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Background: Ovarian tumors are a common form of neoplasm in women. Early diagnosis and management of ovarian tumors is a major problem in a developing country like Nepal, due to lack of awareness and limited facility for investigations in all parts of Nepal. Usually, the malignant ovarian neoplasms will have already advanced too far by the time they are detected. This study was proposed to identify the spectrum of ovarian tumors and their clinicopathological features. Materials and methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional descriptive study over a period of two years. Ovarian tissue with clinical notes sent to the histopathology department in 10% formalin was received. The specimens were subjected to critical gross as well as histopathological study. Routine paraffin sections with Hematoxylin & Eosin staining were used. The clinical as well as histological findings were compiled on proforma and then subjected to analysis. This was a descriptive study and data were tabulated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 Results: A total of 50 patients were included in the study with the age range from 15 years to 63 years. Maximum patients were from age group 41-50 years (36%). In the present study, abdominal pain (62%) was the most common presenting complaint followed by mass per abdomen (20%) and irregular periods (10%). The majority of the ovarian tumors belonged to benign tumors (82%) followed by malignant tumors (12%). As per WHO classification, surface epithelium tumors were found to be the most common variety (84%), followed by germ cell tumors (10%). Among the various known subtypes of ovarian tumors, serous cystadenoma (48%) was found to be the most common subtype followed by mucinous cystadenoma (20%). Conclusions: Benign ovarian tumors are more common than malignant or borderline tumors. Among the histopathological subtypes of ovarian tumors, surface epithelial tumors are the most common type. Differentiation between benign and malignant tumors is important to assure proper management and recovery. Similar studies with greater sample size are advisable in the future.

Darier disease (DD) is a rare genodermatoses characterized by greasy hyperkeratotic papules in seborrheic regions and nail and oral changes. Histologically, it presents as suprabasal clefts with acantholytic and dyskeratotic cells. Acrokertasosis verruciformis of Hopf (AKVH) is considered an allelic variant with clinical overlap where Church spires are seen histologically without dyskeratoses. Patients are susceptible to various viral and bacterial skin infections requiring prevention and treatment of infection. Nonspecific treatment includes patient counseling on exacerbating factors. Although there are no curative treatments for DD, topical corticosteroids and systemic retinoids may be used to control inflammation and hyperkeratosis. We are reporting a rare case with clinical and histological findings of DD with AKVH in a 17-year-old boy with keratotic papules, presented on the hands and feet, nose, and ears without mucosal involvement.

Actinomyces are a part of the normal flora of the cervicofacial region, gastrointestinal tract, and urogenital tract, but can cause infections when the normal mucosal barrier is lost. Herein, we report a rare case of actinomycosis of the gallbladder in a 60-years-old-female. The patient presented with right hypochondrium pain since three months; ultrasonography showed cholelithiasis with thick oedematous wall. An open cholecystectomy was carried out. Histological examination revealed an inflamed gallbladder with colonies of radiating filamentous structures having numerous sulphur granules which on gram staining showed filamentous gram-positive rods. The diagnosis of Actinomycosis of gallbladder was made. After cholecystectomy, prolonged antimicrobial therapy is recommended for patient with actinomycosis to prevent recurrence and even mortality.