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Study region: The research is conducted in United Arab Emirates (UAE) where limited water resources are negatively impacted by both natural and human-induced factors. Study focus: The focus of this study is to establish a cost-effective and accessible isotopic database to identify the sources of recharging country-wide aquifers in UAE. The hydrogen (δ2H) and oxygen (δ18O) data of five aquifer systems is integrated into a publicly accessible web mapping application. In addition, the Machine Learning (ML) approach is employed to develop a novel isotopic boundary clustering tool for the various aquifers. New hydrological insights: The results indicate a cost - time-effective web application could assist in any future research. The results also revealed that (1) the eastern gravel plain, ophiolite, and northern carbonate aquifers are isotopically comparable, indicating a recharge by modern precipitation, (2) Mixing and upward leakage along the deep-seated faults with modern precipitation is reflected by the isotopic signature of Jabel Hafeet carbonate aquifer and (3) The isotopic values of the coastal aquifers suggested an impact of the sea water intrusion. The ML clustering categorized the isotopic data into four main boundary decision zones (DZ) that are different from the aquifer boundaries indicating various recharge sources. This study provides a new country wide geospatial stable isotope distribution of groundwater which is vital for the sustainable management of water resources in arid regions.

The durability and degradability of evaporitic rocks are always a critical concern in geological, civil, and geotechnical engineering applications, necessitating careful consideration for reliable, secure, and sustainable construction. This dataset is based on a comprehensive collection of geotechnical data involving both mechanical and physical properties as well as geochemical analyses for the evaporitic rocks in Abu Dhabi and its vicinity. The purpose of this dataset is to be an important source for construction professionals, engineers, and decision-makers in the region by providing basic insights into the challenges associated with building projects on and in evaporitic rocks. This data is obtained from extensive field investigations and laboratory analyses and will help to ensure that construction activities are carried out safely and efficiently when dealing with evaporitic rock formations. The prevalence of evaporitic rocks in Abu Dhabi highlights the importance of this geotechnical data compilation in facilitating informed decision-making and supporting safe construction.

Background: Patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) require close follow-up, support, and education to achieve glycemic control, especially during the initiation or intensification of insulin therapy and self-care management. This study aimed to describe and evaluate the impact of implementing a hybrid model of in-person and telemedicine care and education on glycemic control for patients with uncontrolled T2DM (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ?9%) during the coronavirus disease pandemic. Methods: This prospective multicenter-cohort pre-/post-intervention study was conducted on patients with uncontrolled T2DM. This study included three chronic illness centers affiliated with the Family and Community Medicine Department at Prince Sultan Military Medical City in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A hybrid model of in-person (onsite) and telemedicine care and education was developed. This involved implementing initial in-person care at the physicians' clinic and initial in-person education at the diabetes education clinic, followed by telemedicine services of tele-follow-ups, support, and education for an average 4-month follow-up period. Results: Of the enrolled 181 patients, more than half of the participants were women (n?=?103, 56.9%). The mean age of participants (standard deviation) was 58.64???11.23 years and the mean duration of diabetes mellitus was 13.80???8.55 years. The majority of the patients (n?=?144; 79.6%) were on insulin therapy. Overall, in all three centers, the hybrid model had significantly reduced HbA1c from 10.47???1.23% to 7.87???1.59% (mean difference of reduction 2.59% [95% confidence interval (CI)?=?2.34?2.85%], p?0.001). At the level of each center, HbA1c was reduced significantly with mean differences of 3.17% (95% CI?=?2.81?3.53%), 2.49% (95% CI?=?1.92?3.06%), and 2.16% (95% CI?=?1.76?2.57%) at centers A, B, and C, respectively (all p?

Abstract Background and Aims Many women reported experiencing abnormalities in their cycle after being vaccinated with Covid‐19 vaccination. To understand this issue further, our study aimed to evaluate the menstrual cycle patterns among women of childbearing age after receiving COVID‐19 vaccinations. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted to investigate the impact of COVID‐19 vaccine on women aged 18 years and above in Saudi Arabia. A self‐administered online questionnaire was distributed among participants who had received at least one dose of COVID‐19 vaccine. The questionnaire included questions about the participants' demographic characteristics, medical history, and vaccine‐related adverse events. Results The study included 383 female participants with an average age of 30.8 ± 8.1 years. The majority of participants, 92.7%, were Saudi, and more than half, 51.4%, were single. Of the participants, 78.9% were disease‐free, and a majority of 67.9% had no history of Coronavirus Disease 2019 infection. A significant proportion of participants reported postvaccination changes in the menstrual cycle. Specifically, 43.1% reported changes after the first dose, and 38.4% reported changes after the second dose (p = 0.044). The severity of premenstrual symptoms increased from 44 (11.5%) to 113 (29.5%) after the first dose. Reported pain on the (WONG‐BAKER) scale was also significantly elevated from 34 (8.9%) to 87 (22.7%) (p

In this paper, IBM-1 and IBM-2 with a SU(3) limit are used to describe the 158Gd isotope. The calculations of energy levels in the ground state, beta-, and gamma-bands are made up, which account for 15 energy levels. However, we found that the energy states of the same spin of the beta- and vibrational bands become degenerate states. In breaking the SU(3) dynamical symmetry by introducing a value of pairing interaction, the degeneracy is lifted and the energy levels are brought up to the same order as the experimental ones.

In this study, we applied the Interacting Boson Model (IBM-I) to compute the electric reduced transition probabilities B(E2)\(\downarrow\) of even-even neutron rich \(^{186}\text{W}\) and \(^{186}\text{Os}\) isobars. The ratio \(R_{4/2} = E(4_{1}^{+}) / E(2_{1}^{+})\) has also been calculated for those isobars and the SU(3) symmetry for those isobars has been reported. \(E(4_{1}^{+})\) and \(E(2_{1}^{+})\) indicate the energy level of \(4_{1}^{+}\) and \(2_{1}^{+}\), respectively. We have described the strength of B(E2) in W.u. for \(^{186}\text{W}\) and \(^{186}\text{Os}\) isobars of some of the low-lying quadrupole collective states in contrast to obtainable measured data. The electric reduced transition probabilities B(E2)\(\downarrow\) from yrast state gamma transition from \(12_1^{+} \rightarrow 10_1^{+}\), \(10_1^{+} \rightarrow 8_1^{+}\), \(8_1^{+} \rightarrow 6_1^{+}\), \(6_1^{+} \rightarrow 4_1^{+}\), \(4_1^{+} \rightarrow 2_1^{+}\) and \(2_1^{+} \rightarrow 0_1^{+}\) and other bands states and B(E2) ratio of \(^{186}\text{W}\) and \(^{186}\text{Os}\) isobars have been compared with obtainable measured data and other previous studies. Also calculated were the systematic strength of B(E2), intrinsic quadrupole moments, and deformation parameters of even-even \(^{186}\text{W}\) and \(^{186}\text{Os}\) isobars. The data from these calculations are in good matching with the obtainable measured data. The IBM-I model for the strength of B(E2) has been systematically deduced in SU(3) limit for a few yrasts states transitions in \(^{186}\text{W}\) and \(^{186}\text{Os}\) isobars.

Abstract Evaporitic rock durability induced by groundwater cause several construction challenges, but representative experimental studies to evaluate such conditions are still missing. Therefore, this study intended to provide better and more realistic degradability features of evaporites with groundwater besides a comparison with distilled water as slaking fluids. Forty-eight evaporitic rock blocks were collected from Abu Dhabi area, United Arab Emirates. 96 slake durability index (SDI) tests were performed, 48 with each of the slaking fluids; groundwater and distilled water, and their textural, mineralogical, and geochemical attributes were also examined before and after the SDI tests. In comparison to mineralogical and textural modifications, slaking fluid had a greater impact on the chemical composition of evaporitic rock. The study shows that the degradability of evaporites with groundwater and distilled water indicates a wide range from very low to high. The mean weight loss values after four cycles with groundwater and distilled water vary from 11 to 77 and from 4 to 81 wt.%, respectively. Consequently, slaking with groundwater illustrates a wide range compared to the slaking with distilled water. This could be due to quick interactions between groundwater and evaporites and fast hydration-dehydration process than distilled water due to the chemical composition of the groundwater. It is recommended to investigate the attributes of evaporitic rocks as well as groundwater geochemistry for safe, cost-effective, and sustainable structures.

This study investigates for the first time the subsurface Miocene evaporite facies (Gachsaran Formation) in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Forty-five evaporite rock samples were selected for petrographic, mineralogical, and geochemical investigations and stable isotope analyses to decipher their origin and constrain their age. Secondary gypsum with anhydrite relics dominates the investigated evaporitic rocks, with minor amounts of clays, dolomicrite, Fe/Ti oxides, and celestite. These samples are characterized by their excellent purity and low variability in geochemical composition. The distribution of trace element concentrations is significantly influenced by continental detrital intake. The main focus of the study is to determine the strontium, sulfur, and oxygen stable isotope compositions. The measured 87Sr/86Sr values of 0.708411–0.708739 are consistent with Miocene marine sulfates and indicate ∼21.12–15.91 Ma (Late Aquitanian-Burdigalian). The δ34S and δ18O values are 17.10‰–21.59‰ and 11.89‰–19.16‰, respectively. These values are comparable to those of Tertiary marine evaporites. The relatively low values of δ34S suggest that non-marine water possesses little influence on S distribution. The geochemical composition and Sr, S, and O isotope distributions of the Abu Dhabi gypsum facies from the Gachsaran Formation reveals that their source brines were marine (coastal saline/sabkha) with subordinate continental input.

Patrick C Staropoli, 1 Richard K Lee, 1 Zachary A Kroger, 2 Karina Somohano, 3 Matthew Feldman, 4 Jennifer D Verriotto, 1 Adam Aldahan, 5 Potyra R Rosa, 1 William J Feuer, 1 D Diane Zheng, 6 David J Lee, 1, 6 Byron L Lam 1 1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 2Ophthalmology Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; 3Ophthalmology Department, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; 4Neurology Department, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 5Dermatology Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 6Department of Public Health Sciences, University Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USACorrespondence: Byron L LamBascom Palmer Eye Institute, 900 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USATel +1 305-326-6021Fax +1 305 326 6114Email blam@med.miami.eduPurpose: To determine what socioeconomic factors affect follow-up in a glaucoma screening program.Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of six health fairs in South Florida from October 2012 to March 2013 among socially and economically disadvantaged populations. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and visual field testing were obtained to identify glaucoma suspects. Glaucoma suspects were defined as having intraocular pressure ≥ 24 mm Hg, cup-to-disc ratio of ≥ 0.6 in either eye, or glaucomatous defects on visual field testing. In July 2015, telephone surveys were administered to assess follow up and socioeconomic factors.Results: Seventy-two out of 144 (50%) glaucoma suspects responded to the survey and were included in the analysis. Of the 72 respondents, average age was 52.8 years old and 65% were female. The most common race was African American (69%) and ethnicity was Haitian (51%). Glaucoma suspects who followed up were significantly more likely to have health insurance compared to those who did not follow up (74% vs 43%, p = 0.014). No significant difference in follow-up based on age (p = 0.125), education (p = 0.151), gender (p = 0.48), or ethnicity (p = 0.707) was identified. Of the 30 respondents, who did not follow up, the most common reasons were “no insurance” (57%, 17/30) and “not worried” (33%, 10/30).Conclusion: Insurance was the main socioeconomic factor in determining whether glaucoma suspects followed up after community health screenings. Streamlining social services could increase clinical access of glaucoma suspects.Keywords: epidemiology, follow-up, glaucoma, socioeconomics

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Anthropogenic activities lead to the accumulation of radioactive substances in the environment. Here the authors use multi-isotopic fingerprints of uranium and iodine to discover a previously unknown source of reactor uranium in the Baltic Sea, likely sourced from a Swedish nuclear facility.

Several climate oscillations have been reported from the early Holocene superepoch, the best known of which is the Preboreal oscillation (PBO). It is still unclear how the PBO and the number of climate oscillations observed in Greenland ice cores and European terrestrial records are related to one another. This is mainly due to uncertainties in the chronologies of the records. Here, we present new, high-resolution 10Be concentration data from the varved Meerfelder Maar sediment record in Germany, spanning the period 11 310–11 000 years BP. These new data allow us to synchronize this well-studied record, as well as Greenland ice core records, with the IntCal13 timescale via radionuclide wiggle matching. In doing so, we show that the climate oscillations identified in Greenland and Europe between 11 450 and 11 000 years BP were not synchronous but terminated and began, respectively, with the onset of a grand solar minimum. A similar spatial anomaly pattern is found in a number of modeling studies on solar forcing of climate in the North Atlantic region. We further postulate that freshwater delivery to the North Atlantic would have had the potential to amplify solar forcing through a slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) reinforcing surface air temperature anomalies in the region.

Understanding the transport and deposition of the cosmogenic isotope 10Be is vital for the application of the isotope data to infer past changes of solar activity, to reconstruct past Earth’s magnetic field intensity and climate change. Here, we use data of the cosmogenic isotope 10Be from the Greenland ice cores, namely the NEEM and GRIP ice cores, to identify factors controlling its distribution. After removing the effects of the geomagnetic field on the cosmogenic radionuclide production rate, the results expose imprints of the 20–22 ka precession cycle on the Greenland 10Be records of the last glacial period. This finding can further improve the understanding of 10Be variability in ice sheets and has the prospect of providing better reconstructions of geomagnetic and solar activity based on cosmogenic radionuclide records.