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A Systematic Review of Lipid Measures and Lipid Ratios of Five Continents Populations, Estimation of Ratios and Standard Lipid Indices for Atherosclerosis: Persian Study There have been no studies combining the results of published evidences of lipid measures and lipid ratios to produce international comparisons of lipid measures among different populations. To provide a valid report of lipid measures around the globe for developing risk assessment instrument and guidelines for coronary artery disease (CAD). A systematic review of observational studies was designed. Search strategy consisted of following electronic data bases: MEDLINE (Ovid), Cochrane library, evidence based medicine (EBM) reviews, and Pub Med. Time period of the study was 1999 to 26 January 2014. Quality assessment of the assembled studies was conducted by using standard check lists and blinding the review authors. We identified 815 articles using the pre-specified keywords and the search strategy. Thirty-four articles met our criteria of relevance and appropriateness. Mean level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was statistically significant and higher in men than in women and the ratio of LDL-C/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was higher among women of the universe. Multivariate adjusted measures and relationships demonstrated that distribution of lipid measures was globally different. Results of polynomial regression revealed that lipid measures for Mexican Americans, Koreans, Europeans and Iranians were different from other countries.