetlefs, M, additional, O’Brien, A, additional, Smith, J, additional, Boyd, M, additional, Embling, N, additional, Patel, S, additional, Moody, K, additional, Ramabele, T, additional, Budge, A, additional, Tarwa, T, additional, Jim, O, additional, Maharaj, T, additional, Pandy, S, additional, Abrahams, J-M, additional, Panieri, A, additional, Verhage, S, additional, Van der Merwe, M, additional, Geragotellis, A, additional, Amanjee, W, additional, Joseph, C, additional, Zhao, Z, additional, Moosa, S, additional, Bunting, M, additional, Pulani, Y, additional, Mukhari, P, additional, De Paiva, M, additional, Deyi, G, additional, Wonkam, R P, additional, Mancotywa, N, additional, Dunge, A, additional, Msimanga, T, additional, Singh, A, additional, Monnaruri, O, additional, Molale, B, additional, Butler, T A G, additional, Browde, K, additional, Muller, C, additional, Van der Walt, J, additional, Whitelaw, R, additional, Cronwright, D, additional, Sinha, S, additional, Binase, U, additional, Francis, I, additional, Boakye, D, additional, Dlamini, S, additional, Mendelson, M, additional, and Peter, J, additional

Published
2023
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22. The use of modelling and simulation approach in reconstructing past landscapes from fossil pollen data: a review and results from the POLLANDCAL network

Author

Gaillard, Marie-José, Sugita, Shinya, Bunting, M., Middleton, Richard, Broström, Anna, Caseldine, Christopher, Giesecke, Thomas, Hellman, Sophie, Hicks, Sheila, Hjelle, Kari, Langdon, Catherine, Nielsen, Anne-Birgitte, Poska, Anneli, von Stedingk, Henrik, and Veski, Sim

Abstract

Abstract: Information on past land cover in terms of absolute areas of different landscape units (forest, open land, pasture land, cultivated land, etc.) at local to regional scales is needed to test hypotheses and answer questions related to climate change (e.g. feedbacks effects of land-cover change), archaeological research, and nature conservancy (e.g. management strategy). The palaeoecological technique best suited to achieve quantitative reconstruction of past vegetation is pollen analysis. A simulation approach developed by Sugita (the computer model POLLSCAPE) which uses models based on the theory of pollen analysis is presented together with examples of application. POLLSCAPE has been adopted as the central tool for POLLANDCAL (POLlen/LANdscape CALibration), an international research network focusing on this topic. The theory behind models of the pollen–vegetation relationship and POLLSCAPE is reviewed. The two model outputs which receive greatest attention in this paper are the relevant source area of pollen (RSAP) and pollen loading in mires and lakes. Six examples of application of POLLSCAPE are presented, each of which explores a possible use of the POLLANDCAL tools and a means of validating or evaluating the models with empirical data. The landscape and vegetation factors influencing the size of the RSAP, the importance of pollen productivity estimates (PPEs) for the model outputs, the detection of small and rare patches of plant taxa in pollen records, and quantitative reconstructions of past vegetation and landscapes are discussed on the basis of these examples. The simulation approach is seen to be useful both for exploring different vegetation/landscape scenarios and for refuting hypotheses.

Published
2024
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23. Relative pollen productivity and fall speed estimates for southern African savanna taxa

Author

Duffin, Kristina and Bunting, M.

Abstract

Abstract: Understanding the characteristics of pollen dispersal and deposition of different plant taxa is crucial to accurately reconstructing past landscapes using fossil pollen data. Quantitative reconstruction of past landscapes from pollen data using the Prentice-Sugita approach requires estimates of fall speed and relative pollen productivity for all taxa modelled. This study presents estimates of pollen productivity and fall speeds for key southern African savanna taxa, providing a basis for the improved interpretation of fossil pollen records from this extensive and heterogeneous biome. The work was carried out in 5 steps. (1) Modern pollen assemblages from 34 surface sediment samples were analysed. (2) Vegetation around each sampling site was surveyed in concentric circles to a radius of 50 m, and data from existing park surveys were analysed to extend the survey distance to 5 km. (3) Fall speeds for the main pollen taxa were estimated using Stoke’s Law of particle settling velocity. (4) Vegetation data were weighted using three different distance-weightings, one incorporating the different particle fall speeds. (5) Extended R-Value analysis was carried out on the pollen and distance-weighted plant abundance datasets using HUMPOL software to estimate relevant source area and relative pollen productivity for the main pollen taxa present. Results showed the Relevant Source Area of Pollen surrounding the sites to be 600–900 m radius, and Poaceae/Cyperaceae were found to be twice as productive (PPE 2.03) as the arboreal taxa analysed (PPE 0.50–0.99). The problems encountered in calculating pollen productivity estimates in savanna environments are discussed and improvements for future studies are suggested.

Published
2024
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27. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., Zimny M., Davis, B, Chevalier, M, Sommer, P, Carter, V, Finsinger, W, Mauri, A, Phelps, L, Zanon, M, Abegglen, R, Akesson, C, Alba-Sanchez, F, Scott Anderson, R, Antipina, T, Atanassova, J, Beer, R, Belyanina, N, Blyakharchuk, T, Borisova, O, Bozilova, E, Bukreeva, G, Jane Bunting, M, Clo, E, Colombaroli, D, Combourieu-Nebout, N, Desprat, S, Di Rita, F, Djamali, M, Edwards, K, Fall, P, Feurdean, A, Fletcher, W, Florenzano, A, Furlanetto, G, Gaceur, E, Galimov, A, Galka, M, Garcia-Moreiras, I, Giesecke, T, Grindean, R, Guido, M, Gvozdeva, I, Herzschuh, U, Hjelle, K, Ivanov, S, Jahns, S, Jankovska, V, Jimenez-Moreno, G, Karpinska-Kolaczek, M, Kitaba, I, Kolaczek, P, Lapteva, E, Latalowa, M, Lebreton, V, Leroy, S, Leydet, M, Lopatina, D, Lopez-Saez, J, Lotter, A, Magri, D, Marinova, E, Matthias, I, Mavridou, A, Mercuri, A, Mesa-Fernandez, J, Mikishin, Y, Milecka, K, Montanari, C, Morales-Molino, C, Mrotzek, A, Sobrino, C, Naidina, O, Nakagawa, T, Nielsen, A, Novenko, E, Panajiotidis, S, Panova, N, Papadopoulou, M, Pardoe, H, Pedziszewska, A, Petrenko, T, Ramos-Roman, M, Ravazzi, C, Rosch, M, Ryabogina, N, Ruiz, S, Sakari Salonen, J, Sapelko, T, Schofield, J, Seppa, H, Shumilovskikh, L, Stivrins, N, Stojakowits, P, Svitavska, H, Swieta-Musznicka, J, Tantau, I, Tinner, W, Tobolski, K, Tonkov, S, Tsakiridou, M, Valsecchi, V, Zanina, O, Zimny, M, Davis B. A. S., Chevalier M., Sommer P., Carter V. A., Finsinger W., Mauri A., Phelps L. N., Zanon M., Abegglen R., Akesson C. M., Alba-Sanchez F., Scott Anderson R., Antipina T. G., Atanassova J. R., Beer R., Belyanina N. I., Blyakharchuk T. A., Borisova O. K., Bozilova E., Bukreeva G., Jane Bunting M., Clo E., Colombaroli D., Combourieu-Nebout N., Desprat S., Di Rita F., Djamali M., Edwards K. J., Fall P. L., Feurdean A., Fletcher W., Florenzano A., Furlanetto G., Gaceur E., Galimov A. T., Galka M., Garcia-Moreiras I., Giesecke T., Grindean R., Guido M. A., Gvozdeva I. G., Herzschuh U., Hjelle K. L., Ivanov S., Jahns S., Jankovska V., Jimenez-Moreno G., Karpinska-Kolaczek M., Kitaba I., Kolaczek P., Lapteva E. G., Latalowa M., Lebreton V., Leroy S., Leydet M., Lopatina D. A., Lopez-Saez J. A., Lotter A. F., Magri D., Marinova E., Matthias I., Mavridou A., Mercuri A. M., Mesa-Fernandez J. M., Mikishin Y. A., Milecka K., Montanari C., Morales-Molino C., Mrotzek A., Sobrino C. M., Naidina O. D., Nakagawa T., Nielsen A. B., Novenko E. Y., Panajiotidis S., Panova N. K., Papadopoulou M., Pardoe H. S., Pedziszewska A., Petrenko T. I., Ramos-Roman M. J., Ravazzi C., Rosch M., Ryabogina N., Ruiz S. S., Sakari Salonen J., Sapelko T. V., Schofield J. E., Seppa H., Shumilovskikh L., Stivrins N., Stojakowits P., Svitavska H. S., Swieta-Musznicka J., Tantau I., Tinner W., Tobolski K., Tonkov S., Tsakiridou M., Valsecchi V., Zanina O. G., and Zimny M.

Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).

Published
2020

28. Self-reported beta-lactam allergy: inpatients in government funded and privately funded hospitals Cape Town, South Africa

Author

Day, Cascia, primary, Deetlefs, M., additional, O’Brien, A., additional, Smith, J., additional, Boyd, M., additional, Embling, N., additional, Patel, S., additional, Moody, K., additional, Ramabele, T., additional, Budge, A., additional, Tarwa, Tapiwa Tavarwisa, additional, Jim, O., additional, Maharaj, T., additional, Pandy, S., additional, Abrahams, JM., additional, Panieri, A., additional, Verhage, S., additional, Merwe, M. van der, additional, Geragotellis, A., additional, Amanjee, W., additional, Joseph, C., additional, Zhao, Z., additional, Moosa, S., additional, Bunting, M., additional, Pulani, Yanelisa, additional, Mukhari, P., additional, Paiva, M. de, additional, Deyi, G., additional, Wonkam, R. Peigou, additional, Mancotywa, N., additional, Dunge, A., additional, Msimanga, T., additional, Singh, A., additional, Monnaruri, O., additional, Molale, B., additional, Butler, T., additional, Browde, K., additional, Muller, C., additional, Walt, J. Van Der, additional, Whitelaw, R., additional, Cronwright, D., additional, Parker, N., additional, Sinha, S., additional, Binase, U., additional, Francis, I., additional, Boakye, D., additional, Dlamini, S., additional, Mendelson, M., additional, and PETER, Jonny, additional

Published
2022
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31. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Davis, Basil A. S., primary, Chevalier, Manuel, additional, Sommer, Philipp, additional, Carter, Vachel A., additional, Finsinger, Walter, additional, Mauri, Achille, additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Zanon, Marco, additional, Abegglen, Roman, additional, Åkesson, Christine M., additional, Alba-Sánchez, Francisca, additional, Anderson, R. Scott, additional, Antipina, Tatiana G., additional, Atanassova, Juliana R., additional, Beer, Ruth, additional, Belyanina, Nina I., additional, Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., additional, Borisova, Olga K., additional, Bozilova, Elissaveta, additional, Bukreeva, Galina, additional, Bunting, M. Jane, additional, Clò, Eleonora, additional, Colombaroli, Daniele, additional, Combourieu-Nebout, Nathalie, additional, Desprat, Stéphanie, additional, Di Rita, Federico, additional, Djamali, Morteza, additional, Edwards, Kevin J., additional, Fall, Patricia L., additional, Feurdean, Angelica, additional, Fletcher, William, additional, Florenzano, Assunta, additional, Furlanetto, Giulia, additional, Gaceur, Emna, additional, Galimov, Arsenii T., additional, Gałka, Mariusz, additional, García-Moreiras, Iria, additional, Giesecke, Thomas, additional, Grindean, Roxana, additional, Guido, Maria A., additional, Gvozdeva, Irina G., additional, Herzschuh, Ulrike, additional, Hjelle, Kari L., additional, Ivanov, Sergey, additional, Jahns, Susanne, additional, Jankovska, Vlasta, additional, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, additional, Karpińska-Kołaczek, Monika, additional, Kitaba, Ikuko, additional, Kołaczek, Piotr, additional, Lapteva, Elena G., additional, Latałowa, Małgorzata, additional, Lebreton, Vincent, additional, Leroy, Suzanne, additional, Leydet, Michelle, additional, Lopatina, Darya A., additional, López-Sáez, José Antonio, additional, Lotter, André F., additional, Magri, Donatella, additional, Marinova, Elena, additional, Matthias, Isabelle, additional, Mavridou, Anastasia, additional, Mercuri, Anna Maria, additional, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, additional, Mikishin, Yuri A., additional, Milecka, Krystyna, additional, Montanari, Carlo, additional, Morales-Molino, César, additional, Mrotzek, Almut, additional, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, additional, Naidina, Olga D., additional, Nakagawa, Takeshi, additional, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, additional, Novenko, Elena Y., additional, Panajiotidis, Sampson, additional, Panova, Nata K., additional, Papadopoulou, Maria, additional, Pardoe, Heather S., additional, Pędziszewska, Anna, additional, Petrenko, Tatiana I., additional, Ramos-Román, María J., additional, Ravazzi, Cesare, additional, Rösch, Manfred, additional, Ryabogina, Natalia, additional, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, additional, Salonen, J. Sakari, additional, Sapelko, Tatyana V., additional, Schofield, James E., additional, Seppä, Heikki, additional, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, additional, Stivrins, Normunds, additional, Stojakowits, Philipp, additional, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, additional, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, additional, Tantau, Ioan, additional, Tinner, Willy, additional, Tobolski, Kazimierz, additional, Tonkov, Spassimir, additional, Tsakiridou, Margarita, additional, Valsecchi, Verushka, additional, Zanina, Oksana G., additional, and Zimny, Marcelina, additional

Published
2020
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32. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba-sánchez, Francisca, Anderson, R. Scott, Antipina, Tatiana G., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-nebout, Nathalie, Desprat, Stéphanie, Di Rita, Federico, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William, Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Gałka, Mariusz, García-moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergey, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska-kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kołaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latałowa, Małgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne, Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López-sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, André F., Magri, Donatella, Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, Maria, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatiana I., Ramos-román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, Tsakiridou, Margarita, Valsecchi, Verushka, Zanina, Oksana G., Zimny, Marcelina, Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba-sánchez, Francisca, Anderson, R. Scott, Antipina, Tatiana G., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-nebout, Nathalie, Desprat, Stéphanie, Di Rita, Federico, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William, Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Gałka, Mariusz, García-moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergey, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska-kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kołaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latałowa, Małgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne, Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López-sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, André F., Magri, Donatella, Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, Castor, Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, Maria, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatiana I., Ramos-román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, Tsakiridou, Margarita, Valsecchi, Verushka, Zanina, Oksana G., and Zimny, Marcelina

Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).

Published
2020

33. The Eurasian Modern Pollen Database (EMPD), version 2

Author

Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Valsecchi, V., Zanina, Oksana G., Zimny, Marcelina, Scott Anderson, R., Antipina, Tatiana A., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-Nebout, N., Desprat, Stéphanie, Rita, Federico di, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William J., Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Galka, Mariusz, García-Moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergy, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska‐Kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kolaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latalowa, Malgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, A. F., Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-Molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, C., Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, María, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatitana I., Ramos-Román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, Tsakiridou, Margarita, Université de Lausanne, Swiss National Science Foundation, López Sáez, José Antonio [0000-0002-3122-2744], Davis, Basil A. S., Chevalier, Manuel, Sommer, Philipp, Carter, Vachel A., Finsinger, Walter, Mauri, Achille, Phelps, Leanne N., Zanon, Marco, Abegglen, Roman, Åkesson, Christine M., Alba Sánchez, Francisca, Valsecchi, V., Zanina, Oksana G., Zimny, Marcelina, Scott Anderson, R., Antipina, Tatiana A., Atanassova, Juliana R., Beer, Ruth, Belyanina, Nina I., Blyakharchuk, Tatiana A., Borisova, Olga K., Bozilova, Elissaveta, Bukreeva, Galina, Bunting, M. Jane, Clò, Eleonora, Colombaroli, Daniele, Combourieu-Nebout, N., Desprat, Stéphanie, Rita, Federico di, Djamali, Morteza, Edwards, Kevin J., Fall, Patricia L., Feurdean, Angelica, Fletcher, William J., Florenzano, Assunta, Furlanetto, Giulia, Gaceur, Emna, Galimov, Arsenii T., Galka, Mariusz, García-Moreiras, Iria, Giesecke, Thomas, Grindean, Roxana, Guido, Maria A., Gvozdeva, Irina G., Herzschuh, Ulrike, Hjelle, Kari L., Ivanov, Sergy, Jahns, Susanne, Jankovska, Vlasta, Jiménez-Moreno, Gonzalo, Karpińska‐Kołaczek, Monika, Kitaba, Ikuko, Kolaczek, Piotr, Lapteva, Elena G., Latalowa, Malgorzata, Lebreton, Vincent, Leroy, Suzanne A. G., Leydet, Michelle, Lopatina, Darya A., López Sáez, José Antonio, Lotter, A. F., Marinova, Elena, Matthias, Isabelle, Mavridou, Anastasia, Mercuri, Anna Maria, Mesa-Fernández, Jose Manuel, Mikishin, Yuri A., Milecka, Krystyna, Montanari, Carlo, Morales-Molino, César, Mrotzek, Almut, Muñoz Sobrino, C., Naidina, Olga D., Nakagawa, Takeshi, Nielsen, Anne Birgitte, Novenko, Elena Y., Panajiotidis, Sampson, Panova, Nata K., Papadopoulou, María, Pardoe, Heather S., Pędziszewska, Anna, Petrenko, Tatitana I., Ramos-Román, María J., Ravazzi, Cesare, Rösch, Manfred, Ryabogina, Natalia, Sabariego Ruiz, Silvia, Salonen, J. Sakari, Sapelko, Tatyana V., Schofield, James E., Seppä, Heikki, Shumilovskikh, Lyudmila, Stivrins, Normunds, Stojakowits, Philipp, Svobodova Svitavska, Helena, Święta-Musznicka, Joanna, Tantau, Ioan, Tinner, Willy, Tobolski, Kazimierz, Tonkov, Spassimir, and Tsakiridou, Margarita

Abstract

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60% from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).

Published
2020

34. Maps from mud – using the Multiple Scenario Approach to reconstruct land cover dynamics from pollen records: a case study of two Neolithic landscapes

Author

Bunting, M Jane, Farrell, Michelle, Bayliss, Alex, Marshall, Peter, and Whittle, Alasdair

Subjects
Pollen analysis, Archaeology, pollen dispersal and deposition modelling, Vegetation reconstruction, Paleoecology, Neolithic, palynology
Abstract

Pollen records contain a wide range of information about past land cover, but translation from the pollen diagram to other formats remains a challenge. In this paper, we present LandPolFlow, a software package enabling Multiple Scenario Approach (MSA) based land cover reconstruction from pollen records for specific landscapes. It has two components: a basic Geographic Information System which takes grids of landscape constraints (e.g. topography, geology) and generates possible ‘scenarios’ of past land cover using a combination of probabilistic and deterministic placement rules to distribute defined plant communities within the landscape, and a pollen dispersal and deposition model which simulates pollen loading at specified points within each scenario and compares that statistically with actual pollen assemblages from the same location. Goodness of fit statistics from multiple pollen site locations are used to identify which scenarios are likely reconstructions of past land cover. We apply this approach to two case studies of Neolithisation in Britain, the first from the Somerset Levels and the second from Mainland, Orkney. Both landscapes contain significant evidence of Neolithic activity, but present contrasting contexts. In Somerset, wet-preserved Neolithic remains such as trackways are abundant, but little dry land settlement archaeology is known, and the pre-Neolithic landscape was extensively wooded. In Orkney, the Neolithic archaeology includes domestic and monumental stone-built structures forming a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and the pre-Neolithic landscape was largely treeless. Existing pollen records were collated from both landscapes and correlated within a new age model framework (presented elsewhere). This allowed pollen data to be grouped into 200 year periods, or “timeslices”, for reconstruction of land cover through time using the MSA. Reconstruction suggests that subtle but clear and persistent impacts of Neolithisation on land cover occurred in both landscapes, with no reduction in impact during periods when archaeological records suggest lower activity levels. By applying the methodology to specific landscapes, we critically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses and identify potential remedies, which we then expand into consideration of how simulation can be incorporated into palynological research practice. We argue that the MSA deserves a place within the palynologist’s standard tool kit.

Published
2018

37. Opening the Woods: Towards a Quantification of Neolithic Clearance Around the Somerset Levels and Moors

Author

Farrell, Michelle, primary, Bunting, M. Jane, additional, Sturt, Fraser, additional, Grant, Michael, additional, Aalbersberg, Gerard, additional, Batchelor, Rob, additional, Brown, Alex, additional, Druce, Denise, additional, Hill, Tom, additional, Hollinrake, Arthur, additional, Jones, Julie, additional, Tinsley, Heather, additional, Bayliss, Alex, additional, Marshall, Peter, additional, Richer, Suzi, additional, and Whittle, Alasdair, additional

Published
2019
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40. A method for reconstructing temporal changes in vegetation functional trait composition using Holocene pollen assemblages

Author

Finsinger, Walter, Carvalho, Fabio, Brown, Kerry A., Waller, Martyn P., Bunting, M. Jane, Boom, Arnoud, Leng, Melanie J., Finsinger, Walter, Carvalho, Fabio, Brown, Kerry A., Waller, Martyn P., Bunting, M. Jane, Boom, Arnoud, and Leng, Melanie J.

Abstract

Methods of reconstructing changes in plant traits over long time scales are needed to understand the impact of changing environmental conditions on ecosystem processes and services. Although Holocene pollen have been extensively used to provide records of vegetation history, few studies have adopted a functional trait approach that is pertinent to changes in ecosystem processes. Here, for woody and herbaceous fen peatland communities, we use modern pollen and vegetation data combined with pollen records from Holocene deposits to reconstruct vegetation functional dynamics. The six traits chosen (measures of leaf area-to-mass ratio and leaf nutrient content) are known to modulate species’ fitness and to vary with changes in ecosystem processes. We fitted linear mixed effects models between community weighted mean (CWM) trait values of the modern pollen and vegetation to determine whether traits assigned to pollen types could be used to reconstruct traits found in the vegetation from pollen assemblages. We used relative pollen productivity (RPP) correction factors in an attempt to improve this relationship. For traits showing the best fit between modern pollen and vegetation, we applied the model to dated Holocene pollen sequences from Fenland and Romney Marsh in eastern and southern England and reconstructed temporal changes in trait composition. RPP adjustment did not improve the linear relationship between modern pollen and vegetation. Leaf nutrient traits (leaf C and N) were generally more predictable from pollen data than mass-area traits. We show that inferences about biomass accumulation and decomposition rates can be made using Holocene trait reconstructions. While it is possible to reconstruct community-level trends for some leaf traits from pollen assemblages preserved in sedimentary archives in wetlands, we show the importance of testing methods in modern systems first and encourage further development of this approach to address issues concerning the pollen

Published
2019

41. A method for reconstructing temporal changes in vegetation functional trait composition using Holocene pollen assemblages

Author

Carvalho, Fabio, Brown, Kerry A., Waller, Martyn P., Bunting, M. Jane, Boom, Arnoud, Leng, Melanie J., Carvalho, Fabio, Brown, Kerry A., Waller, Martyn P., Bunting, M. Jane, Boom, Arnoud, and Leng, Melanie J.

Abstract

Methods of reconstructing changes in plant traits over long time scales are needed to understand the impact of changing environmental conditions on ecosystem processes and services. Although Holocene pollen have been extensively used to provide records of vegetation history, few studies have adopted a functional trait approach that is pertinent to changes in ecosystem processes. Here, for woody and herbaceous fen peatland communities, we use modern pollen and vegetation data combined with pollen records from Holocene deposits to reconstruct vegetation functional dynamics. The six traits chosen (measures of leaf area-to-mass ratio and leaf nutrient content) are known to modulate species’ fitness and to vary with changes in ecosystem processes. We fitted linear mixed effects models between community weighted mean (CWM) trait values of the modern pollen and vegetation to determine whether traits assigned to pollen types could be used to reconstruct traits found in the vegetation from pollen assemblages. We used relative pollen productivity (RPP) correction factors in an attempt to improve this relationship. For traits showing the best fit between modern pollen and vegetation, we applied the model to dated Holocene pollen sequences from Fenland and Romney Marsh in eastern and southern England and reconstructed temporal changes in trait composition. RPP adjustment did not improve the linear relationship between modern pollen and vegetation. Leaf nutrient traits (leaf C and N) were generally more predictable from pollen data than mass-area traits. We show that inferences about biomass accumulation and decomposition rates can be made using Holocene trait reconstructions. While it is possible to reconstruct community-level trends for some leaf traits from pollen assemblages preserved in sedimentary archives in wetlands, we show the importance of testing methods in modern systems first and encourage further development of this approach to address issues concerning the pollen

Published
2019

42. Environmental history and human impact in Orkney, Scotland

Author

Bunting, M. J.

Subjects
ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, ComputingMethodologies_GENERAL
Abstract

This thesis was digitised by the British Library from microfilm. You can acquire a single copy of this thesis for research purposes by clicking on the padlock icon on the thesis file. Please be aware that the text in the supplied thesis pdf file may not be as clear as text in a thesis that was born digital or digitised directly from paper due to the conversion in format. However, all of the theses in Apollo that were digitised from microfilm are readable and have been processed by optical character recognition (OCR) technology which means the reader can search and find text within the document. If you are the author of this thesis and would like to make your work openly available, please contact us: thesis@repository.cam.ac.uk

Published
2018
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43. Simulating vegetation in ancient Japan using HUMPOL: a pollen-based multiscenario modeling approach

Author

Bell, Lauren, Crema, E., Bunting, M. J., and Madella, Marco

Subjects
Japó, Vegetació i clima, Medi ambient -- Anàlisi d'impacte
Abstract

We present a hypothetical vegetation map for the largest Jōmon settlement in Japan (ca. 5900-4100 BP) based on simulated pollen dispersal in the landscape using fossil pollen data. It suggests intentional planting of chestnut groves within the settlement area.

Published
2018

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