493 results
Search Results
2. A low-cost, paper-based hybrid capture assay to detect high-risk HPV DNA for cervical cancer screening in low-resource settings.
- Author
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Smith, Chelsey A., Chang, Megan M., Kundrod, Kathryn A., Novak, Emilie N., Parra, Sonia G., López, Leticia, Mavume, Celda, Lorenzoni, Cesaltina, Maza, Mauricio, Salcedo, Mila P., Carns, Jennifer L., Baker, Ellen, Montealegre, Jane, Scheurer, Michael, Castle, Philip E., Schmeler, Kathleen M., and Richards-Kortum, Rebecca R.
- Subjects
- *
HUMAN papillomavirus , *CERVICAL cancer , *EARLY detection of cancer , *DNA , *PATHOLOGICAL laboratories , *CELLULAR inclusions , *TESTING laboratories - Abstract
Cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for women in low-resource settings. The World Health Organization recommends that cervical cancer screening programs incorporate HPV DNA testing, but available tests are expensive, require laboratory infrastructure, and cannot be performed at the point-of-care. We developed a two-dimensional paper network (2DPN), hybrid-capture, signal amplification assay and a point-of-care sample preparation protocol to detect high-risk HPV DNA from exfoliated cervical cells within an hour. The test does not require expensive equipment and has an estimated cost of <$3 per test without the need for batching. We evaluated performance of the paper HPV DNA assay with short synthetic and genomic HPV DNA targets, HPV positive and negative cellular samples, and two sets of clinical samples. The first set of clinical samples consisted of 16 biobanked, provider-collected cervical samples from a study in El Salvador previously tested with careHPV and subsequently tested in a controlled laboratory environment. The paper HPV DNA test correctly identified eight of eight HPV-negative clinical samples and seven of eight HPV-positive clinical samples. We then performed a field evaluation of the paper HPV DNA test in a hospital laboratory in Mozambique. Cellular controls generated expected results throughout field testing with fully lyophilized sample preparation and 2DPN reagents. When evaluated with 16 residual self-collected cervicovaginal samples previously tested by the GeneXpert HPV assay ("Xpert"), the accuracy of the HPV DNA paper test in the field was reduced compared to testing in the controlled laboratory environment, with positive results obtained for all eight HPV-positive samples as well as seven of eight HPV-negative samples. Further evaluation showed reduction in performance was likely due in part to increased concentration of exfoliated cells in the self-collected clinical samples from Mozambique compared with provider-collected samples from El Salvador. Finally, a formal usability assessment was conducted with users in El Salvador and Mozambique; the assay was rated as acceptable to perform after minimal training. With additional optimization for higher cell concentrations and inclusion of an internal cellular control, the paper HPV DNA assay offers promise as a low-cost, point-of-care cervical cancer screening test in low-resource settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Litigio estratégico para el derecho a abortar en los Casos Manuela y Beatriz vs. El Salvador ante la Corte IDH: resultados inusitados y posibles efectos.
- Author
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CASTALDI, Ligia de Jesús
- Subjects
ABORTION ,ACTIONS & defenses (Law) ,SEXUAL rights ,WOMEN'S rights ,INFANTICIDE ,REPRODUCTIVE rights ,LEGAL rights ,HUMAN rights ,JUSTICE administration ,FETUS ,LEGAL judgments - Abstract
Copyright of Persona y Derecho is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Navarra, S.A. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Gender occupational intensity and wages in the Northern Triangle of Central America.
- Author
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Espino, Ilya, Hermeto, Ana, and Luz, Luciana
- Subjects
WAGES ,JOB classification ,QUANTILE regression ,JOB analysis ,GENDER - Abstract
Purpose: This paper aims to explore the relationship between gender occupational intensity and wages in the Northern Triangle of Central America using national surveys carried out in 2014. Design/methodology/approach: A harmonized occupational classification at the -digit level is built with the objective of analyzing the occupational distribution across countries. Then, quantile regressions (QRs) are estimated to explore in detail which factors are affecting the wages of both females and males; in particular, this paper pays special attention to female occupational intensity (the share of females within each occupation). Findings: The comparative analysis suggests that women are overrepresented in certain occupations, and they are much more likely to be working in part-time jobs than men in all countries. Furthermore, findings reveal that working in female-dominated occupations has a negative effect on wages along the distribution across countries. However, the effect of this variable is higher at the lower quantile of the distribution for women, especially in El Salvador and Honduras. Originality/value: This paper first proposes a new typology of occupations, which allows a consistent and comparable analysis of the occupational structure. The results then provide a picture to address gender occupational intensity and its links with wages. Further, the characteristics of the labor market and differences in trends across these countries suggest that this topic requires challenging research for the region. Peer review: The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-03-2021-0165 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Researchers from Federal University Bahia Report Details of New Studies and Findings in the Area of CDC and FDA (Homemade Paper Analytical Device and Digital Image Colorimetry As Tools for Learning About Calibration Curve Methods During the...).
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DIGITAL technology ,CALIBRATION ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LEARNING ,NEW product development laws ,REPORTERS & reporting - Abstract
Keywords: Salvador; Brazil; South America; CDC and FDA; Epidemiology; Health and Medicine; Pandemic EN Salvador Brazil South America CDC and FDA Epidemiology Health and Medicine Pandemic 953 953 1 07/31/23 20230731 NES 230731 2023 AUG 6 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at TB & Outbreaks Week -- Current study results on CDC and FDA have been published. Keywords for this news article include: Salvador, Brazil, South America, CDC and FDA, Epidemiology, Health and Medicine, Pandemic, Federal University Bahia. Salvador, Brazil, South America, CDC and FDA, Epidemiology, Health and Medicine, Pandemic. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
6. Negotiating humanitarian space with criminal armed groups in urban Latin America.
- Author
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Lucchi, Elena and Schuberth, Moritz
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COMMUNITIES ,PHILANTHROPISTS ,CITIES & towns ,CRIMINALS ,TRUST - Abstract
Copyright of Disasters is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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7. Is presidential re-election really allowed in El Salvador? Constitutional Analysis and Supreme Court Rulings.
- Author
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Alas Moreno, Nancy Eunice
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LEGAL judgments ,ELECTIONS ,PRESIDENTIAL system - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Euro Latinoamericana de Análisis Social y Político (RELASP) is the property of Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Facultad de Ciencia Politica y Relaciones Internacionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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8. DECOLONIZING ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION WITH LITERATURE BY BLACK AND INDIGENOUS WRITERS.
- Author
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Mota-Pereira, Fernanda
- Subjects
ENGLISH language education ,ENGLISH literature education ,EMPATHY ,FOREIGN language education ,DECOLONIZATION ,CONVERSATION method (Language teaching) - Abstract
Copyright of Trabalhos em Lingüística Aplicada is the property of Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Portal de Periodicos Eletronicos Cientificos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
9. HAYDER ALIYEV'S PERSPECTIVE OF THE TURKIC WORLD: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON THE CONCEPT OF SAVIOR LEADERSHIP IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION.
- Author
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Yilmaz, Baha Ahmet, Gültekin, Bilgehan, Babayeva-Shukurova, Farahila, and Ün, Lütfullah
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POLITICAL communication ,POLITICAL leadership ,IDENTITY (Psychology) ,ACCULTURATION ,LEADERSHIP ,NAGORNO-Karabakh Conflict - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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10. The Unintended Consequences of Deportations: Evidence from Firm Behavior in El Salvador.
- Author
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Bandiera, Antonella, Dinarte Diaz, Lelys, Rozo, Sandra V., Schmidt-Padilla, Carlos, Sviatschi, María Micaela, and Winkler, Hernan
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INFORMAL sector ,COMMUNITIES ,COUNTRY of origin (Immigrants) ,DEPORTATION ,REPATRIATION - Abstract
Can repatriation inflows impact firm behavior in origin countries? This paper examines this question in the context of repatriation inflows from the United States and Mexico to El Salvador. The paper combines a rich longitudinal dataset covering all formal firms in El Salvador with individual-level data on all registered repatriations from 2011 to 2016. The empirical strategy combines variation in the municipality of birth of individuals repatriated over 1995–2002—before a significant change in deportation policies—with annual variation in aggregate inflows of repatriations to El Salvador. The findings show that repatriations have large negative effects on the average wages of formal workers. This is mainly driven by formal firms in sectors that face more intense competition from the informal sector, which deportees are more likely to join. Repatriation inflows also reduce total employment among formal firms in those sectors. Given that most deportees spend less than a month abroad, these findings suggest that the experience of being detained and deported can have strong negative effects not only on the deportees but also on their receiving communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Labor Force Participation of Central American Migrant Women in Mexico.
- Author
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Pederzini, Carla and Meza, Liliana
- Subjects
LABOR supply ,CENSUS ,WOMEN employees ,MEXICANS ,HUMAN capital ,MARITAL status - Abstract
Central Americans living in Mexico remain a small group (100 thousand) relative to the size of the Mexican population. However, they experienced accelerated growth between 2000 and 2020, with Guatemalans as the largest group and Hondurans as the most dynamic one. The previous literature has found a positive and significant, albeit decreasing, income advantage of Central American workers in Mexico. Meanwhile, the percentage of migrant women reported as spouses has gone down and the female labor force has increased. The paper uses information from the 2000, 2010, and 2020 Mexican censuses as well as the 2015 Intercensal Survey to compare access to the labor market for men and women from Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras residing in Mexico. We compare marital status, female labor force participation, main economic sectors, human capital, and income levels of the men and women of each of the three nationalities considered, seeking to identify from a gender perspective the differentiated labor performance of each nationality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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12. Use of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to Improve Plastic Waste Management.
- Author
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Pereira, Lucas Menezes, Sanchez Rodrigues, Vasco, and Freires, Francisco Gaudêncio Mendonça
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PLASTIC scrap ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,WASTE management ,LITERATURE reviews ,CITIES & towns ,PLASTIC scrap recycling - Abstract
This paper aims to propose improvements to plastic waste management performance via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using a survey's structured questionnaire and hypothesis testing. The methodology has been applied to the metropolis of Salvador, Brazil's third most populated city, although it can be used for other cities worldwide. All the indicators, constructs, and hypotheses concerning collection, sorting, and recycling came from a literature review. The dependence of the performance on efficiency, effectiveness, the municipality's socioeconomic aspects, and the municipality's infrastructure was evaluated, and both academic and practitioner public representatives were surveyed. Since almost double the minimum number of respondents answered the questionnaire and the PLS-SEM statistics showed that the modeling presents consistency, the discussion is relevant. The final results show that the respondents rated the volume of processing to be slightly more significant than the market maturity for the effectiveness of plastic waste management, which in turn contributes to performance. Once the positive influence of the municipality's infrastructure on performance has also been verified, the Deposit-Return Systems (DRSs) should be considered for improvement, in addition to an increase in the availability of selective collection systems, contributing to the growth of both the recycling rate and business profitability, reflections of performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Seeing Luanda from Salvador: Lineaments of a Southern Atlantic Urbanism.
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,URBANIZATION ,URBAN growth ,SLAVE trade ,REAL estate business - Abstract
Copyright of Antipode is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Design in a Colonial Periphery: Guilds, Artisans, and Non-Artisans in 18th-Century Sonsonate, El Salvador.
- Author
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Castellón Osegueda, José Ricardo
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INDUSTRIAL design ,DEVELOPED countries ,DESIGN services ,GUILDS ,ARTISANS - Abstract
Historical studies on the subject of Central American design are scarce. This article attempts to fill the gap as well as to overcome the exclusive correlation of design with industrialization. It highlights the relationship in a space and time other than those studied customarily: in the present case, 18th-century Sonsonate, El Salvador. With this purpose, it analyzes crafts, based primarily on an unpublished census of 1787 housed in the Archivo Municipal de Sonsonate. Considering design as a practice inherent to human life, this paper argues that design was present in craft activity through the creation of products, becoming a key factor for survival in a colonial periphery and overcoming guild barriers. Research findings indicate the limitations of conceiving design in industrial societies as a construction of coloniality, positing also the need to advance a concept of design that addresses the cultural and historical realities of peripheral regions like Sonsonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Staging the New City: Urban spectacles and the ecological origins of Nayib Bukele's authoritarian populism.
- Author
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Gutiérrez, Julio
- Subjects
REAL property ,CITIES & towns ,POPULISM ,POLITICAL doctrines - Abstract
This paper analyzes the connections between real estate speculation and authoritarian populism in El Salvador. Focusing on president Nayib Bukele's term as mayor of Nuevo Cuscatlán (2012–2015), I examine the role speculative urbanism played in the crafting of his profile as a promising politician in the early years of his career. I trace how Bukele instrumentalized the ecosystem of Nuevo Cuscatlán's coffee forest as a means to fund a personalistic populist strategy whose main project called for the construction of a "New City." This project involved the lifting of barriers to real estate investment to raise funds for social programs and municipal infrastructure. Its flipside was an aggressive process of deforestation and displacement of rural populations. Drawing on urban political ecology and critical agrarian studies, I argue that Bukele's New City project constituted a type of urban spectacle. This urban spectacle was rooted in two socio‐ecological dynamics: (1) The use of land as a revenue‐raising token of exchange; and (2) The fetishization of urban water infrastructure in the context of water scarcity. The paper concludes with various considerations about the destructive force of the link between authoritarian populism and urban extractivism in rural environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Public works programs and crime: Evidence for El Salvador.
- Author
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Acosta, Pablo and Monsalve Montiel, Emma
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PUBLIC works ,SOCIAL services ,CRIME ,INCOME maintenance programs ,COMMUNITY involvement ,CRIME statistics - Abstract
Most evaluations of public works programs in developing countries study their effects on poverty reduction and other labor market outcomes (job creation, earnings, and participation). However, very few look at other collateral effects, such as the incidence of violence. Between 2009 and 2014, El Salvador implemented the Temporary Income Support Program (PATI), which aimed at guaranteeing a temporary minimum level of income to extremely poor urban families for 6 months, as well as providing beneficiaries with experience in social and productive activities at the municipal level. Making use of a panel data set at the municipal level for 2007–2014, with monthly data on different types of crime rates and social program benefits by municipalities, this paper assesses the effects of the program on crime rates in municipalities in El Salvador. There are several possible channels through which the PATI can affect crime. Since the program is associated with cash transfers to beneficiaries, a decrease in economically motivated crimes is expected (income effect). But since the program enforces work requirements and community participation, this could generate a negative impact on crime, because the beneficiaries will have less time to commit crime and because of community deterrence effects. Overall, the paper finds a robust and significant negative impact of the PATI on most types of crimes in the municipalities with the intervention. Moreover, the negative effects of the program on some types of crime rates hold several years after participation. The positive spillover effects for municipalities hold within a radius of 50 km. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
17. Tenders Info Reports 10-12-2020: El Salvador.
- Subjects
LETTING of contracts ,PUBLIC contracts ,PAPER industry ,PACKAGING - Published
- 2020
18. From securities to currencies: the regulatory consequences of adopting cryptocurrencies as legal tender.
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Parampathu, Joseph
- Subjects
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LEGAL tender , *CRYPTOCURRENCIES , *HARD currencies , *MONETARY policy , *BITCOIN - Abstract
In 2021, El Salvador designated Bitcoin as legal tender within that country, payable for all debts, public and private. The move is novel in the realm of cryptocurrency regulation, but fits within a time-honoured battle over monetary policy with which every country engages. This piece examines the impacts of legal tender designations in these various areas and maps the current regulatory framework of cryptocurrency transactions, to argue that cryptocurrency's practical uses are decoupling states from monetary control and developing a transnational legal theory agnostic to concerns such as the legal tender question. It shows how the El Salvador regulation threatens to shift the dominant global economic regime towards a world wherein money may not be governed by states at all. The paper develops this transnational legal theory through mapping the US regulatory framework regarding cryptocurrency and examining the impact of the El Salvador regulation from a US point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. San Isidro, Sonsonate, El Salvador: Development of a Preclassic Settlement in Chronological and Geographic Context.
- Author
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Szymański, Jan and Méndez, Miriam
- Subjects
- *
RADIOCARBON dating , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *CULTURAL relations , *AREA studies , *UNITED States history , *ARCHAEOLOGICAL dating - Abstract
This paper presents a study of the San Isidro archaeological site in El Salvador, providing significant insights into the development of Preclassic settlements in the region. Through analysis of ceramic sequences, radiocarbon dating, and excavations, the study traces the site's evolution and its contextual significance within Mesoamerican and Isthmo-Colombian spheres. We report on the discovery of over 50 mounds constructed around 400 b.c., indicating the emergence of a complex social structure at that time. The unearthed artifacts, including jade objects and Bolinas-type figurines, suggest cultural exchange with often distant regions of Mesoamerica and the Isthmo-Colombian area. This research not only contributes to understanding the chronological and geographic development of San Isidro but also highlights the site's role in broader Preclassic Mesoamerican cultural dynamics. Our findings challenge existing perceptions of cultural peripherality and emphasize the need for nuanced regional studies in reconstructing ancient Central American history. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. The Effects of Transit Systems on International Trade.
- Author
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Carballo, Jerónimo, Graziano, Alejandro G., Schaur, Georg, and Volpe Martincus, Christian
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL trade ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
In this paper, we estimate the trade effects of a transit system upgrading that streamlines border processing in developing countries. Our empirical approach combines transaction-level export data from El Salvador with unique data that distinguishes export flows that were processed on the transit system. Our results indicate that the new transit system lowered regulatory border costs and raised exports. At the low end, our back-of-the-envelope estimate of the return to investment is US$ 3-to-1. This evidence informs a policy covered by the 2013 WTO Agreement of Trade Facilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Machine learning models for forecasting water demand for the Metropolitan Region of Salvador, Bahia.
- Author
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Santos de Jesus, Edmilson dos and Silva Gomes, Gecynalda Soares da
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,WATER demand management ,DEMAND forecasting ,MOVING average process ,TIME series analysis ,LONG-term memory ,BOX-Jenkins forecasting - Abstract
This paper proposes a new hybrid SVR-ANN model for water demand forecasting. Where an adaptation of the methodology proposed by Zhang (Neurocomputing 50:159–175, 2003) is used to decompose the time series of 10 reservoirs that supply the Metropolitan Region of Salvador (RMS). The data used are from the historical consumption from January 2017 to February 2022, obtained from the local supply company, Empresa Baiana de Águas e Saneamento, and meteorological data obtained from the National Institute of Meteorology of Brazil. The results demonstrated the feasibility of using the proposed model, compared to other traditional models such as the multilayer perceptron (MLP), support vector regression (SVR), short long-term memory (LSTM) and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Makabayang Intelektuwal-Manunulat ng Pamahalaang Komonwelt: Ang Kaso nina Amado V. Hernandez at Salvador P. Lopez.
- Author
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ARMINGOL, KEVIN P.
- Subjects
POETRY collections ,SOCIAL status ,SOCIAL role ,SOCIAL responsibility ,ENGLISH language ,FILIPINOS - Abstract
This paper aims to analyze the works of two of the prominent nationalist writers during the Commonwealth Period: Amado V. Hernandez, who writes in Tagalog, and Salvador P. Lopez for the English language. Using their works that were written during the period - 'Kayumanggi at iba pang tula', a collection of poems by Hernandez, and selected essays like 'Proletarian Literature' and 'Literature and Society' by Lopez - the paper will identify the dominant ideas and views of the writers on writing the nation using their pen. It will also try to recognize and position the social role and responsibility of the writers during their time and milieu. From here, although there are significant distinct features and standpoints from which the two writers are concerned, Hernandez and Lopez maintained to be critical and nationalist amidst the systemic and all-out Americanization of the Filipino people for almost five decades of direct colonization of the Philippines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
23. Guerrillas and authoritarians: Partners in post-war polarization.
- Author
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Turner, Jacob R
- Subjects
GUERRILLAS ,AUTHORITARIANISM ,POLARIZATION (Social sciences) ,PEACEBUILDING - Abstract
Despite a violent and extremist past, some armed rebel movements often abandon their arms and successfully contest power through elections. This paper seeks to understand the environmental factors that determine an insurgent successor party's electoral success. Using first a cross-national analysis of insurgent successor party performance and then a subnational analysis of Salvadoran elections from 1994–2019, it is shown that the party's ability to leverage identities forged during the war and organize its appeals along a highly polarized pro- and anti-government axis is crucial to electoral success. This is understood as an organizational capability, the capacity to oppose. At the national level, the existence of an authoritarian successor party increases the longevity of such polarization while subnationally levels of violence help to solidify the wartime cleavage as the most important for local politics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. LA UNIDAD DEL SENTIDO DE LA REALIDAD HISTÓRICA Y SU DIMENSIÓN POLÍTICA EN IGNACIO ELLACURÍA.
- Author
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Vilches, Daniel and Zuchel, Lorena
- Subjects
- *
DEHUMANIZATION , *MAJORITIES , *DIAGNOSIS , *SENSES , *AUTHORS - Abstract
In this paper we propose a reading of the philosophical thought of Ignacio Ellacuría, from the Zubirian influence and the diagnosis made by this author of the dehumanizing condition that affected the popular majorities in El Salvador. Firstly, under the scope of some fundamental characterizations about its notion of historical reality, based on the Zubirian anthropological conception. Secondly, we will argue in favor of the realization of the sense of this reality in the process of humanization. And lastly, we will propose the minimum conditions for the politicization of this historical reality based on the process of humanization in the thought of Ignacio Ellacuría. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Advancing progress on tobacco control in low- income and middle- income countries through economic analysis.
- Author
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Small, Roy, Nugent, Rachel, Webb, Douglas, Hutchinson, Brian, Spencer, Garrison, Ngongo, Carrie, Chestnov, Roman, and Tarlton, Dudley
- Subjects
SMOKING prevention ,GOVERNMENT policy -- Law & legislation ,MIDDLE-income countries ,GOVERNMENT policy ,TOBACCO ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,SMOKING ,HEALTH policy ,COST benefit analysis ,POPULATION geography ,TOBACCO products ,LOW-income countries - Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Asymmetrical Stop Inventory of Witzapan Nawat.
- Author
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Salgado, Hugo
- Subjects
- *
INVENTORIES , *LINGUISTIC change , *INVENTORY theory , *PHONOLOGY - Abstract
The stop inventory of Witzapan Nawat, a critically endangered indigenous language of El Salvador, has been traditionally described as consisting only of a voiceless series /p t k kw/. In this paper, I measure the voice onset time, consonant duration, and percent voicing in stops produced by five L1 Witzapan Nawat speakers. I find that, while /p t kw/ have acoustic characteristics of voiceless stops in practically all contexts, the velar stop in this language is better analyzed as a voiced velar stop /ɡ/ rather than /k/. This results in an asymmetrical and unusual stop system that is not predicted by some theories of phonemic inventory structure. For instance, markedness-based theories propose that /ɡ/ is more marked that /b d/ and predict that, if a language has one voiced stop, it would be /b/ or /d/ rather than /ɡ/. On the other hand, feature-systemic models predict that, if a language has a stop with the [+voice] feature at a given place of articulation, it will also tend to have this feature in stops at other points of articulation to maximize feature economy. The phonemic inventory of Witzapan Nawat contradicts these predictions. I explain the asymmetrical stop inventory of this language as the result of diachronic developments involving sound change and analogy, concluding that language change does not necessarily advance towards symmetry and that phonemic inventories are the reflection of their diachrony, as proposed by Evolutionary Phonology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. A Four-Speed Reform: A Typology for Legal Capacity Reforms in Latin American Countries.
- Author
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Constantino Caycho, Renato Antonio and Bregaglio Lazarte, Renata Anahí
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LAW reform ,PEOPLE with disabilities ,REFORMS - Abstract
In the past few years, Latin American countries have started to enact changes in their legal capacity regulations regarding persons with disabilities. However, even when these changes started over eight years ago, there were few to no analyses on the matter. In addition, there is no encompassing theory or typology on how these reforms happen and on their effects. In the present paper, we propose two axes of analysis for the reforms: enforceability and compliance with Article 12 of the CRPD. This matrix allows for four kinds of reforms: incipient, formal, conciliatory and radical. Using this matrix, we examined the legislative changes in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru. Incipient reforms (Mexico) are not that effective but can lead to serious later change. Formal reforms (the Dominican Republic, El Salvador and Nicaragua) have few to no effects. Conciliatory reforms (Argentina, Brazil and Costa Rica) are a legislative compromise that allows for progressive change. Finally, radical reforms create encompassing change that is good but might create problems in the implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. The Implications of Migration Governance and Colonial Structures in Humanitarian Organisations in Mexico.
- Author
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Rosales, Erika Herrera
- Subjects
COLONIAL administration ,MASS migrations ,PATERNALISM ,PHILANTHROPISTS ,NONGOVERNMENTAL organizations ,SUSPICION - Abstract
Non-government organisations (NGOs) have emerged in Mexico to support migrants while also cooperating with governmental institutions. Based on nine months of fieldwork, this paper explores the ambivalences within humanitarian organisations that aid migrants from Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador. First, this article suggests that organisations engage in practices of mistrust and policing of migrants that do not align with their intention to safeguard them. Second, it argues that NGOs facilitate instances of paternalism to control migrants in their shelters and further subordinate them. Finally, it addresses how local organisations and shelters resolved the duality of care and control by punishing migrants. NGOs are drawn to reinforce the power structures that govern global migration. This is often in contradiction to their caring and supportive roles. As a result, NGOs replicate entrenched racialising discourse, power inequalities and control over mobile subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Agroecologia e saúde em horta comunitária: Intercâmbio de saberes e fazeres com comunidades acadêmica e não acadêmica.
- Author
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Nery Pereira, Renan, Mendes Paim, Joyce, Nascimento de Carvalho, Ítalo, and Petitinga Silva, Patrícia
- Subjects
COMMUNITY gardens ,VEGETABLE gardening ,TRADITIONAL knowledge ,HEALTH education ,COLLEGE students ,TRADITIONAL ecological knowledge - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Extensão Universitária is the property of Revista Brasileira de Extensao Universitaria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
30. Military Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis in Latin America: Military Presence, Autonomy, and Human Rights Violations.
- Author
-
Acacio, Igor, Passos, Anaís M., and Pion-Berlin, David
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,INFERENCE (Logic) ,HUMAN rights violations ,STAY-at-home orders ,HUMAN rights ,MEDICAL care ,UNITED States armed forces ,PREPAREDNESS ,PUBLIC safety - Abstract
The military in Latin America has been extensively involved in pandemic relief operations. This paper analyses the impact of militarization of pandemic relief operations on human rights. It argues that not all militarization is equally harmful to individuals in the region. When troops assume responsibilities regarding medical care and logistical support, human rights violations do not follow. When involved in policing the stay-at-home orders, the extent of human rights violations is explained by the level of operational autonomy the military has in public security operations. The more autonomous the military, more likely abuses are to occur. Additionally, military exposure to judicial prosecution for human rights offenses contributes to the explanation. After gathering original empirical evidence from 14 Latin American democracies on military presence in pandemic relief, we draw our inferences from process tracing on four comparative case studies of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and El Salvador. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Shithole rhetorics.
- Author
-
Bahrainwala, Lamiyah
- Subjects
GREEN cards ,RHETORIC ,ISLAMOPHOBIA ,POPULAR culture ,ANXIETY - Abstract
In 2018, U.S. President Donald Trump described El Salvador, Haiti, and the continent of Africa as "shitholes" in a meeting about immigration. This comment, which was readily legible as racist, is situated within a larger toileting discourse that deploys what I call "shithole rhetorics" to further anti-Muslim and anti-queer anxieties. These anxieties cluster around the anatomy and infrastructure of shitholes, i.e., anuses and squat toilets. I examine shithole rhetorics in several Trumpian texts to expose the bizarre role of toileting in U.S. nationalist discourse. Additionally, I examine toileting texts from popular culture that seek to interrupt such shithole rhetorics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Corporate Networks and Business Influence in Panama, Costa Rica, and El Salvador.
- Author
-
Cárdenas, Julián and Robles-Rivera, Francisco
- Subjects
BUSINESS networks ,CAMPAIGN funds ,ECONOMIC elites ,POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICAL participation ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. "A Daily Born and Dying": Dynamics of Affective-Semiotic Self-Regulation Involved in Early Intervention Practices with Children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome.
- Author
-
Brito, Nara Jesus, Pontes, Vívian Volkmer, and Bustamante, Vania
- Subjects
ZIKA virus infections ,PUBLIC health ,PERFORMANCE in children ,MEDIATORS (Persons) ,SYNDROMES in children - Abstract
From 2015 to 2016, an epidemic of births of children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome emerged in Brazil, and the state of Bahia concentrated the highest incidence of cases. The official health guidelines recommended that the affected children and their families should be supported by interdisciplinary teams of early intervention. This paper aims to deepen the comprehension of regulation and affective-semiotic mediation processes involved in the early intervention with children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome and their families. It focus on the experiences of a professional interviewed in a public health service in Salvador, Bahia – Brazil, through narrative analysis and the theoretical-methodological foundations of Cultural Psychology of the Semiotic Dynamics. These approaches allowed the understanding of the processes of construction of meanings, symbolic action and affective-semiotic regulation. The care of Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome children by professionals relates to disquieting experiences, inter subjectivity, meaning construction, affections and symbolic actions. These dynamic processes allowed the professional to better adapt to regulation and affective-semiotic mediation, as well as her own performance in face of children and their families. This analysis emphasizes the reflections of health care practices and their repercussions in the quality of the assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. THE SLIPPERY SLOPE OF ABORTION RIGHTS: THE MANUELA V. EL SALVADOR INFANTICIDE DECISION BY THE INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS.
- Author
-
De Jesus Castaldi, Ligia
- Subjects
PRO-choice movement ,HUMAN rights ,CRIMINAL procedure ,LEGAL services - Abstract
In an unprecedented holding for any international human rights court, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights ordered El Salvador to create impunity for infanticide, to carry out criminal procedure law reform to inhibit its prosecution, and to inhibit enforcement of El Salvador's ban on abortion in Manuela v. El Salvador, decided in November 2021. This paper analyzes the case's factual, legal and political context, and challenges the validity of the judgment's holdings under the American Convention on Human Rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
35. Funcionamiento familiar como posible factor que modula los niveles de empatía en estudiantes de odontología.
- Author
-
Estrada-Méndez, Nuvia, Aldana Salguero, Jennifer Elizabeth, Alfaro Ortiz, Brenda Nathaly, Calzadilla-Núñez, Aracelis, Reyes-Reyes, Alejandro, and Patricio Díaz-Narváez, Víctor
- Subjects
EMPATHY ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,ANALYSIS of variance ,RESEARCH methodology ,CROSS-sectional method ,QUANTITATIVE research ,FACTOR analysis ,FAMILY relations ,STATISTICAL sampling - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud (RIICS) is the property of Fundacion Universitaria Maria Cano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Accesibilidad en San Salvador, hacia la evaluación de movilidades cotidianas desde el enfoque de la sostenibilidad social.
- Author
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Grande Ayala, Carlos Ernesto, Funes Ayala, Boris Ernesto, Alfaro Henríquez, Manuel Alejandro, Miranda Ventura, Tatiana Mariel, and Gracias, Fabio
- Subjects
URBAN planning ,DEVELOPING countries ,GEOGRAPHIC information systems ,SUSTAINABLE urban development ,INFORMATION resources ,ORGANIZATIONAL structure - Abstract
Copyright of Territorios: Revista de Estudios Regionales y Urbanos is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Populism, Religion, and Social Media in Central America.
- Author
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Siles, Ignacio, Guevara, Erica, Tristán-Jiménez, Larissa, and Carazo, Carolina
- Subjects
SOCIAL media ,POLITICAL campaigns ,CHARISMATIC authority ,COMMUNICATION styles ,DISCOURSE analysis ,CHARISMA ,ELECTIONS - Abstract
This paper analyzes how presidential candidates Fabricio Alvarado and Nayib Bukele used Facebook during the elections in Costa Rica (2018) and El Salvador (2019) respectively to develop a particular style of communication that blended populist elements and religious discourse. This style of communication extended traditional modes of populism that have prevailed in Latin America since the turn of the century (emphasizing the notion of the hero who comes to rescue "the people") but expressed them in an explicitly religious way (stressing the role of a "messiah" who comes to alter the established political order). We conducted both content and multimodal discourse analyses of 838 posts made by these candidates on Facebook during their respective electoral campaigns. We argue that the study of these campaigns would be incomplete without accounting for the relationship between populism, religion, and social media. While populism gave political validity to religious discourse, a religious imaginary provided populism with charismatic and messianic authority. This populist/religious reason found an ideal expression in Facebook and, simultaneously, was resignified by this platform's affordances. In this way, we assess how fundamentalist Christianity has become a legitimating force of knowledge and politics in the context of epistemic tensions that shape contemporary Latin-American societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The "Ketu Nation" of Brazilian Candomblé in Historical Context.
- Author
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Castillo, Lisa Earl
- Subjects
HISTORIC sites ,SLAVE trade ,CULTURAL property - Abstract
The Afro-Brazilian religion of Candomblé arose during the Atlantic slave trade and has unmistakable Yorùbá influences. In the city of Salvador, the term nação ketu [Ketu nation] is used among the oldest temples in describing Yorùbá heritage. This has led some scholars to assume that the founders came from the Yorùbá kingdom by that name. This paper critically examines the idea of Kétu origins, taking as a case study the temple Ilê Axé Iyá Nassô Oká, a national historic heritage site in Brazil that is recognized by UNESCO as a site of diasporic memory. The paper shows that the first generations of leadership were dominated by people from Ọ̀yọ́ and that the term ketu emerged not as an allusion to ethnic origins but perhaps as a metaphor for a heterogeneous cultural context in which Yorùbá speakers from disparate regions lived in close coexistence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Strategic management practices in Central American micro family enterprises: The case of the commercial sector in El Salvador.
- Author
-
Flores‐Hernández, Edwin R., García‐Alonso, Carlos R., and Hervás‐Martínez, César
- Subjects
FAMILY-owned business enterprises ,STRATEGIC planning ,SMALL business ,CORPORATE governance ,BALANCED scorecard ,ENTREPRENEURSHIP - Abstract
This paper analyses the characteristics of family microenterprises (San Salvador, El Salvador) regarding competitiveness, entrepreneurship, strategic design, decision‐making process, and corporate governance practices. By applying clustering algorithms, it was possible to identify company profiles based on their strategic, entrepreneurial, and decision‐making practices. Variables not used for clustering were analyzed to explain a microenterprise's inclusion in a profile. The goal of this research are to help policy makers and managers understand the behavior of family microenterprises in a very complicated socioeconomic environment and to guide policy design to promote more organized and competitive business structures in compromised socioeconomic situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Transport and density of population groups in the urban area of the city of Salvador.
- Author
-
Carvalho, Daniel S. A. and Santos, Gervásio F.
- Subjects
CITIES & towns ,URBAN density ,URBAN growth ,CITY traffic ,BLACK people ,PUBLIC spaces - Abstract
Copyright of Regional Science Policy & Practice is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Solar Radiation Forecasting Using Machine Learning and Ensemble Feature Selection.
- Author
-
Solano, Edna S., Dehghanian, Payman, and Affonso, Carolina M.
- Subjects
FEATURE selection ,SOLAR radiation ,FORECASTING ,RANDOM forest algorithms ,TIME perspective ,MACHINE learning - Abstract
Accurate solar radiation forecasting is essential to operate power systems safely under high shares of photovoltaic generation. This paper compares the performance of several machine learning algorithms for solar radiation forecasting using endogenous and exogenous inputs and proposes an ensemble feature selection method to choose not only the most related input parameters but also their past observations values. The machine learning algorithms used are: Support Vector Regression (SVR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBT), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) and Voting-Average (VOA), which integrates SVR, XGBT and CatBoost. The proposed ensemble feature selection is based on Pearson coefficient, random forest, mutual information and relief. Prediction accuracy is evaluated based on several metrics using a real database from Salvador, Brazil. Different prediction time-horizons are considered: 1 h, 2 h and 3 h ahead. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed ensemble feature selection approach improves forecasting accuracy and that VOA performs better than the other algorithms in all prediction time horizons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. EL SIMBOLISMO DE LA INGENIERÍA EN LOS RETRATOS DEL BARÓN DE CARONDELET (1748-1807).
- Author
-
Morales Folguera, José Miguel
- Subjects
ENLIGHTENMENT ,HISPANIC Americans ,AMERICAN art ,ENGINEERING ,GOVERNORS ,MAYORS - Abstract
Copyright of Quiroga: Revista de Patrimonio Iberoamericano is the property of Quiroga: Revista de Patrimonio Iberoamericano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Bikuda: hair, aesthetic, and bodily perspectives from women in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
- Author
-
Means, Sheryl Felecia
- Subjects
AESTHETICS ,SOCIAL status ,HAIR ,PLURALITY voting ,SEMI-structured interviews ,MAN-woman relationships ,HIGHER education ,DRESS codes - Abstract
The Steve Biko Cultural Institute (Biko) is one of various institutions that aim to educate civically active Afro-descendant youth in Salvador who hope to enter higher education spaces. From this institution emerge the Bikudas, the female students. This paper analyzes semi-structured interviews and observations of this group from 2015 to 2016 and their shared experiences. The three aims of the paper are as follows regarding analysis of: (1) the plurality of Black identity; (2) the intersectionality Bikudas navigate as part of their social positioning within family, and relationships; and (3) how Black womanhood manifests on the body. This paper discusses how participants described their social standing as the lowest rank and struggled with their interactions with others on the basis of color, were often rejected by family members for wearing their hair naturally and assuming outward markers of Black identity, and endured greater socioeconomic burdens than their male counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Medical Brigades to El Salvador and Honduras: Travel imaginaries and volunteer tourist recruitment.
- Author
-
Morrissey, Marietta
- Subjects
VOLUNTEER recruitment ,ECONOMIC underdevelopment ,VOLUNTEER service ,VOLUNTEER tourism ,INTERNATIONAL adoption - Abstract
In this paper, I explore travel imaginaries in the recruitment of participants to short-term medical brigades in El Salvador and Honduras. I look in particular at how trip leaders and organization website frame the volunteer tourist experience, drawing on familiar, shared imaginaries of poor, backward international settings, and related performative interventions that echo white colonial relationships. Recruitment messaging offers little specific or informed sense of place, ignoring the national histories and socio-economic circumstances of the receiving countries. As a consequence, the health profiles and capacities of El Salvador and Honduras are finally obscured in favor of the valorized performance of visitors and externally-driven protocols and care. The efforts of some brigade sponsors and related organizations to improve health-care delivery to local communities, in particular fundraising among brigade participants and other donors, would seem to separate the link between travel and volunteerism. They continue, however, to reinforce broadly-held imaginaries of international poverty and economic backwardness and related rescue by the Global North. A more realistic understanding of Honduran and Salvadoran economies and politics remains elusive and requires a reorientation of voluntary engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. State Presence, Armed Actors, and Criminal Violence in Central America.
- Author
-
Cruz, José Miguel and Vorobyeva, Yulia
- Subjects
NON-state actors (International relations) ,COMMUNITIES ,VIOLENCE ,VIOLENCE in the community ,CRIMINALS ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between the perceived presence of state forces and non-state actors and the levels of criminal violence affecting Central America. It contends that state presence in some communities does not necessarily lead to lower crime levels than communities where state institutions are absent. The data of this study come from three nationally representative surveys conducted in Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador. The findings suggest that state forces, such as the police and the military, have a limited role in reducing criminal violence rates. In contrast, non-state armed actors, such as vigilantes and community groups, may have a more significant role in reducing violence in some circumstances. We analyze these findings as evidence of the complex relationships between state actors, non-state actors, and criminal violence in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. 'Accumulation by appropriation': The integration of recyclable-waste collector cooperatives in Salvador, Brazil, and the right to the city.
- Author
-
Manzi, Maya, Santana, Joilson Santos, and Marchi, Cristina Maria Dacach Fernandez
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL relations ,WASTE management ,LEGAL recognition ,CIVIL rights ,RIGHT to work (Human rights) ,CITIES & towns - Abstract
This paper analyzes the intersection between waste, value, and the right to the city within the context of the Municipal Recycling Collection Program in Salvador, Brazil. It shows how the legal recognition of recyclable-waste collectors as legitimate workers and their integration into municipal practices of waste management has not materialized into improved working conditions and has done nothing to advance their struggle for the right to the city. A critical value perspective on this specific case demonstrates that waste and "humans-as-waste" "switching" from not-value to value-in-the-making does not represent a way of escaping abjection and exploitation. Instead, the inclusion of cooperative collectors into the municipal recycling collection program has resulted in new forms of dispossession, through state-increased control over recyclables and in the municipality appropriating the value produced by the struggles, knowledge, and informal collective labor of the collectors. The right to the city for waste workers in Salvador therefore entails the right to work with dignity and the re-appropriation of waste as the urban commons to create livelihoods based on labor relations and regimes of value against and beyond capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Repatriación en Latinoamérica durante la pandemia: drama humanitario y derechos humanos.
- Author
-
Gaete-Quezada, Ricardo
- Subjects
FREEDOM of movement ,COVID-19 pandemic ,RETURN migration ,WORLD health ,INTERNATIONAL relations ,HUMAN rights ,GEOGRAPHIC boundaries ,MAPUCHE (South American people) - Abstract
Copyright of Hallazgos: Revista de Investigaciones is the property of Ediciones USTA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. CORTEJO DO DOIS DE JULHO EM SALVADOR: DIÁLOGOS ENTRE: a história cultural e os estudos organizacionais.
- Author
-
Cabral Almeida, Priscila
- Subjects
CULTURAL history ,POLITICAL affiliation ,RESEARCH personnel ,PARADES - Abstract
Copyright of Políticas Culturais em Revista is the property of Politicas Culturais em Revista and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
49. Kvartérní sedimenty a nálezy rostlinných fosilií v Salvadoru, Střední Amerika.
- Author
-
VOREL, TOMÁŠ, KVAČEK, ZLATKO, HAVLÍČEK, PAVEL, HRADECKÝ, PETR, OPLETAL, MOJMÍR, ŠEVČÍK, JOSEF, and MAŠEK, DALIBOR
- Subjects
FOSSIL trees ,FOSSIL plants ,LAKE sediments ,ALLUVIAL fans ,GEOLOGICAL surveys ,EROSION ,VOLCANOES ,MASS-wasting (Geology) - Abstract
Development cooperation projects implemented by the Czech Geological Survey in the area of Central America, focused on the evaluation of natural hazards, took place in the years 1997-2009. They started in Nicaragua (since 1997), continued in El Salvador (since 2003) and then also in Costa Rica (since 2006). The results of these projects were always handed over to local organizations (INETER, SNET and MINAE) in the form of final reports, and summarized last year in the book by Hradecký et al. 2021. As a supplement to this book, we present here some other findings of projects in El Salvador (from the years 2003-2005) that did not fit into its scope. They relate to the geology of Quaternary sediments and interesting findings of plant fossils preserved in the Neogene volcanosedimentary complexes. In the 2003 stage, work took place in the Gulf of Fonseca in south--eastern part of El Salvador, with the dominant volcano Conchagua and the important port of La Unión. In addition to classic Quaternary sediments, the following phenomena were described: oyster hems (rims) around the islands of Periquito and Perico, volcaniclastic rocks ("tobas") fallen into the lake environment near the Los Chorros lagoon (Břízová et al. 2004), and polygenetic sediments on the slopes of the formerly active volcano Conchagua, showing the existence of debris flows and lahars. Plant fossils have been found at one locality only, in fine-grained ash deposits of the maar sequence near El Naranjo (Figs 1 to 3). In the 2004 stage, work took place inland, in an area north of the capital city San Salvador, with the dominant volcano Guazapa. In addition to the classical Quaternary sediments, the following phenomena were described: polygenetic sediments of the depressions north of the town of Aguilares (Figs 4 to 9) and outcrops of lake sediments, exposed in the north of the studied territory on steep slopes near the Río Lempa dam (Fig. 10), south-east of the city of Colima (Havlíček - Vorel 2005). In the same area, on the bank of the dam near the town of San Cristobal, interesting consolidated (cemented) mudflows with the occurrence of fossil wood were also documented (Figs 11 and 12). In the year 2004, a paleontological expedition to the Río Sisimico canyon, about 40 km to the SE from the primarily studied area (Figs 13 to 16), was also carried out. The findings of plant remains from this locality are shown in Figs 17 to 22. Plant remains were further found at two localities in the primarily studied area: Suchitoto (Figs 23 to 29) and in the area south of El Molino (only indeterminable remains). Charred (and buried) tree trunks were also found in the white pumice tuffs called "Tierra Blanca" in several places of the studied area (Fig. 30). In the 2005 stage, the work took place in the north-western part of El Salvador, near the borders with Guatemala and Honduras, in the vicinity of the Metapán city. In addition to classic Quaternary sediments (Figs 31 and 32), the following phenomena were described: three generations of alluvial fans (alluvial gravels and sands) near the Metapán city, "kettle holes" created by water erosion in the river bottom (Fig. 33) and aeolian (wind-deposited) sediments from the Matalapa desert. The most interesting, however, were the secondarily tilted (and not yet fully consolidated) gravels and sands of the oldest generation of alluvial fans in the south-western surroundings of the city of Metapán (Figs 34 to 39). In the open cut along the CA12 road to Metapán (La Pedrera area, Fig. 40), small, although indeterminable remains of flora and possibly also fauna (fish scales?) in diatomite-like rocks were found. However, the locality is promising for future research. All the findings published in this paper were also mentioned in the final reports which were handed over in Spanish translation to the Salvadoran SNET institution (Hradecký et al. 2003, 2004 and 2005). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. ARQUEOLOGÍA DE AXÉ: UNA ETNOGRAFÍA DEL ENCANTO DE LA ARQUEOLOGÍA.
- Author
-
Nunes Novaes, Luciana de Castro
- Subjects
MAGIC ,TECHNICAL writing ,AFRICAN diaspora ,ARCHAEOLOGY ,RITUAL ,DIASPORA ,IRON - Abstract
Copyright of Revista de Arqueología Histórica Argentina y Latinoamericana is the property of Revista de Arqueologia Historica Argentina y Latinoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
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