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7. Filling in biodiversity threat gaps

Author

Joppa, L. N., O'Connor, B., Visconti, P., Smith, C., Geldmann, J., Hoffmann, M., Watson, J. E. M., Butchart, S. H. M., Virah-Sawmy, M., Halpern, B. S., Ahmed, S. E., Balmford, A., Sutherland, W. J., Harfoot, M., Hilton-Taylor, C., Foden, W., Di Minin, E., Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Hutton, J., and Burgess, N. D.

Published
2016

9. Who is at risk of death from nephrectomy? An analysis of thirty‐day mortality after 21 380 nephrectomies in 3 years of the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) National Nephrectomy Audit

Author

Fernando, Archie, Fowler, Sarah, Van Hemelrijck, Mieke, OʼBrien, Tim, Abbasi, Z., Adamson, A. S., Addla, S. K., Adeyoju, A. A., Adshead, J. M., Afzal, N., Aho, T. F., Akhtar, M., Al‐Akraa, M., Al‐Sudani, M., Alam, A., Allan, J., Almond, D. J., Anderson, C. J., Andrews, S. J., Apakama, I., Armitage, T., Armitage, J., Awsare, N., Ayres, B., Banerjee, G. K., Barber, N. J., Barua, J. M., Basu, S., Bdesha, A. S., Beacock, C. J. M., Beatty, J., O Beck, R., Belal, M., Bell, C. R. W., Bhanot, S. M., Bhatt, R., Bhatti, A., Biyani, C. S., Blacker, A. J., Blades, R. A., Blake, C., Blake‐James, B., Boddy, J., Bromage, S. J., Bromwich, E., Brown, C., Browning, A. J., Bryan, N. P., Burgess, N. A., Burns‐Cox, N., Butterworth, P. C., Bycroft, J., Calleary, J. G., Calvert, R. C., Campbell, I., Campbell, C. A., Cannon, A., Carter, P. G., Carter, C. J. M., Cartledge, J. J., Casey, R., Chakravarti, A., Challacombe, B., Chandrasekharan, S., Chappell, B. G., Chaudry, A., Chen, T. F., Cherian, J., Choi, W. H., Chow, K., Clavijo Eisele, J., Cliff, A. M., Cohen, N. P., Cole, O. J., Collins, J., Connolly, S., Cooke, P. W., Cooksey, G., Cornaby, A. J., Cornford, P. A., Corr, J. G., Coulthard, R., Cranston, D. W., Cresswell, J., Crundwell, M. C., Cutinha, P. E., Cynk, M., Daruwala, P. D., Dasgupta, P., Datta, S. N., Davenport, K., de Bolla, A. R., Devarajan, R., Dickerson, D. A. G., Dickinson, A. J., Doherty, A. P., Donaldson, P. J., Dudderidge, T., Dyer, J., Eaton, J., Eddy, B., Eden, C. G., Elsaghir, M., Evans, S. D., Fiala, R., Fordham, M. V. P., Foster, M. C., French, A. J., Frymann, R. J., Gall, Z. J., Gallegos, C. R. R., Gana, H. B. Y., Garnett, S., Ghei, M., Gibbons, N., Gilbert, H. W., Gillatt, D. A., Glackin, A., Godbole, H. C., Golash, A., Goodman, C. M., Gowardhan, B., Green, J. S. A., Griffiths, T. R. L., Gujral, S., Gunendran, T., Hagan, C. M., Haldar, N., Hanbury, D. C., Harney, J., Hasan, S. T., Hawkyard, S. J., Hayes, M. C., Haynes, M. D., Henderson, A., Hicks, J. A., Hindley, R. G., Hodgson, D. J., Hotston, M., Howell, G. P., Hrouda, D., Hughes, O. D. M., Hunter‐Campbell, P., Ilie, C., Issa, R., Jain, S., Jain, A., Janjua, K. S., Javle, P., Johnson, P., Johnson, M. I., Jones, A., Joshi, H., Joyce, A. D., Kanaga‐Sundaram, S., Karim, O. M. A., Keeley, F. X., Kelkar, A., Kelleher, J. P., Khan, A., Khattak, A. Q., Khoubehi, B., Kimuli, M., Kirollos, M. M., Kockelbergh, R. C., Kooiman, G., Koupparis, A., Kumar, P., Kynaston, H. G., Laniado, M. E., Larner, T., Latif, Z., Lau, M. W., le Roux, P. J., Leung, S., Leveckis, J., Lewis, G., Liston, T. G., Lockyer, C. R. W., Lodge, R. N., Luscombe, C. J., Lynch, M., Lynch, C., Lynn, N. N. K., MacDermott, J. P., Mackie, S., Madaan, S., Maddineni, S.B., Maheshkumar, P., Makar, A. A., Makunde, J. T., Manikandan, R., Mann, G. S., Mantle, M., Mark, I. R., Matanhelia, S. S., McCabe, J., McClinton, S., McFarlane, J. P., McInerney, P. D., McIntyre, I. G., McLarty, E., McLornan, M. E., McLoughlin, J., McNeill, S. A., Mehta, S., Mellon, J. K., Menezes, P., Mills, R. D., Mokete, M., Montague, R., Morton, A. L., Motiwala, H. G., Mulholland, C. K., Mumtaz, F. H., Munro, N., Myatt, A., Nair, M., Namasivayam, S., Napier‐Hemy, R. D., Nathan, S., Neilson, D., Nicol, D. L., Nuttall, M., OʼBrien, T. S., OʼKane, H. F., OʼRiordan, A., Oades, G., Oakley, N., Okeke, A. A., Olsburgh, J., Paez, E., Page, T., Parkin, J., Parys, B. T., Patel, P., Patel, N., Patel, B., Pathak, S., Patil, K., Paul, A. B., Payne, D., Peracha, A. M., Peters, J. L., Phillips, S. M. A., Phillips, J. T., Phipps, S., Pillai, M. K., Potter, J. M., Prescott, S., Rajan, T. N., Rajjayabun, P., Ramani, V. A. C., Rane, A., Ravi, R., Ravichandran, S., Riddick, A. C. P., Rimington, P. D., Rix, G. H., Rix, D., Robinson, L. Q., Rochester, M., Rogawski, K. M., Rogers, A. G., Rowe, E., Sahadevan, K., Samsudin, A., Sandhu, S., Sangar, V. K., Sells, H., Shackley, D. C., Shah, Z., Shaikh, N. N. A., Sharma, H., Sherwood, B., Singh, S., Singh, G., Smith, D. J., Solomon, L., Soomro, N. A., Srinivasan, V., Sriprasad, S. I., Stephenson, R. N., Stewart, A., Stubington, S. R., Subramonian, K., Sullivan, M. E., Taneja, S., Thilagarajah, R., Thomas, S. A., Thomas, D. J., Thomas, B., Thompson, A. C., Thurston, A.V., Turner, K. J., Umez‐Eronini, O. N., Upsdell, S. M., Vale, J. A., Varadaraj, H., Vesey, S. G., Viney, R., Vohra, A. K., Walton, T., Warburton, H. E., Waymont, B., Webster, J. J., Webster, G. M., Wedderburn, A., Wemyss‐Holden, G. D., Weston, R., Whittlestone, T., Wilkinson, S., Wilkinson, B., Williams, S., Wills, M. I., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, I. D., Woodhouse, C. R. J., Wright, M., Yates, D. R., and Young, J. G.

Published
2017
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12. Thromboprophylaxis use in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: an international RAND appropriateness panel

Author

Torrente F, Meade S, Benchimol EI, de Ridder L, Croft NM, Kammermeier J, Mack DR, Klomberg RCW, Turner D, Wilson DC, Martín-de-Carpi J, Bronsky J, Dias JA, Walker G, van Ommen CH, Powar MP, Burgess N, Irving PM, Samaan MA, and Hansen R

Subjects
inflammatory bowel disease, Paediatric gastroenterology, ulcerative colitis
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Thromboprophylaxis use in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is inconsistent. Current guidelines only support treating children with acute severe colitis with risk factors. We convened an international RAND panel to explore thromboprophylaxis in paediatric IBD inpatients in the context of new evidence. METHODS: We convened a geographically diverse 14-person panel of paediatric gastroenterologists alongside supporting experts. An online survey was sent before an online meeting. Panellists were asked to rate the appropriateness of thromboprophylaxis in hospitalised paediatric IBD patients via 27 scenarios of varying ages, gender, and phenotype, with and without thrombotic risk factors. Anonymised results were presented at the meeting. A second modified survey was distributed to all panellists present at the meeting. Results from the second survey constitute the RAND panel results. The validated RAND disagreement index defined disagreement when =1. RESULTS: The combined outcome of thromboprophylaxis being considered appropriate until discharge and inappropriate to withhold was seen in 20 of 27 scenarios, including all patients with new-onset acute severe colitis; all flares of known ulcerative colitis, irrespective of risk factors except pre-pubescent patients with limited disease and no risk factors; and all Crohn's patients with risk factors. Disagreement was seen in 5 scenarios regarding Crohn's without risk factors where outcomes were already uncertain. CONCLUSIONS: RAND panels are an established method to assess expert opinion in areas of limited evidence. This work therefore constitutes neither a guideline nor a consensus; however, the findings suggest a need to re-evaluate the role of thromboprophylaxis in future guidelines.

Published
2022

14. P590 Thromboprophylaxis use in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: an international RAND appropriateness panel

Author

Hansen, R, primary, Meade, S, additional, Torrente, F, additional, Kammermeier, J, additional, Croft, N M, additional, de Ridder, L, additional, Wilson, D C, additional, Klomberg, R, additional, Turner, D, additional, Martín-de-Carpi, J, additional, Bronsky, J, additional, Benchimol, E, additional, Amil-Dias, J, additional, Mack, D R, additional, Walker, G, additional, Powar, M, additional, Burgess, N, additional, van Ommen, C H, additional, Irving, P M, additional, and Samaan, M, additional

Published
2022
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16. BIG DATA AND BIODIVERSITY: Filling in biodiversity threat gaps

Author

Joppa, L. N., OʼConnor, B., Visconti, P., Smith, C., Geldmann, J., Hoffmann, M., Watson, J. E. M., Butchart, S. H. M., Virah-Sawmy, M., Halpern, B. S., Ahmed, S. E., Balmford, A., Sutherland, W. J., Harfoot, M., Hilton-Taylor, C., Foden, W., Di Minin, E., Pagad, S., Genovesi, P., Hutton, J., and Burgess, N. D.

Published
2016

22. Stone clearance using the EMS Swiss LithoClast® Trilogy: Results of the European multicentre prospective study in comparison to the BAUS national PCNL outcomes on behalf of European Society of UroTechnology

Author

Thakare, N., primary, Tanase, F., additional, Saeb-Parsy, K., additional, Atassi, N., additional, Endriss, R., additional, Kamphuis, G., additional, Pérez-Fentes, D., additional, Hasan, M., additional, Brehmer, M., additional, Osther, P.J., additional, Jung, H., additional, Turney, B., additional, Finch, W., additional, Burgess, N., additional, Irving, S., additional, Dragos, L., additional, Liatsikos, E., additional, Knoll, T., additional, Cauni, V., additional, and Wiseman, O., additional

Published
2021
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24. Areas of global importance for conserving terrestrial biodiversity, carbon and water

Author

Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., García-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B.L., Enquist, B.J., Feng, X., Gallagher, R., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Roll, U., Hanson, J.O., Jetz, W., Di Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D.S., Sachs, J.D., Lesiv, M., Adams, V.M., Andrew, S.C., Burger, J.R., Hannah, L., Marquet, P.A., McCarthy, J.K., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E.A., Park, D.S., Roehrdanz, P.R., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, J.J., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B.B. ., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., Visconti, P., Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., García-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B.L., Enquist, B.J., Feng, X., Gallagher, R., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Roll, U., Hanson, J.O., Jetz, W., Di Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D.S., Sachs, J.D., Lesiv, M., Adams, V.M., Andrew, S.C., Burger, J.R., Hannah, L., Marquet, P.A., McCarthy, J.K., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E.A., Park, D.S., Roehrdanz, P.R., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, J.J., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B.B. ., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., and Visconti, P.

Abstract

To meet the ambitious objectives of biodiversity and climate conventions, the international community requires clarity on how these objectives can be operationalized spatially and how multiple targets can be pursued concurrently. To support goal setting and the implementation of international strategies and action plans, spatial guidance is needed to identify which land areas have the potential to generate the greatest synergies between conserving biodiversity and nature’s contributions to people. Here we present results from a joint optimization that minimizes the number of threatened species, maximizes carbon retention and water quality regulation, and ranks terrestrial conservation priorities globally. We found that selecting the top-ranked 30% and 50% of terrestrial land area would conserve respectively 60.7% and 85.3% of the estimated total carbon stock and 66% and 89.8% of all clean water, in addition to meeting conservation targets for 57.9% and 79% of all species considered. Our data and prioritization further suggest that adequately conserving all species considered (vertebrates and plants) would require giving conservation attention to ~70% of the terrestrial land surface. If priority was given to biodiversity only, managing 30% of optimally located land area for conservation may be sufficient to meet conservation targets for 81.3% of the terrestrial plant and vertebrate species considered. Our results provide a global assessment of where land could be optimally managed for conservation. We discuss how such a spatial prioritization framework can support the implementation of the biodiversity and climate conventions.

Published
2021

25. Repeated proning in non-intubated patients with COVID-19

Author

Jones, JRA, Attard, Z, Bellomo, R, Burgess, N, Donovan, A, Graco, M, Rollinson, T, Berlowitz, DJ, Jones, JRA, Attard, Z, Bellomo, R, Burgess, N, Donovan, A, Graco, M, Rollinson, T, and Berlowitz, DJ

Published
2021

26. Towards a multidimensional biodiversity index for national application

Author

Soto-Navarro, C. A, Harfoot, M., Hill, S. L. L., Campbell, J., Mora, F., Campos, C., Pretorius, C., Pascual, U., Kapos, V., Allison, H., Burgess, N. D., Soto-Navarro, C. A, Harfoot, M., Hill, S. L. L., Campbell, J., Mora, F., Campos, C., Pretorius, C., Pascual, U., Kapos, V., Allison, H., and Burgess, N. D.

Abstract

The lack of urgent action to reverse biodiversity loss is partly due to the complex nature of biodiversity as a feature of our planet. Subsequently, policymakers receive an often-confusing variety of narratives on why biodiversity matters, which makes it difficult to link biodiversity loss and risks to the attainment of sustainable development. Making this link clearer calls for a multidimensional perspective on biodiversity to reassess what we value, facilitate mainstreaming and support national decision-making. We propose a co-produced Multidimensional Biodiversity Index to connect biodiversity science to the political agenda that accounts for the diversity of values underpinning nature–human relationships. © 2021, Springer Nature Limited.

Published
2021

27. NatureMap Priority maps to Areas of global importance for conserving terrestrial biodiversity, carbon, and water

Author

Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., Garcia-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B., Enquist, B., Feng, X., Gallagher, R., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Roll, U., Hanson, J., Jetz, W., Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D., Sachs, J., Lesiv, M., Adams, V., Andrew, S., Burger, J., Hannah, L., Marquet, P., McCarthy, J., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E., Park, D., Roehrdanz, P., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, I., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., Visconti, P., Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., Garcia-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B., Enquist, B., Feng, X., Gallagher, R., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Roll, U., Hanson, J., Jetz, W., Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D., Sachs, J., Lesiv, M., Adams, V., Andrew, S., Burger, J., Hannah, L., Marquet, P., McCarthy, J., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E., Park, D., Roehrdanz, P., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, I., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., and Visconti, P.

Abstract

This data repository contains the results of the NatureMap ( naturemap.earth/) conservation prioritization effort. The maps were created by jointly optimizing biodiversity and NCPs such as carbon and/or water. Maps are supplied at both 10km and 50km resolution and all maps that aim to find priority areas for all species considered in the analysis, utilize a series of representative sets. The ranks for each layer are area-specific and can be used to extract summary statistics by simple subsetting. For example, to obtain the top 30% of land area for biodiversity and carbon, one needs to create a mask of all areas lower than a value of 30 from the respective ranked layers. For convenience two files are supplied that contain the fraction of land area per grid cell times 1000. Multiplying those with the cell area (100km2, respectively 2500km2) gives the exact amount of land area in a given grid cell. These are labelled "globalgrid_mollweide_**km.tif " can be used to create masks for the priority maps. The geographic projection is World Mollweide Equal Area projection.

Published
2021

38. Protecting 30% of the planet for nature: costs, benefits, and economic implications: Working paper analysing the economic implications of the proposed 30% target for areal protection in the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

Author

Waldron, A., Adams, V., Allan, J., Arnell, A., Atkinson, S., Baccini, A., Baillie, J.E.M., Balmford, A., Beau, J.A., Brander, L., Brondizio, E., Bruner, A., Burgess, N., Burkart, K., Butchart, S., Button, R., Carasco, R., Cheung, W., Christensen, V., Clements, A., Coll, M., Di Marco, M., Deguignet, M., Dinerstein, E., Ellis, E., Eppink, F., Ervin, J., Escobedo, A., Fa, J., Fernandes-Llamazares, A., Fernando, S., Fujimori, S., Fulton, B., Garnett, S., Gerber, J., Gill, D., Gopalakrishna, T., Hahn, N., Halpern, B., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Heikinheimo, V., Heneghan, R., Henry, E., Humpenoder, F., Jonas, H., Jones, K., Joppa, L., Joshi, A.R., Jung, M., Kingston, N., Klein, C., Krisztin, T., Lam, V., Leclere, D., Lindsey, P., Locke, H., Lovejoy, T.E., Madgwick, P., Malhi, Y., Malmer, P., Maron, M., Mayorga, J., van Meijl, H., Miller, D., Molnar, Z., Mueller, N., Mukherjee, N., Naidoo, R., Nakamura, K., Nepal, P., Noss, R.F., O’Leary, B., Olson, D., Palcios Abrantes, J., Paxton, M., Popp, A., Possingham, H., Prestemon, J., Reside, A., Robinson, C., Robinson, J., Sala, E., Scherrer, K., Spalding, M., Spenceley, A., Steenbeck, J., Stehfest, E., Strassborg, B., Sumaila, R., Swinnerton, K., Sze, J., Tittensor, D., Toivonen, T., Toledo, A., Negret Torres, P., van Zeist, W.-J., Vause, J., Venter, O., Vilela, T., Visconti, P., Vynne, C., Watson, R., Watson, J., Wikramanayake, E., Williams, B., Wintle, B., Woodley, S., Wu, W., Zander, K., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y.P., and Theoretical and Computational Ecology (IBED, FNWI)

Abstract

The World Economic Forum (WEF) and Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) have both identified biodiversity loss as one of the main threats to global economic prosperity. In particular, this high-level warning specifies that any further loss of natural habitats and biodiversity will cause extensive and costly flooding, climate change, disease emergence and ill health, clean water shortages, loss of crop pollination, decline in productivity, and numerous other risks. All of these negative outcomes are the consequence of degrading the natural infrastructure that supports human economic activity and wellbeing. One of the main policy instruments to slow the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of nature is the creation of protected or conservation areas (simple examples being a Nature Reserve or Marine Reserve). Currently, ~16% of the land and 7.4% of the ocean is in areas designated or proposed for protection (although only 2.5% of the ocean is in highly/fully protected areas). This level of protection is widely acknowledged as being inadequate to achieve biodiversity protection goals. One of the headline proposals for the 15th meeting of the Conference of Parties to the CBD, and Action Target 2 of the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework, is to increase the area covered by protected areas (PAs) and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs) to 30% of the planet by 2030, including both land and water protection.

Published
2020

39. Areas of global importance for terrestrial biodiversity, carbon, and water

Author

Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., García-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B.L., Enquist, B.J., Feng, X., Gallagher, R.V., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Hanson, J.O., Jetz, W., Di Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D., Sachs, J.D., Lesiv, M., Adams, V., Andrew, S.C., Burger, J.R., Hannah, L., Marquet, P.A., McCarthy, J.K., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E.A., Park, D.S., Roehrdanz, P.R., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, J.J., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B.B.N., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., Visconti, P., Jung, M., Arnell, A., de Lamo, X., García-Rangel, S., Lewis, M., Mark, J., Merow, C., Miles, L., Ondo, I., Pironon, S., Ravilious, C., Rivers, M., Shchepashchenko, D., Tallowin, O., van Soesbergen, A., Govaerts, R., Boyle, B.L., Enquist, B.J., Feng, X., Gallagher, R.V., Maitner, B., Meiri, S., Mulligan, M., Ofer, G., Hanson, J.O., Jetz, W., Di Marco, M., McGowan, J., Rinnan, D., Sachs, J.D., Lesiv, M., Adams, V., Andrew, S.C., Burger, J.R., Hannah, L., Marquet, P.A., McCarthy, J.K., Morueta-Holme, N., Newman, E.A., Park, D.S., Roehrdanz, P.R., Svenning, J.-C., Violle, C., Wieringa, J.J., Wynne, G., Fritz, S., Strassburg, B.B.N., Obersteiner, M., Kapos, V., Burgess, N., Schmidt-Traub, G., and Visconti, P.

Abstract

To meet the ambitious objectives of biodiversity and climate conventions, countries and the international community require clarity on how these objectives can be operationalized spatially, and multiple targets be pursued concurrently1. To support governments and political conventions, spatial guidance is needed to identify which areas should be managed for conservation to generate the greatest synergies between biodiversity and nature’s contribution to people (NCP). Here we present results from a joint optimization that maximizes improvements in species conservation status, carbon retention and water provisioning and rank terrestrial conservation priorities globally. We found that, selecting the top-ranked 30% (respectively 50%) of areas would conserve 62.4% (86.8%) of the estimated total carbon stock and 67.8% (90.7%) of all clean water provisioning, in addition to improving the conservation status for 69.7% (83.8%) of all species considered. If priority was given to biodiversity only, managing 30% of optimally located land area for conservation may be sufficient to improve the conservation status of 86.3% of plant and vertebrate species on Earth. Our results provide a global baseline on where land could be managed for conservation. We discuss how such a spatial prioritisation framework can support the implementation of the biodiversity and climate conventions.

Published
2020

40. Set ambitious goals for biodiversity and sustainability

Author

Diaz, S, Zafra-Calvo, N., Purvis, A., Verburg, P. H., Obura, D., Leadley, P., Chaplin-Kramer, R., De Meester, L., Dulloo, E., Martín-López, B., Shaw, M. R., Visconti, P., Broadgate, W., Bruford, M. W., Burgess, N. D., Cavender- Bares, J., DeClerck, F., Fernández-Palacio, J. M., Garibaldi, L. A., Hill, S. L. L., Isbell, F., Khoury, C. K., Krug, C. B, Liu, J., Maron, M., McGowan, P. J. K., Pereira, H. M., Reyes-García, V., Rocha, J., Rondinini, C., Shannon, L., Snelgrove, P. V. R., Shin, Y. J., Speh, E. M., Strassburg, B., Subramanian, S. M., Tewksbury, J. J., Watson, J. E. M., Zanne, A. E., Diaz, S, Zafra-Calvo, N., Purvis, A., Verburg, P. H., Obura, D., Leadley, P., Chaplin-Kramer, R., De Meester, L., Dulloo, E., Martín-López, B., Shaw, M. R., Visconti, P., Broadgate, W., Bruford, M. W., Burgess, N. D., Cavender- Bares, J., DeClerck, F., Fernández-Palacio, J. M., Garibaldi, L. A., Hill, S. L. L., Isbell, F., Khoury, C. K., Krug, C. B, Liu, J., Maron, M., McGowan, P. J. K., Pereira, H. M., Reyes-García, V., Rocha, J., Rondinini, C., Shannon, L., Snelgrove, P. V. R., Shin, Y. J., Speh, E. M., Strassburg, B., Subramanian, S. M., Tewksbury, J. J., Watson, J. E. M., and Zanne, A. E.

Abstract

Global biodiversity policy is at a crossroads. Recent global assessments of living nature (1, 2) and climate (3) show worsening trends and a rapidly narrowing window for action. The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has recently announced that none of the 20 Aichi targets for biodiversity it set in 2010 has been reached and only six have been partially achieved (4). Against this backdrop, nations are now negotiating the next generation of the CBD's global goals [see supplementary materials (SM)], due for adoption in 2021, which will frame actions of governments and other actors for decades to come. In response to the goals proposed in the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) made public by the CBD (5), we urge negotiators to consider three points that are critical if the agreed goals are to stabilize or reverse nature's decline. First, multiple goals are required because of nature's complexity, with different facets—genes, populations, species, deep evolutionary history, ecosystems, and their contributions to people—having markedly different geographic distributions and responses to human drivers. Second, interlinkages among these facets mean that goals must be defined and developed holistically rather than in isolation, with potential to advance multiple goals simultaneously and minimize trade-offs between them. Third, only the highest level of ambition in setting each goal, and implementing all goals in an integrated manner, will give a realistic chance of stopping—and beginning to reverse—biodiversity loss by 2050.

Published
2020

41. Protecting 30% of the planet for nature: costs, benefits and economic implications

Author

Waldron, A., Adams, V., Allan, J., Arnell, A., Asner, G., Atkinson, S., Baccini, A., Baillie, J., Balmford, A., Austin Beau, J., Brander, L., Brondizio, E., Bruner, A., Burgess, N., Burkart, K., Butchart, S., Button, R., Carrasco, R., Cheung, W., Christensen, V., Clements, A., Coll, M., di Marco, M., Deguignet, M., Dinerstein, E., Ellis, E., Eppink, F., Ervin, J., Escobedo, A., Fa, J., Fernandes-Llamazares, A., Fernando, S., Fujimori, S., Fulton, B., Garnett, S., Gerber, J., Gill, D., Gopalakrishna, T., Hahn, N., Halpern, B., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Heikinheimo, V., Heneghan, R., Henry, E., Humpenoder, F., Jonas, H., Jones, K., Joppa, L., Joshi, A., Jung, M., Kingston, N., Klein, C., Krisztin, T., Lam, V., Leclere, D., Lindsey, P., Locke, H., Lovejoy, T., Madgwick, P., Malhi, Y., Malmer, P., Maron, M., Mayorga, J., van Meijl, H., Miller, D., Molnar, Z., Mueller, N., Mukherjee, N., Naidoo, R., Nakamura, K., Nepal, P., Noss, R., O’Leary, B., Olson, D., Palcios Abrantes, J., Paxton, M., Popp, A., Possingham, H., Prestemon, J., Reside, A., Robinson, C., Robinson, J., Sala, E., Scherrer, K., Spalding, M., Spenceley, A., Steenbeck, J., Stehfest, E., Strassborg, B., Sumaila, R., Swinnerton, K., Sze, J., Tittensor, D., Toivonen, T., Toledo, A., Negret Torres, P., Van Zeist, W., Vause, J., Venter, O., Vilela, T., Visconti, P., Vynne, C., Watson, R., Watson, J., Wikramanayake, E., Williams, B., Wintle, B., Woodley, S., Wu, W., Zander, K., Zhang, Y., Waldron, A., Adams, V., Allan, J., Arnell, A., Asner, G., Atkinson, S., Baccini, A., Baillie, J., Balmford, A., Austin Beau, J., Brander, L., Brondizio, E., Bruner, A., Burgess, N., Burkart, K., Butchart, S., Button, R., Carrasco, R., Cheung, W., Christensen, V., Clements, A., Coll, M., di Marco, M., Deguignet, M., Dinerstein, E., Ellis, E., Eppink, F., Ervin, J., Escobedo, A., Fa, J., Fernandes-Llamazares, A., Fernando, S., Fujimori, S., Fulton, B., Garnett, S., Gerber, J., Gill, D., Gopalakrishna, T., Hahn, N., Halpern, B., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Heikinheimo, V., Heneghan, R., Henry, E., Humpenoder, F., Jonas, H., Jones, K., Joppa, L., Joshi, A., Jung, M., Kingston, N., Klein, C., Krisztin, T., Lam, V., Leclere, D., Lindsey, P., Locke, H., Lovejoy, T., Madgwick, P., Malhi, Y., Malmer, P., Maron, M., Mayorga, J., van Meijl, H., Miller, D., Molnar, Z., Mueller, N., Mukherjee, N., Naidoo, R., Nakamura, K., Nepal, P., Noss, R., O’Leary, B., Olson, D., Palcios Abrantes, J., Paxton, M., Popp, A., Possingham, H., Prestemon, J., Reside, A., Robinson, C., Robinson, J., Sala, E., Scherrer, K., Spalding, M., Spenceley, A., Steenbeck, J., Stehfest, E., Strassborg, B., Sumaila, R., Swinnerton, K., Sze, J., Tittensor, D., Toivonen, T., Toledo, A., Negret Torres, P., Van Zeist, W., Vause, J., Venter, O., Vilela, T., Visconti, P., Vynne, C., Watson, R., Watson, J., Wikramanayake, E., Williams, B., Wintle, B., Woodley, S., Wu, W., Zander, K., and Zhang, Y.

Abstract

Working paper analysing the economic implications of the proposed 30% target for areal protection in the draft post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

Published
2020

42. Reversing terrestrial biodiversity declines due to habitat loss: a multi-model assessment

Author

Leclere, D., Obersteiner, M., Alkemade, R., Almond, R., Barrett, M., Bunting, G., Burgess, N., Butchart, S., Chaudhary, A., Cornell, S., De Palma, A., DeClerck, F., Di Fulvio, F., Di Marco, M., Doelman, J., Dürauer, M., Ferrier, S., Freeman, R., Fritz, S., Fujimori, S., Grooten, M., Harfoot, M., Harwood, T., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hellweg, S., Herrero, M., Hilbers, J., Hill, S., Hoskins, A., Humpenöder, F., Kram, T., Krisztin, T., Lotze-Campen, H., Mace, G., Matsui, T., Meyer, C., Nel, D., Newbold, T., Ohashi, H., Popp, A., Purvis, A., Schipper, A., Schmidt-Traub, G., Stehfest, E., Strassburg, B., Tabeau, A., Valin, H., van Meijl, H., van Vuuren, D., van Zeist, W., Visconti, P., Ware, C., Watson, J., Wu, W., and Young, L.

Published
2019

43. The efficacy and safety of the EMS Lithoclast Trilogy: A European multicenter prospective study on behalf of ESUT

Author

Wiseman, O., primary, Tanse, F., additional, Saeb-Parsy, K., additional, Atassi, N., additional, Endriss, R., additional, Kamphuis, G., additional, Pèrez Fentes, D., additional, Hassan, M., additional, Brehmer, M., additional, Osther, P., additional, Jung, H., additional, Turney, B., additional, Finch, W., additional, Burgess, N., additional, Irving, S., additional, Liatsikos, E., additional, Knoll, T., additional, and Cauni, V., additional

Published
2020
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44. P507 Ustekinumab: Medium-term outcomes from a UK multicentre real-world cohort

Author

Gadhok, R, primary, Fragkos, K, additional, Honap, S, additional, Hassan, J, additional, Whiteley, L, additional, Ibarra, A, additional, Burgess, N, additional, Vega, R, additional, Seward, E, additional, Mehta, S, additional, McCartney, S, additional, Bloom, S, additional, Parkes, G, additional, Irving, P, additional, Lindsay, J O, additional, Kok, K B, additional, and Rahman, F, additional

Published
2020
Full Text
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45. Bending the curve on terrestrial biodiversity loss: a multi model assessment

Author

Leclere, D., Obersteiner, M., Alkemade, R., Almond, R., Barrett, M., Bunting, G., Burgess, N., Butchart, S., Chaudhary, A., Cornell, S., De Palma, A., DeClerck, F., Di Fulvio, F., Di Marco, M., Doelman, J., Dürauer, M., Ferrier, S., Freeman, R., Fritz, S., Fujimori, S., Grooten, M., Harfoot, M., Harwood, T., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hellweg, S., Herrero, M., Hilbers, J., Hill, S., Hoskins, A., Humpenöder, F., Kram, T., Krisztin, T., Lotze-Campen, H., Mace, G., Matsui, T., Meyer, C., Nel, D., Newbold, T., Ohashi, H., Popp, A., Purvis, A., Schipper, A., Schmidt-Traub, G., Stehfest, E., Strassburg, B., Tabeau, A., Valin, H., van Meijl, H., van Vuuren, D., van Zeist, W., Visconti, P., Ware, C., Watson, J., Wu, W., and Young, L.

Published
2018

46. A hypomorphic allele of SLC35D1 results in Schneckenbecken-like dysplasia

Author

Rautengarten, C, Quarrell, OW, Stals, K, Caswell, RC, De Franco, E, Baple, E, Burgess, N, Jokhi, R, Heazlewood, JL, Offiah, AC, Ebert, B, Ellard, S, Rautengarten, C, Quarrell, OW, Stals, K, Caswell, RC, De Franco, E, Baple, E, Burgess, N, Jokhi, R, Heazlewood, JL, Offiah, AC, Ebert, B, and Ellard, S

Abstract

We report the case of a consanguineous couple who lost four pregnancies associated with skeletal dysplasia. Radiological examination of one fetus was inconclusive. Parental exome sequencing showed that both parents were heterozygous for a novel missense variant, p.(Pro133Leu), in the SLC35D1 gene encoding a nucleotide sugar transporter. The affected fetus was homozygous for the variant. The radiological features were reviewed, and being similar, but atypical, the phenotype was classified as a 'Schneckenbecken-like dysplasia.' The effect of the missense change was assessed using protein modelling techniques and indicated alterations in the mouth of the solute channel. A detailed biochemical investigation of SLC35D1 transport function and that of the missense variant p.(Pro133Leu) revealed that SLC35D1 acts as a general UDP-sugar transporter and that the p.(Pro133Leu) mutation resulted in a significant decrease in transport activity. The reduced transport activity observed for p.(Pro133Leu) was contrasted with in vitro activity for SLC35D1 p.(Thr65Pro), the loss-of-function mutation was associated with Schneckenbecken dysplasia. The functional classification of SLC35D1 as a general nucleotide sugar transporter of the endoplasmic reticulum suggests an expanded role for this transporter beyond chondroitin sulfate biosynthesis to a variety of important glycosylation reactions occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Published
2019

47. A Global Deal for Nature:Guiding principles, milestones, and targets

Author

Dinerstein, E., Vynne, C., Sala, E., Joshi, A. R., Fernando, S., Lovejoy, T. E., Mayorga, J., Olson, D., Asner, G. P., Baillie, J. E.M., Burgess, N. D., Burkart, K., Noss, R. F., Zhang, Y. P., Baccini, A., Birch, T., Hahn, N., Joppa, L. N., Wikramanayake, E., Dinerstein, E., Vynne, C., Sala, E., Joshi, A. R., Fernando, S., Lovejoy, T. E., Mayorga, J., Olson, D., Asner, G. P., Baillie, J. E.M., Burgess, N. D., Burkart, K., Noss, R. F., Zhang, Y. P., Baccini, A., Birch, T., Hahn, N., Joppa, L. N., and Wikramanayake, E.

Abstract

The Global Deal for Nature (GDN) is a time-bound, science-driven plan to save the diversity and abundance of life on Earth. Pairing the GDN and the Paris Climate Agreement would avoid catastrophic climate change, conserve species, and secure essential ecosystem services. New findings give urgency to this union: Less than half of the terrestrial realm is intact, yet conserving all native ecosystems-coupled with energy transition measures-will be required to remain below a 1.5°C rise in average global temperature. The GDN targets 30% of Earth to be formally protected and an additional 20% designated as climate stabilization areas, by 2030, to stay below 1.5°C. We highlight the 67% of terrestrial ecoregions that can meet 30% protection, thereby reducing extinction threats and carbon emissions from natural reservoirs. Freshwater and marine targets included here extend the GDN to all realms and provide a pathway to ensuring a more livable biosphere.

Published
2019

49. Poorer without It? The Neglected Role of the Natural Environment in Poverty and Wellbeing

Author

Schleicher, J, Schaafsma, M, Burgess, N, Sandbrook, C, Danks, F, Cowie, C, Vira, B, Environmental Economics, Schleicher, Judith [0000-0001-7817-4295], Sandbrook, Chris [0000-0002-9938-4934], Vira, Bhaskar [0000-0001-7766-6773], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
human wellbeing, sustainable development, SDG 1 - No Poverty, natural environment, nature, ecosystem services, multidimensional poverty
Abstract

The relationship between sustainable development's prime goal, human wellbeing, and the natural environment has been narrowly conceived. This paper focuses on the possibility and the implications of treating the natural environment as a ‘constituent’, or internal element, of the concepts of wellbeing and poverty, as opposed to a ‘determinant’, or instrumental, external factor. Our review of philosophical accounts and conceptual frameworks of wellbeing and poverty suggests that treating the environment as a constituent element is philosophically sound, conceptually robust and empirically grounded. We argue that failing to consider these missing environmental aspects can result in an incomplete capturing of the multiple dimensions of wellbeing and poverty, and their underlying drivers. This broader framing of the environment–wellbeing relationship has the potential to inform a new generation of individual level wellbeing and poverty indicators, creating measures of multidimensional poverty that reflect the broadened scope ambitiously articulated in the Sustainable Development Goals.

Published
2018

50. Towards pathways bending the curve terrestrial biodiversity trends within the 21st century

Author

Leclere, D., Obersteiner, M., Alkemade, R., Almond, R., Barrett, M., Bunting, G., Burgess, N., Butchart, S., Chaudhary, A., Cornell, S., De Palma, A., Declerck, F., Di Fulvio, F., Di Marco, M., Doelman, J., Durauer, M., Ferrier, S., Freeman, R., Fritz, S., Fujimori, S., Grooten, M., Harfoot, M., Harwood, T., Hasegawa, T., Havlik, P., Hellweg, S., Herrero, M., Hilbers, J., Hill, S., Hoskins, A., Humpenöder, F., Kram, T., Krisztin, T., Lotze-Campen, H., Mace, G., Matsui, T., Meyer, C., Nel, D., Newbold, T., Ohashi, H., Popp, A., Purvis, A., Schipper, A., Schmidt-Traub, G., Stehfest, E., Strassburg, B., Tabeau, A., Valin, H., Van Meijl, H., Van Vuuren, D., Van Zeist, W., Visconti, P., Ware, C., Watson, J., Wu, W., and Young, L.

Subjects
land-use change, scenarios, biodiversity
Published
2018

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