1. Small‐for‐gestational‐age and predictors of HOMA indices, leptin and adiponectin in infancy.
- Author
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Huang, Rong, He, Hua, Nuyt, Anne Monique, Julien, Pierre, Marc, Isabelle, Levy, Emile, Fraser, William D., and Luo, Zhong‐Cheng
- Subjects
LEPTIN ,ADIPONECTIN ,SMALL for gestational age ,INFANTS ,BIRTH weight - Abstract
Aim: To assess whether small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) – an indicator of poor fetal growth, may affect metabolic health biomarkers in infancy and explore the predictors. Methods: This was a nested matched (1:2) prospective observational study of 65 SGA (birth weight < 10th percentile) and 130 optimal‐for‐gestational‐age (OGA, birth weight 25th‐75th percentiles, control) infants in the 3D birth cohort with subjects recruited in Canada from 1 May 2010 to 31 August 2012. The outcomes included homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and beta‐cell function (HOMA‐β), circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations at age 2 years. Results: HOMA‐IR, HOMA‐β, leptin and adiponectin concentrations were similar in SGA versus OGA infants. Female sex and accelerated growth in length during mid‐infancy (3–12 months) were associated with higher HOMA‐IR. Caucasian ethnicity and decelerated growth in weight during late infancy (12–24 months) were associated with lower HOMA‐IR. Current BMI was positively associated with circulating adiponectin in SGA infants only (+13.4% [4.0%–23.7%] per BMI z score increment). Conclusion: Insulin resistance and secretion, circulating leptin and adiponectin levels were normal in SGA subjects in infancy at age 2 years. The novel observation in SGA‐specific positive association between current BMI and circulating adiponectin suggests dysfunctional adiposity‐adiponectin negative feedback loop development during infancy in SGA subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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