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Objective: Self-harm and personality psychopathology have been linked, with the most robust correlations existing between negative affectivity and self-harm. Psychological pain, an emotionally-based aversive feeling, has been linked to self-harm. Considering the connection between personality psychopathology and self-harm, psychological pain may enhance self-harm risk. Participants: Analyses were conducted on 525 undergraduate students in the Spring and Fall semesters of 2019. Methods/Results: Correlation analyses indicated that self-harm was moderately correlated with Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism. Additionally, self-harm was correlated with psychological pain. When examining if psychological pain moderates the relation between personality psychopathology and self-harm, results were mixed. In the cases of Disinhibition and Psychoticism, psychological pain enhanced self-harm. There was no moderating effect on the relations with Negative Affectivity, Detachment, or Antagonism. Conclusions: These findings support the role of psychological pain in self-harm outcomes for those experiencing personality psychopathology; however, this varies depending on the maladaptive traits.

The current study sought to examine the continuity between criterion-based and trait-based models of Personality Disorders (PDs) in an Iranian community sample to investigate the convergence between the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) Section II and Section III PDs. For this purpose, we first evaluated the cross-cultural factorial structure of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al. Psychological Medicine, 42(9), 1879-1890, Krueger et al., 2012 (See CR40)); a self-report instrument which is designed to assess DSM-5 section III personality traits. Participants were 695 Iranian community members, aged 18-55, who completed the PID-5 and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5-Screening Personality Questionnaire (SCID-5-SPQ; First et al., 2016 (See CR22)). Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling results revealed that the five-factor structure of the PID-5 was fairly consistent with theoretical expectations. Findings also provided support for the use of the hypothesized traits making up DSM-5 Section III PD criteria in the prediction of their Section II PD counterparts. However, several non-hypothesized facets also displayed moderate to large correlations with Section II PD counterparts; we found that (1) the core features of paranoid, borderline, avoidant, and dependent PDs were best described with the facets located on PID-5 Negative Affectivity domain; (2) the facets of PID-5 Detachment reflected the core feature of schizoid PD; (3) the core features of narcissistic, histrionic, and antisocial PDs were well presented by a series facets which belonged to PID-5 Antagonism domain; (4) the low level of PID-5 Disinhibition was demonstrated the core feature of obsessive-compulsive PD, which is rigid perfectionism; and finally (5) the common features of schizotypal PD were clearly defined by facets of PID-5 Psychoticism. Implications for these findings are discussed., Author(s): Zahra Ghamkhar Fard [sup.1] , Abbas Pourshahbaz [sup.1] , Jaime L. Anderson [sup.2] , Jennifer K. Boland [sup.2] , Shima Shakiba [sup.1] , Arash Mirabzadeh [sup.3] Author Affiliations: (1) [...]

AbstractThe Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP) is a concept map developed to consolidate research on psychopathy. Recently, the CAPP – Self Report form (CAPP-SR) was developed, but its psychometric properties have not been extensively or independently investigated. The current study evaluated the internal consistency, factorial structure, and construct validity of the CAPP-SR in a large sample of undergraduate and community participants. No organizational structure was superior, but a theoretically supported three factor solution representing behavioral, affective, and interpersonal traits appeared to be the optimal solution. The CAPP-SR demonstrated overlap with other preexisting psychopathy measures and the three-factor solution evinced relatively good convergent and discriminant associations with external criteria. The CAPP-SR seems to measure a similar construct to psychopathy measures, though it remains unclear whether the new measure captures meaningful information neglected by other models or outperforms them in prediction of important outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eating disorders are prevalent among college student populations. Although previous iterations of the instrument did not include specific measurement of eating pathology, the Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory-3 (MMPI-3) now includes a specific scale (i.e., Eating Concerns [EAT]) to assess problematic eating behaviors. The current study examined the MMPI-3 assessment of eating pathology among 249 undergraduate women. A pattern emerged where symptoms of internalizing psychopathology on the MMPI-3 were generally associated with symptoms of eating disorder. However, the newly included EAT scale demonstrated the strongest associations with most areas of eating dysfunction. Further, hierarchical regression analyses suggested that the EAT scale added substantial incremental predictive utility (up to 23%) over other MMPI-3 scales combined in assessing eating pathology. Classification accuracy statistics yielded high sensitivity and specificity coefficients when predicting eating disorder risk at an EAT scale score cutoff of 75 T or higher. These findings support the use of the MMPI-3 in assessing eating pathology in college women, although its performance with men and with women not of college age remains to be studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article introduces the Trait Sexual Motivation Scale (TSMS), a new instrument that assesses cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of sexual motivation. The TSMS is a brief six-item inventory that was developed using a diverse sample of individuals. The authors argue that current measures of sexual motivation are limited and not standardized in clinical practice. They suggest that the TSMS could be a useful tool for assessing sexual motivation and behavior in clinical settings. The article provides case examples to demonstrate the potential benefits of using the TSMS in therapy. However, it acknowledges that further research is needed to validate the scale and explore its applicability to diverse populations. [Extracted from the article]

The aim of the current study was to examine the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory–2–Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008) scales in assessing Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition (DSM-5) Section II Personality Disorder (PD) symptoms. For this purpose, we first tested the cross-cultural factorial and criterion validity of MMPI-2-RF scales. We used a sample of 536 (327 women and 209 men) community individuals in Tehran, Iran. DSM-5 Section II PD criterion counts were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 –Screening Personality Questionnaire. Exploratory structural equation modelling analyses revealed that the models reported by Ben-Porath and Tellegen generally fitted the data well. Criterion validity of the MMPI-2-RF scales as well as MMPI-2-RF PDs spectra scales were analyzed with respect to their correlations with DSM-5 Section II PDs, indicating results generally consistent with expectations. Results based on Poisson or Negative binomial regression models indicated that a set of MMPI-2-RF scale hypotheses were supported, with several exceptions that are discussed in detail. These findings have implications for applicability of the MMPI-2-RF across Iranian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]