21,855 results on '"DEVELOPMENT economics"'
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2. Introduction
- Author
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Iltis, Ana S., MacKay, Douglas, Iltis, Ana S., book editor, and MacKay, Douglas, book editor
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. FINANCIAL INCLUSION AND INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ON TAX PERFORMANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA.
- Author
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Adeyemo, Kingsley Aderemi, Adeyanju, Ibukunoluwa Temiloluwa, Ekundayo, Gbenga, Adegboye, Alex, and Ali, Shahnawaz
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INFORMATION technology ,PERFORMANCE technology ,FOREIGN investments ,POLITICAL science ,NONPERFORMING loans ,DEVELOPMENT economics ,DEPOSIT insurance - Abstract
This document is a compilation of research articles and papers that examine the impact of financial inclusion and technology on tax performance and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. The studies analyze various factors such as institutions, colonialism, gender, digital financial inclusion, taxation, revenue mobilization, income inequality, and the use of information communication technology in tax administration. The research suggests that improving financial inclusion and technology can have positive effects on tax revenue and economic development in the region. However, further research is needed to fully understand the complexities and potential challenges associated with these factors. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
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4. First Annual Lecture in the Laws of Social Reproduction 18 August 2020: Visibility and Value at Work: The Legal Organization of Productive and Reproductive Work.
- Author
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Rittich, Kerry
- Subjects
VIOLENCE in the workplace ,SOCIAL reproduction ,WOMEN'S rights ,VIOLENCE against women ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,POLITICAL science ,CAPITALISM ,DEVELOPMENT economics - Abstract
This article explores the concept of reproductive work and its undervaluation in society. The author argues for dismantling the distinction between productive and reproductive work, as this perpetuates the devaluation of reproductive work and allows economic growth to overshadow social reproduction. The text discusses the International Labour Organization's Convention on Domestic Work, which aims to improve the working conditions and rights of domestic workers, who are predominantly women. It also examines the role of legal rules in shaping social reproduction and the distribution of power and resources. The author emphasizes the importance of considering the historical and ongoing impact of racial, ethnic, and caste norms on work and its valuation, as well as the interconnectedness of formal and informal norms and the potential for legal interventions to bring about change. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
5. About GaDS and PJGD
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Prof. Minhaj Alam
- Subjects
interdisciplinary journal ,governance and development ,political science and international relations ,public management ,leadership ,development economics ,environmental governance ,peace and conflict ,human rights ,national and international law ,globalization ,public policy ,regional and international organizations ,gender ,international political economy ,multiculturalism ,Political science ,Economic growth, development, planning ,HD72-88 - Abstract
PanAfrican Journal of Governance and Development (PJGD) is a peer-reviewed interdisciplinary journal of Jimma University that publishes editorials, research articles, book reviews, commentaries, and notes. PJGD offers a platform for the expression of new scientific inquiries to intellectuals of the world in general and Africa & Ethiopia in particular to reflect on how governance and development can be promoted, strengthened, and consolidated. The biannual edition is published in February and August of each year only in English language. PJGD is APC Free Journal. PJGD accepts scientific works focused on the diversified areas of Governance and Development drawn from multiple disciplines of Political Science and International Relations, Public Management, Leadership, Development Economics, Environmental Governance, Peace and Conflict, Human Rights, National and International Law, Globalization, Public Policy, Regional and International Organizations, Gender, Peace and Conflict Management, International Political Economy, Multiculturalism, Civil Society, and related areas.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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6. Development Challenges of Pakistan : Constraints and Choices
- Author
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Jamil Nasir and Jamil Nasir
- Subjects
- Development economics, Economic development, Economics, Social choice, Political science, Comparative government
- Abstract
This book aims to enhance understanding of the academia, policymakers, and general readers about the development challenges and constraints on long-term economic growth of Pakistan. It offers policy prescriptions, based on relevant empirical studies and data analysis, for overcoming such constraints. The book's content is also relevant to other developing countries, particularly of South Asian region, as comparative data of a number of countries has been analyzed on various development themes and issues. Besides emphasizing the centrality of equitable economic growth and human resource development, themes like culture of growth, rising inequalities, misallocation of land and talent, developmental bureaucracy, judicial system, rent-seeking, social capital, fiscal capacities, and militancy etc. also find detailed exposition while exploring intimate causal connections of the said variables with economic growth. Empirical studies, mostly conducted in the context of developing countries, have been discussed to support propositions and recommend solutions for economic growth and development.
- Published
- 2024
7. Profound Changes Unseen in Centuries : An Overview of China
- Author
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Wen Wang, Jinjing Jia, Yushu Liu, Peng Wang, Wen Wang, Jinjing Jia, Yushu Liu, and Peng Wang
- Subjects
- Development economics, China—History, Political science, International relations
- Abstract
This book focuses on the current internal and external situation China is facing both from a macro perspective and a theoretical height, and puts forward practical development strategies and diplomatic ideas. It is of great methodological significance. At home, the development thought after the conclusion of the hundred-year change is the guiding thought for China's further development, and abroad, the international communication and the construction of international order highlighted by the hundred-year change also have important reference significance for the world's development.
- Published
- 2022
8. Structural Transformation of Bangladesh Economy : A South Asian Perspective
- Author
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Mustafa K. Mujeri, Neaz Mujeri, Mustafa K. Mujeri, and Neaz Mujeri
- Subjects
- Development economics, Asia—Economic conditions, Economic development, Economic policy, Economic history, Political science
- Abstract
This book examines the theory and global evidence on structural transformation along with stylised facts and implications using, among others, a dynamic panel model, for South Asia. The characteristics of the structural transformation process in Bangladesh bring out the relevance of a comprehensive and inclusive South Asian ‘brand'in view of the challenges of large population size, high burden of poverty, rising inequalities and its compulsion to achieve rapid and sustained inclusive development.The analysis highlights several distinct characteristics of Bangladesh's structural transformation including changes in value added, trade, employment, productivity, formal-informal jobs, and opportunities for low-skilled workers. The book suggests that the manufacturing sector could not create the required number of jobs and generate rapid absolute and relative productivity gains in the Bangladesh economy. Although the services sector has largely led output and employment growth, servicessubsectors with strong labour absorptive capacity have low average productivity. Hence, growth-enhancing structural transformation led by these subsectors is likely to be less dynamic than required for rapid employment-creating growth in the economy. The book's analysis on COVID-19 and cyclone Amphan shows that an integrated disaster and development paradigm is needed for Bangladesh. An inclusive and health and well-being focused structural transformation presents the pathway to advance the people-centred approach to development in Bangladesh through both vulnerability reduction and investments in sustainable development that would offset both known and unknown disaster threats. The key for Bangladesh is to skillfully manage the ‘developer's dilemma'of achieving both structural transformation in terms of large productivity gains and inclusive growth for reducing poverty and rising inequalities. This book is relevant to students, academicians and development practitioners and others interested in contemporary development.
- Published
- 2021
9. Emerging States and Economies : Their Origins, Drivers, and Challenges Ahead
- Author
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Takashi Shiraishi, Tetsushi Sonobe, Takashi Shiraishi, and Tetsushi Sonobe
- Subjects
- Economic policy, Development economics, China—History, Asia—History, Political science, International economic relations
- Abstract
This open access book asks why and how some of the developing countries have “emerged” under a set of similar global conditions, what led individual countries to choose the particular paths that led to their “emergence,” and what challenges confront them. If we are to understand the nature of major risks and uncertainties in the world, we must look squarely at the political and economic dynamics of emerging states, such as China, India, Brazil, Russia, and ASEAN countries. Their rapid economic development has changed the distribution of wealth and power in the world. Yet many of them have middle income status. To global governance issues, they tend to adopt approaches that differ from those of advanced industrialized democracies. At home, rapid economic growth and social changes put pressure on their institutions to change. This volume traces the historical trajectories of two major emerging states, China and India, and two city states, Hong Kong and Singapore. It also analyzes cross-country data to find the general patterns of economic development and sociopolitical change in relation to globalization and to the middle income trap.
- Published
- 2019
10. The Creation of the East Timorese Economy : Volume 2: Birth of a Nation
- Author
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Mats Lundahl, Fredrik Sjöholm, Mats Lundahl, and Fredrik Sjöholm
- Subjects
- Economic history, Asia—History, Development economics, Political science, Economic development, Power resources
- Abstract
Very little has been written on the economy of East Timor since the country's independence in 2002, and no comprehensive account exists of the economic history of the country. The former cannot be properly understood without a knowledge of the historical process that created the present-day situation. This research monograph is the first book to combine a historical analysis of the creation and development of the economy of East Timor from the earliest times to the present, and an analysis of the main contemporary problems facing the East Timorese economy. Volume II offers a detailed analysis of the economy of East Timor, of politics, fiscal policy and social progress. It pays particular attention to structural problems: employment generation and the lack of a modern sector, the modernization of agriculture and the management of the oil deposits in the Timor Sea. The first volume, available separately, considers East Timor from a chronological perspective, as a Portuguese colony, and a country occupied by Indonesia up to national independence in 2002. This book will appeal to economists, political scientists and social scientists in general as well as practitioners, since it focuses on down-to-earth problems that need to be solved for the economy to develop. The book can also be read by students both at the undergraduate and graduate levels and could be used for case studies in development.
- Published
- 2019
11. The Creation of the East Timorese Economy : Volume 1: History of a Colony
- Author
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Mats Lundahl, Fredrik Sjöholm, Mats Lundahl, and Fredrik Sjöholm
- Subjects
- Economic history, Asia—History, Development economics, Political science, Economic development, Power resources
- Abstract
This two-volume study explores the economy of East Timor, of which very little has been written since the country gained independence in 2002. Currently, no comprehensive account exists of the economic history of the country. The former cannot be properly understood without a knowledge of the historical process that created the present-day situation. This research monograph is the first book to combine a historical analysis of the creation and development of the economy of East Timor from the earliest times to the present, and an analysis of the main contemporary problems facing the East Timorese economy. Volume I considers East Timor from a chronological perspective, as an occupied country up to the point at which Indonesia leave.This book will appeal to scholars and students of economics, political and social science. It will also be of interest to practitioners in these fields as it focuses on down-to-earth problems that need to be solved for the economy todevelop.
- Published
- 2019
12. John Loxley: Radical Academic Activist.
- Author
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Serieux, John, Chernomas, Robert, and Hudson, Ian
- Subjects
- *
SOCIAL science research , *ECONOMIC decision making , *POLITICAL science , *DEVELOPMENT economics , *GOVERNMENT policy , *SOCIAL bonds , *INDIGENOUS rights - Published
- 2021
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13. Russia's Turn to the East : Domestic Policymaking and Regional Cooperation
- Author
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Helge Blakkisrud, Elana Wilson Rowe, Helge Blakkisrud, and Elana Wilson Rowe
- Subjects
- International relations, Regionalism, Political science, Russia--Politics and government, Development economics, Economic development
- Abstract
This book is open access under a CC BY license.This book explores if and how Russian policies towards the Far East region of the country – and East Asia more broadly – have changed since the onset of the Ukraine crisis and Russia's annexation of Crimea. Following the 2014 annexation and the subsequent enactment of a sanctions regime against the country, the Kremlin has emphasized the eastern vector in its external relations. But to what extent has Russia's'pivot to the East'intensified or changed in nature – domestically and internationally – since the onset of the current crisis in relations with the West? Rather than taking the declared'pivot'as a fact and exploring the consequences of it, the contributors to this volume explore whether a pivot has indeed happened or if what we see today is the continuation of longer-duration trends, concerns and ambitions.
- Published
- 2018
14. Civil War and Uncivil Development : Economic Globalisation and Political Violence in Colombia and Beyond
- Author
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David Maher and David Maher
- Subjects
- Political science, Development economics, Terrorism, Social change, Economic development, Peace, Civil war, Political violence--Colombia, Political violence, Globalization--Colombia, Globalization, Civil war--Colombia
- Abstract
This book challenges the conventional wisdom that civil war inevitably stymies economic development and that ‘civil war represents development in reverse'. While some civil wars may have adverse economic effects, Civil War and Uncivil Development posits that not all conflicts have negative economic consequences and, under certain conditions, civil war violence can bolster processes of economic development. Using Colombia as a case study, this book provides evidence that violence perpetrated by key actors of the conflict – the public armed forces and paramilitaries – has facilitated economic growth and processes of economic globalisation in Colombia (namely, international trade and foreign direct investment), with profoundly negative consequences for large swathes of civilians. The analysis also discusses the ‘development in reverse'logic in the context of other conflicts across the globe. This book will be an invaluable resource for scholars, practitioners and students in the fields of security and development, civil war studies, peace studies, the political economy of conflict and international relations.
- Published
- 2018
15. Rational Choice and Political Science
- Author
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Lohmann, Susanne and Macmillan Publishers Ltd
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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16. Mexico and the Post-2015 Development Agenda : Contributions and Challenges
- Author
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Rebecka Villanueva Ulfgard and Rebecka Villanueva Ulfgard
- Subjects
- Latin American Culture, Development Policy, Economics, International relations, Political science, Ethnology--Latin America, Political Science and International Relations, Economic policy, Development economics, International economic relations
- Abstract
This book explores how and why Mexico's approach to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) implementation with the López Obrador administration is unsustainable and non-transformative, overshadowed by his vision of Mexico's “Fourth Transformation”. Approached as a super mantra revolving around “Republican Austerity” and “First, the poor”, it provides original analysis of structural and conjunctural challenges facing Mexico as regards People-, Planet-, and Peace-centered development. The book reveals the promise “First, the poor” is inconsistent with data on Mexico's poverty reduction (SDG1). Despite record-high spending on social programs and unmatched coverage, the recent tendency of improvement in tackling poverty is rather ambiguous from the perspective of multidimensional poverty. The book covers access to clean energy (SDG7), resilient infrastructure and sustainable industrialization (SDG9), and safeguarding biodiversity(SDG15) by examining three megaproject case studies: the oil refinery Dos Bocas, the Interoceanic Corridor of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, and the Maya Train, generating concern with the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainable development. The prospects for an ‘enabling environment'for SDG implementation are hampered by persistently high levels of homicides and impunity (SDG16). Turning Mexico's Armed Forces into ‘first development partner of choice'is problematized as regards their reach in infrastructure megaprojects and social welfare programs, in the overall context of the ‘de-risking state'favoring private capital. The result, as determined by Villanueva Ulfgard, has led Mexico further astray from sustainable and transformative development.
- Published
- 2017
17. The Informal Economy in Global Perspective : Varieties of Governance
- Author
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Abel Polese, Colin C. Williams, Ioana A. Horodnic, Predrag Bejakovic, Abel Polese, Colin C. Williams, Ioana A. Horodnic, and Predrag Bejakovic
- Subjects
- Social change, Economics, Political science, Informal sector (Economics), Economic development, Economic policy, Development economics
- Abstract
This book critically engages with how formal and informal mechanisms of governance are used across the world. Specifically, it analyzes how the governance mechanisms of formal institutions are questioned, challenged and renegotiated through informal institutions. Whilst there is an emerging body of scholarship focusing on informal practices, this is scattered across a number of disciplines. This edited collection, by contrast, fosters a dialogue on these issues, moving away from monodisciplinary and normative methodologies that view informal institutions and practices simply as temporary economic phenomena. In doing so, the authors provide a wider understanding of how governance is composed of both the formal and the informal, which complement each other but are also constantly in competition. This novel approach will appeal to social scientists, economists, policy-makers, practitioners, and anyone else willing to widen their understanding of how governance works.
- Published
- 2017
18. Improving Access and Quality of Public Services in Latin America : To Govern and To Serve
- Author
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Guillermo Perry, Ramona Angelescu Naqvi, Guillermo Perry, and Ramona Angelescu Naqvi
- Subjects
- Latin American Politics, Political Science and International Relations, Development economics, Political planning, Economics, Political science, Public administration, Social policy
- Abstract
This book presents insights from several countries in Latin America and beyond on how to organize critical sectors, such as education, roads and water, to improve quality, access and affordability. The innovative, multi-disciplinary studies in this volume discuss the outcomes of decentralization, school autonomy, participatory budgeting at the local level and other accountability mechanisms. Rich quantitative analyses are complemented and enhanced by insights from interviews and quotes from those on the front lines: politicians, bureaucrats and service providers; as well as a variety of case-studies focusing on wider political economy questions, on the intricacies of political competition and governance reform, and on public spending efficiency in countries as varied as Colombia, Peru, Chile and Uruguay. As the authors demonstrate, Latin America has much to share with the rest of the world in terms of governance and public service delivery experiments and learnings.
- Published
- 2017
19. E Durojaye & G Mirugi-Mukundi (eds) Exploring the link between poverty and human rights in Africa
- Author
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Gaopalelwe Mathiba
- Subjects
Human rights ,Poverty ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Law ,Development economics ,Link (knot theory) ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,media_common - Published
- 2023
20. Urban renewal policies in the Netherlands in an era of changing welfare regimes
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Wim Ostendorf, Sako Musterd, and AISSR Other Research (FMG)
- Subjects
Urban Studies ,Political science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Development economics ,Welfare ,media_common - Abstract
In The Netherlands, post-war urban renewal policies have emerged under the influence of various welfare regimes. Corporatist and social democratic regimes promoted social justice, social cohesion, inclusion and redistribution of income; urban renewal policies stimulated social mix and area-based interventions. Both public and market partners and residents were involved. Liberal ideas became increasingly explicit from the 1990s, and became dominant after 2010. Individuality, ‘citizens own responsibility’, and cuts in public services were leading objectives. Private investors and entrepreneurs were leading the renewal, facilitated by the state. In this paper we focus on the most recent policies and their effects.
- Published
- 2023
21. The Politics of Economic Reform in Zimbabwe : Continuity and Change in Development
- Author
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Tor Skalnes and Tor Skalnes
- Subjects
- International relations, Political science, Development economics, International economic relations
- Abstract
In 1990 Zimbabwe embarked on economic liberalisation. The country's economic associations, notably that erstwhile proponent of protectionism, the Confederation of Zimbabwe Industries, had successfully lobbied for gradual reform. While state autonomy has often been regarded as a vital condition for reform, in Zimbabwe societal groups have induced an initially recalcitrant government to reconsider its basic policies. After 1980 the government tried to limit political competition. However, because of the perceived need for racial reconciliation following the guerrilla war, it maintained dialogue with settler-dominated interest groups along the pattern of societal corporatism established in the 1930s. By contrast, African associations, particularly labour unions, have regularly been subjected to regimentation. The government, however, has listened more closely to the demands of African farmers, who want to preserve parastatal marketing and governmental determination of prices. In Zimbabwe key urban groups support liberalisation while key rural groups do not. Theories of urban bias must therefore be qualified.
- Published
- 2016
22. Challenging the Orthodoxies
- Author
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Richard M. Auty, John Toye, Richard M. Auty, and John Toye
- Subjects
- Development economics, Political science, International economic relations
- Abstract
This book provides an up-to-date interdisciplinary critique of the new economic orthodoxy as represented by the Washington Consensus. The originator of the term, John Williamson, updates his original thesis which is then discussed by an interdisciplinary group of scholars that includes economists, environmentalists, political scientists, institutionalists, sociologists and a philosopher. The papers span a range of viewpoints which includes sympathetic modifications to the consensus as well as strong rejections of it.
- Published
- 2016
23. Neoliberalism and Class Conflict in Latin America : A Comparative Perspective on the Political Economy of Structural Adjustment
- Author
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H. Veltmeyer, J. Petras, S. Vieux, H. Veltmeyer, J. Petras, and S. Vieux
- Subjects
- Development economics, International economic relations, Sociology, Political science
- Abstract
The 1980s in Latin America saw the implementation of a sweeping programme of economic reforms, either imposed as a condition for securing new loans or to embrace the neoliberal doctrine of structural adjustment, the ideology of a newly formed transnational capitalist class. However, the structural adjustment programme also generated widespread resistance, especially from within the popular sector of civil society. This book analyses both the politics of the adjustment process and the political dynamics of this resistance in Latin America.
- Published
- 2016
24. African Development and Public Policy
- Author
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Stuart S. Nagel and Stuart S. Nagel
- Subjects
- Political planning, Development economics, Economic development, Political science
- Abstract
This book analyzes various important aspects of methodology and substance regarding economic, social, and political policy in Africa directed toward achieving more effective, efficient, and equitable societal institutions. The chapters are authored by experts from within Africa and also from Africa research institutes elsewhere. The book combines practical policy significance with insightful causal and prescriptive generalizations. The emphasis is on the role of governmental decision-making and the important (but secondary) role of the marketplace, social groups, and engineering.
- Published
- 2016
25. The State and Domestic Agricultural Markets in Nicaragua : From Interventionism to Neo-Liberalism
- Author
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Max Spoor and Max Spoor
- Subjects
- Development economics, Microeconomics, Industries, Agriculture, Political science
- Abstract
The book examines in depth the problematic effects of state intervention in agricultural markets of developing countries against the background of the current transition of interventionism to neo-liberalism. The fascinating case of Nicaragua is explored, focusing on the 1979-1990 interventionist period under Sandinista rule, followed by an analysis of the post-1990 laissez-faire UNO-period. The limits of state intervention are shown by analysing in detail the unintended effects of certain policies such as those on land reform, price, credit and technology. Finally, the book draws comparisons between the Nicaraguan case (in which two transitions took place in a relatively short time-span) and the recent dramatic transformations of Eastern Europe. It provides arguments for a different role for the state in this process, which is directed to market development, rather than the current withdrawal.
- Published
- 2016
26. The Korean Peninsula in Transition
- Author
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Dae Hwan Kim, Tat Yan Kong, Dae Hwan Kim, and Tat Yan Kong
- Subjects
- Asia—Politics and government, Political science, Development economics
- Abstract
Since the 1980s the Korean peninsula has been in a state of transition. Forged by the Cold War, the politico-economic systems of North and South Korea as well as the international system of Northeast Asia are in a state of flux. Apart from identifying the main aspects of the transition taking place, this volume explains the sources of change and continuity, and relates the empirical trends from Korea to the contemporary debates in the social sciences.
- Published
- 2016
27. The State and Agrarian Change in Zimbabwe's Communal Areas
- Author
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Michael Drinkwater and Michael Drinkwater
- Subjects
- Development economics, Economic history, Political science, Environmental management
- Abstract
This book explores why, a decade after Zimbabwean independence, government agricultural development policies still retains surprising similarities with those of the colonial period despite lengthy peasant opposition. Using documentary and fieldwork material from the Midlands province, the analysis covers the subjects of pastoral and land use management, household production and income-earning strategies, and farmer-extension relations.
- Published
- 2016
28. State, Class and Underdevelopment in Nigeria and Early Meiji Japan
- Author
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Sakah Saidu Mahmud and Sakah Saidu Mahmud
- Subjects
- Comparative government, International economic relations, Culture—Study and teaching, Political science, Development economics
- Abstract
This book compares the social processes that explain Japanese development, beginning with the Meiji Restoration in 1868, with similar processes in post-independent Nigeria in its effort to achieve capitalist development. Before the Restoration and independence, both Japan and Nigeria lacked any prospects for further development. Japan, however, pursued fundamental social transformations of society leading to capitalist development, whereas Nigeria, following independence, has lacked any transforming ideals resulting in underdevelopment and social stagnation.
- Published
- 2016
29. State and Law in the Development Process : Problem-Solving and Institutional Change in the Third World
- Author
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Ann Seidman and Ann Seidman
- Subjects
- Development economics, Economic development, Political science, International economic relations
- Abstract
'Ann and Robert Seidman have written an invaluabe theoretical (and practical) guide for those concerned with the role of the state in development.'- Bereket Habte Selassie, Professor of African Studies, Howard University'State and Law in the Development Process is a scholarly work and essential reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses on the Third World, its history and development. It provides an excellent bibliography and analysis which sets out the fundamentals of research into the future development of the Third World. Expertly written, it embodies a research methodology which is linked to a theoretical perspective.'- John F. McEldowney, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Warwick The post-1945 collapse of colonialism and the emergence of new nationalist governments seemed to promise plenty for all third-world peoples. Four decades later, those promises lay in shards. This book proposes a theory to explain the failure of third-world states to transform the institutions that produce poverty and powerlessness for the mass of the population. Based on that theory, it proposes a methodology designed to facilitate the democratic exercise of state power through law to empower third world peoples to play an effective role in building a peaceful world of plenty for all.
- Published
- 2016
30. The Foundations of Islamic Political Economy
- Author
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Masudul Alam Choudhury, Uzir Abdul Malik, Masudul Alam Choudhury, and Uzir Abdul Malik
- Subjects
- Development economics, International economic relations, Culture, Political science, Econometrics
- Abstract
This rigorously written book on the areas of Islamic principle theory and application is expected to break new ground in modern economic analysis, both for the Islamically inclined and others. The main features of the book include analytical treatments of the essential axioms and instruments of Islamic Political Economy, their expected application, and a comparative perspective both in respect to contemporary Islamic literature as well as comparative economic theory.
- Published
- 2016
31. Democracy, Dictatorship and Development : Economic Development in Selected Regimes of the Third World
- Author
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Georg Sørensen and Georg Sørensen
- Subjects
- Development economics, Political science, Economic development
- Abstract
Questions regarding the economic consequences of various forms of regime have puzzled development researchers for many years. This book examines the theoretical debate as a starting-point for in-depth case-studies of four countries: India, China, Taiwan and Costa Rica. The case studies are used as a basis for a number of new conclusions about the circumstances under which a specific form of regime has certain consequences for economic development. The implications of these results for other third-world countries, democratic and authoritarian, are addressed in the final chapter.
- Published
- 2016
32. Capital and imperialism: theory, history, and the present.
- Author
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Herten-Crabb, Asha
- Subjects
- *
IMPERIALISM , *FAMINES , *POLITICAL science , *HISTORY of capitalism , *SOVEREIGNTY , *DEVELOPMENT economics ,BRITISH colonies - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Economic Policy and the Transition to Democracy : The Latin American Experience
- Author
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Gary McMahon, Juan Antonio Morales, Gary McMahon, and Juan Antonio Morales
- Subjects
- Economic policy, Development economics, International relations, Political science, International economic relations, Political planning
- Abstract
In the 1980s a large number of Latin American countries reverted from military dictatorships to civilian democracies. In most cases the new democratic governments inherited an extremely precarious economic situation, which left little room to manoeuvre. This book analyzes the special problems that governments face in the formulation and implementation of economic policy after the restoration of democracy. In each of six cases - Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay - an analysis is made of the difficulties encountered and the performance of the democratic governments.
- Published
- 2015
34. The Substance of EU Democracy Promotion : Concepts and Cases
- Author
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A. Wetzel, J. Orbie, A. Wetzel, and J. Orbie
- Subjects
- International economic relations, International relations, Europe—Politics and government, Economic policy, Development economics, Political science
- Abstract
The book investigates the substance of the European Union's (EU) democracy promotion policy. It focuses on elections, civil and political rights, horizontal accountability, effective power to govern, stateness, state administrative capacity, civil society, and socio-economic context as components of embedded liberal democracy.
- Published
- 2015
35. Peace, Development and Security in the Caribbean
- Author
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Anthony T. Bryan, Edward J. Greene, Timothy M. Shaw, Anthony T. Bryan, Edward J. Greene, and Timothy M. Shaw
- Subjects
- Development economics, Political science
- Abstract
A collection of interdisciplinary essays which attempt to analyze cultural, economic, political and social diversities and resources from alternative regional and international viewpoints. The contributors are scholars familiar with the intricacies and idiosyncracies of Caribbean development.
- Published
- 2015
36. State Breakdown and Social Movements
- Author
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Agnieszka Paczynska
- Subjects
Political sociology ,Resource mobilization ,Social dynamics ,Collective behavior ,Political economy ,Political science ,Development economics ,Social movement theory ,Public good ,Collective action ,Social movement - Abstract
As Mancur Olson pointed out in his 1965 book, The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups, one of the great puzzles of social dynamics is how people overcome collective action problems and organize to pursue common goals. What conditions facilitate and which hinder the emergence of social movements, what allows social movements to persist over time, and what accounts for their impact on social and political dynamics are some of the key questions that scholars have explored over the last few decades. Keywords: collective behavior; political sociology; conflict; Eastern Europe; Middle and Near East
- Published
- 2022
37. Global Justice Movement
- Author
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Nikos Sotirakopoulos and Christopher Rootes
- Subjects
Globalization ,Goods and services ,Human rights ,Global justice movement ,Washington Consensus ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Immigration ,Development economics ,Umbrella term ,Economic Justice ,media_common - Abstract
The “Global Justice Movement” (GJM) has been employed as an umbrella term to denote a diverse constellation of organizations, groups, and networks, working with varying degrees of cooperation on a broad range of issues—from the indebtedness of the world's poorest countries, the inequities of the global trade in goods and services, international peace and environmental degradation, to the human rights of workers and immigrants, especially in less economically developed countries. These issues are linked by an emerging consensus amongst activists that their root cause is the neoliberal agenda, or “Washington consensus” (George 2003), that dominates global economic arrangements. Keywords: political science; globalization; justice
- Published
- 2022
38. On the economics of development: A view from Latin America
- Author
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Edmar Bacha
- Subjects
Brazil ,debt crises ,development economics ,high inflation ,income distribution ,Latin America ,Political science ,Economic theory. Demography ,HB1-3840 - Abstract
This paper surveys my research on development economics, undertaken in the context of the historical experiences of Brazil and Latin America. The research consists of academic papers, essays, economic fables, and reflections on my experiences in policy making. It spans different fields, including income distribution, industrial policies, dollar constraints and debt crises, commodity booms and coffee valorization, high inflation and stabilization policies, and Brazil’s growth record.
- Published
- 2018
39. Occupy Wall Street Movement
- Author
-
Heather Gautney
- Subjects
Government ,Middle East ,Inequality ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Political science ,Unemployment ,Development economics ,Appeal ,Popular culture ,Social inequality ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
Occupy Wall Street is an ongoing series of protests, initiated on September 17, 2011 in lower Manhattan's financial district, against alarming trends in social inequality, high rates of home foreclosure and unemployment, and the excessive influence of corporate and financial interests on government. The protests attracted large numbers of participants and gained widespread international attention due to the movement's broad appeal, to “the 99 percent,” and tenacious use of nonviolent protest against variably heavy-handed police response. Keywords: popular culture; democracy; inequality; movements; protests; resistance; student movements; Western Europe; Middle and Near East
- Published
- 2022
40. Suffrage Movement, International
- Author
-
Rebecca J. Mead
- Subjects
Direct action ,Politics ,Women in the workforce ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Voting ,Political science ,Political economy ,Development economics ,Suffrage ,Ideology ,Citizenship ,Democracy ,media_common - Abstract
Voting is considered an inherent right of citizenship in modern democracies, an idea originating in Enlightenment ideology but not automatically achieved in practice. In the past, proposals to expand the franchise to include nonproperty-holding white men were quite controversial, so the concept of suffrage for women and people of color was an even more radical suggestion given their putative lack of rational capacities. Dominant gender roles confined women to the domestic sphere while husbands or other male kinfolk represented their political interests, and challenging these ideas was difficult. Even when women gained voting rights, these were frequently partial (allowing participation in some elections but not others), restricted by marital status, education, property qualifications, and race, and did not automatically grant other civil rights. Winning full suffrage required hard work by determined women—it was never a “gift”—and success was the result of multiple factors. These include: (1) educational advances; (2) the growing presence of women in the workforce and trade unions; (3) the increasing political sophistication and mobilization of women in clubs and reform organizations; (4) affiliations between suffragists and progressive reform movements; (5) fluid political environments in territories, provinces, and colonies; (6) the adoption of direct action techniques; and (7) transnational activism, although these relationships could be problematic. Keywords: citizenship; democracy; feminism; women; Americas; Eastern Asia; Europe
- Published
- 2022
41. Nuclear Freeze Movement
- Author
-
David S. Meyer
- Subjects
Mobilization ,National security ,business.industry ,fungi ,Opposition (politics) ,social sciences ,Nuclear weapon ,Nuclear ethics ,humanities ,Political sociology ,Nuclear warfare ,Political economy ,Political science ,Opportunism ,Development economics ,population characteristics ,business - Abstract
The nuclear freeze movement was an American campaign against nuclear weapons based around an ostensibly moderate demand with radical implications: a negotiated and bilateral end to the testing, production, and deployment of nuclear weapons. Neither the freeze idea, nor opposition to the arms race more generally, was new in 1980 when the freeze emerged, amid resurgent allied antinuclear weapons movements across Western Europe. Astute activist opportunism, in conjunction with a series of more aggressive foreign policies from the US government, aligned to produce unusually heightened attention to national security policy in general, and nuclear weapons in particular. In this regard, the nuclear freeze movement loudly echoed previous periods of mobilization and concern, including antinuclear campaigns following the first use of weapons at Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945–1947), surrounding the long debate about a ban on testing (1954–1963), and in opposition to the deployment of antiballistic missile systems in the US (1968–1973). Although some activists are constantly trying to draw public attention to the costs and dangers of nuclear weapons, they only succeed episodically. The cyclic mobilization against nuclear weapons reflects more vigorous institutional debates about nuclear weapons strategy. Keywords: political sociology; movements; peace; United States of America
- Published
- 2022
42. Refugee crises: an architype for Crisis Studies
- Author
-
Roger Zetter
- Subjects
Sociology and Political Science ,Refugee ,Political science ,Political Science and International Relations ,Development economics - Published
- 2022
43. Cross-cultural Communication Through Affect: The Potential for Postdisaster Tourism in Japan
- Author
-
Anna Vainio, Annaclaudia Martini, Martini, Annaclaudia, and Vainio, Anna
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,Communication ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Cross-cultural communication ,Affect (psychology) ,Japan ,affect ,cross-culturality ,Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management ,Political science ,Development economics ,post-disaster tourism ,heritage ,Post disaster ,Tourism - Abstract
The success of tourism encounters can be aided by devising cross-cultural strategies so that conscious feelings (emotions) and subtle impressions (affects) of locals are communicated effectively to tourists. This article investigates how post-disaster tourism, its narratives, practices, and landmarks, can be used to ‘attune’ the feelings of these culturally different groups. After the Triple Disaster of 2011 in the Tohoku region of Japan, the recovering communities have used tours as a way to support the local economy, confront their loss and overcome trauma. As global attention moves to new disasters, communities feel the need to attract more visitors as well as create new jobs for the locals. However, this has proven difficult: differences in expressing emotional responses caused tensions and dissatisfaction amongst locals and internationals, as locals feel misunderstood and tourists do not see their expectations met. This hinders the tourist encounter, which is seen by some of the communities as crucial, as they feel that ‘being able to tell their stories’ and ‘being remembered’ is a central tenet of the recovery process. In the case of Japan, we argue, affect can constitute a more appropriate means to negotiate meaning and memory between Japanese and internationals.Affective elements are often overlooked by academics, as they are considered volatile and unstructured, such as the atmospheres of places –a vague vibe that one can feel but rarely explain. There is no research that utilizes geographical and interdisciplinary theories of affect to gain an indepthunderstanding in the ways to communicate heritage and memory cross-culturally in disastersites, as well as rigorous and appropriate approaches to more inventive and creative methods. Affect can benefit both locals and visitors, as it bridges understandings of the delicate and complex issues pertaining to disaster memory and heritage, and may lead to more socio-culturally and politically sustainable approaches to planning, development and management of tourism. Moreover, these results can be shared with the communities and relevant institutions, promote new policies, as well as being potentially applied in different settings.
- Published
- 2022
44. Neither the Washington nor the post-Washington consensus
- Author
-
Ben Fine
- Subjects
education.field_of_study ,Poverty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,Per capita income ,Public administration ,Infant mortality ,State (polity) ,Washington Consensus ,Political science ,Development economics ,Life expectancy ,Liberian dollar ,education ,media_common - Abstract
In 1994 the World Bank and the IMF marked the fiftieth anniversary of their founding meeting at Bretton Woods. The occasion was hardly one of celebration for the two Washington institutions with which official post-war international financial arrangements are most closely identified. This was because, paradoxically, in the lengthy wake of the Uruguay round of the GATT, the World Trade Organization was looming on the horizon, signifying the long delayed but culminating success in creating the trade counterpart to the financial institutions. In contrast, the prospects and standing of the IMF and the World Bank were at their lowest ever ebb. The institutions’ own activity around their anniversary was muted, introspective and defensive.2 To some extent, this was a consequence of what has been termed an ‘identity crisis’.3 It was made up of a number of elements. The neo-liberal Washington consensus, in favour of the market and antagonistic to the state, was at its height. However, the institutions were clearly failing to deliver in terms of economic development and stabilisation. As de Vries (1996, p. 65) reported:After more than fifty years of operations, the Bank still faces a world where over 1 billion people live in deep poverty, with per capita income of less than a dollar per day. Many countries suffer poverty rates between 25 and 50 per cent of their population. These conditions persist despite important improvements in critical social indicators such as life expectancy, infant mortality, access to safe water, primary school enrollment and immunization.
- Published
- 2023
45. Local Impact of Global Crises, Institutional Trust, and Consumer Well-Being
- Author
-
Vasileios Davvetas, Gulen Sarial Abi, and Aulona Ulqinaku
- Subjects
Marketing ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Attribution theory ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Well-being ,Institutional trust ,Biology and political orientation ,Global crises ,Political science ,Development economics ,Pandemic ,Political orientation ,Business and International Management ,Attribution ,Globalization attitude ,Global crisis - Abstract
Global crises have become increasingly more frequent and consequential. Yet the impact of these crises is unevenly distributed across countries, leading to discrepancies in (inter)national crisis-regulating institutions’ ability to uphold public trust and safeguard their constituents’ well-being. Employing the paradigm of citizens as customers of political institutions, drawing on attribution and sociopolitical trust theories, and using the COVID-19 pandemic as an empirical context, the authors investigate how consumers’ relative perceptions of local impact following a global crisis affect the psychological processes of institutional trust formation and consumer well-being. Conducting one survey-based study in two countries affected disproportionately by the pandemic’s first wave (the United States and Greece) and one experimental study in a third country (Italy) during the pandemic’s second wave, the authors find that institutional trust declines more in countries whose citizens hold perceptions of higher relative local impact following a global crisis; institutional blame attributions explain trust erosion; institutional distrust decreases consumer well-being and adherence to institutional guidelines; consumers’ globalization attitudes immunize international institutions from blame and distrust; and political conservatives transfer blame and distrust from national to international institutions amid global crises. The findings enrich the institutional branding and trust literatures and have implications for stakeholders involved in global crisis management (e.g., policy makers, political marketers, institutional brand managers).
- Published
- 2022
46. A reversal of fortune: Comparison of health system responses to COVID-19 in the Visegrad group during the early phases of the pandemic
- Author
-
Viktoria Szerencses, Martin Smatana, Lucie Bryndová, Iwona Kowalska-Bobko, Peter Gaal, Anna Sagan, Erin Webb, and Anne Spranger
- Subjects
Government ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Health Policy ,COVID-19 ,Bed capacity ,Article ,law.invention ,Transmission (mechanics) ,law ,Political science ,Development economics ,Pandemic ,Workforce ,Humans ,Support system ,Pandemics ,Health policy ,Czech Republic - Abstract
This paper analyses the health policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the four Visegrad countries – Czechia, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia – in spring and summer 2020. The four countries implemented harsh transmission prevention measures at the beginning of the pandemic and managed to effectively avoid the first wave of infections during spring. Likewise, all four relaxed most of these measures during the summer and experienced uncontrolled growth of cases since September 2020. Along the way, there has been an erosion of public support for the government measures. This was mainly due to economic considerations taking precedent but also likely due to diminished trust in the government. All four countries have been overly reliant on their relatively high bed capacity, which they managed to further increase at the cost of elective treatments, but this could not always be supported with sufficient health workforce capacity. Finally, none of the four countries developed effective find, test, trace, isolate and support systems over the summer despite having relaxed most of the transmission protection measures since late spring. This left the countries ill-prepared for the rise in the number of COVID-19 infections they have been experiencing since autumn 2020.
- Published
- 2022
47. Cultures and institutions
- Author
-
Katsuhiko Yoshikawa, Hyun-Jung Lee, Anne-Wil Harzing, Public Governance, Research Group: Public Governance, and Tilburg Institute of Governance
- Subjects
Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management ,Ethnocentrism ,ethnocentrism ,Strategy and Management ,05 social sciences ,050209 industrial relations ,Staffing ,HM Sociology ,multinational corporations (MNCs) ,Country of origin ,global staffing ,HD Industries. Land use. Labor ,Multinational corporation ,JC Political theory ,Management of Technology and Innovation ,Political science ,0502 economics and business ,Development economics ,Country-of-origin effect ,050203 business & management ,fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) ,country-of-origin effect - Abstract
Although the country-of-origin effect on staffing practices of multinational corporations (MNCs) is well-known, its underlying mechanisms are under-theorized. Drawing on the cross-cultural management and comparative institutionalism literatures, we propose an overarching, theory-based framework with two mechanisms, dispositional and contextual, that might explain country-of-origin effects in MNCs’ use of parent-country nationals (PCNs) in their foreign subsidiaries’ top management teams. The tendency of MNCs from some home countries to staff these positions with PCNs is typically labelled as ‘ethnocentric’, a word imbued with negative intentions referring mainly to the dispositional rationale behind this staffing choice. However, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) of staffing practices of MNCs from ten home countries shows that both mechanisms – dispositional and contextual – have considerable explanatory power. Our methodological approach enables us to analyse conceptually distinct, yet empirically intertwined, societal-level explanations as a pattern, and thus offers a viable solution to integrate different perspectives in international and comparative research.
- Published
- 2022
48. Multi-dimensional conflict and the resilient urban informal economy in Karachi, Pakistan
- Author
-
Saeed Ud Din Ahmed, Abid Mehmood, Alison Margaret Braithwaite Brown, and Peter Mackie
- Subjects
Informal sector ,Corporate governance ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,0507 social and economic geography ,Urban policy ,021107 urban & regional planning ,02 engineering and technology ,Urban poor ,Development ,Ideal (ethics) ,State (polity) ,Political science ,Development economics ,Multi dimensional ,Psychological resilience ,050703 geography ,media_common - Abstract
This paper explores the resilience of the urban informal economy through multi-dimensional conflict. Karachi constituted an ideal case study for the research given the intensity and paradigmatic nature of the multi-dimensional conflict experienced in the city between 2008 and 2013. The paper applies a comparative frame in three sites (Sadar, Orangi and Lyari) to illustrate resilience of the informal economy and its role in supporting the urban poor in Karachi to survive and sometimes thrive, whilst also contributing to peaceful recovery and adaptation, albeit persistent divisions mean violence remains possible. The paper argues for greater recognition of and support for informal economies in urban policy, marking a shift away from the predominant neoliberal forms of governance that diminish the role of the state and burden already vulnerable people with the greatest risks, particularly in fragile, conflict-affected situations where half the world’s poor are predicted to live by 2030.
- Published
- 2022
49. Linking HIV/AIDS, National Security and Conflict A Colombian Case Study
- Author
-
Caroline Tornqvist
- Subjects
History ,National security ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,conflict ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,Vulnerability ,Context (language use) ,security ,Colombia ,medicine.disease_cause ,seguridad ,Post conflict ,State (polity) ,Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ,Political science ,Development economics ,medicine ,media_common ,conflicto ,VIH/SIDA ,business.industry ,virus diseases ,International community ,medicine.disease ,Political Science and International Relations ,HIV/AIDS ,business - Abstract
An estimated 33 million people are today infected with HIV, many living in conflict or post conflict settings. The international community is increasingly recognising the effect HIV/AIDS can have on national security and conflict, both exacerbating conflict and being an obstacle to peace. The article argues for considering HIV/AIDS as a security issue and concludes four main theories on the links between HIV/AIDS, national security and conflict: 1. Uniformed personnel as a vector of HIV, 2. National security threatened by HIV/AIDS affected state institutions, 3. Increased vulnerability to HIV infection in conflict and post-conflict environments, and 4. HIV as an obstacle to peace building. These four theories are explored in the Colombian context. Of the four theories investigated it was found that 1 and 3 presented the strongest linkages between HIV/AIDS, national security and conflict. The theories 2 and 4 were less strong, mainly due to the relatively low HIV prevalence rate in Colombia. Hoy en día se estima que aproximadamente 33 millones de personas están infectadas con el virus VIH y muchas de ellas viven en países en conflicto o en postconflicto. Internacionalmente es cada vez más reconocido el efecto que tiene el VIH/SIDA sobre la seguridad nacional y sobre los conflictos, ya sea agravándolos o convirtiéndose en un obstáculo para los procesos de paz. El artículo argumenta a favor de considerar el VIH/SIDA como un tema de seguridad y en se postulan cuatro teorías principales sobre el vínculo entre el VIH/SIDA, la seguridad nacional y el conflicto: 1. el personal uniformado actua como un vector de VIH, 2. la seguridad nacional está amenazada por las instituciones estatales afectadas por el VIH/SIDA, 3. el aumento de vulnerabilidad a la infección del VIH en países en conflicto o en postconflicto, 4. el VIH como un obstáculo para los procesos de paz. Las cuatro teorías han sido estudiadas en el contexto colombiano. Se encontró que dos de ellas (1 y 3) presentaban una relación más estrecha entre el VIH/SIDA, la seguridad nacional y el conflicto. Las teorías 2 y 4 mostraron una relación menos estrecha, debido principalmente a la relativamente baja tasa de prevalencia de VIH en Colombia.
- Published
- 2023
50. Cuba y Bolivia: dos procesos distintos, ¿una sola revolución verdadera?
- Author
-
Boris Salazar
- Subjects
History ,Latin Americans ,Sociology and Political Science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,revolución ,revolution • stable majorities • war 'revolutionary paths • lock-in ,trayectorias revolucionarias ,encasillamiento ,Power (social and political) ,revolutionary paths ,stable majorities ,lcsh:Political science (General) ,revolution ,State (polity) ,Political science ,Development economics ,war ,lcsh:JA1-92 ,media_common ,lock-in ,Mass mobilization ,lcsh:International relations ,guerra ,Democracy ,Social mobilization ,Political Science and International Relations ,Dictator ,mayorías estables ,Humanities ,Autonomy ,lcsh:JZ2-6530 - Abstract
Este artículo argumenta que el proceso revolucionario boliviano de 2000-2005 no siguió los pasos de la estrategia revolucionaria asociada a la Revolución Cubana. La fuerza inusitada de los movimientos sociales, la ausencia de un líder único y la integración de las elecciones democráticas a la movilización popular han dado un giro a la estrategia revolucionaria en el continente, generando mayorías estables a través de un proceso de encasillamiento, cuyo desenlace no ha sido la toma del poder estatal. La emergencia de un dictador y de un partido único en Cuba, y su ausencia en Bolivia, es explicada por el tamaño de sus sociabilidades autónomas: muy grandes en Bolivia, muy débiles en Cuba. This article claims that the Bolivian revolutionary process of 2000-2005 did not follow on the steps of the Cuban Revolution's strategy. The sheer strength and autonomy of its social mobilization, the absence of a maximum leader, and the meshing of democratic elections with mass mobilization have given a turn of the screw on revolutionary strategy in Latin America, producing stable majorities through a lock-in process, whose ultimate outcome has not been the assault on state power. The emergence of a dictator and a unique party in Cuba, and their absence in Bolivia, are explained by the size of their autonomous sociabilities: very large in Bolivia, and very weak in Cuba.
- Published
- 2023
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