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In Indonesia, programs designed to enhance the precision of antibiotic utilization necessitate specific tools for gauging knowledge and attitudes among the intended population. This research seeks to create a novel instrument customized to suit the specific requirements of the Indonesian populace and evaluate its psychometric characteristics in the context of measuring antibiotic knowledge and attitudes. This study was performed with forward and backward translation, adaptation testing, and a validation phase in which we distributed the instrument link via Google Forms to six major regions in Indonesia. The translation and adaptation phases, any disparities were resolved through consensus. Validity was determined through known group validity, construct validity, and product-moment correlation. Internal consistency among items was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. In the adaptation phase, additional descriptions were added to the 6 items. In the validation phase, 1147 participants were recruited. The a priori hypothesis in the known group validity is supported. We also found three items that did not meet construct validity. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, it is better to use four factors with modified domain names based on items that are incorporated in one factor. Based on the results of the validity test using the product-moment correlation for 11 items in the Attitude domain, all items were declared valid. Cronbach's alpha value in the knowledge domain was 0.791 and in the attitude domain was 0.929. Our instrument is valid and reliable for assessing the general public's knowledge and attitudes toward antibiotics in the Indonesian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to support governmental implementation policy and associated interventions related to environmental policy and legislation, understanding the public's acceptability towards these policies is crucial. One significant environmental issue is the proper disposal of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), which can cause harm to the environment. To assess social acceptability towards ELV policy, a scale was developed consisting of 49 measurement items with five latent constructs: psychological and social cognitive constructs, environmental constructs, and social support. Content validation was performed by three experts who produced an item-content validity index greater than 0.79. To test the validity and reliability of the construct items, a case study was conducted in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (JABODETABEK), Indonesia, with 250 respondents. Exploratory factor analysis showed that 48 items matched the validity and reliability requirements, and all constructs showed very good or excellent reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient rule. The developed scale fulfills all the requirements of validity and reliability and can be used as a new instrument to measure a person's desire to implement ELV policies, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This study can contribute to developing and implementing effective environmental policies and legislation related to ELV. • The social acceptability of the end-of-life vehicles policy in Indonesia is analyzed. • A new instrument to measure a person's desire to implement policies is developed. • The developed scale satisfies all the requirements of validity and reliability. • Case study with 250 respondents is conducted in JABODETABEK, Indonesia. • Guidelines for the effective implementation of environmental policies are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skilled tutors are important in equivalency education program, which is closely linked to the quality of tutors. However, the tutors still have problem with their pedagogical abilities. This problem became the focus of this study when the Technological Andragogical Content Knowledge (TACK) instrument for the tutors of equivalency education program was developed. This study aimed to develop TACK instrument and assess its validity and reliability. The study used the Research and Development (R&D) model. Ninety-seven tutors from the equivalency education program in Padang, Indonesia took part in the study. The findings of study showed that the TACK instrument was valid according to three validators, who gave it an average validity score of 88. This means that the score was high and accepted. At the same time, the trial analysis yielded an average of four responses to each question. Therefore, this statement was valid. The validity test results indicate that 90% of the statements are valid. The reliability test results yielded a Cronbach's alpha of 0.956%. It can be concluded that the instrument was reliable and valid to use in actual study to measure the level of technological andragogical content knowledge of tutors in equivalency program in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Uncontrolled hypertension is a leading cause of death worldwide and self-care is one of the essential management strategies. However, data regarding the psychometric properties of self-care instruments in the Indonesian context is lacking. This study aims to validate the Hypertension Self-care Profile (HBP SCP) instrument in the Indonesia version. Methods: A forward-backward translation technique was used for the Hypertension (HBP SCP) questionnaire. This questionnaire had three domains namely motivation, self-efficacy, and behavior. It was completed by a total of 191 respondents and the survey was conducted from September to December 2021 in the Health Primary Care Bandung West Java, Indonesia. The Cronbach's alpha was used to test the reliability scale, the content validity index was assessed by five experts, and item inter-correlation was analyzed to test the total items. Results: The results showed that the content validity index was in the excellent category with a value of 0.89. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.875, indicating satisfactory internal consistency. Furthermore, the total items correlation had a significance value of 0.05 (df = N-2) for the three scales namely 0.353-0.742, 0.302-0.642, and 0.237-0.649 for motivation, self-efficacy, and behavior, respectively. Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the Hypertension HBP SCP instrument is valid and reliable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: Emotional distress experienced by patients with diabetes (PWD) can affect glycemic control and quality of life. However, limited tools are available in Indonesia to detect emotional distress in PWD in clinical setting or research. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Indonesia version of the Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID-5) scale. Methods: After the cross-cultural adaptation method was conducted, psychometric tests were done from August to November 2019 at affiliated hospitals in Yogyakarta by involving 100 adult PWD. All PWD with no medical records of mental health problems or cognitive disorders were voluntarily included. Content and construct validity and internal consistency measurements were used to evaluate the psychometric properties. Results: The mean age was 61.2 years of the men and women who equally participated in the study and mostly were non-working patients. The PAID-5 resulted in five question items to identify the emotional distress of PWD in the Indonesian language. Some minor modifications were done in items four and five after discussing them with the original authors and experts in Indonesia. The results showed item content validity index for item and scale were 0.6-0.8 and 0.72, respectively. The calculated r-values ranged from 0.751 to 0.888, which were higher than the r table (0.197). The Cronbach alpha of the Indonesia version of PAID-5 was 0.87 with inter-item and item-total correlations of 0.43-0.71 and 0.61-0.79, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that PAID-5 is considered valid and reliable to assess emotional distress among PWD and can be useful in clinical setting or for research purposes. Continued assessment of emotional distress is applicable and helps patients to better deal with their emotional distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nonmotor symptoms are common but less reported in Parkinson's disease. it's the cause of decreased quality of life and disability in many patients with Parkinson's disease compared to the motor symptom. Our study aimed to translate the original English-language version of the nonmotor symptom scale (NMSS) into the Indonesian version of the NMSS. And also to evaluate its validity and reliability for use in Indonesian-speaking Parkinson's disease patients. This for better and valid usage of NMSS scale in the Indonesian patient and health care provider Material and Method: This was descriptive-analytic study. Cross-cultural adaptation of NMSS and psychometric analysis of the Indonesian version of NMSS was carried out from 2 Teaching Hospital centers in Surabaya, East Java. Several other scales were also examined, including MMSE, ESS, BDI, and Scopa-Aut. A reliability test was performed using Alpha Cronbach. Results: A total of 35 patients were included in this study. the average age was 64.03±12.92 with the female sex 42.9% (n=15) and the male 57.1% (n=20), and Hoehn and Yahr stage II 57.1% (n=20). The total average NMSS is 11.64. The validity of contents and constructs of the NMSS on each domain has been proven valid. Internal reliability of internal consistency in these tools with an alpha Cronbach value of 0.836. Each domain correlates with several other scores including MMSE, BDI, ESS, and Scopa-aut. Conclusion: The Indonesian version of NMSS has good validity and reliability in assessing nonmotor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Negative symptoms have long been conceptualized as a core aspect of schizophrenia. Despite widespread recognition of the status of these symptoms as independent dimensions of schizophrenia, they are sometimes difficult to distinguish from depression or cognitive impairment. Therefore, objective assessment of schizophrenia symptoms is critical by obtaining a valid and reliable Indonesian version of the SANS instrument. This study aimed to determine the content validity, concurrent, internal consistency reliability, inter-rater, cut-off value, sensitivity, and specificity of the SANS instrument. Methods: This is a diagnostic study using the cross-sectional method to determine the relationship between the SANS and PANSS instruments on the negative symptom subscale. It was located at the Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Mental Hospital of North Sumatera Province. Results: Of the 400 subjects, 67.5% were males, and the median age of the subjects was 37 years (18-45). The results of the content validity test were good (mean l-CVI=1.00), and the concurrent validity test comparing the SANS and PANSS instruments on the negative symptom subscale obtained significant results (p < 0.001) with a strong correlation (r = 0.763). Additionally, the consistency reliability test had a very high internal score (Cronbach alpha = 0.969), the overall inter-rater reliability test was "very good" (ICC = 0.985), and the cut-off value was 10.5 with sensitivity and specificity values of 72.9 and 77.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The Indonesian version of the SANS instrument is valid and reliable for measuring negative symptoms in people with schizophrenia in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large number of the elderly in Indonesia are affected by an increasing number of disabilities, with reduced mobility being one of the causes. Locomotive syndrome may cause decreased mobility, and its progression can impair the activities of daily living. Early screening is essential to halt its progression. The loco-check, a screening tool for locomotive syndrome, is available in English. A cross-cultural adaptation of this tool for an Indonesian version is important to maintain the validity of the questionnaire for its implementation in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to obtain a valid Indonesian version of the loco-check questionnaire that has been adapted as per Indonesian language and cultural conventions (through a cross-cultural adaptation process). The subjects in the study were community-dwelling geriatrics over 65 years of age who were recruited using consecutive non-probability judgment sampling according to the inclusion criteria. This study, conducted from February to October 2019, was divided into two stages consisting of: (1) language and cultural adaptation; (2) validity and reliability testing. The seven items on the loco-check were translated using forward-backward translation. The final questionnaire was generated through an expert panel discussion. The validity and reliability were evaluated using concurrent validity and Cronbach's alpha using SPSS Version 23.0. In the first stage, the first and second trials showed a strong correlation between the English and Indonesian versions of the questionnaire with r = 0.997 (p < 0.001) and r = 0.825 (p = 0.003), respectively. The final Indonesian version of the loco-check had a good validity and reliability with r = 0.981 (p < 0.001) and Cronbach's alpha of 0.768, respectively. The Indonesian cross-cultural adaptation of the loco-check questionnaire is a valid and reliable general questionnaire that could enable screening for locomotive syndrome in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research on growth mindset shows a positive trend in the recent years. The importance of the growth mindset for students is growing to be a center in education, but the valid scale to assess the variable in Indonesia is still limited. The study aims to measure the validity and reliability of the adaptation mindset scale in the Indonesian context. The scale was developed by Carol Dweck in 2008. The study recruited 554 students from universities consisting of students in diploma, bachelor, master, and doctoral programs in Indonesia. The research used the Rasch model to test the validity and reliability of the mindset scale instrument considering the five Fisher's criteria. The results indicated good results based on the internal consistency of the instrument with a reliability value of 0.99 and Cronbach's alpha value of 0.88. The construction validation of the scale still did not meet the fair criteria on the Fisher standard (Fisher, 2007), but the number was found acceptable according to some studies. Meanwhile, the results of the misfit test showed that each item had met the standard of a good instrument in which the MNSQ value was between 0.71-1.4 in the good category. The recommendation for further study was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia has its emergency patient management system regulated in Public Safety Center (PSC) 119 as stated in Indonesia’s Health Ministry Regulation No. 19 (2016). An evaluation to assess the ongoing management of this system is a must to ensure its continuous development. This study assessed the ongoing emergency patient management system using instrument indicator questionnaires developed by the authors. The questionnaire consists of 28 indicators from 8 assessment aspects including: policy, planning, program implementation, communication, transportation, referral, management reviews, and emergency services. Questionnaires were distributed and completed questionnaires were received from 88 respondents from 21 provinces of Indonesia. Validity test results counted the coefficient correlation of all indicators above r value table (0.2096) and all Alpha Cronbach’s indicators value above 0,80. The value indicator is considered poor if its average score is below the average score of the overall indicators and is considered good if it is above the av erage overall indicator score. The assessment result there is twelve indicators from this study shows a below average value (66). Data acquired in this study can be used as a preliminary reference for continuous improvement of Indonesia’s emergency management system operated by the PSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evaluation of speech is important in dentistry, especially in prosthodontics, due to its impact on quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Indonesian Speech Handicap Index (SHI). A cross-sectional study was conducted, and a self-administered questionnaire was disseminated to dental patients in a dental hospital in Indonesia. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, discriminant validity, and convergent validity were examined to analyze the questionnaire. Furthermore, Mann-Whitney statistical tests were employed to analyze the data. Data were obtained from 32 subjects with an average age of 52.7 ±16.1 years. The internal consistency of the Indonesian SHI was excellent (Cronbach's alpha = 0.976). The Indonesian SHI was found to be a reliable and valid clinical tool to measure speech handicap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The need to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has grown increasingly in the healthcare sector over the past few decades. The Dental Impact on Daily Living (DIDL) assessment is a tool created to measure OHRQoL. The aim of this study was to complete a cross-cultural adaptation of the DIDL to yield a valid and reliable Indonesian version for use as an official instrument to assist in further OHRQoL research in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The original English version of the DIDL was translated and validated. Content validity and face validity were considered. Psychometric testing for test–retest reliability was analyzed among 32 subjects, while internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and clinical oral health status using the DMF-T index to obtain convergent validity of the questionnaire were checked among 278 subjects. Results: The study subjects showed a good understanding of how to complete the Indonesian language version of the DIDL questionnaire, and conceptual and semantic equivalence (content and face validity) were noted. Further, test–retest reliability was noted (intraclass correlation coefficient range: 0.975–1 and Cronbach's alpha: 0.942), whereas convergent validity suggested a correlation between DMF-T and DIDL questionnaire of −0.502 with significance at alpha of 5% (P = 0.00), which means that decreasing the DMF-T outcome will increase the satisfaction using the DIDL among research subjects. Conclusion: Cross-cultural adaptation of the DIDL yielded a valid and reliable Indonesian version. The DIDL questionnaire is a promising questionnaire that can be applied to measure OHRQoL in Indonesians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) is an assessment of the impact of oral health problems of preschoolers on the quality of oral health assessed by parents. The purpose of this study was to develop ECOHIS in the Indonesian version and evaluate the validity and reliability of ECOHIS among preschoolers. The Indonesian version of ECOHIS (I-ECOHIS) was developed through the Trans-cultural adaotation of psychometric analysis. The study was conducted to assess internal consistency, convergence validity, construct validity, and discriminant validity. Data were collected from 117 parents of children aged 3-5 years from six play-group schools in the Meuraxa sub-district of Banda Aceh city. Cronbach's alpha for the I-ECOHIS instrument is 0.874. On convergent validity and construct by using spearman analysis, the correlation value of the I-ECOHIS coefficient as a whole r 0.645 and 0. 654 and P ≤ 0,01. Discriminant validity, using Kruskal Wallis crucial p ≤ 0.05. I-ECOHIS is a valid measure and can be used to assess the quality of life of children aged 3−5 years in Indonesian children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study assessed the construct validity of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) in Indonesia. Methods: The study included 240 women aged over 45 years in Indonesia. The MRS measures psychological, somatic-vegetative, and urogenital symptoms using 11 items obtained from participants' daily symptom records. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha coefficient were measured to examine the test-retest reliability and internal consistency reliability. The test-retest reliability was evaluated by an extra 30 participants twice at 2-week intervals. For construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was employed to assess factor structure and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the structural model fit of the MRS. Results: The ICC for the test-retest reliability ranged between 0.90 and 0.95. The Cronbach alpha coefficients in the somatic-vegetative, psychological, and urogenital dimensions were 0.92, 0.93, and 0.95, respectively. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.96, and the Bartlett's test of sphericity was statistically significant and adequate for EFA. CFA was tested using the second-order model with three first-order factors and yielded an excellent model fit. Conclusion: Results indicated that the brief questionnaire of the MRS possesses acceptable construct validity for evaluating menopause symptoms in Indonesian women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COMFORT Behavior Scale (CBS) is an instrument that has been validated in several languages to assess the levels of sedation in children. This project was implemented to identify the validity and reliability of CBS. The design used was an analytic descriptive cross-sectional approach. Fifty-one children aged 1 month to 18 years who received analgesic and/or sedation therapy were purposively selected and assessed for their sedation levels using CBS and the Nurse Interpretation of Sedation Score (NISS). The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test to measure the concurrent validity; each item was analyzed using Pearson correlation; inter-rater reliability was measured by the Kappa coefficient; and the internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha. The results showed there was no significant correlation between the levels of sedation assessed using CBS and NISS (P= 0.118; a= 0.05). Six items in the CBS instrument were found to be valid (r= 0.348-0.813). The Cronbach's alpha for CBS was 0.873. Thus, the Indonesian version of CBS is valid and reliable in assessing sedation levels in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]