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Aspects of the floristics and phytogeography of species of Kalanchoe Adans. (Crassulaceae subfam. Kalanchooideae) in the Waterberg, Limpopo province, northern South Africa, are discussed. In 2001 the Waterberg, which covers an area of 654,033ha (1,616,150.74 acres), was recognised as a Biosphere Reserve. It is shown that after eastern southern Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, eastern Limpopo, South Africa; Eswatini (formerly) Swaziland; southern Mozambique), the Waterberg has the most diverse Kalanchoe flora in southern Africa. A floristic synopsis of, and an identification key to, the kalanchoes of the Waterberg is presented. All the species are described and illustrated.

Currently is not available a complex archaeophyte definition based on the same criteria in Europe, and it cause significant anomalies between neighbouring countries. The main aim of our work was to provide the criteria which based on the available lists and chorological information. For this purpose, the archaeophyte flora of 15 European countries was compared in our research. The list of available resources has been revised and completed, taking into account the distribution data of the species. The lists were merged to contain 560 species. The majority of the plants in the merged list belong to the Asteraceae and Poaceae families with 74 and 55 species, respectively. The Chenopodium genus is characterized by the most frequent occurrence (14 species). More than half of the plants are annual and 151 species belong to Eurasian geoelements. The greatest numbers of species were observed in Crete (461 species) and Greece (460 species) and the smallest numbers were observed in Ireland (240 species) and England (241 species). In case of individual countries, plants with composite flowers, annual life form and Eurasian elements represent the highest volume, but the number of southern geoelements is also significant. All lists included anaecophytes archaeophytes. Comparison of revised lists showed 83-99% similarity. Using with this method can be formed an international archaeophyte database, which based on phytogeographical distribution and helps future researchers.

The subfamily Huperzioideae of the Lycopodiaceae includes 41 species in Brazil. The genus Huperzia is represented by a single species, and Phlegmariurus has 40 species. They occur in most habitat types with a humid climate, from tropical lowland forest, to montane forest, and campo vegetation in the highlands. There are 25 endemics, more than half of the species. The present treatment includes nomenclature, descriptions and illustrations of all species, and a key for their identification. Reference collections are cited and summarize the distribution of the species and document their identity. Short discussions deal with problems of species delimitation and compare closely related species.

The Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio (PESP) harbors some unusual fragments of mixed needle-broadleaved forest (MNF) of Minas Gerais state. This study aims to analyze the floristic composition and geographic distribution of the genera represented in the MNF of the PESP. Collections of fertile specimens of vascular plants (excluding epiphytes) were conducted monthly (March 2012-June 2013) in the alluvial and slope areas of MNF in the PESP, in altitudes ranging from 1,650-2,000 m above sea level. The genera were classified into seven phytogeographic groups that were delimited according to their current diversity centers available in the literature. We recorded 310 species belonging to 168 genera and 82 families of vascular plants. The richest families were Asteraceae (49 species), Melastomataceae (33 species) and Rubiaceae (16 species). We observed the presence of species often found in montane and high montane forests of southeastern region, besides of temperate genera, showing that low temperatures caused by high altitude influence the floristic composition of the area. The high richness found denotes the importance of altitude areas for diversity in Atlantic Forest and highlights the biogeographic importance of the region for presenting an unusual phytophysiognomy in the state with endemic and endangered species. Resumo O Parque Estadual da Serra do Papagaio (PESP) possui fragmentos incomuns de Floresta Mista Lati-aciculifoliada (MNF) do estado de Minas Gerais. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram analisar os aspectos florísticos e a distribuição geográfica dos gêneros presentes na MNF do PESP. Foram realizadas coletas mensais (de março de 2012 a junho de 2013) de exemplares férteis (excluindo-se as epífitas) nas áreas de MNF aluvial e de encosta do PESP, com altitudes entre 1.650-2.000 m. Os gêneros foram classificados em sete grupos fitogeográficos de acordo com seu centro de diversidade disponível na literatura. Foram registradas 310 espécies pertencentes a 168 gêneros e 82 famílias de plantas vasculares, sendo as famílias mais ricas: Asteraceae (49 espécies), Melastomataceae (33 espécies) e Rubiaceae (16 espécies). Foi observado a presença de espécies frequentes na floresta montana e alto-montana da Região Sudeste do Brasil, além de gêneros de origem temperada, mostrando que a baixa temperatura causada pela altitude influencia na composição florística da área. A elevada riqueza encontrada denota a importância das áreas de altitude para a diversidade da Floresta Atlântica e evidencia a importância biogeográfica da região por apresentar um fitofisionomia incomum no estado e com espécies endêmicas e ameaçadas.

The lichens of Prince Edward Island (PEI) are well known to have been inadequately sampled and not well understood. In this study, 19 biologically diverse forest remnants and other potentially rich localities were explored for their lichen vegetation, and 118 new county records and 71 species new for the province were discovered. Together with previously studied sites, 38 localities in total have now been surveyed. A new checklist based on these surveys was prepared for all the lichens of the island. In addition, conservation status (S-ranks) is proposed for 153 species of the 326 species in 118 genera now known for the province. Four species received a rank of S1 (critically imperiled): Anaptychia crinalis, Megaspora verrucosa, Pannaria lurida, and Sclerophora amabilis; and six species received a rank of S2 (imperiled): Acrocordia cavata, Bryoria salazinica, Heterodermia speciosa, Menegazzia terebrata, Pannaria rubiginosa, and Ramalina thrausta. The importance of baseline data for future conserv...

Major diseases, including Fusarium wilt tropical race 4, threaten banana production systems worldwide. New sources of genetic resistance are considered necessary in the fight against such diseases. The triangular region of Indonesia taking in Sulawesi, the Maluku Islands and Lesser Sunda Islands was prioritized by the Global Musa Genetic Resources Network, MusaNet for exploration and collecting. It is just east of the 'Wallace Line', which is recognized as a transition zone for flora in southeast Asia, and had been little explored. Bioversity International funded a team of scientists from Indonesia and Australia to make collecting missions in the triangle in October 2012 and February 2013. Suckers and seeds of 35 promising new accessions were collected. About 90% of these are either wild species or diploid cultivars of more direct use to breeding programs. These were morphologically characterized during the collecting missions and included a set of photographs recommended by Bioversity's Taxonomic Advisory Group. Cigar leaf samples were also collected and sent as fresh samples to the International Banana Genotyping Centre in the Czech Republic. Ploidy and DNA (SSR) genotyping determinations from these samples have been invaluable in quickly interpreting and better appreciating what has been discovered. The new accessions have been grown on at Solok field collection, West Sumatra and will be made available by Indonesia to the international community, including breeding programs, for evaluation and utilization. Information on wild Eumusa prompts a rethinking of the phytogeography of Musa acuminata. The variation within the Australimusa species M. lolodensis highlights the need for broader study of this Musa section. French Plantain-like edible AAs and prospects for the generation of African plantains in the region were identified. The mission indicated existence of local edible ABs in eastern Indonesia in association with balbisiana hybrids origins in the region. Further explorations in the region should add to Musa diversity knowledge.