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China's GDP grew 9% annually during the end of the twentieth century. This economic growth degrades China's ecology, making it the world's greatest polluter. This position forced China to invest in developing nations and to take advantage of low-cost labor and increased pollution quotas from the World Trade Organization (WTO) to meet sustainable development objectives without environmental harm. The significance of this study is, first, this study examines the influence of Chinese outward foreign direct investment, gross domestic product, trade openness, technological innovation, and energy consumption on carbon emissions in Asian countries (Turkey, Pakistan, the Philippines, Singapore, India, Indonesia, and Cambodia). Secondly, the panel autoregressive distributed lag cointegration (ARDL) technique was used on data from 2000 to 2020 to investigate the pollution halo/haven hypothesis and environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for south Asian nations. This analysis demonstrated that Chinese outbound foreign direct investment increases carbon emissions and confirms the pollution halo concept. Except for India and Pakistan, these nations show a U-shaped link between Chinese foreign direct investment and carbon emissions. So, policy implications recommended by the results of this study are foreign direct investment inflows with modern and ecofriendly technological transfer and enhancement in labor, and conservational management practices will benefit emerging countries to attain their sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modernization refers to the general process of progress within human societies. As a result of carbon dioxide emissions, global warming poses a significant threat to human sustainability. Therefore, the scientific community must thoroughly research the impact of modernization on CO2 emissions. Surprisingly, just a few pieces of research have previously examined this subject. Asian economies are regarded as laggards in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with environmental degradation being one of the key issues confronting these countries. This study used panel data regression to investigate the association between sectoral modernization and CO2 emissions in South Asia. None of the existing studies has observed the sectoral modernization and CO2 emission nexus in the region of South Asia. Therefore, this study bridges the research gap in the current literature. This study found that social sector transformation, energy sector, and services sector modernization have negative associations with CO2 emissions in South Asia. However, both the agricultural sector and industrial sector modernization are positively associated with CO2 emissions in South Asia. The empirical results from several models suggest that sectorial modernization has a significant and strong association with environmental sustainability. Access to a green and eco-friendly economy can increase modernization among different sectors of the economy to produce pro-environment products and society. Also, we found that FDI and trade policies influence the economies to follow environment-friendly economic practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores the dynamic linkages of financial inclusion, modernization, and environmental sustainability in South Asia during the period 1998–2019. Two distinct composite indexes for financial inclusion and modernization are developed by using principal component analysis (PCA) based on normalized indicators. To examine the dynamic linkages, we adopted panel regression models that are not only robust but also heteroskedasticity consistent. We find that financial inclusion, modernization, per capita GDP, and FDI appear to lead to higher CO2 emissions in the South Asian region. Meanwhile, increased economic integration and trade openness appear to have negative dynamics for carbon emissions. These empirical findings are unbiased and robust to different reasonable modifications to panel data model specifications. This study comes up with the conclusion that presently there is no policy coherence and coordination between growing financial inclusion, modernization, and carbon mitigation strategies in South Asia. Thus, the prospect of financial inclusion and modernization should be cohesive into comprehensive climate change mitigation strategies at regional, national, and global levels, specifically to mitigate the adverse dynamics of higher carbon emissions associated with modern development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To tackle the issue of climate change and environmental degradation debates regarding carbon neutrality is on the rise. Regional Comprehensive Economic Cooperation (RCEP), the leading trading union, covers nearly third of global economy, world population, is responsible for thirty percent of global trade and global gross domestic product. The existent study tests the impact of financial, economic, political, and composite risk on consumption-based carbon dioxide emissions (CCO2) in selected RCEP economies during the period of 1990 to 2020. The empirical analysis consists of cross-sectional dependence, slope heterogeneity, cross-sectional augmented panel unit root test, Westerlund cointegration, second-generation cross-section augmented autoregressive distributed lags model (CS-ARDL), and panel causality test. Further, we explore the role of imports, renewable energy supply, exports, and gross domestic product per-capita on CCO2. The empirical results suggest that the less political risk help to mitigate while the lower financial, economic, and composite risk increase CCO2 emissions in selected RCEP economies. Moreover, exports and renewable energy supply show mitigating effect, whereas imports show upsurge in CCO2. Additionally, a bidirectional causality exists between exports and CCO2, imports and CCO2, GDP per-capita and CCO2, political risk and CCO2, and renewable energy and CCO2 emissions, while a one-way causality from financial risk, composite risk, and economic risk to CCO2. Renewable energy supplies along with the improvement in sub-components of political risk, for instance, corruption, government stability, would help to effectively tackle the issue of CCO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South Asian economies have had substantial development in recent decades, but policymakers are concerned about long-term output stability. Considering this, institutional quality and green technical innovation are recognized as effective mechanisms to mitigate CO 2 emissions and promote sustainable growth as guided in core of COP 26. Consequently, the goal of this study is to investigate the long-run effect of institutional quality, green technology innovation, renewable energy, trade openness, population and economic growth on CO 2 emissions from 1995 to 2020 in selected South Asian countries. Due to the possibility of residual cross-sectional reliance and heterogeneity, the study examined the relationship between the variables using second-generation panel techniques. The empirical findings show that green technological innovation and renewable energy reduce CO 2 emissions by 0.084% and 0.054% respectively. Institutional quality, population growth, trade openness and economic growth degrade the environment 0.215%, 0.300%, 0.195% and 0.182% respectively. Dumitrescu and Hurlin (D-H) found a bidirectional causality association between green technological innovation, renewable energy consumption, trade openness, population size, economic growth, and CO 2 emissions. This study offers policy recommendations for achieving a low-carbon economy, increasing the use of renewable energy, improving the institutions, making more investments in green technology, and ensuring environmental sustainability in South Asian economies. • Investigate the relationship between institutional quality, green technological innova-tion and CO 2 emissions. • A second-generation panel technique is used in this study. • Green technological innovation and renewable energy mitigate CO 2 emissions. • Institutional quality and economic growth degrade the environment. • Trade openness and population growth significantly increase CO 2 emissions. • This study also contributes to the body of literature by considering the COP 26 resolu-tions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Range satisfaction and "refueling" of battery electric vehicles (EVs) have become a major challenge hampering consumer acceptance. Battery Swap Technology (BST) is a trusted option in mitigating these obstacles. Available studies are yet to explore the psychological determinants of consumers' BST adoption intention. In addressing this gap, this study used a framework encompassing the technology acceptance model (TAM), theory of planned behavior (TPB), perceived risk, and knowledge in investigating consumers' adoption intention of BST using structural equation modeling. With responses from Chinese consumers in the Jiangsu province (n = 405), the results revealed that the structural model had a better fit and explanatory power (R2 = 0.58). Perceived usefulness, attitude, subjective norm, and knowledge positively influenced adoption intention towards battery swap technology. Perceived risk was negatively linked to attitude, perceived usefulness, and adoption intention, whiles perceived behavior control (PBC) was insignificant towards BST adoption intention. Also, knowledge fully mediated PBC and adoption intention. The findings confirmed that consumers' adoption intention differed by gender, family size, and residency type. The study provides meaningful policy implications to stakeholders to enhance adoption and enriches the understanding of consumers' adoption intentions in the context of battery swap technology. • Chinese' residents adoption intention of battery swap technology was investigated • Assessed the explanatory power of TPB, TAM, and structural model • Key constructs influencing BST adoption intention were assessed • Mediating effects of knowledge was investigated • ANOVA analysis of respondents was explored [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates the intricate relationships between economic variables and how they affect South Asian nation's ability to develop sustainably. Given the growing concerns about climate change and global warming brought on by emissions of greenhouse gases, this study looks into the connection between emissions of CO 2 , green energy, industrialization, foreign direct investment, economic globalization, and financial development from 1995 to 2022. Second-generation panel techniques were employed in this study to look at the relationship between variables because of the potential of residual cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity. The empirical outcomes display that green energy, economic globalization, and financial development reduce CO 2 emissions by 1.839%, 1.223%, and 3.902% respectively. Industrialization and foreign direct investment degrade the environment by 4.302% and 1.893% respectively. A bidirectional causality link between green energy, industrialization, economic globalization, and CO 2 emissions was found by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (D-H). Based on our findings, we recommend legislative support for renewable energy, cleaner technologies, and strict environmental regulations, aligning with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Encouraging FDI, sustainable practices, and financial development can drive economic growth while preserving the environment. As we approach COP28, this holistic approach to sustainable development becomes increasingly vital for South Asian countries to achieve their SDG targets and combat climate change. • Analyzed economic factors' impact on CO2 emissions in South Asia (1995-2022). • Used advanced panel methods on green energy, FDI, and industrialization. • Highlighted the need for renewable energy laws and strict environmental rules. • Advocated for sustainability incentives to support COP28 goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The staggering rise in global temperature and abrupt change of climate are the responses of nature alerting humanity to limit the emissions of hazardous gases and adopt environmentally-benign life style. The present study explores empirically whether any changes in environmental policy stringency (EPSI), political risk (PR), and the interaction term of EPSI*PR result in any alteration of consumption-based carbon emissions (CBCE) of the 24 advanced OECD economies over the period of 1990–2020. Prior to the empirical estimations, various diagnostic tests are employed. The empirical techniques include, panel cointegration check, Cross-sectional Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lags (CS-ARDL), and Dumitrescu & Hurlin panel causality test. The findings confirm that imports, gross domestic product, and stringency of environment policies activate CBCE in short-run. Whereas, a unit improvement in political risk and its interaction with environmental policy stringency give rise to 0.231 MtCO 2 of CBCE in long run. Interestingly, the squared term of environmental policy stringency effectively tackles such emissions. Based on the findings, we conclude that the present environment related policies of OECD member states does not effectively limit CBCE. In order to achieve genuine emissions reduction goals, the selected nations should restructure their environment related policies by prioritizing increments in environmental policy stringency along with minimizing the risks involved in the political system. • The present environmental policies of OECD nations are not targeting consumption-based emissions. • The Lower the political risk, the minor the consumption-based carbon emissions. • Lower political risk along with efficient environmental policies curb such emissions. • Interestingly, augmenting the current environmental policies tackles the emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]