1. Cytoprotective effects of berry anthocyanins against induced oxidative stress and inflammation in primary human diabetic aortic endothelial cells.
- Author
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Aboonabi A, Singh I, and Rose' Meyer R
- Subjects
- Anthocyanins chemistry, Anthocyanins pharmacokinetics, Caspase 1 genetics, Caspase 1 metabolism, Cell Line, Cell Survival drug effects, Cytokines genetics, Cytokines metabolism, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Humans, Hydrogen Peroxide administration & dosage, Hydrogen Peroxide toxicity, Inflammation drug therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Molecular Structure, Reactive Oxygen Species, Anthocyanins pharmacology, Aorta cytology, Cytoprotection drug effects, Endothelial Cells drug effects, Inflammation chemically induced, Oxidative Stress drug effects
- Abstract
Type 2 diabetes is associated with oxidative stress and low-grade inflammation resulting in endothelial dysfunction (ED). This study determined to explore the protective effects of berry-derived anthocyanins (AC) with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in human diabetic endothelial cells upon oxidative and inflammatory stressors. Cultured healthy human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and diabetic human aortic endothelial cells (D-HAEC) exposed to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide (H
2 O2 , 75 μM) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 μg/mL) as an inflammatory inducer before treatment with AC (50 μl/ml). The results from cytotoxicity assays showed that AC had no significant effects in cell viability (P-value < 0.0001), and exposure to H2 O2 75 μM had a less toxic effect (P-value < 0.05). Although, AC significantly decreased H2 O2 -induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress in both HAEC and D-HAEC cell lines (P-value < 0.0001), no positive impact of AC was found on the GSSG/GSH ratios (P-value < 0.05). Exposure to the LPS increased the production of IL-6 in both HAEC and D-HAEC cell lines (P-value < 0.0001), whereas AC treatment reduced LPS-induced IL-6 production in both cell lines with a more robust impact on D-HAEC (P-value < 0.0001). While LPS increased inflammasome assembling and caspase-1 activation, AC treatment inhibited caspase-1 activation in D-HAEC (P ≤ 0.05). This study indicated that berry anthocyanins reduced oxidative stress and inflammation via the inhibition of the NF-ƙB signaling pathway, which contributes to mitigating the diabetes-induced up-regulation of NF-ƙB., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2020
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