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The paper describes the emergence of multiple economies of water in India's capital Delhi, using a neo-Polanyian approach of instituted economic process. It analyses the systems of provision, distribution, appropriation and consumption of water, and the formation of scales of these economies of water. The paper systematically compares and analyses the spatially divided and partially overlapping economies of water in the planned colonies and slum-designated areas in the city. It describes the dynamics of growth and stagnation of the different economies of water within the waterscape of the capital and its implications for sustainability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the conflict between press censorship and free speech in post-partition Delhi, focusing on the Urdu press. It demonstrates how conflicts over free speech became a focal point for the intersection of two fundamental tensions underlying postcolonial state formation—between civil liberties and the authoritarian legacy of colonial rule, and between a secular democracy and a religion-based partition. The article explores the Urdu refugee dailies that relocated from Lahore to Delhi amid the partition upheaval and emerged as significant media voicing refugees' interests, often at the expense of Muslim residents. Their provocative writings simultaneously challenged the boundaries of free speech and advanced an exclusionary notion of citizenship based on blood-based descent (jus sanguinis). This narrow conception of citizenship, underlying the partition migrations themselves, challenged the secularist vision of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru. In response, the Delhi administration took actions against the refugee papers, making them central to contemporary struggles over press censorship. By taking the state to court, refugee editors promoted citizens' right to free speech, but simultaneously advanced a circumscribed notion of ethno-religious citizenship. Navigating this dual role, the article unveils the exclusions and contradictions that marked citizenship formation in the early postcolonial period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acid attack is a gender based problem. In fact the patriarchal mindset of Indian society is that women’s beauty and body only controlled by men, Men have a set concept about women’s body are essential meant to please men. Women invest more time in beauty, fashion, cosmetics, dressing patterns, fitness and other stuffs, to just impress men, rather men do less, have focused on career and money making process. This deceit illustration making society to except it like this way, however it is largely bogus. Several types of Crime against women are already deeply rotten in Indian society, presently a horrifying menace of acid attacks on women has been disturbing social order. The large number of acid attacks on women in India is growing in every passing year. The latest data released by ‘India Today Data Intelligence Unit’ has exposed that between 2014 and 2018 there are approx 1,483 victims of acid in the country. It also reveals that the huge number of reported cases are; due to relationship breakups, one side love, romance refusal, rejection of marriage proposal and physical intimacy, jealousy, family property disputes, and marital disengagement. This paper will try to explore scenario of acid attacks on women in Delhi. This paper will try to make an attempt to highlight prime causes and consequences of attacks and supporting and benefitting agencies to Acid burn survivors in Delhi in contemporary times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, the data point to a considerable number of children running away from their parental homes and migrating to urban areas in search of opportunities. Many end up in cities like Delhi where they are exposed to a number of risks. While most of these children reach cities with dreams of making it big, the reality of living on the street is fraught with a number of challenges. Transient and often moving in groups, meeting children alone for a chat is nearly impossible and even when one manages to have an individual meeting, curiosity compels others to join in. Against this backdrop, the lived experiences of migrant children in Delhi were studied using a group method. As children feel more comfortable discussing their problems in groups than when alone with the researcher, participatory techniques such as drawings, storytelling and the like could be employed. Ethical issues about this method, particularly concerning informed consent, anonymity and confidentiality are addressed. In closing, the paper provides a careful consideration of some challenges of employing groupwork as a research method with migrant children in an urban setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Agroalimentaria is the property of Alejandro Antonio Gutierrez Socorro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Literature available on the academic performance of students in higher education is sparse, particularly in India. Limited research exists that precisely examines the academic performance of engineering students and the factors that contribute to their success. Utilising primary survey data of2288 fourth-year engineering students in Delhi, this paper specifically examines how the academic performance (Measured by Cumulative Grade Point Average) of students from socially disadvantaged caste groups (SC/ST and OBC) varies in India and what factors determine this. In this context, the study revealed a considerable performance gap among engineering students of different social groups. Especially, the findings indicate a significant gender and caste disparity in academic performance in engineering education. Females exhibited about 16.5 per cent lower performance compared to males, and SC/ST students demonstrated around 38 per cent lower performance in comparison to their OBC counterparts. We find that various aspects of the socio-economic background and factors related to the educational environment such as the type of institution, scholarships, and past academic experiences, are significantly determining the academic performance of engineering graduates from socially backward caste groups. Given the poor linkage between engineering education and the labour market, the findings of the study have considerable policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the mechanisms through which democratic urban polities produce, maintain and reproduce inequality. It does so by looking at case law from 1990–2007 in New Delhi, where a seemingly relentless series of evictions of poor illegal settlements (colloquially known as bastis) were ordered by the Delhi High Court and the Supreme Court of India in Public Interest Litigations (PILs). While the power of the claims of the “middle class” and the emergence of a new urban political economy are well documented in the analysis of evictions, the specificity of how subaltern urban residents have been displaced from a development imagination remains relatively understudied. Put simply: how have the claims, presence and resistance of a significant proportion of urban residents been managed and even evaded within urban politics? This paper argues that case law on evictions makes visible not only the claims to the city of an insurgent urban elite but also the simultaneous “impoverishment of poverty”, which together create a new calculus for the contestations of urban citizenship in contemporary Delhi. This impoverishment is marked by a reduction in the efficacy of poverty and vulnerability as the basis of claims made by subaltern citizens to the elements of citizenship, i.e. the determination and distribution of rights and needs, access to resources and entitlements as well as a place within narratives of belonging and personhood. Making visible the multiple and particular processes of impoverishment is a critical part of a praxis that seeks to formulate effective resistance and imagine different urban futures. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Copyright of Ethnological Forum / Etnoloska Tribina is the property of Etnoloska Tribina / Ethnological Forum and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

State quantifications of Delhi’s water supply proclaim some of the highest levels of access in urban South Asia. However, accompanying such representations are a number of discrepancies and ambiguities, suggesting an appearance of legibility is produced in the absence of data and key calculations. This paper examines the co-production of both knowledge and ignorance with regard to the city’s water, showing how their entanglement serves to powerfully shape both urban biopolitics and diffuse modalities of state power. First, I demonstrate that the appearance of legibility is maintained through fragmented measurement and bureaucratic practices that build material ambiguity into the system. Secondly, I examine the political, discursive and material effects of such illegibility, which include outcomes that are both arbitrary in nature (inadvertently allotting more water to one area versus another) and well as more deliberate (attributing blame for water wastage and loss to the very populations and urban spaces most excluded from the grid). Rather than a lack of intelligibility diminishing the powers of the state, the material ambiguity of Delhi’s waters furthers an everyday water politics of diffuse state power by which water is politicized at the local level while larger (infra)structural fixes are left off the table. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Characterization of MIBA from 3 MSWI plants in Delhi to assess disposal or reuse. • Compilation of 50 studies on MIBA leaching to identify CoCs critical to fate of MIBA. • Comparative assessment of CoCs to evaluate variability across countries. • Emphasis on mandatory inclusion of the identified CoCs in future studies. Present study characterizes municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MIBA) from three incineration plants in Delhi with an intent to serve the dual objectives: a) assessing the disposal/reuse options for Delhi MIBA, b) evaluating variability in results across the countries (including India) and assessing if is significant enough to influence the fate of MIBA of varied origin. A review on leaching studies of MIBA (50 research papers) was conducted which aided in achieving both the objectives. Delhi MIBA samples were analysed for chemical composition. The two commonly adopted leaching tests i.e., TCLP and EN 12457–2, were conducted and the results were checked against regulatory threshold levels (RTLs) to achieve the first objective. Leaching concentration of the contaminants was compared with the compiled literature and RTLs to accomplish the second objective. The compendium of literature most importantly revealed the physicochemical parameters which are pivotal in determining the fate of MIBA but have been missing from many studies. Ten such parameters were identified: Cr, Cu, Mo, Sb, Cl - , SO 4 2- , Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn and are referred as contaminants of concern (CoCs). Delhi MIBA was found suitable for disposal to non-hazardous waste landfills and unsuitable for unrestricted reuse. CoCs identified in Delhi MIBA were identical to those observed in literature (except Cd, Pb and Zn). The variability in leaching concentration of CoCs, observed from comparative assessment of results, spanned nearly 2 to 3 log 10 magnitudes for Cu, Cr, Pb, Sb and Zn while 1 to 2 log 10 magnitudes for Mo, Cl - and SO 4 2-. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The built heritage of Delhi is an irreplaceable cultural resource, which needs to be protected for posterity. The heritage resources include symbols of successive civilizations and cities, historic buildings and complexes, historical gardens, canals, bridges, water engineering structures, forts, palaces, citadels, places of worship, tombs, villages, unearthed heritage, etc. During recent decades, Delhi’s growth has threatened its rich heritage. This paper traces the evolution and significance of Delhi from Shahjahanabad (seventeenth century) to Imperial Capital, popularly known as Lutyens’ Delhi (twentieth century). [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The rise of the modern commercial political-economic system is influencing rural to urban migration in ad-dition to urban morphology. Slum settlements are one of the major results of rapid and often unregulated rural to urban migration. Slum settlements create a major problem for developing cities. The slum settlements do not fit the leadership’s vision for a modern city, one that can be marketed to outside businesses and organizations for investment. As a result they are often seen as a nuisance by the leadership and targeted for destruction, especially when the land of the slum is valuable. The process of slum removal is therefore a political process.This is especially relevant in India, where slums are growing at an almost unimaginable rate. The Delhi Development Agency views slums as the type of settlement that negatively impacts their vision of creating a “world class city.” In the Kathputli colony, a slum settlement in Delhi, development has been occurring for almost 50 years as the region is a vibrant mix of local production and circus performers. In recent years, as Delhi develops outward, the Delhi Development Agency has looked to redevelop Kathputli. This redevelopment is being presented as an improvement for the residents of the slum, but in interviews with the residents, they are skeptical of the end result. The goal of this paper is to employ Kathputli as a case study to view the life cycle of a typical slum community, using Wolfel, Richmond and Grazaitis’ (2017) framework of urban development to demonstrate how the complexity of slum development, slum dynamics and slum destruction. As more people continue to migrate to a city, understanding the dynamics of slum communities becomes more essential if one is to successfully operate in a large urban area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Complex land use/land cover (LULC) patterns were investigated in the National Capital Region, India (NCR). India have a major impact on prevailing surface temperature circumstances. Various studies have been undertaken to establish the relationship between Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (LST) in various geographic regions and ecosystems over the past two decades. However, studies aiming to understand the seasonal variation of environmental conditions, especially the thermal environment at the regional level are missing in NCR. This study employs MODIS satellite imagery to assess the temporal relationship between land surface temperature mechanics for LULC and vegetation cover in the NCR over five seasons. Results showed that concerning the scrubland/fallow land areas and agricultural land, the difference between the maximum and minimum temperature is the highest for all seasons, largely corresponding to NCR Cities' peripheral areas. The LST plays a significant role in NDVI related to vegetation vigour and growth in the NCR. The study shows that the seasonal distribution of LST needs to be overcome with high vegetation cover and some other appropriate mitigation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intangible heritage and architecture, articulate specific cultural processes and history. In Vassanji's non-fictional narrative A Place Within: Rediscovering India, there is place-making through the lens of culture, religion, history, politics and migration. Positioning himself as a tourist to his ancestral homeland, the author makes observations that can be critiqued through the concept of 'palimpsest' – an intriguing 'layering' that gesture at wider circuits of culture. This study is an examination of the diasporic consciousness, religious encounters; heritage narrative features, the tracing of overlapping cultural spheres in Delhi, aesthetic and political tensions, as represented in Vassanji's narrative. The article is an exploration of a broad system of cultural and religious discursive constructions and practices in architecture, as suggested in the non-fictional narrative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, as in many other Asian countries, private tutoring to supplement school education and prepare students for competitive examinations is a burgeoning industry. These “tuitions” provide opportunities for self-employment, including for many women working in or near their homes. Through an ethnographic study of tutors in a Delhi neighborhood, this article presents tuitions work as a form of moral infrastructure. This infrastructure is foundational to the fulfillment of evolving social roles that comprise the realization of relational personhood in contemporary urban India. Consequently, it remains robust – indeed, continues to expand – despite encompassing conflicting projects and discourses. Through the case of tuitions, this article proposes a theoretical framework for conceptualizing infrastructures as channels for movement that articulate normative visions of and for society. These prescribed channels may simultaneously invite shortcuts, bypasses, and other unintended uses that incrementally transform those visions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]