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Context: Unanticipated admissions following ambulatory surgery significantly affect hospital admission and operation room flow. Most of the factors responsible for unanticipated admission following ambulatory surgery were preventable. It is, therefore, crucial to improve patient selection criteria and to identify the risk factors for unanticipated admission during preoperative period. These unanticipated admissions have now been considered as quality care indicator and a target to improve healthcare costs. Aims: To assess the reasons and risk factors for unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery. Settings and Design: Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods and Materials: In this case-control study, cases who were re-admitted within 48 hours following ambulatory surgery were included. The convenience sampling was used to identify controls. Data including patients' demographics, type of anesthesia and surgery, any intraoperative or postoperative complications, etc., were extracted. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics is used to summarize the study variables. Mean and standard deviation were used for quantitative variables. Percentage and frequencies were used for qualitative variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess risk factors for unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery. Results: There were 153 cases and 147 controls in this study. The study found postoperative pain as the most common reason for re-admission after ambulatory surgery followed by bleeding, fever, and asthma exacerbation. Multivariate logistic regression showed age, BMI more than 40, and presence of respiratory disease as risk factors (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Age, high BMI more than 40, and presence of respiratory disease increase the risk of unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery.

Jingning Yang,1 Rashid Menhas,2 Jianhui Dai,1 Tehmina Younas,3 Usama Anwar,4 Waseem Iqbal,4 Rizwan Ahmed Laar,5 Muhammad Muddasar Saeed6 1School of Physical Education, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Research Center of Sports Social Sciences, School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Social Security Hospital Gujrat, Punjab, Islamic Republic of Pakistan; 4School of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 5College of Physical Education, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 6International Education College Chinese and Western Medicine Clinic, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Rashid MenhasResearch Center of Sports Social Sciences, School of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail menhas.r@yahoo.comJianhui DaiSchool of Physical Education and Sports, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail sddjh@suda.edu.cnBackground: During the COVID-19 pandemic, cellphone health apps and virtual reality fitness for treating neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s were beneficial. Virtual reality has been used to treat PTSD, depression, anxieties, dementia, ADHD, dyslexia, and pain control in various settings. Virtual reality exercise has been studied for its effects on biological, mental, rehabilitation, behavior, and attitude management.Purpose: This research aimed to find out the role of virtual reality fitness (VRF) for behavior management during the COVID-19 pandemic concerning the demographic characteristics of the study participants and the use of fitness and health apps.Methods: The population for the current study was Chinese residents across China who were in home isolation during the early pandemic in China. According to the study objective, a convenience sampling method was used to collect the primary data through an online survey. SPSS-25 statistical software was used to analyze the demographic information and clean and prepare the data to test all proposed hypotheses. The proposed research framework was examined using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach through SmartPLS 3.0 software.Results: The structural equation model analysis shows that all the proposed hypotheses (H1: β = 0.137, t = 10.454, p = < 0.000; H2: β = 0.256, t = 16.824, p = < 0.000; H3: β = 0.418, t = 27.827, p = < 0.000; H4: β = 0.133, t = 8.913, p = < 0.000; H5: β = 0.076, t = 4.717, p = < 0.000; H6: β = 0.162, t = 10.532, p = < 0.000; H7: β = 0.384, t = 26.645, p = < 0.000) are confirmed.Conclusion: Fitness and health apps with virtual reality fitness play a substantial role in improving the overall quality of life and positively influencing behavior and attitude.Keywords: COVID-19, virtual reality fitness, demographic status, fitness and health apps, behavior and attitude

Background: Various scoring systems help in classifying the patient's risk preoperatively and hence to decide the best available treatment option. ACS-NSQIP score has been introduced in clinical practice for few years. This study was done to find out whether there is any difference between predicted mortality from ACS-NSQIP score and observed mortality in Saudi population. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We included patients undergoing elective and emergency surgical procedures in our hospital. Thirty days mortality data was collected and then observed to expected (O/E) mortality ratio was calculated. The sample size for our study was nine hundred and three (903) patients. Results: The mean ACS-NSQIP mortality risk score (%) for the study was 0.49. Expected number of mortalities was 4.42 while observed mortalities were 11, yielding an O/E ratio of 2.48 (p-value 0.000). We did not find a significant difference between expected and observed mortalities except for ASA class 3 and 4 patients where expected numbers of mortalities were lower than observed (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: ACS-NSQIP can be reliably used for postoperative mortality prediction especially in lower risk groups.

Context: Preoperative fasting is one of the pre‑requisite for patients undergoing a surgery. Despite clear instructions, patients frequently fast for extended periods before elective surgeries. Longer periods of fasting may cause discomfort, thirst, hunger, and other physiological problems. Aims: To assess the quality of postoperative recovery among adult patients having different preoperative fasting hours by using the postoperative Quality of Recovery40 (QoR40) score. Settings and Design: This was an observational study that was conducted for adult patients undergoing elective surgery during four weeks between 19th September and 13th October 2022 at Security Forces Hospital Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methods and Material: We excluded pediatric patients, patients undergoing spine or neurosurgery, emergency cases, or local anesthesia cases. Non‑probability convenient sampling technique was used in this study. The postoperative quality of recovery‑40 (QoR‑40) questionnaire was distributed among 200 patients. Statistical Analysis Used: All analyses were performed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (SPSS) v25. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, median, and IQR) were used for the questionnaire’s variables. The difference between the variables was analyzed using Kruskal‑Wallis, and a P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Out of 200 patients, 172 patients responded but 16 responses were excluded. A total of 156 adult patients’ responses were included in this study. The majority were female (53%), 31% were older than 45 years. More than 50% of patients reported fasting for more than 6 hours for drinking and more than 8 hours for eating. On the positive scale, the comfort score was significantly affected by the fasting hours for drinking (P value = 0.045). On the negative scale of the questionnaire, the emotions were significantly affected by fasting hours for both drinking (P value = 0.027) and eating (P value = 0.043). Conclusions: The study results showed better comfort for patients with lesser fasting hours for drinking. Moreover, the results strongly suggest the need of following the fasting guidelines without prolonging the fasting duration. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known that hydrogen has less undesirable exhaust emissions as compared with other types of liquid fuels. It can be used as an alternative fuel for a hybrid buoyant aircraft in which half of the gross takeoff weight is balanced by the aerostatic lift. In the present study, weight advantage of liquid hydrogen as an ideal fuel has been explored for its further utilization in such aircraft. Existing relationships for the estimation of zero lift drag of airship is discussed with special focus on the utilization of such analytical relationships for the aircraft whose fuselage resembles with the hull of an airship. Taking the analytical relationship of aircraft and airship design as a reference, existing relationships for estimation of power budget are systematically re-derived for defined constraints of rate of climb, maximum velocity and takeoff ground roll. It is perceived that when the propulsion sizing for liquid hydrogen is required, then the presented framework for estimation of its power budget will provide a starting point for the analysis. An example for estimation of the power requirement is also presented as a test case.

Directional stability characteristics explain the capabilities of a hybrid buoyant aircraft’s performance against the side wind, which induces flow separation that is chaotic in nature and may lead to oscillations of the aerodynamic surfaces. A numerical study is carried out to estimate the effect of side wind. The boundary conditions for the computational domain are set to velocity inlet and pressure outlet. Due to the incompressible flow at the cruise velocity, the density is taken to be constant. For these steady state simulations, the time is discretized in first order implicit and the SIMPLE scheme is employed for pressure velocity coupling alongwith k-ω SST model. Based on the results obtained so far, it is concluded that voluminous hybrid lifting fuselage is the major cause of directional.

Dorsal fin is used in swimming animals like shark for the generation of thrust as well as to meet the requirement of the lateral stability. In the case of aircraft, rudders are normally used for the said requirement. In the present work, this nature inspired idea is explored for its application to neutralize the unavoidable asymmetric thrust produced by the twin engines of a hybrid buoyant aircraft. First, the estimation of asymmetric thrust is obtained with the help of analytical techniques for maximum thrust condition at 4 degree angle of attack. The moment generated by it is utilized for the sizing of a dorsal fin which looks similar to a tapered wing and is placed aft of the center of gravity. Wind tunnel testing at subsonic speed is carried out to explore the design features of this rotatable dorsal fin. It is found that a small rotation of 5 degree can generate the required moment. However, such rotation requires a complete pneumatic/electro-mechanical system and an alternative of it is to use a cambered airfoil for the dorsal fin installed at fixed location. Such a flow controlling device can also be used as an antenna mast, which is commonly installed out the fuselage of the aircraft for communication purposes. Moreover, by incorporating this technique, a pilot doesn’t have to put an extra effort to make the aircraft stable in the presence of side wind.

Wing alone models are usually tested in wind tunnels for aerospace applications like aircraft and hybrid buoyant aircraft. Raw data obtained from such testing is subject to different corrections such as wall interference, blockage, offset in angle of attack, dynamic pressure and free stream velocity etc. Since the flow is constrained by wind tunnel walls, therefore special emphasis is required to deliberate the limitation of correction methods for blockage correction. In the present research work, different aspects of existing correction methods are explored with the help of an example of a straight semi-span wing. Based on the results of analytical relationships of standard methods, it was found that although multiple variables are involved in the standard methods for the estimation of blockage, they are based on linearized flow theory such as source sink method and potential flow assumption etc, which have intrinsic limitations. Based on the computed and estimated experimental results, it is recommended to obtain the corrections by adding the difference in results of solid walls and far-field condition in the wind tunnel data. Computational Fluid Dynamics technique is found to be useful to determine the correction factors for a wing installed at zero spacer height/gap, with and without the tunnel wall.

Wood anatomy of 15-year-old Acacia mangium, Khaya ivorensis and Hopea odorata were studied. Trees were extracted from three different localities which were Bukit Hari, Forest Research Institute Malaysia with Renggam series soil, Bidor, Perak an examining land and Setiu, Pahang with bris soil. The results showed that the Khaya ivorensis and Hopea odorata trees planted in Bidor showed better in anatomical properties compared to other localities. Whereas the Acacia mangium tree planted in the Bukit Hari showed better anatomical properties than the other localities. This indicates that different localities and their soil conditions could affect the wood anatomical properties. Khaya ivorensis and Hopea odorata shows better anatomical properties in the ex-mining soil compared to other localities whilst Acacia mangium show better in anatomical properties in Renggam series soil compared to other localities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The major problem in cotton-wheat cropping system is delayed harvesting of cotton which results in late planting of wheat. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted on relay wheat in standing cotton that comprised of three different seeding densities (100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1) and four seed soaking durations (0, 6, 12 and 18 hours). The experiment was designed in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement having three replications. The interactive effect of seed rates and seed soaking duration on emergence count, leaf area index, spikelet's per spike, grains per spike and grain yield were significant. Wheat sown with seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 and 12 hrs of seed soaking produced significantly higher yield than all other combinations except for 125 kg ha-1seed rate and 12 and 18 hrs of seed soakings. In conclusion, the productivity of relay wheat in standing cotton can be enhanced by using seed rate of 150 kg ha-1 along with seed soaking duration of 12 hours [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marble Slurry Wastes (MSW) produced by marble industry is left unattended in the environment which causes serious environmental problems. In order to evaluate its potential usage in normal 1:2:4 concrete, this study was designed, where the partial replacement of cement with MSW was examined. Replacement of cement with MSW from 0 to 100%, and also its usage as an additive material 10% and 20% by weight of cement were the main objectives of this study. Various laboratory tests, like compressive strength test, splitting tensile test and slump test were conducted by using local available MSW. The primary chemical composition of the MSW indicated that it contains high contents, nearly 97% of lime (CaO). The laboratory results show that cement in structural concrete can be replaced by MSW up to 7% safely. The compressive and splitting tensile strength of concrete was observed to be increased by 15% and 6% by the addition of 10% MSW. A similarly increase in strength was also observed by adding the 20% of MSW additionally to the normal 1:2:4 concrete. However, by the addition of MSW in concrete, its slump strength i.e., its workability is found to be reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of 3-ply phenolic-treated plybamboo influenced by treatment methods, namely, impregnation and soaking for 30, 60 and 90 min. Medium molecular weight phenol formaldehyde (MMwPF) resin with 1500 g mol-1 was applied to bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii) slivers of 2-mm thickness following resin treatments. The phenolic-treated bamboo slivers were precured at 60 °C for 6 hours, followed by hot pressing at 140 °C for 15 min to produce a 3-ply phenolic-treated plybamboo. Untreated boards were prepared using commercial phenol formaldehyde resin as binder. Use of MMwPF resin increased the density of boards. Modulus of rupture and impact resistance of the samples were significantly affected (p ≤ 0.01) by treatment methods but treatment duration did not show any significant effect. Reduced water absorption, thickness swelling and linear expansion suggested improved dimensional stability of the phenolic-treated sample. Treatment with phenolic resin markedly increased anti-shrinkage efficiency at p ≤ 0.05. Impregnation was more effective compared with soaking method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalysis using solar energy and semiconductors is widely used in the purification of air and the processing of wastewater. Present study deal with cost-effective GO synthesis, supporting NiO/Fe3O4 ternary nanocomposites; for the rapid photocatalytic degradation of the Rhodamine B Dye. For this purpose, nickel oxide nanoparticles and iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method. Synthesis of graphene oxide was done by using modified hummers method. These trimetallic nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction Crystallography (XRD) for structure, shape and composition determination. The photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye was conducted and various parameters like catalyst amount, dye concentration, pH and contact time optimization were performed to evaluate dye degradation efficiency of Fe3O4/NiO/Graphene trimetallic nanoparticles. Kinetic models were studied to check degradation rate and Pseudo 1st order kinetic model was most suitable to the experimental data of dye degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstrip crescent antennas offer compactness, conformability, low profile, high sensitivity, multi-band operability, cost-effectiveness and ease of fabrication in contrast to bulky, rigid horn, helical and Vivaldi antennas. This work presents crescent sensors for monitoring brain pathology associated with stroke and atrophy. Single- and multi-element crescent sensors are designed and validated by software simulations. The fabricated sensors are integrated with glasses and experimentally evaluated using a realistic brain phantom. The performance of the sensors is compared in terms of peak gain, directivity, radiation performance, flexibility and detection capability. The crescent sensors can detect the pathologies through the monitoring of backscattered electromagnetic signals that are triggered by dielectric variations in the affected tissues. The proposed sensors can effectively detect stroke and brain atrophy targets with a volume of 25 mm 3 and 56 mm 3 , respectively. The safety of the sensors is examined through the evaluation of Specific Absorption Rate (peak SAR < 1.25 W/Kg, 100 mW), temperature increase within brain tissues (max: 0.155 °C, min: 0.115 °C) and electric field analysis. The results suggest that the crescent sensors can provide a flexible, portable and non-invasive solution to monitor degenerative brain pathology.

A simple hydrothermal technique and in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer yield the functionalized NiO@C@PPy nanomaterial for electromagnetic shielding applications. The crystal structure, morphology, dielectric and electromagnetic shielding (EMI) performance in the X-band (8.2-12.4 GHz) is thoroughly studied. Impedance spectroscopy is utilized to study the electrical response of a NiO@C@PPy pellet. This study focuses on the modulations of relaxation time with frequency at different temperatures. In the NiO@C@PPy composite, a semiconductor-to-metal transition (SMT) is observed, at 328 K. The conduction mechanism of NiO@C@PPy is explained based on the carrier hopping transport model in Ni 2+ and Ni 3+ ions. It is evident from the activation energy value (Ea ≈ 0.32 eV) determined from impedance, conductivity, and dielectric data that the relaxation and conduction processes correspond to the same electro-active region. Using the variable range hopping (VRH) model localization length of the carrier is calculated to be 1.56 Å. The NiO@C@PPy sample demonstrated enhanced conductivity and low dielectric values which are vital in EMI shielding applications. Consequently, the electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness is found to be 21.9 dB of NiO@C@PPy in the X-band frequency range. This composite material is a good candidate for high frequency shielding applications., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation of spouse selection with short tandem repeats (STRs) in DNA and with the number of fingertip lunulae to investigate the role of heredity in spouse selection., Methods: We randomly selected a total of 286 couples (husband and wife) as a couple group while 200 paired subjects (a man randomly matched with a woman as a pair of subjects) were selected as a non-spouse group for DNA typing, and to investigate lunulae in spouse selection, a total of 554 couples were selected as a couple group and 500 pairs of subjects were selected as a control group., Results: A significant difference of STR matching number (a large value implies a higher genetic similarity) between spouse group and non-spouse group were observed (12.3 ± 2.7 vs. 11.8 ± 2.6; p < 0.05). A significant difference of the lunula matching number (difference of lunula counts between a paired subjects, a lower value implies a higher genetic similarity) between two groups were also observed for the lunula counts (1.55 ± 1.88 vs. 3.53 ± 2.40; p < 0.01)., Conclusion: Significant and unprecedented relationships were found between the couples and polymorphic STRs, and between spouse selection and lunula counts. Polymorphic STRs and fingertip lunulae counts provide an initial insight into the potentially important contributions that genetic characteristics may play a key role in spouse selection., (© 2023. Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society.)

Vascular dementia is the second most common form of dementia and a leading cause of death. Brain stroke and brain atrophy are the major degenerative pathologies associated with vascular dementia. Timely detection of these progressive pathologies is critical to avoid brain damage. Brain imaging is an important diagnostic tool and determines future treatment options available to the patient. Traditional medical technologies are expensive, require extensive supervision and are not easily accessible. This article presents a novel concept of low- complexity wearable sensing system for the detection of brain stroke and brain atrophy using RF sensors. This multimodal RF sensing system provides a first-of-its-kind RF sensing solution for the detection of cerebral blood density variations and blood clots at an initial stage of neurodegeneration. A customized microwave imaging algorithm is presented for the reconstruction of images in affected areas of the brain. Designs are validated using software simulations and hardware modeling. Fabricated sensors are experimentally validated and can effectively detect blood density variation (1050 ± 50 Kg/m 3 ), artificial stroke targets with a volume of 27 mm 3 and density of 1025-1050 Kg/m 3 , and brain atrophy with a cavity of 58 mm 3 within a realistic brain phantom. The safety of the proposed wearable RF sensing system is studied through the evaluation of the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR < 1.4 W/Kg, 100 mW) and thermal conductivity of the brain (<0.152 °C). The results indicate that the device is viable as an efficient, portable, and low-cost substitute for vascular dementia detection.

Hand burns are common and treatment individualized, however given large volumes in some centers, pattern recognition may help optimize service provision. We performed a single center retrospective review from 2014 to 2018 of hand burns in patients aged 16 and over. Burns confined to the hands were considered isolated. We found 1163 patients (790 male, 68%), with 853 isolated (9% bilateral) and 310 non-isolated (35% bilateral) hand burns, and 12% were sustained in industrial workplaces. Most isolated burns received first aid (72%) and were scalds (41%) or contact (23%). Many presented to hospital by car (73%) and most were treated as outpatients (92%). Non-isolated burns were mainly flash (38%) or flame burns (25%, p < 0.01), with 66% given first aid, 49% used ambulances (p < 0.01) and 54% underwent hospital admission (p < 0.01). Non-isolated injuries had more full thickness involvement (p < 0.01), 13% were resuscitation burns and 10% received intensive care. Isolated and non-isolated burns are distinct clinical entities, as are unilateral and bilateral injuries. Isolated burns are usually unilateral scalds or contact burns, suited to outpatient treatment. Non-isolated burns are often flash or flame, bilateral, often needing ambulances, admission, and interventions. First aid can be improved, and consideration given to inpatient rehabilitation of bilateral hand burns., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest None., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd and ISBI. All rights reserved.)

The current study was conducted to evaluate the effects of stored wheat-based diet (1.5 and 2.5 years stored wheat) with and without the supplementation of xylanase and phytase enzymes in combination or individually on performance parameters, digestibility, digesta viscosity and carcass characteristics of broilers. For this purpose, a total of 640-day-old male broilers were randomly distributed to the 64 pens, and each pen had 10 birds. Two basal isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets contained 1.5 and 2.5 years stored wheat were formulated in this experiment. In the current study, experimental feeds were prepared by supplementing exogenous enzymes in both basal diets with xylanase (500 XU), phytase (500 FTU) alone or in a combination of phytase and xylanase. Performance parameters data represents that both in starter phase and finisher phase, inclusion of exogenous enzymes xylanase and phytase in both basal diets alone or in combination enhance the feed intake, and body weight gain (p < 0.05) and improve the feed conversion ratio in overall phase (p < 0.05). Similarly, supplementation of exogenous xylanase and phytase alone or in combination enhance the nutrient digestibility and reduce the digesta viscosity (p < 0.05). Based on the results of this experiment, it is concluded that supplementation of exogenous xylanase and phytase enzymes alone or in combination in wheat-based diets (stored wheat 1.5 and 2.5 years) enhance and improves the performance of birds.

The increasing demand for searching highly efficient and robust technologies in the context of sustainable energy production totally rely onto the cost-effective energy efficient production technologies. Solar power technology in this regard will perceived to be extensively employed in a variety of ways in the future ahead, in terms of the combustion of petroleum-based pollutants, CO 2 reduction, heterogeneous photocatalysis, as well as the formation of unlimited and sustainable hydrogen gas production. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis is regarded as potentially sustainable solution in this context. g-C 3 N 4 is classified as non-metallic semiconductor to overcome this energy demand and enviromental challenges, because of its superior electronic configuration, which has a median band energy of around 2.7 eV, strong photocatalytic stability, and higher light performance. The photocatalytic performance of g-C 3 N 4 is perceived to be inadequate, owing to its small surface area along with high rate of charge recombination. However, various synthetic strategies were applied in order to incorporate g-C 3 N 4 with different guest materials to increase photocatalytic performance. After these fabrication approaches, the photocatalytic activity was enhanced owing to generation of photoinduced electrons and holes, by improving light absorption ability, and boosting surface area, which provides more space for photocatalytic reaction. In this review, various metals, non-metals, metals oxide, sulfides, and ferrites have been integrated with g-C 3 N 4 to form mono, bimetallic, heterojunction, Z-scheme, and S-scheme-based materials for boosting performance. Also, different varieties of g-C 3 N 4 were utilized for different aspects of photocatalytic application i. e., water reduction, water oxidation, CO 2 reduction, and photodegradation of dye pollutants, etc. As a consequence, we have assembled a summary of the latest g-C 3 N 4 based materials, their uses in solar energy adaption, and proper management of the environment. This research will further well explain the detail of the mechanism of all these photocatalytic processes for the next steps, as well as the age number of new insights in order to overcome the current challenges., (© 2022 The Chemical Society of Japan & Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Objective: To evaluate the spectrum of isolated hollow visceral perforations in patients presenting with abdominal blunt trauma., Methods: The observational, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted at the surgical ward of Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan from July 1, 2020, to June 31, 2021, and comprised patients who presented in the emergency department after blunt trauma to abdomen without any open wound. Findings of hollow visceral injury were confirmed on exploration laparotomy. Data was analysed using SPSS 26., Results: Of the 216 patients, 173(80.9%) were male and 43(19.9%) were female. The overall mean age was 42±9.7 years. Most of the blunt trauma abdomen cases were caused by motor vehicle accidents 59(27.3%). The most common hollow viscus affected was jejunum 42(19.4%), followed by transverse colon 29(13.4%). The most common type of injury observed was single complete disruption of hollow viscus 74(34.2%)., Conclusions: The most common hollow organ affected by blunt trauma to the abdomen was jejunum, followed by transverse colon, and motor vehicle accidents were the major cause of these injuries.

Well-organized water splitting semiconducting photocatalyst is an important concept, but stimulating aimed at decisive energy and environmental emergencies. In this context, visible light-based photocatalytic water splitting with low-dimensional semiconducting materials is proposed to produce sustainable energy. Here we optimized the sequential of organic electron-rich heterocyclic monomer namely benzothiadiazole (BTD) quenched within polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) semiconductor via copolymerization, thereby assembling a sanctum of donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) photocatalysts. The selection of BTD is based on the benzene ring, which consequently anticipating a π cross-linker unit for hydrogen and oxygen evolution. A hydrogen evolution rates (HER) of 88.2 μmol/h for pristine PCN and 744.2 μmol/h for PCN-BTD 008 (eight times higher than pure PCN) are observed. Additionally, a remarkable apparent quantum yield (AQY) of about 58.6% at 420 nm has been observed for PCN-BTD 008 . Likewise, the oxygen evolution rate (OER) data reflect the generation of 0.2 μmol/h 1 (visible) and 1.6 μmol/h 1 (non-visible) for pure PCN. Though, OER of PCN-BTD 008 is found to be 2.2 μmol/h 1 (visible) and 14.8 μmol/h 1 (non-visible), which are economically better than pure PCN. As such, the results show an important step toward modifying the design and explain a vital part of the D-π-A scheme at a balanced theme for fruitful photocatalysts intended for future demand., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Context: Unanticipated admissions following ambulatory surgery significantly affect hospital admission and operation room flow. Most of the factors responsible for unanticipated admission following ambulatory surgery were preventable. It is, therefore, crucial to improve patient selection criteria and to identify the risk factors for unanticipated admission during preoperative period. These unanticipated admissions have now been considered as quality care indicator and a target to improve healthcare costs., Aims: To assess the reasons and risk factors for unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery., Settings and Design: Security Forces Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia., Methods and Materials: In this case-control study, cases who were re-admitted within 48 hours following ambulatory surgery were included. The convenience sampling was used to identify controls. Data including patients' demographics, type of anesthesia and surgery, any intraoperative or postoperative complications, etc., were extracted., Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive statistics is used to summarize the study variables. Mean and standard deviation were used for quantitative variables. Percentage and frequencies were used for qualitative variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess risk factors for unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery., Results: There were 153 cases and 147 controls in this study. The study found postoperative pain as the most common reason for re-admission after ambulatory surgery followed by bleeding, fever, and asthma exacerbation. Multivariate logistic regression showed age, BMI more than 40, and presence of respiratory disease as risk factors ( P < 0.05)., Conclusions: Age, high BMI more than 40, and presence of respiratory disease increase the risk of unanticipated hospital admission after ambulatory surgery., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2022 Saudi Journal of Anesthesia.)