1. Breeding for increased nitrogen-use efficiency: a review for wheat (T. aestivumL.)
- Author
-
Bertrand Hirel, David Gouache, Jacques Le Gouis, Yvan Moënne-Loccoz, John Foulkes, Fabien Cormier, Biogemma, Div Plant & Crop Sci, Sutton Bonington Campus, University of Nottingham, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin ( IJPB ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, U 3559, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ARVALIS - Institut du Végétal, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales ( GDEC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ), Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), ANR BacterBl e (ANR-14-CE19-0017), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ARVALIS - Institut du végétal [Paris], Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), and Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Canopy ,[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,ble tendre ,Nitrogen assimilation ,bread wheat ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Context (language use) ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Photosynthesis ,01 natural sciences ,F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes ,reproduction ,Nutrient ,absorption azotée ,Genetics ,sélection ,[ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences ,2. Zero hunger ,Molecular breeding ,efficience d'utilisation de l'azote ,breeding ,nitrogen-utilization efficiency ,nitrogen uptake efficiency ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,15. Life on land ,Nitrogen ,Agricultural sciences ,F61 - Physiologie végétale - Nutrition ,chemistry ,Agronomy ,soft wheat ,Agriculture ,040103 agronomy & agriculture ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,business ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Sciences agricoles ,F04 - Fertilisation ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizer is the most used nutrient source in modern agriculture and represents significant environmental and production costs. In the meantime, the demand for grain increases and production per area has to increase as new cultivated areas are scarce. In this context, breeding for an efficient use of nitrogen became a major objective. In wheat, nitrogen is required to maintain a photosynthetically active canopy ensuring grain yield and to produce grain storage proteins that are generally needed to maintain a high end-use quality. This review presents current knowledge of physiological, metabolic and genetic factors influencing nitrogen uptake and utilization in the context of different nitrogen management systems. This includes the role of root system and its interactions with microorganisms, nitrate assimilation and its relationship with photosynthesis as postanthesis remobilization and nitrogen partitioning. Regarding nitrogen-use efficiency complexity, several physiological avenues for increasing it were discussed and their phenotyping methods were reviewed. Phenotypic and molecular breeding strategies were also reviewed and discussed regarding nitrogen regimes and genetic diversity.
- Published
- 2016