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The China‐France ocean satellite (CFOSAT) has obtained synchronized observations of sea winds and sea waves for the first time in the world, providing accurate data support for the study of swells. In this paper, the accuracy of key parameters and the wave spectrum of CFOSAT surface waves investigation and monitoring (SWIM) L2 data are analyzed and evaluated using a spatial‐temporal matching criterion. The accuracies of the significant wave height (SWH), spectrum peak period (Tp) and dominant azimuth (Azi) are 0.76 m, 2.89 s and −24.02°, respectively, in the coastal area of the South China Sea (SCS) and 0.30 m, 0.97 s and 13.02° in the offshore area of the SCS. Calculated based on CFOSAT SWIM data, the annual average SWH of mixed waves in the SCS is 1.47 m, and 80% of them are between 0.5 and 3 m. There are high value areas in the central, northeastern and southwestern parts of the SCS. The average annual SWH of swells is 0.93 m, and 99% of swells are less than 2 m. A high swell SWH also exists in the central part of the SCS. Plain Language Summary: Swells are an important marine resource. Due to their long propagation distance and fast propagation speed, they can effectively forecast storm surge. They also have large energy and good stability, which are conducive to acquisition and conversion, and they have become a new method for offshore power generation. China‐France ocean satellite provides a convenient means to observe waves and to verify the accuracy of wave parameters, which is an important step for wave detection. The South China Sea, with its vast sea area and abundant swell energy reserves, is an ideal area for offshore power generation. Understanding the distribution of swell energy in the South China Sea (SCS) provides an opportunity to explore a sustainable and reliable renewable energy source. The SCS is also important and significant to the development and utilization of swell energy and for the site selection of offshore power stations. Key Points: Precision valuation of surface waves investigation and monitoring L2 data such as significant wave height (SWH), spectrum peak period (Tp), dominant azimuth (Azi) were carried out and it was determined that the data were stableThe annual average SWH in the South China Sea is 1.47 m and 80% of them are between 0.5 and 3 mWind‐swell separation was carried out, and the distribution of swell SWH shows a high value in the central part of the South China Sea [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate estimation of the near-surface chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration in turbid estuaries via remote sensing is an ongoing challenge. Recently, with the successful launch of the third satellite of the China Ocean Colour Satellite Series, HY-1 C, equipped with the Coastal Zone Imager (CZI) with a 3-day revisit period and 50-m resolution in four bands, this study constructed a Chl-a inversion model via symbolic regression (SR) in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) considering 60 in situ samples to explore the current ocean colour monitoring potential of the CZI. Compared to five state-of-the-art algorithms, the SR model attained a lower mean absolute percentage error (MAPE, 35.51%), mean absolute error (MAE, 1.56) and root-mean-square error (RMSE, 0.24). Additionally, the Chl-a spatial distributions determined with the SR model also better coincided with those determined with synchronous satellite products. The above results indicate that the SR model performed better than the five state-of-the-art models and could be effectively applied to turbid PRE waters. This research may provide a reference regarding the practicality and feasibility of the CZI in water environment monitoring in coastal and estuarial waters at a high temporal-spatial resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The China-France Oceanography SATellite (CFOSAT), launched on 29 October 2018, is a joint mission developed by China and France. To evaluate the CFOSAT wind product, L2B swath data with a spatial resolution of 25 × 25 km were compared with in situ measurements between December 2018 and December 2020. The in situ measurements were collected from 217 buoys. All buoy winds were adjusted to 10 m height using a simple logarithmic correction method. The temporal and spatial separations between the CFOSAT and in situ measurements were restricted to less than 30 min and 0.25°. The results indicate that the CFOSAT wind retrievals agree well with the buoy measurements. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of wind vectors were 1.39 m s−1 and 34.32° and negligible biases were found. In the near shore under rain-free conditions, the RMSEs were enhanced to 1.42 m s−1 and 33.43°. Similarly, the RMSEs were reduced to 1.16 m s−1 and 30.41° offshore after the rain effect was removed. After winds less than 4 m s−1 were removed, the RMSE of wind directions was reduced to 19.69°. The effects of significant wave height, air-sea temperature difference, sea surface temperature, atmospheric pressure and ocean surface current on the wind residuals were assessed. The performance of wind retrievals under the passage of tropical cyclones was evaluated. The evaluation results show that the CFOSAT wind retrievals satisfy the accuracy requirements of scientific research, although some improvements are needed to enhance the performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hangzhou Bay (HZB) is the largest macro-tidal bay in China, where suspended sediment concentrations are significantly modulated by tidal oscillations. This makes it an ideal area for the study of the impact of tide on temporal–spatial variation in suspended sediment. The GaoFen-4 (GF-4) satellite is the first high-resolution geosynchronous orbiting satellite of China. It exhibits the unique advantages of capturing minute variations and finer details of total suspended matter (TSM) due to the enhancement in spatial resolution (50 m) and observation time interval (20 s). In this study, TSM concentration of the HZB was retrieved based on the GF-4 satellite. The spatial distribution and minute variations of TSM concentration under the ebb tide from 7:30 to 7:40 a.m. on 28 August 2017, were analyzed. The results showed that the average TSM concentration inside HZB was (371.8 ± 1.8) mg/L. There was a linearly increasing trend of TSM concentration at ebb tide, with an increment of (3.96 ± 0.31) (mg/L)/min, and a more significant increase was observed in the high TSM areas. This increase in TSM concentration was associated with both the bottom topography and tide processes. The tidal potential energy generated by the tidal range and the strong shear stress generated by the high current velocity both led to the re-suspension of the sedimentary particles, which affected the variation of TSM concentration. In addition, the influence of bottom topography changed the intensity of re-suspension and also affected the distribution of TSM concentration in HZB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The research aimed to detect the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP4V2 gene and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk., Methods: This case-control study included 487 CHD subjects and 487 healthy individuals. Logistic regression was performed to analyze the connection between five SNPs in CYP4V2 (rs1398007, rs13146272, rs3736455, rs1053094, and rs56413992) and CHD risk, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the connection., Results: As a result, we found that rs56413992 T allele (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.09-1.70, p = 0.007) and CT genotype (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.06-1.83, p = 0.017) were significantly associated with an increased risk of CHD in the overall analysis. Precisely, rs56413992 was linked to an elevated risk of CHD in people aged > 60, males, smokers and drinkers. The study also indicated that rs1398007 was linked to an increased CHD risk in drinkers. In addition, rs1053094 was correlated with a decreased risk of CHD complicated with diabetes mellitus (DM), and rs1398007 was correlated with a decreased risk of CHD complicated with hypertension (HTN)., Conclusion: This study was the first to experimentally demonstrate that CYP4V2 rs56413992 was associated with the risk of CHD, which will provide a certain reference for revealing the pathogenesis of CHD., (© 2023. The Author(s).)