886 results on '"Morace, A."'
Search Results
2. Development of neutron beamline for laser-driven neutron resonance spectroscopy
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Lan, Zechen, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Morace, Alessio, Abe, Yuki, Mirfayzi, S. Reza, Wei, Tianyun, Hayakawa, Takehito, and Yogo, Akifumi
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,High Energy Physics - Experiment ,Nuclear Experiment ,Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Recent progress of laser science provides laser-driven neutron source (LDNS), which has remarkable features such as the short pulse width. One of the key techniques to be developed for more efficient use of the LDNS is neutron collimation tubes to increase the number of neutrons arriving at a detector in the time-of-flight method. However, when a tube with a thick wall is used as a collimator the neutron collection efficiency at the detector increases but the time resolution becomes wider because of multiple scattering inside of the tube. In the present study, we have developed a collimation tube made of Ni-0, which is optimized for the increased neutron collection efficiency and a reasonable time resolution. This collimator has been demonstrated experimentally using neutron resonance spectroscopy with neutrons provided from LFEX laser., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to The European Physical Journal Plus
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- 2024
3. Single-Shot Laser-Driven Neutron Resonance Spectroscopy for Temperature Profiling
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Lan, Zechen, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Mirfayzi, S. Reza, Morace, Alessio, Hayakawa, Takehito, Sato, Hirotaka, Kamiyama, Takashi, Wei, Tianyun, Tatsumi, Yuta, Koizumi, Mitsuo, Abe, Yuki, Fujioka, Shinsuke, Mima, Kunioki, Kodama, Ryosuke, and Yogo, Akifumi
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Physics - Applied Physics - Abstract
The temperature measurement of material inside of an object is one of the key technologies for control of dynamical processes. For this purpose, various techniques such as laser-based thermography and phase-contrast imaging thermography have been studied. However, it is, in principle, impossible to measure the temperature of an element inside of an object using these techniques. One of the possible solutions is measurements of Doppler brooding effect in neutron resonance absorption (NRA). Here we present a method to measure the temperature of an element or an isotope inside of an object using NRA with a single neutron pulse of approximately 100 ns width provided from a high-power laser. We demonstrate temperature measurements of a tantalum (Ta) metallic foil heated from the room temperature up to 617 K. Although the neutron energy resolution is fluctuated from shot to shot, we obtain exactly the temperature using a reference of a silver (Ag) foil kept to the room temperature. A free gas model well reproduces the results. This method enables element(isotope)-sensitive thermometry to detect the instantaneous temperature rise in dynamical processes.
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- 2023
4. Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Gonadotroph Pituitary Tumors According to the WHO Classification
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Carbonara, Francesca, Feola, Tiziana, Gianno, Francesca, Polidoro, Michela Anna, Di Crescenzo, Rosa Maria, Arcella, Antonietta, De Angelis, Michelangelo, Morace, Roberta, de Alcubierre, Dario, Esposito, Vincenzo, Giangaspero, Felice, and Jaffrain-Rea, Marie-Lise
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- 2024
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5. Single-shot laser-driven neutron resonance spectroscopy for temperature profiling
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Zechen Lan, Yasunobu Arikawa, Seyed Reza Mirfayzi, Alessio Morace, Takehito Hayakawa, Hirotaka Sato, Takashi Kamiyama, Tianyun Wei, Yuta Tatsumi, Mitsuo Koizumi, Yuki Abe, Shinsuke Fujioka, Kunioki Mima, Ryosuke Kodama, and Akifumi Yogo
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Science - Abstract
Abstract The temperature measurement of material inside of an object is one of the key technologies for control of dynamical processes. For this purpose, various techniques such as laser-based thermography and phase-contrast imaging thermography have been studied. However, it is, in principle, impossible to measure the temperature of an element inside of an object using these techniques. One of the possible solutions is measurements of Doppler brooding effect in neutron resonance absorption (NRA). Here we present a method to measure the temperature of an element or an isotope inside of an object using NRA with a single neutron pulse of approximately 100 ns width provided from a high-power laser. We demonstrate temperature measurements of a tantalum (Ta) metallic foil heated from the room temperature up to 617 K. Although the neutron energy resolution is fluctuated from shot to shot, we obtain the temperature dependence of resonance Doppler broadening using a reference of a silver (Ag) foil kept to the room temperature. A free gas model well reproduces the results. This method enables element(isotope)-sensitive thermometry to detect the instantaneous temperature rise in dynamical processes.
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- 2024
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6. Anatomical landmarks during high-magnification microsurgery for a safe and effective resection of high-grade gliomas: how I do it
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Fava, Arianna, di Russo, Paolo, Morace, Roberta, and Esposito, Vincenzo
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- 2023
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7. Guided Electromagnetic Discharge Pulses Driven by Short Intense Laser Pulses: Characterisation and Modelling
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Ehret, M., Bailly-Grandvaux, M., Korneev, Ph., Apiñaniz, J. I., Brabetz, C., Morace, A., Bradford, P., d'Humières, E., Schaumann, G., Bagnoud, V., Malko, S., Matveevskii, C., Roth, M., Volpe, L., Woolsey, N. C., and Santos, J. J.
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,J.2 - Abstract
Strong electromagnetic pulses (EMP) are generated from intense laser interactions with solid-density targets, and can be guided by the target geometry, specifically through conductive connections to the ground. We present an experimental characterization, by time- and spatial-resolved proton deflectometry, of guided electromagnetic discharge pulses along wires including a coil, driven by 0.5 ps, 50 J, 1e19 W/cm2 laser pulses. Proton-deflectometry data allows to time-resolve first the EMP due to the laser-driven target charging and then the return EMP from the ground through the conductive target stalk. Both EMPs have a typical duration of tens of ps and correspond to currents in the kA-range with electric-field amplitudes of multiple GV/m. The sub-mm coil in the target rod creates lensing effects on probing protons, due to both magnetic- and electric-field contributions. This way, protons of 10 MeV-energy range are focused over cm-scale distances. Experimental results are supported by analytical modelling and high-resolution numerical particle-in-cell simulations, unraveling the likely presence of a surface plasma, which parameters define the discharge pulse dispersion in the non-linear propagation regime.
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- 2022
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8. The anterior sylvian point as a reliable landmark for the anterior temporal lobectomy in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: technical note, case series, and cadaveric dissection
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Arianna Fava, Serena Vittoria Lisi, Luigi Mauro, Roberta Morace, Marco Ciavarro, Nicola Gorgoglione, Giandomenico Petrella, Pier Paolo Quarato, Giancarlo Di Gennaro, Paolo di Russo, and Vincenzo Esposito
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mesial temporal lobe epilepsy ,anterior temporal lobectomy ,anterior sylvian point ,temporal anatomy ,cadaveric dissection ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
IntroductionMesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is one of the most prevalent forms of focal epilepsy in surgical series, particularly among adults. Over the decades, different surgical strategies have been developed to address drug-resistant epilepsy while safeguarding neurological and cognitive functions. Among these strategies, anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL), involving the removal of the temporal pole and mesial temporal structures, has emerged as a widely employed technique. Numerous modifications have been proposed to mitigate the risks associated with aphasia, cognitive issues, and visual field defects.MethodsOur approach is elucidated through intraoperative and cadaveric dissections, complemented by neuroradiological and cadaveric measurements of key anatomical landmarks. A retrospective analysis of patients with drug-resistant MTLE who were treated using our ATL technique at IRCCS Neuromed (Pozzilli) is presented.ResultsA total of 385 patients were treated with our ATL subpial technique anatomically focused on the anterior Sylvian point (ASyP). The mean FU was 9.9 ± 5.4 years (range 1–24). In total, 84%of patients were free of seizures during the last follow-up, with no permanent neurological deficits. Transient defects were as follows: aphasia in 3% of patients, visual field defects in 2% of patients, hemiparesis in 2% of patients, and cognitive/memory impairments in 0.8% of patients. In cadaveric dissections, the ASyP was found at a mean distance from the temporal pole of 3.4 ± 0.2 cm (range 3–3.8) at the right side and 3.5 ± 0.2 cm (3.2–3.9) at the left side. In neuroimaging, the ASyP resulted anterior to the temporal horn tip in all cases at a mean distance of 3.2 ± 0.3 mm (range 2.7–3.6) at the right side and 3.5 ± 0.4 mm (range 2.8–3.8) at the left side.DiscussionTo the best of our knowledge, this study first introduces the ASyP as a reliable and reproducible cortical landmark to perform the ATL to overcome the patients’ variabilities, the risk of Meyer’s loop injury, and the bias of intraoperative measurements. Our findings demonstrate that ASyP can be a safe cortical landmark that is useful in MTLE surgery because it is constantly present and is anterior to risky temporal regions such as temporal horn and language networks.
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- 2024
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9. Effectiveness of GLP1-RAs in type 2 diabetes: a gender analysis
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Alessandro Cuttone, Annalisa Giandalia, Andrea Muscarà, Letterio Giorgianni, Carmela Morace, Giovanni Squadrito, Domenico Cucinotta, and Giuseppina Russo
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type 2 diabetes, glp1-ras, gender differences ,Medicine ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
In type 2 diabetes (T2D), several differences have been described between men and women, concerning risk factors, clinical manifestations and chronic complications. The impact of gender on the efficacy and safety of hypoglycaemic drugs is still to be clarified. Some data suggest that GLP1-RAs may have greater efficacy on body weight in women, but comparable efficacy on glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk (CVD) in both sexes. The aim of our study was to evaluate in real-life clinical practice the possible influence of gender on the effectiveness and safety of GLP1-RAs long-acting therapy in T2D outpatients. In this single-centre observational study, we evaluated laboratory parameters, chronic complications, hypoglycaemic episodes, and any adverse events of subjects with T2D who started treatment with GLP1-RAs long-acting between 1 June 2018 and 31 May 2019, in add on to metformin or other hypoglycaemic drugs, and who practiced this therapy for at least two years. In the present analysis, 391 subjects with T2D were included (men 59.3%, women 40.7%), with a mean age of 64.1 years and mean duration of diabetes of 18.4 years. At baseline, patients were on average obese (BMI 32.8 kg/m2) with an inadequate glycaemic control (HbA1c 7.8%). Women had higher BMI values than men; glycaemic control was similar in both genders. After two years of follow-up, therapy with GLP1-RAs long-acting determined a significant reduction of BMI and blood pressure values, HbA1c, fasting glucose and GPT levels and an improvement in lipid profile. The reduction observed in BMI values was significantly greater in T2D women than in men. At stepwise regression analysis, female gender was among the independent predictors of the effectiveness of GLP1-RAs in terms of BMI reduction, together with fasting blood glucose, but not in terms of reduction of HbA1c levels, which was significantly associated with baseline blood glucose levels and metformin use, irrespective of gender. Overall, the treatment with GLP1-RAs was well tolerated, and only mild gastro-intestinal adverse events were observed (n=22; 5.6%, 14 men and 12 women P0.05), in both genders. In conclusion, in real-life clinical practice, the therapy with GLP1-RAs long-acting is safe and effective in both men and women, and it seems to be associated with a more beneficial effect on body weight in women than in men.
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- 2023
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10. Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients
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Morace, Carmela, Curatola, Selenia Lorenza, Mandraffino, Giuseppe, Scuruchi, Michele, Serrano’, Angela Elvira, Tropeano, Angelo, Lombardo, Fortunato, Salzano, Giuseppina, Squadrito, Giovanni, Versace, Antonio Giovanni, and Valenzise, Mariella
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- 2023
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11. Time-Of-Flight methodologies with large-area diamond detectors for the effectively characterization of tens of MeV protons
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Salvadori, M., Andreoli, P. L., Cipriani, M., Cristofari, G., De Angelis, R., Malko, S., Volpe, L., Hernandez, J. A. Perez, Alpinaniz, J. I., Morace, A., Antici, P., Migliorati, M., Di Giorgio, G., and Consoli, F.
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors - Abstract
A novel detector based on a polycrystalline diamond sensor is here employed in an advanced Time-Of-Flight scheme for the characterization of energetic ions accelerated during laser-matter interactions. The optimization of the detector and of the advanced TOF methodology allow to obtain signals characterized by high signal-to-noise ratio and high dynamic range even in the most challenging experimental environments, where the interaction of high-intensity laser pulses with matter leads to effective ion acceleration, but also to the generation of strong Electromagnetic Pulses (EMPs) with intensities up to the MV/m order. These are known to be a serious threat for the fielded diagnostic systems. In this paper we report on the measurement performed with the PW-class laser system Vega 3 at CLPU (30 J energy, 10^21 W/cm2 intensity, 30 fs pulses) irradiating solid targets, where both tens of MeV ions and intense EMP fields were generated. The data were analyzed to retrieve a calibrated proton spectrum and in particular we focus on the analysis of the most energetic portion (E > 5.8 MeV) of the spectrum showing a procedure to deal with the intrinsic lower sensitivity of the detector in the mentioned spectral-range.
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- 2021
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12. Learning a perceptual manifold with deep features for animation video resequencing
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Morace, Charles C., Le, Thi-Ngoc-Hanh, Yao, Sheng-Yi, Zhang, Shang-Wei, and Lee, Tong-Yee
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Computer Science - Graphics - Abstract
We propose a novel deep learning framework for animation video resequencing. Our system produces new video sequences by minimizing a perceptual distance of images from an existing animation video clip. To measure perceptual distance, we utilize the activations of convolutional neural networks and learn a perceptual distance by training these features on a small network with data comprised of human perceptual judgments. We show that with this perceptual metric and graph-based manifold learning techniques, our framework can produce new smooth and visually appealing animation video results for a variety of animation video styles. In contrast to previous work on animation video resequencing, the proposed framework applies to wide range of image styles and does not require hand-crafted feature extraction, background subtraction, or feature correspondence. In addition, we also show that our framework has applications to appealing arrange unordered collections of images., Comment: Under major revision; Project website: http://graphics.csie.ncku.edu.tw/ManifoldAnimationSequence
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- 2021
13. Identification of electrostatic two-stream instabilities associated with a laser-driven collisionless shock in a multicomponent plasma
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Sakawa, Youichi, Ohira, Yutaka, Kumar, Rajesh, Morace, Alessio, Doehl, Leonard N. K., and Woolsey, Nigel
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Electrostatic two-stream instabilities play essential roles in an electrostatic collisionless shock formation. They are a key dissipation mechanism and result in ion heating and acceleration. Since the number and energy of the shock-accelerated ions depend on the instabilities, precise identification of the active instabilities is important. Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations in a multicomponent plasma reveal ion reflection and acceleration at the shock front, excitation of a longitudinally propagating electrostatic instability due to a non-oscillating component of the electrostatic field in the upstream region of the shock, and generation of up- and down-shifted velocity components within the expanding-ion components. A linear analysis of the instabilities for a C2H3Cl plasma using the one-dimensional electrostatic plasma dispersion function, which includes electron and ion temperature effects, shows that the most unstable mode is the electrostatic ion-beam two-stream instability (IBTI), which is weakly dependent on the existence of electrons. The IBTI is excited by velocity differences between the expanding protons and carbon-ion populations. There is an electrostatic electron-ion two-stream instability with a much smaller growth rate associated with a population of protons reflecting at the shock. The excitation of the fast-growing IBTI associated with laser-driven collisionless shock increases the brightness of a quasi-monoenergetic ion beam.
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- 2021
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14. The multiple effects of Vitamin D on chronic diseases
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G. Di Mauro, M. Musarra, S. Similia, D. Puzzolo, L. Minutoli, C. Morace, N. Di Giovanni, and V. Urzì Brancati
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vitamin d ,calcium homeostasis ,cancer ,immune system ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
The beneficial effects of vitamin D in humans are numerous and various, and include neuronal, immune and bone homeostasis, and regulation of cardiovascular function. Recent studies have related vitamin D levels to cancer cell proliferation, but meta-analyses on this subject have provided controversial results. This review deals with the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory function of Vitamin D in chronic diseases, focusing mainly on cancer, immune diseases, cardiomyopathies. Vitamin D contributes significantly to reducing pro-oxidant biomarkers, both systemic and in specific tissues, involved in the development, progression, and recurrence of cancer, chronic and cardiometabolic diseases. The overall picture provided by this work highlights the need for new randomised controlled trials on oral Vitamin D supplementation in patients affected by cancer, or neurological and cardiovascular disorders, with the purpose of lowering risk factors for relapse of these diseases and improving patients' quality of life.
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- 2024
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15. Ion acceleration at two collisionless shocks in a multicomponent plasma
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Kumar, Rajesh, Sakawa, Youichi, Sano, Takayoshi, Dohl, Leonard N. K., Woolsey, Nigel, and Morace, Alessio
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Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Physics - Space Physics - Abstract
Intense laser-plasma interactions are an essential tool for the laboratory study of ion acceleration at a collisionless shock. With two-dimensional particle-in-cell calculations of a multicomponent plasma we observe two electrostatic collisionless shocks at two distinct longitudinal positions when driven with a linearly-polarized laser at normalized laser vector potential a0 that exceeds 10. Moreover, these shocks, associated with protons and carbon ions, show a power-law dependence on a0 and accelerate ions to different velocities in an expanding upstream with higher flux than in a single-component hydrogen or carbon plasma. This results from an electrostatic ion two-stream instability caused by differences in the charge-to-mass ratio of different ions. Particle acceleration in collisionless shocks in multicomponent plasma are ubiquitous in space and astrophysics, and these calculations identify the possibility for studying these complex processes in the laboratory.
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- 2021
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16. Serum endocan as a predictive biomarker of cardiovascular risk in obese pediatric patients
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Carmela Morace, Selenia Lorenza Curatola, Giuseppe Mandraffino, Michele Scuruchi, Angela Elvira Serrano’, Angelo Tropeano, Fortunato Lombardo, Giuseppina Salzano, Giovanni Squadrito, Antonio Giovanni Versace, and Mariella Valenzise
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Endocan ,Obesity ,Cardiovascular risk ,Children ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Abstract Background Endocan is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan (50 kDa) secreted by endothelial cells and expressed by dermal, coronary, pulmonary and adipose tissue microvasculature. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular disorders, inflammatory state, endothelium dysfunction and neoangiogenesis. Aims of the study were to compare fasting serum endocan levels between children with obesity and healthy controls and to investigate the relationships between endocan, body mass index (BMI) and other indices of cardiometabolic risk. Methods This single-center, observational, retrospective study included 19 pediatric patients with obesity aged 11.94 ± 0.52 years and 19 lean matched controls. Each patient underwent clinical and auxological examination and laboratory investigations including routine organs function tests and lipid profile. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Fasting endocan serum levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared to healthy subjects, serum endocan levels were found to be significantly upraised in children with obesity. Endocan resulted significantly correlated with insulin levels (rho 0.47; p = 0.04); in addition, an association with HOMA-IR values with a trend toward the statistical significance (rho 0.43; p = 0.07) was found. No significant correlation with fasting blood glucose values and lipid serum levels was demonstrated. Although not statistically significant, a correlation between endocan and the presence and grading of liver steatosis on ultrasound (rho 0.51; p = 0.08 and rho 0.51; p = 0.08, respectively) was found. Conclusions These findings confirm the association between endothelial damage and insulin resistance in children with obesity. Endocan could be used as a biomarker of early endothelial dysfunction in children with obesity and could be a valid predictor of future cardiovascular risk in adulthood.
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- 2023
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17. Ketoacidosis and SGLT2 Inhibitors: A Narrative Review
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Carmela Morace, Giuseppe Lorello, Federica Bellone, Cristina Quartarone, Domenica Ruggeri, Annalisa Giandalia, Giuseppe Mandraffino, Letteria Minutoli, Giovanni Squadrito, Giuseppina T. Russo, and Herbert Ryan Marini
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diabetic ketoacidosis ,SGLT2-i ,adverse drug reaction ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
An acute metabolic complication of diabetes mellitus, especially type 1, is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), which is due to an increase in blood ketone concentrations. Sodium/glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2-i) drugs have been associated with the occurrence of a particular type of DKA defined as euglycemic (euDKA), characterized by glycemic levels below 300 mg/dL. A fair number of euDKA cases in SGLT2-i-treated patients have been described, especially in the last few years when there has been a significant increased use of these drugs. This form of euDKA is particularly insidious because of its latent onset, associated with unspecific symptomatology, until it evolves (progressing) to severe systemic forms. In addition, its atypical presentation can delay diagnosis and treatment. However, the risk of euDKA associated with SGLT2-i drugs remains relatively low, but it is essential to promptly diagnose and manage it to prevent its serious life-threatening complications. In this narrative review, we intended to gather current research evidence on SGLT2i-associated euDKA from randomized controlled trials and real-world evidence studies, its diagnostic criteria and precipitating factors.
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- 2024
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18. Retrospective Analysis of Fever in Pediatric Age: Our Experience over the Last 5 Years
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Mariella Valenzise, Federica D’Amico, Giulia La Barbera, Carlo Maria Cassone, Silvia Patafi, Fortunato Lombardo, Tommaso Aversa, Malgorzata Gabriela Wasniewska, Giuseppina Salzano, and Carmela Morace
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fever ,epidemiology ,pediatric ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
Background: Fever is one of the most frequent symptoms highlighted during medical assistance. Due to this great impact, our study has the purpose of analyzing the demographic and laboratory characteristics of patients hospitalized in our center and identifying predictive markers to make the differential diagnosis between infectious and non-infectious fever. Methods: Our population included 220 children, collected from January 2017 to August 2022, hospitalized for continuous fever (4 days or more in duration with at least one temperature peak ≥37.5 °C) and excluded cases of discharge against medical advice and/or transfer to other operating units. Demographic (mean age at the time of admission, frequency of hospitalization, and mean days of hospitalization), laboratory, and instrumental variables were analyzed in order to find correlation with fever etiology. Results: Older age at the time of hospitalization, family history of periodic fever, fever lasting more than 8 days, and longer hospitalization are strongly associated with non-infectious fever, together with anemia, high platelet count, high CRP and ferritin, and hyponatremia at the time of admission. Paracetamol is the preferred antipyretic treatment. Echocardiogram has shown anomalies in patients with infectious fever, while ECG anomalies were detected in non-infectious fever. Conclusions: Our data underline the importance of predictive markers, such as clinical and laboratory parameters, to differentiate infectious from non-infectious fevers, but further studies are necessary.
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- 2024
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19. ATP-evoked intracellular Ca2+ transients shape the ionic permeability of human microglia from epileptic temporal cortex.
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Palomba, Nicole Piera, Martinello, Katiuscia, Cocozza, Germana, Casciato, Sara, Mascia, Addolorata, Di Gennaro, Giancarlo, Morace, Roberta, Esposito, Vincenzo, Wulff, Heike, Limatola, Cristina, and Fucile, Sergio
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KCa3.1 ,Neuroinflammation ,Perforated patch ,Primary cultures ,Purinergic signaling ,Temporal lobe epilepsy ,K(Ca)3 ,1 ,Neurology & Neurosurgery ,Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Neurosciences - Abstract
BackgroundIntracellular Ca2+ modulates several microglial activities, such as proliferation, migration, phagocytosis, and inflammatory mediator secretion. Extracellular ATP, the levels of which significantly change during epileptic seizures, activates specific receptors leading to an increase of intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Here, we aimed to functionally characterize human microglia obtained from cortices of subjects with temporal lobe epilepsy, focusing on the Ca2+-mediated response triggered by purinergic signaling.MethodsFura-2 based fluorescence microscopy was used to measure [Ca2+]i in primary cultures of human microglial cells obtained from surgical specimens. The perforated patch-clamp technique, which preserves the cytoplasmic milieu, was used to measure ATP-evoked Ca2+-dependent whole-cell currents.ResultsIn human microglia extracellular ATP evoked [Ca2+]i increases depend on Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space and on Ca2+ mobilization from intracellular compartments. Extracellular ATP also induced a transient fivefold potentiation of the total transmembrane current, which was completely abolished when [Ca2+]i increases were prevented by removing external Ca2+ and using an intracellular Ca2+ chelator. TRAM-34, a selective KCa3.1 blocker, significantly reduced the ATP-induced current potentiation but did not abolish it. The removal of external Cl- in the presence of TRAM-34 further lowered the ATP-evoked effect. A direct comparison between the ATP-evoked mean current potentiation and mean Ca2+ transient amplitude revealed a linear correlation. Treatment of microglial cells with LPS for 48 h did not prevent the ATP-induced Ca2+ mobilization but completely abolished the ATP-mediated current potentiation. The absence of the Ca2+-evoked K+ current led to a less sustained ATP-evoked Ca2+ entry, as shown by the faster Ca2+ transient kinetics observed in LPS-treated microglia.ConclusionsOur study confirms a functional role for KCa3.1 channels in human microglia, linking ATP-evoked Ca2+ transients to changes in membrane conductance, with an inflammation-dependent mechanism, and suggests that during brain inflammation the KCa3.1-mediated microglial response to purinergic signaling may be reduced.
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- 2021
20. Lingua materna/matrigna/adottiva
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Morace, Rosanna, primary
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- 2022
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21. Development of a Time-Gated Epithermal Neutron Spectrometer for Resonance Absorption Measurements Driven by a High-Intensity Laser
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Zechen Lan, Yasunobu Arikawa, Yuki Abe, Seyed Reza Mirfayzi, Alessio Morace, Takehito Hayakawa, Tianyun Wei, and Akifumi Yogo
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experimental instruments ,neutron spectrometer ,laser plasma experiment ,laser-driven neutron source ,neutron resonance spectroscopy ,Technology ,Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ,TK1-9971 - Abstract
The advance of laser-driven neutron sources (LDNSs) has enabled neutron resonance spectroscopy to be performed with a single shot of a laser. In this study, we describe a detection system of epithermal (∼eV) neutrons especially designed for neutron resonance spectroscopy. A time-gated photomultiplier tube (PMT) with a high cut-off ratio was introduced for epithermal neutron detection in a high-power laser experiment at the Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University. We successfully reduced the PMT response to the intense hard X-ray generated as a result of the interaction between laser light and the target material. A time-gated circuit was designed to turn off the response of the PMT during the laser pulse and resume recording the signal when neutrons arrive. The time-gated PMT was coupled with a 6Li glass scintillator, serving as a time-of-flight (TOF) detector to measure the neutron resonance absorption values of 182W and 109Ag in a laser-driven epithermal neutron generation experiment. The neutron resonance peaks at 4.15 eV of 182W and 5.19 eV of 109Ag were detected after a single pulse of laser at a distance of 1.07 m.
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- 2024
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22. Peta-Pascal Pressure Driven by Fast Isochoric Heating with Multi-Picosecond Intense Laser Pulse
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Matsuo, Kazuki, Higashi, Naoki, Iwata, Natsumi, Sakata, Shohei, Lee, Seungho, Johzaki, Tomoyuki, Sawada, Hiroshi, Iwasa, Yuki, Law, King Fai Farley, Morita, Hiroki, Ochiai, Yugo, Kojima, Sadaoki, Abe, Yuki, Hata, Masayasu, Sano, Takayoshi, Nagatomo, Hideo, Sunahara, Atsushi, Morace, Alessio, Yogo, Akifumi, Nakai, Mitsuo, Sakagami, Hitoshi, Ozaki, Tetsuo, Yamanoi, Kohei, Norimatsu, Takayoshi, Nakata, Yoshiki, Tokita, Shigeki, Kawanaka, Junji, Shiraga, Hiroyuki, Mima, Kunioki, Azechi, Hiroshi, Kodama, Ryosuke, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Sentoku, Yasuhiko, and Fujioka, Shinsuke
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Fast isochoric laser heating is a scheme to heat a matter with relativistic-intensity ($>$ 10$^{18}$ W/cm$^2$) laser pulse or X-ray free electron laser pulse. The fast isochoric laser heating has been studied for creating efficiently ultra-high-energy-density (UHED) state. We demonstrate an fast isochoric heating of an imploded dense plasma using a multi-picosecond kJ-class petawatt laser with an assistance of externally applied kilo-tesla magnetic fields for guiding fast electrons to the dense plasma.The UHED state with 2.2 Peta-Pascal is achieved experimentally with 4.6 kJ of total laser energy that is one order of magnitude lower than the energy used in the conventional implosion scheme. A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation reveals that diffusive heating from a laser-plasma interaction zone to the dense plasma plays an essential role to the efficient creation of the UHED state., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
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- 2019
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23. Enhanced relativistic-electron beam collimation using two consecutive laser pulses
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Malko, S., Vaisseau, X., Perez, F., Batani, D., Curcio, A., Ehret, M., Honrubia, J. J., Jakubowska, K., Morace, A., Santos, J. J., and Volpe, L.
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The double laser pulse approach to relativistic electron beam (REB) collimation has been investigated at the LULI-ELFIE facility. In this scheme, the magnetic field generated by the first laser-driven REB is used to guide a second delayed REB. We show how electron beam collimation can be controlled by properly adjusting laser parameters. By changing the ratio of focus size and the delay time between the two pulses we found a maximum of electron beam collimation clearly dependent on the focal spot size ratio of the two laser pulses and related to the magnetic field dynamics. Cu-K alpha and CTR imaging diagnostics were implemented to evaluate the collimation effects on the respectively low energy (< 100 keV) and high energy (> MeV) components of the REB.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Hard particle spectra of galactic X-ray sources by relativistic magnetic reconnection in laser lab
- Author
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Law, K. F. F., Abe, Y., Morace, A., Arikawa, Y., Sakata, S., Lee, S., Matsuo, K., Morita, H., Ochiai, Y., Liu, C., Yogo, A., Okamoto, K., Golovin, D., Ehret, M., Ozaki, T., Nakai, M., Sentoku, Y., Santos, J. J., d'Humières, E., Korneev, Ph., and Fujioka, S.
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Magnetic reconnection is a process whereby magnetic field lines in different directions "reconnect" with each other, resulting in the rearrangement of magnetic field topology together with the conversion of magnetic field energy into the kinetic energy (K.E.) of energetic particles. This process occurs in magnetized astronomical plasmas, such as those in the solar corona, Earth's magnetosphere, and active galactic nuclei, and accounts for various phenomena, such as solar flares, energetic particle acceleration, and powering of photon emission. In the present study, we report the experimental demonstration of magnetic reconnection under relativistic electron magnetization situation, along with the observation of power-law distributed outflow in both electron and proton energy spectra. Through irradiation of an intense laser on a "micro-coil", relativistically magnetized plasma was produced and magnetic reconnection was performed with maximum magnetic field 3 kT. In the downstream outflow direction, the non-thermal component is observed in the high-energy part of both electron and proton spectra, with a significantly harder power-law slope of the electron spectrum (p = 1.535 +/- 0.015) that is similar to the electron injection model proposed to explain a hard emission tail of Cygnus X-1, a galactic X-ray source with the same order of magnetization. The obtained result showed experimentally that the magnetization condition in the emitting region of a galactic X-ray source is sufficient to build a hard electron population through magnetic reconnection., Comment: 25 pages, 10 figures
- Published
- 2019
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25. American Literature: A Tale of Two Polands
- Author
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Morace, Robert, Mazzeno, Laurence W., editor, and Norton, Sue, editor
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Organohalogenated contaminants in multiple life stages of the Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus), Oregon, USA
- Author
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Smith, Cassandra D., Payne, Sean E., Morace, Jennifer L., and Nilsen, Elena B.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Learning a perceptual manifold with deep features for animation video resequencing
- Author
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Morace, Charles C., Le, Thi-Ngoc-Hanh, Yao, Sheng-Yi, Zhang, Shang-Wei, and Lee, Tong-Yee
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Optimization of laser-driven quantum beam generation and the applications with artificial intelligence
- Author
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Kuramitsu, Y., primary, Taguchi, T., additional, Nikaido, F., additional, Minami, T., additional, Hihara, T., additional, Suzuki, S., additional, Oda, K., additional, Kuramoto, K., additional, Yasui, T., additional, Abe, Y., additional, Ibano, K., additional, Takabe, H., additional, Chu, C. M., additional, Wu, K. T., additional, Woon, W. Y., additional, Chen, S. H., additional, Jao, C. S., additional, Chen, Y. C., additional, Liu, Y. L., additional, Morace, A., additional, Yogo, A., additional, Arikawa, Y., additional, Kohri, H., additional, Tokiyasu, A., additional, Kodaira, S., additional, Kusumoto, T., additional, Kanasaki, M., additional, Asai, T., additional, Fukuda, Y., additional, Kondo, K., additional, Kiriyama, H., additional, Hayakawa, T., additional, Tanaka, S. J., additional, Isayama, S., additional, Watamura, N., additional, Suzuki, H., additional, Kumar, H. S., additional, Ohnishi, N., additional, Pikuz, T., additional, Filippov, E., additional, Sakai, K., additional, Yasuhara, R., additional, Nakata, M., additional, Ishikawa, R., additional, Hoshi, T., additional, Mizuta, A., additional, Bolouki, N., additional, Saura, N., additional, Benkadda, S., additional, Koenig, M., additional, and Hamaguchi, S., additional
- Published
- 2024
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29. Retrospective Analysis of Fever in Pediatric Age: Our Experience over the Last 5 Years
- Author
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Valenzise, Mariella, primary, D’Amico, Federica, additional, La Barbera, Giulia, additional, Cassone, Carlo Maria, additional, Patafi, Silvia, additional, Lombardo, Fortunato, additional, Aversa, Tommaso, additional, Wasniewska, Malgorzata Gabriela, additional, Salzano, Giuseppina, additional, and Morace, Carmela, additional
- Published
- 2024
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- View/download PDF
30. Cryogenic solid deuterium target formation to realize highly pure deuteron acceleration by high-intensity laser
- Author
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Wei, Tianyun, primary, Iwamoto, Akifumi, additional, Lan, Zechen, additional, Hayakawa, Takehito, additional, Arikawa, Yasunobu, additional, Tanabe, Daiki, additional, Ishimoto, Takashi, additional, Mori, Takato, additional, Takeshita, Masatoshi, additional, Murakami, Masakatsu, additional, Gu, Yanjun, additional, Morace, Alessio, additional, Nakai, Mitsuo, additional, and Yogo, Akifumi, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Super-strong magnetic field-dominated ion beam dynamics in focusing plasma devices
- Author
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Morace, A., Abe, Y., Honrubia, J. J., Iwata, N., Arikawa, Y., Nakata, Y., Johzaki, T., Yogo, A., Sentoku, Y., Mima, K., Ma, T., Mariscal, D., Sakagami, H., Norimatsu, T., Tsubakimoto, K., Kawanaka, J., Tokita, S., Miyanaga, N., Shiraga, H., Sakawa, Y., Nakai, M., Azechi, H., Fujioka, S., and Kodama, R.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Robustness of large-area suspended graphene under interaction with intense laser
- Author
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Kuramitsu, Y., Minami, T., Hihara, T., Sakai, K., Nishimoto, T., Isayama, S., Liao, Y. T., Wu, K. T., Woon, W. Y., Chen, S. H., Liu, Y. L., He, S. M., Su, C. Y., Ota, M., Egashira, S., Morace, A., Sakawa, Y., Abe, Y., Habara, H., Kodama, R., Döhl, L. N. K., Woolsey, N., Koenig, M., Kumar, H. S., Ohnishi, N., Kanasaki, M., Asai, T., Yamauchi, T., Oda, K., Kondo, Ko., Kiriyama, H., and Fukuda, Y.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice: Effects of PEA-OXA on Memory Retrieval and Hippocampal LTP
- Author
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Carmela Belardo, Serena Boccella, Michela Perrone, Antimo Fusco, Andrea Maria Morace, Federica Ricciardi, Roozbe Bonsale, Ines ELBini-Dhouib, Francesca Guida, Livio Luongo, Giacinto Bagetta, Damiana Scuteri, and Sabatino Maione
- Subjects
transient global amnesia ,cognition ,electrophysiology ,PEA-OXA ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
Transient global amnesia, both persistent and transient, is a very common neuropsychiatric syndrome. Among animal models for amnesia and testing new drugs, the scopolamine test is the most widely used for transient global amnesia (TGA). This study examined the scopolamine-induced deficits in working memory, discriminative memory, anxiety, and motor activity in the presence of intranasal PEA-OXA, a dual antagonist of presynaptic α2 and H3 receptors. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with intraperitoneal scopolamine (1 mg/kg) with or without pre-treatment (15 min) or post-treatment (15 min) with intranasal PEA-OXA (10 mg/kg). It was seen that scopolamine induced deficits of discriminative and spatial memory and motor deficit. These changes were associated with a loss of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal dentate gyrus: impaired LTP after lateral entorhinal cortex/perforant pathway tetanization. Furthermore, hippocampal Ach levels were increased while ChA-T expression was reduced following scopolamine administration. PEA-OXA either prevented or restored the scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits (discriminative and spatial memory). However, the same treatment did not affect the altered motor activity or anxiety-like behavior induced by scopolamine. Consistently, electrophysiological analysis showed LTP recovery in the DG of the hippocampus, while the Ach level and ChoA-T were normalized. This study confirms the neuroprotective and pro-cognitive activity of PEA-OXA (probably through an increase in the extracellular levels of biogenic amines) in improving transient memory disorders for which the available pharmacological tools are obsolete or inadequate and not directed on specific pathophysiological targets.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Super-ponderomotive electron acceleration in blowout plasma heated by multi-picosecond relativistic intensity laser pulse
- Author
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Kojima, Sadaoki, Hata, Masayasu, Iwata, Natsumi, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Morace, Alessio, Sakata, Shouhei, Lee, Seungho, Matsuo, Kazuki, Law, King Fai Farley, Morita, Hiroki, Ochiai, Yugo, Yogo, Akifumi, Nagatomo, Hideo, Ozaki, Tetsuo, Johzaki, Tomoyuki, Sunahara, Atsushi, Sakagami, Hitoshi, Zhang, Zhe, Tosaki, Shota, Abe, Yuki, Kawanaka, Junji, Tokita, Shigeki, Nakai, Mitsuo, Nishimura, Hiroaki, Shiraga, Hiroyuki, Azechi, Hiroshi, Sentoku, Yasuhiko, and Fujioka, Shinsuke
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The dependence of the mean kinetic energy of laser-accelerated electrons on the laser intensity, so-called ponderomotive scaling, was derived theoretically with consideration of the motion of a single electron in oscillating laser fields. This scaling explains well the experimental results obtained with high-intensity pulses and durations shorter than a picosecond; however, this scaling is no longer applicable to the multi-picosecond (multi-ps) facility experiments. Here, we experimentally clarified the generation of the super-ponderomotive-relativistic electrons (SP-REs) through multi-ps relativistic laser-plasma interactions using prepulse-free LFEX laser pulses that were realized using a plasma mirror (PM). The SP-REs are produced with direct laser acceleration assisted by the self-generated quasi-static electric field and with loop-injected direct acceleration by the self- generated quasi-static magnetic field, which grow in a blowout plasma heated by a multi-ps laser pulse. Finally, we theoretically derive the threshold pulse duration to boost the acceleration of REs, which provides an important insight into the determination of laser pulse duration at kilojoule- petawatt laser facilities.
- Published
- 2018
35. Whispering gallery effect in relativistic optics
- Author
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Abe, Y., Law, K. -F. -F., Korneev, Ph., Fujioka, S., Kojima, S., Lee, S. -H., Sakata, S., Matsuo, K., Oshima, A., Morace, A., Arikawa, Y., Yogo, A., Nakai, M., Norimatsu, T., d'Humiéres, E., Santos, J. J., Kondo, K., Sunahara, A., Gus'kov, S., and Tikhonchuk, V.
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
A relativistic laser pulse, confined in a cylindrical target, performs multiple scattering along the target surface. The confinement property of the target results in a very effcient interaction. This proccess, which is just yet another example of the "whispering gallery" effect, may pronounce itself in plenty of physical phenomena, including surface grazing electron acceleration and generation of relativistic magnetized plasma structures.
- Published
- 2018
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36. Laser-driven strong magnetostatic fields with applications to charged beam transport and magnetized high energy-density physics
- Author
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Santos, J. J., Bailly-Grandvaux, M., Ehret, M., Arefiev, A. V., Batani, D., Beg, F. N., Calisti, A., Ferri, S., Florido, R., Forestier-Colleoni, P., Fujioka, S., Gigosos, M. A., Giuffrida, L., Gremillet, L., Honrubia, . J., Kojima, S., Korneev, Ph., Law, K. F. F., Marquès, J. -R., Morace, A., Mossé, C., Peyrusse, O., Rose, S., Roth, M., Sakata, S., Schaumann, G., Suzuki-Vidal, F., Tikhonchuk, V. T., Toncian, T., Woolsey, N., and Zhang, Z.
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Powerful laser-plasma processes are explored to generate discharge currents of a few $100\,$kA in coil targets, yielding magnetostatic fields (B-fields) in excess of $0.5\,$kT. The quasi-static currents are provided from hot electron ejection from the laser-irradiated surface. According to our model, describing qualitatively the evolution of the discharge current, the major control parameter is the laser irradiance $I_{\mathrm{las}}\lambda_{\mathrm{las}}^2$. The space-time evolution of the B-fields is experimentally characterized by high-frequency bandwidth B-dot probes and by proton-deflectometry measurements. The magnetic pulses, of ns-scale, are long enough to magnetize secondary targets through resistive diffusion. We applied it in experiments of laser-generated relativistic electron transport into solid dielectric targets, yielding an unprecedented 5-fold enhancement of the energy-density flux at $60 \,\mathrm{\mu m}$ depth, compared to unmagnetized transport conditions. These studies pave the ground for magnetized high-energy density physics investigations, related to laser-generated secondary sources of radiation and/or high-energy particles and their transport, to high-gain fusion energy schemes and to laboratory astrophysics., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, invited APS
- Published
- 2017
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37. Magnetized Fast Isochoric Laser Heating for Efficient Creation of Ultra-High-Energy-Density States
- Author
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Sakata, Shohei, Lee, Seungho, Johzaki, Tomoyuki, Sawada, Hiroshi, Iwasa, Yuki, Morita, Hiroki, Matsuo, Kazuki, Law, King Fai Farley, Yao, Akira, Hata, Masayasu, Sunahara, Atsushi, Kojima, Sadaoki, Abe, Yuki, Kishimoto, Hidetaka, Syuhada, Aneez, Shiroto, Takashi, Morace, Alessio, Yogo, Akifumi, Iwata, Natsumi, Nakai, Mitsuo, Sakagami, Hitoshi, Ozaki, Tetsuo, Yamanoi, Kohei, Norimatsu, Takayoshi, Nakata, Yoshiki, Tokita, Shigeki, Miyanaga, Noriaki, Kawanaka, Junji, Shiraga, Hiroyuki, Mima, Kunioki, Nishimura, Hiroaki, Bailly-Grandvaux, Mathieu, Santos, Joao Jorge, Nagatomo, Hideo, Azechi, Hiroshi, Kodama, Ryosuke, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Sentoku, Yasuhiko, and Fujioka, Shinsuke
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The quest for the inertial confinement fusion (ICF) ignition is a grand challenge, as exemplified by extraordinary large laser facilities. Fast isochoric heating of a pre-compressed plasma core with a high-intensity short-pulse laser is an attractive and alternative approach to create ultra-high-energy-density states like those found in ICF ignition sparks. This avoids the ignition quench caused by the hot spark mixing with the surrounding cold fuel, which is the crucial problem of the currently pursued ignition scheme. High-intensity lasers efficiently produce relativistic electron beams (REB). A part of the REB kinetic energy is deposited in the core, and then the heated region becomes the hot spark to trigger the ignition. However, only a small portion of the REB collides with the core because of its large divergence. Here we have demonstrated enhanced laser-to-core energy coupling with the magnetized fast isochoric heating. The method employs a kilo-tesla-level magnetic field that is applied to the transport region from the REB generation point to the core which results in guiding the REB along the magnetic field lines to the core. 7.7 $\pm$ 1.3 % of the maximum coupling was achieved even with a relatively small radial area density core ($\rho R$ $\sim$ 0.1 g/cm$^2$). The guided REB transport was clearly visualized in a pre-compressed core by using Cu-$K_\alpha$ imaging technique. A simplified model coupled with the comprehensive diagnostics yields 6.2\% of the coupling that agrees fairly with the measured coupling. This model also reveals that an ignition-scale areal density core ($\rho R$ $\sim$ 0.4 g/cm$^2$) leads to much higher laser-to-core coupling ($>$ 15%), this is much higher than that achieved by the current scheme.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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38. Laser electron acceleration on curved surfaces
- Author
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Korneev, Ph., Abe, Y., Law, K. -F. -F., Bochkarev, S. G., Fujioka, S., Kojima, S., Lee, S. -H., Sakata, S., Matsuo, K., Oshima, A., Morace, A., Arikawa, Y., Yogo, A., Nakai, M., Norimatsu, T., d'Humiéres, E., Santos, J. J., Kondo, K., Sunahara, A., Bychenkov, V. Yu., Gus'kov, S., and Tikhonchuk, V.
- Subjects
Physics - Plasma Physics ,Physics - Accelerator Physics - Abstract
Electron acceleration by relativistically intense laser beam propagating along a curved surface allows to split softly the accelerated electron bunch and the laser beam. The presence of a curved surface allows to switch an adiabatic invariant of electrons in the wave instantly leaving the gained energy to the particles. The efficient acceleration is provided by the presence of strong transient quasistationary fields in the interaction region and a long efficient acceleration length. The curvature of the surface allows to select the accelerated particles and provides their narrow angular distribution. The mechanism at work is explicitly demonstrated in theoretical models and experiments.
- Published
- 2017
39. Super-strong magnetic field-dominated ion beam dynamics in focusing plasma devices
- Author
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A. Morace, Y. Abe, J. J. Honrubia, N. Iwata, Y. Arikawa, Y. Nakata, T. Johzaki, A. Yogo, Y. Sentoku, K. Mima, T. Ma, D. Mariscal, H. Sakagami, T. Norimatsu, K. Tsubakimoto, J. Kawanaka, S. Tokita, N. Miyanaga, H. Shiraga, Y. Sakawa, M. Nakai, H. Azechi, S. Fujioka, and R. Kodama
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract High energy density physics is the field of physics dedicated to the study of matter and plasmas in extreme conditions of temperature, densities and pressures. It encompasses multiple disciplines such as material science, planetary science, laboratory and astrophysical plasma science. For the latter, high energy density states can be accompanied by extreme radiation environments and super-strong magnetic fields. The creation of high energy density states in the laboratory consists in concentrating/depositing large amounts of energy in a reduced mass, typically solid material sample or dense plasma, over a time shorter than the typical timescales of heat conduction and hydrodynamic expansion. Laser-generated, high current–density ion beams constitute an important tool for the creation of high energy density states in the laboratory. Focusing plasma devices, such as cone-targets are necessary in order to focus and direct these intense beams towards the heating sample or dense plasma, while protecting the proton generation foil from the harsh environments typical of an integrated high-power laser experiment. A full understanding of the ion beam dynamics in focusing devices is therefore necessary in order to properly design and interpret the numerous experiments in the field. In this work, we report a detailed investigation of large-scale, kilojoule-class laser-generated ion beam dynamics in focusing devices and we demonstrate that high-brilliance ion beams compress magnetic fields to amplitudes exceeding tens of kilo-Tesla, which in turn play a dominant role in the focusing process, resulting either in a worsening or enhancement of focusing capabilities depending on the target geometry.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Learning a perceptual manifold with deep features for animation video resequencing.
- Author
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Charles C. Morace, Thi Ngoc Hanh Le, Sheng-Yi Yao, Shang-Wei Zhang, and Tong-Yee Lee
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Robustness of large-area suspended graphene under interaction with intense laser
- Author
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Y. Kuramitsu, T. Minami, T. Hihara, K. Sakai, T. Nishimoto, S. Isayama, Y. T. Liao, K. T. Wu, W. Y. Woon, S. H. Chen, Y. L. Liu, S. M. He, C. Y. Su, M. Ota, S. Egashira, A. Morace, Y. Sakawa, Y. Abe, H. Habara, R. Kodama, L. N. K. Döhl, N. Woolsey, M. Koenig, H. S. Kumar, N. Ohnishi, M. Kanasaki, T. Asai, T. Yamauchi, K. Oda, Ko. Kondo, H. Kiriyama, and Y. Fukuda
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Graphene is known as an atomically thin, transparent, highly electrically and thermally conductive, light-weight, and the strongest 2D material. We investigate disruptive application of graphene as a target of laser-driven ion acceleration. We develop large-area suspended graphene (LSG) and by transferring graphene layer by layer we control the thickness with precision down to a single atomic layer. Direct irradiations of the LSG targets generate MeV protons and carbons from sub-relativistic to relativistic laser intensities from low contrast to high contrast conditions without plasma mirror, evidently showing the durability of graphene.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viral infections in hospitalized patients with increased liver enzyme levels and with no known history of hepatic disease
- Author
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Cacciola, Irene, Pitrone, Concetta, Franzè, Maria Stella, Mazzeo, Carmelo, Muscianisi, Marco, Porcari, Serena, Pintabona, Giusy, Morace, Carmela, Basile, Giorgio, Cucinotta, Eugenio, Pollicino, Teresa, and Raimondo, Giovanni
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Hidden intra-meatal CSF fistula related to VP shunt as a cause for fatal tension pneumocephalus after vestibular schwannoma resection.
- Author
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di Russo, Paolo, Morace, Roberta, Vangelista, Tommaso, Gorgoglione, Nicola, De Angelis, Michelangelo, and Esposito, Vincenzo
- Subjects
- *
CEREBROSPINAL fluid shunts , *ACOUSTIC neuroma , *PNEUMOCEPHALUS , *FISTULA , *CEREBROSPINAL fluid , *COMPUTED tomography - Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak through petrosal air cells is a known complication after drilling the posterior wall of the internal acoustic canal (IAC) for resection of vestibular schwannoma (VS). Whereas mild pneumocephalus is common after retrosigmoid craniotomy, tension pneumocephalus has been rarely documented. To testify a case of fatal tension pneumocephalus after VS resection in a patient with ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt and to propose possible recommendations to limit the risk of this dramatic complication. A case of fatal tension pneumocephalus after VS resection in presence of hidden CSF fistula is illustrated with pre- and post-operative images. In the uneventful situation of concomitant post-operative CSF fistula in presence of VP shunt, tension pneumocephalus may occur. The negative pressure created by the shunt system and the presence of osteo-dural defect allow the air to enter and, at the same time, prevent the outflow. After VS resection, tension pneumocephalus can occur as a consequence of CSF fistula from petrosal air cells in the presence of functioning VP shunt. Precautions as pre-operative increase to 'virtual-off' the pressure of the valve, subsequences CT scans after surgery and sealing of the petrous air cells are recommended to avoid such as fatal complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. The anterior sylvian point as a reliable landmark for the anterior temporal lobectomy in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: technical note, case series, and cadaveric dissection.
- Author
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Fava, Arianna, Lisi, Serena Vittoria, Mauro, Luigi, Morace, Roberta, Ciavarro, Marco, Gorgoglione, Nicola, Petrella, Giandomenico, Quarato, Pier Paolo, Di Gennaro, Giancarlo, di Russo, Paolo, and Esposito, Vincenzo
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Single-shot laser-driven neutron resonance spectroscopy for temperature profiling.
- Author
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Lan, Zechen, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Mirfayzi, Seyed Reza, Morace, Alessio, Hayakawa, Takehito, Sato, Hirotaka, Kamiyama, Takashi, Wei, Tianyun, Tatsumi, Yuta, Koizumi, Mitsuo, Abe, Yuki, Fujioka, Shinsuke, Mima, Kunioki, Kodama, Ryosuke, and Yogo, Akifumi
- Subjects
NEUTRON resonance ,NEUTRON spectroscopy ,DOPPLER broadening ,NEUTRON capture ,DOPPLER effect ,LASER pulses ,SPECTRAL line broadening ,NEUTRON radiography - Abstract
The temperature measurement of material inside of an object is one of the key technologies for control of dynamical processes. For this purpose, various techniques such as laser-based thermography and phase-contrast imaging thermography have been studied. However, it is, in principle, impossible to measure the temperature of an element inside of an object using these techniques. One of the possible solutions is measurements of Doppler brooding effect in neutron resonance absorption (NRA). Here we present a method to measure the temperature of an element or an isotope inside of an object using NRA with a single neutron pulse of approximately 100 ns width provided from a high-power laser. We demonstrate temperature measurements of a tantalum (Ta) metallic foil heated from the room temperature up to 617 K. Although the neutron energy resolution is fluctuated from shot to shot, we obtain the temperature dependence of resonance Doppler broadening using a reference of a silver (Ag) foil kept to the room temperature. A free gas model well reproduces the results. This method enables element(isotope)-sensitive thermometry to detect the instantaneous temperature rise in dynamical processes. Non-contact thermometry is one of the key technologies for modern science and industry. Here, authors demonstrated measurement of temperature of an element using neutron resonance spectroscopy with Doppler broadening with single intense short neutron pulse provided from high peak power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Realizing laser-driven deuteron acceleration with low energy spread via in situ D2O-deposited target.
- Author
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Wei, Tianyun, Arikawa, Yasunobu, Mirfayzi, Seyed Reza, Gu, Yanjun, Hayakawa, Takehito, Morace, Alessio, Mima, Kunioki, Lan, Zechen, Yamada, Ryuya, Yamanoi, Kohei, Honda, Koichi, Bulanov, Sergei V., and Yogo, Akifumi
- Abstract
Generation of quasi-monoenergetic ion pulse by laser-driven acceleration is one of the hot topics in laser plasma physics. In this study, we present a new method for the in situ deposition of an ultra-thin D
2 O layer on the surface of an aluminum foil target utilizing a spherical D2 O capsule. Employing a 1019 W/cm2 laser, we achieve the acceleration of 10.8 MeV deuterons with an energy spread of ΔE/E = 4.6% in the most favorable shot. The energy spread depends on the exposure time of the D2 O capsule in the vacuum chamber. This method has the potential to extend its applicability to other ion species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Quality of Life (QoL) in Patients with Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: How Much Better with Biological Drugs?
- Author
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Federica Bellone, Carmela Morace, Giulia Impalà, Anna Viola, Alberto Lo Gullo, Maria Cinquegrani, Walter Fries, Alberto Sardella, Mariangela Scolaro, Giorgio Basile, Giovanni Squadrito, and Giuseppe Mandraffino
- Subjects
quality of life ,inflammatory bowel disease ,Crohn’s disease ,ulcerative colitis ,biologic drugs ,infliximab ,Medicine - Abstract
Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), are chronic and disabling diseases that affect patient health-related quality of life (HRQoL). IBD patients are frequently exposed to high levels of stress and psychological distress. Biological drugs have been proven to reduce inflammation, hospitalization, and most of the complications that characterize IBDs; their potential contribution to patients’ HRQoL remains to be explored. Aim: To evaluate and compare any change in the HRQoL and markers of inflammation in IBD patients undergoing biological drugs (infliximab or vedolizumab). Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of IBD patients, aged >18 years, who were prescribed with infliximab or vedolizumab. Demographic and disease-related data at baseline were collected. Standard hematological and clinical biochemistry parameters, including C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells count (WBC), erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), and α1 and α2 globulins were measured after a 12-h fast at baseline (T0), after 6 weeks (T1), and at 14 weeks (T2) of biological treatment. Steroid use, disease activity as measured by the Harvey–Bradshaw index (HBI) and partial Mayo score (pMS) for the CD and UC, respectively, were also recorded at each timepoint. The Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT-F), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment–General Health Questionnaire (WPAI:GH) were administered to each patient at baseline, T1, and T2 to address the study aims. Results: Fifty eligible consecutive patients (52% with CD and 48% with UC) were included in the study. Twenty-two patients received infliximab and twenty-eight received vedolizumab. We noted a significant reduction in the CRP, WBC, α1, and α2 globulins from T0 to T2 (p = 0.046, p = 0.002, p = 0.008, and p = 0.002, respectively). Participants showed a significant decrease in steroid administration during the observation period. A significant reduction in the HBI of CD patients at all three timepoints and a similarly significant decrease in the pMS of UC patients from baseline to T1 were recorded. Statistically significant changes were observed in all questionnaires during follow-up as well as an overall improvement in the HRQoL. The interdependence analysis carried out between the biomarkers and the scores of the individual subscales showed a significant correlation between the variation (Δ) of the CRP, Hb, MCH, and MCV with physical and emotional dimensions of the SF-36 and FACIT-F tools; work productivity loss expressed by some of the WPAI:GH items negatively correlated with the ΔWBC and positively with the ΔMCV, ΔMCH, and Δ α1 globulins. A sub-analysis according to the type of treatment showed that patients receiving infliximab experienced a more pronounced improvement in their HRQoL (according to both SF-36 and FACIT-F) compared with patients receiving vedolizumab. Conclusions: Both infliximab and vedolizumab played an important role in contributing to the improvement of the HRQoL in IBD patients by also reducing inflammation and, consequently, steroid use in patients with an active disease. HRQoL, being one of the treatment goals, should also be assessed when taking charge of IBD patients to assess their clinical response and remission. The specific correlation between the biomarkers of inflammation and life’s spheres, as well as their possible role as clinical markers of HRQoL, should be further investigated.
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- 2023
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48. Development of a Time-Gated Epithermal Neutron Spectrometer for Resonance Absorption Measurements Driven by a High-Intensity Laser
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Lan, Zechen, primary, Arikawa, Yasunobu, additional, Abe, Yuki, additional, Mirfayzi, Seyed Reza, additional, Morace, Alessio, additional, Hayakawa, Takehito, additional, Wei, Tianyun, additional, and Yogo, Akifumi, additional
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- 2024
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49. Bilateral epileptogenesis in temporal lobe epilepsy due to unilateral hippocampal sclerosis: A case series
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Mascia, Addolorata, Casciato, Sara, De Risi, Marco, Quarato, Pier Paolo, Morace, Roberta, D’Aniello, Alfredo, Grammaldo, Liliana G., Pavone, Luigi, Picardi, Angelo, Esposito, Vincenzo, and Di Gennaro, Giancarlo
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- 2021
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50. Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Gonadotroph Pituitary Tumors According to the WHO Classification
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Carbonara, Francesca, primary, Feola, Tiziana, additional, Gianno, Francesca, additional, Polidoro, Michela Anna, additional, Di Crescenzo, Rosa Maria, additional, Arcella, Antonietta, additional, De Angelis, Michelangelo, additional, Morace, Roberta, additional, de Alcubierre, Dario, additional, Esposito, Vincenzo, additional, Giangaspero, Felice, additional, and Jaffrain-Rea, Marie-Lise, additional
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- 2023
- Full Text
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