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In this paper, we present a new method for converting boundary value problems of impulsive fractional differential equations to integral equations. Applications of this method are given to solve some types of anti-periodic boundary value problems for impulsive fractional differential equations. Firstly by using iterative method, we prove existence and uniqueness of solutions of Cauchy problems of differential equations involving Caputo fractional derivative, Riemann–Liouville and Hadamard fractional derivatives with order q ∈ ( 0 , 1 ) {q\in(0,1)} , see Theorem 2, Theorem 4, Theorem 6 and Theorem 8. Then we obtain exact expression of piecewise continuous solutions of these fractional differential equations see Theorem 1, Theorem 2, Theorem 3 and Theorem 4. Finally, four classes of integral type anti-periodic boundary value problems of singular fractional differential equations with impulse effects are proposed. Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of solutions of these problems. See Theorems 4.1–4.4. We allow the nonlinearity p ⁢ ( t ) ⁢ f ⁢ ( t , x ) {p(t)f(t,x)} in fractional differential equations to be singular at t = 0 , 1 {t=0,1} and be involved a super-linear and sub-linear term. The analysis relies on Schaefer’s fixed point theorem. In order to avoid misleading readers, we correct the results in [28] and [65]. We establish sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of an anti-periodic boundary value problem for impulsive fractional differential equation. The results in [68] are complemented. The results in [81] are corrected. See Lemma 5.1, Lemma 5.7, Lemma 5.10 and Lemma 5.13.

A survey for studies on boundary value problems of higher order ordinary differential equations is given firstly. Secondly a simple review for studies on solvability of boundary value problems for impulsive fractional differential equations is presented. Thirdly by using a general method for converting an impulsive fractional differential equation with the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives to an equivalent integral equation and employing fixed point theorems in Banach space, we establish existence results of solutions for three classes of boundary value problems ($(n,n-k)$ type BVPs) of impulsive higher order fractional differential equations. Some examples are presented to illustrate the efficiency of the results obtained and some mistakes are also corrected at the end of the paper finally. A conclusion section is given at the end of the paper.