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Purpose: Our study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes and clinical features of retinal detachment (RD) cases treated with segmental scleral buckling (SB), elucidating the role of segmental SB as a vital option in specific situations during the current era., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 128 eyes with primary rhegmatogenous RD that underwent segmental scleral buckling between November 2008 and December 2020. Clinical features and success rates were recorded and analyzed., Results: A total of 128 eyes were included. The patient's ages ranged from 12 to 72 years, with a median age of 45. Most of the eyes were phakic (97%). Regarding the type of break, 47% were holes, and flap tears were found in 68 cases (53%). The break locations were superior-temporal (54%), inferior-temporal (31%), superior-nasal (9.5%), and inferior-nasal (5.5%). The length of the SB applied ranged from 3.5 to 8.0 clock hours, with a median of 6.0. Primary success was achieved in 121 eyes, and recurrence occurred in 7 eyes. All recurrent RD cases reattached after undergoing secondary VT. The causes of failure included 2 break reopens, 1 missed break, and 4 eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. The single-surgery anatomic success (SSAS) rate for segmental SB was 94.5%. The final success rate was 100%., Conclusions: For phakic, low complexity retinal detachment in our study, segmental scleral buckling emerges as a surgical option with a high primary success rate and a lower incidence of complications., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of peribulbar bupivacaine with routine analgesics for pain management in patients undergoing scleral buckling., Methods: In total, 72 patients undergoing scleral buckling or combined with vitrectomy were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized into two groups, each containing 36 patients. Patients of group A received 5 mL of bupivacaine (0.5%) injection at the end of surgery, whereas group B patients received routine analgesics. The postoperative pain score was assessed in the first 24 hours of the postoperative period with the visual pain analog score., Results: Maximum postoperative pain scores were lower in patients receiving bupivacaine block (median: 3; range: 3-7) than in the control group (median: 5; range: 3-9). Pain scores in group A were lower than in the control group both at 3 and 6 hours after surgery, which was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). Four patients in group A and 17 patients in group B needed additional analgesia in the first 24 hours of the postoperative period. In addition, two patients in group A and seven patients in group B experienced episodes of nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours of surgery., Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the postoperative experience of patients undergoing scleral buckling surgery can be made more comfortable with the use of bupivacaine block at the end of surgery., (Copyright © 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Indian Journal of Ophthalmology.)

Purpose: To compare the surgical results in cases of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachments between standard scleral buckling (SSB) and scleral buckling with chandelier illumination (SBC) and to analyse the differences in SBC surgical results between an experienced ophthalmologist and inexperienced ophthalmologists., Methods: Consecutive surgical case series of 155 eyes that underwent scleral buckling were retrospectively reviewed and divided into four groups: SSB performed by an experienced ophthalmologist (n = 54), SBC performed by an experienced ophthalmologist (n = 52), SBC performed by inexperienced ophthalmologists (n = 40) and SSB performed by inexperienced ophthalmologists (n = 9). Then, these four groups were compared., Results: No significant differences were observed between SSB and SBC procedures both performed by the experienced ophthalmologist with regard to demographics, preoperative findings, contents of the surgery, intraoperative complications, retinal reattachment, postoperative findings and postoperative complications. Between SBC performed by the experienced ophthalmologist and SBC performed by the inexperienced ophthalmologists, no significant differences were found regarding intraoperative complications, retinal reattachment, postoperative findings and postoperative complications. Between SSB and SBC procedures both performed by the inexperienced ophthalmologist, a significant difference was found regarding intraoperative complications., Conclusion: There were no significant differences in surgical results between SSB and SBC when both were performed by the experienced ophthalmologist. In addition, the surgical results were equal between the experienced ophthalmologist and the inexperienced ophthalmologist as far as SBC was concerned. Learning scleral buckling skills by using SBC is a reasonable course of action for inexperienced ophthalmologists., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)

Abstract The real juncture between corrugated steel webs (CSWs) and flanges follows a multi-segmented line, distinct from that of flat steel webs. Classic methods may yield significant deviations in predicting the elastic global shear buckling capacity of CSWs of various scales due to their failure to consider real boundary constraints. Therefore, a universally applicable formula for calculating the elastic critical global shear buckling stress of CSWs, which accounts for real boundary conditions, is proposed. This formula is pertinent to both large-scale engineering CSWs and small-scale testing CSWs. This study commenced with a comprehensive reassessment of the elastic global shear buckling calculation method. Subsequently, the influence of geometric parameter ratios on the elastic critical global buckling stress was examined. The primary parameter was identified and employed to improve the global buckling coefficient. The proposed calculation method was validated using different corrugation configurations, including 1000-type, 1200-type, 1600-type, 1800-type, and 2000-type CSWs, as well as other CSWs used in experimental settings. These results were compared with those obtained from other reference methods. Findings indicate that the accuracy of the classic theoretical method is affected by variations in both boundary conditions and geometric dimensions due to the constraint effect of real boundary conditions. Under the real boundary conditions, the elastic critical global shear buckling stress of CSWs with simply supported boundary conditions is close to that of CSWs with consolidated boundary conditions. The ratio of web height to corrugation depth primarily affects the elastic global shear buckling capacity, which decreases as the ratio increases. The Easley formula can be modified based on the web height to corrugation depth ratio. Comparisons of numerous numerical and theoretical results reveal that the proposed calculation method exhibits commendable computational precision. In comparison to alternative formulas, the proposed method demonstrates enhanced consistency for calculating CSWs with varying geometric dimensions and boundary conditions, thereby demonstrating its favorable applicability. These conclusions provide valuable reference for the shear design of CSWs.

Abstract Today, considering the increased cases of terroristic operations, structural design engineers are starting to acknowledge blast-induced loads alongside other design parameters. Since a blast-induced load exhibits a much shorter period than the natural period of the structure, it is unlikely to induce general damages or stimulate the entire structure immediately after the loading, but rather local damages in individual structural elements are the common form of damage. These local damages, however, can set the scene for the gradual failure of the structure. The present study on structures with moment-resisting frames, buckling-restrained braces (BRBs), and conventional steel braces was conducted through an alternative load path (ALP, also known as column elimination) and exact modeling of the blast on the steel frames was undertaken using LS-DYNA software. In this work, the behavior of three five-story steel frames under a blast-induced load of 100 kg TNT equivalent at a distance of 10 m from the structural columns for a period of 100 ms was investigated. Results of analyzing the blast-induced effect on the frames showed that the frame equipped with buckling-restrained braces (BRB) exhibited improved overall peak displacement across the entire frame, peak induced velocity, and peak induced acceleration by 30%, 30%, and 46%, respectively, as compared to other steel frames exposed to blast loads.

Searching for methods of treating primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a highly relevant issue, since this disease often leads to disability in people of young working age. The history of surgical treatment of retinal detachment began more than 200 years ago and has undergone many changes due to the evolution of knowledge of this disease. In the early 20th century, sealing of retinal breaks was first shown to be a key principle in the treatment of RRD. The two most commonly used surgical techniques today are pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling. Over the years, various materials have been studied as possible buckling means. At present, soft silicone fine-pored tape is the gold standard for scleral sealing. Modern laser technologies open up new vistas for extrascleral surgery in the treatment of primary RRD. The advantages of specific individual approaches or combinations thereof are under active discussion.