Search

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate differences in anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) and insulin-like 3 (INSL3) levels and their association with gonadotropin and ovarian steroid hormones, as expression of ovarian function, between healthy normal-weight ovulatory and anovulatory eumenorrheic late adolescent females.Study Design: This study analyzed AMH and INSL3 levels in forty healthy eumenorrheic late adolescent females (aged 16-19 ys), selected from a cross-sectional epidemiological study performed on the prevalence of hyperandrogenic states. The subjects were divided into ovulatory (n: 28) and anovulatory (n: 12) groups in accordance to a previous cluster analysis based on progesterone (P) distribution measured once in the latter part of the cycle. Both groups were compared for anthropometric, biochemical and hormonal parameters.Results: INSL3 and AMH were detectable in all samples. Testosterone (P=0.01), the free-androgen index (FAI) (P=0.051), gonadotropins (LH: P=0.02; FSH: P=0.004) and AMH (P=0.02) levels were significantly higher in the anovulatory group with respect to their ovulatory counterpart. A trend toward significantly higher INSL3 concentrations (P=0.08) was also shown in the anovulatory group. A positive correlation between INSL3 levels and androgens such as androstenedione (r=0.38; P=0.02), testosterone (r=0.44; P=0.004) and FAI (r=0.42; P=0.006) and a negative borderline significant correlation (r=-0.30; P=0.055) between AMH and P were shown in all subjects.Conclusion: Healthy eumenorrheic late adolescent females with sporadic anovulation display higher AMH and INSL-3 blood concentrations in association with higher androgen levels compared with age- and BMI-matched subjects with ovulatory cycle, suggesting evidence of an earlier ovarian dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) decrease the expression of growth factors involved in the development of human endometriotic tissue. As endometriosis has been found to be associated with a mild increase in prolactin (PRL) serum levels, we aimed to evaluate changes in PRL serum levels as well as other hormones relevant to endometriosis and infertility during long-term administration of GnRHas in women with endometriosis.Study Design: In this prospective pilot study we obtained blood samples on the first day of leuporeline administration and then subsequently after 4, 8 and 12 weeks in 22 patients.Results: Median PRL levels were unchanged after 4 weeks, but significantly decreased 8 and 12 weeks after the first leuporeline administration (p1=0.085, p2=0.020, p3=0.001). There was no significant decrease in serum anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels over the whole period of down regulation with leuporeline (p1-3>0.05).Conclusion: Our data support the hypothesis that the decrease of PRL levels might contribute to the known effect of GnRH treatment in patients with endometriosis via suppression of VEGF expression in endometriotic lesions. Moreover this study lends support to the thesis that AMH remains stable under GnRHa therapy and therefore can be also used as a marker of ovarian function prior to IVF-stimulation during down regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]