251. Pattern recognition receptors in Drosophila immune responses.
- Author
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Lu, Yuzhen, Su, Fanghua, Li, Qilin, Zhang, Jie, Li, Yanjun, Tang, Ting, Hu, Qihao, and Yu, Xiao-Qiang
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PATTERN perception receptors , *IMMUNE response , *DROSOPHILA , *HUMORAL immunity , *DROSOPHILA melanogaster - Abstract
Insects, which lack the adaptive immune system, have developed sophisticated innate immune system consisting of humoral and cellular immune responses to defend against invading microorganisms. Non-self recognition of microbes is the front line of the innate immune system. Repertoires of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize the conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) present in microbes, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and β-1, 3-glucans, and induce innate immune responses. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the structure, classification and roles of PRRs in innate immunity of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster , focusing mainly on the peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs), Gram-negative bacteria-binding proteins (GNBPs), scavenger receptors (SRs), thioester-containing proteins (TEPs), and lectins. • Summarize the structure, classification and roles of Drosophila PRRs in innate immunity. • The sensor PGRPs recognize different types of PGN to activate the immune signaling pathways. • The regulatory PGRPs modulate the binding of PGN to sensor PGRPs. • Scavenger receptors, thioester-containing proteins and lectins activate cellular immune responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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