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In-doped ZnO (IZO) nanowires were grown using the chemical vapour deposition method. The IZO nanowires have been characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), photoluminescence (PL) and UV–Visible spectroscopy. The PL results demonstrated a larger band-gap for the IZO nanowires in comparison to the undoped ZnO. Two major emission peaks were observed for the IZO nanowires, one originated from the free exciton recombination (ultraviolet emission) and another possibly related to the deep-level emission (visible emission). Furthermore, the nonlinear optical characteristic of the nanowires was studied using picosecond Z-scan technique. The experimental results show that the two and three-photon absorption coefficient of samples were able to be observed. These studies make the promising potential applications of the samples in the development of multifunctional all-optical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the structural and nonlinear optical behavior of Ag-doped ZnO (AZO) films prepared by magnetron sputtering. The structural of AZO films are systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results show that AZO films can still retain a wurtzite structure, although the c -axis as preferred orientation is decreased by Ag doping. As the amounts of the Ag dopant were increased, the crystallinity as well as the absorptivity and optical band gap were increased. Moreover, the nonlinear optical characterized of the AZO films was studied using Z -scan technique. These samples show self-defocusing nonlinearity and good nonlinear absorption behavior which increases with increasing Ag volume fraction. AZO is a potential nanocomposite material for the development of nonlinear optical devices with a relatively small limiting threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]