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4. Cause-specific student absenteeism monitoring in K-12 schools for detection of increased influenza activity in the surrounding community—Dane County, Wisconsin, 2014–2020

Author

Temte, Jonathan L., primary, Barlow, Shari, additional, Goss, Maureen, additional, Temte, Emily, additional, Schemmel, Amber, additional, Bell, Cristalyne, additional, Reisdorf, Erik, additional, Shult, Peter, additional, Wedig, Mary, additional, Haupt, Thomas, additional, Conway, James H., additional, Gangnon, Ronald, additional, and Uzicanin, Amra, additional

Published
2022
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5. The Oregon Child Absenteeism Due to Respiratory Disease Study (ORCHARDS): Rationale, objectives, and design

Author

Temte, Jonathan L., primary, Barlow, Shari, additional, Goss, Maureen, additional, Temte, Emily, additional, Bell, Cristalyne, additional, He, Cecilia, additional, Hamer, Caroline, additional, Schemmel, Amber, additional, Maerz, Bradley, additional, Comp, Lily, additional, Arnold, Mitchell, additional, Breunig, Kimberly, additional, Clifford, Sarah, additional, Reisdorf, Erik, additional, Shult, Peter, additional, Wedig, Mary, additional, Haupt, Thomas, additional, Conway, James, additional, Gangnon, Ronald, additional, Fowlkes, Ashley, additional, and Uzicanin, Amra, additional

Published
2021
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6. The Oregon Child Absenteeism Due to Respiratory Disease Study (ORCHARDS): Rationale, objectives, and design.

Author

Temte, Jonathan L., Barlow, Shari, Goss, Maureen, Temte, Emily, Bell, Cristalyne, He, Cecilia, Hamer, Caroline, Schemmel, Amber, Maerz, Bradley, Comp, Lily, Arnold, Mitchell, Breunig, Kimberly, Clifford, Sarah, Reisdorf, Erik, Shult, Peter, Wedig, Mary, Haupt, Thomas, Conway, James, Gangnon, Ronald, and Fowlkes, Ashley

Subjects
INFLUENZA, PANDEMICS, RESPIRATORY diseases, SEASONAL influenza, RESPIRATORY infections in children, SCHOOL absenteeism, ORCHARDS
Abstract

Background: Influenza viruses pose significant disease burdens through seasonal outbreaks and unpredictable pandemics. Existing surveillance programs rely heavily on reporting of medically attended influenza (MAI). Continuously monitoring cause‐specific school absenteeism may identify local acceleration of seasonal influenza activity. The Oregon Child Absenteeism Due to Respiratory Disease Study (ORCHARDS; Oregon, WI) implements daily school‐based monitoring of influenza‐like illness‐specific student absenteeism (a‐ILI) in kindergarten through Grade 12 schools and assesses this approach for early detection of accelerated influenza and other respiratory pathogen transmission in schools and surrounding communities. Methods: Starting in September 2014, ORCHARDS combines automated reporting of daily absenteeism within six schools and home visits to school children with acute respiratory infection (ARI). Demographic, epidemiological, and symptom data are collected along with respiratory specimens. Specimens are tested for influenza and other respiratory viruses. Household members can opt into a supplementary household transmission study. Community comparisons are possible using a pre‐existing and highly effective influenza surveillance program, based on MAI at five family medicine clinics in the same geographical area. Results: Over the first 5 years, a‐ILI occurred on 6634 (0.20%) of 3,260,461 student school days. Viral pathogens were detected in 64.5% of 1728 children with ARI who received a home visit. Influenza was the most commonly detected virus, noted in 23.3% of ill students. Conclusion: ORCHARDS uses a community‐based design to detect influenza trends over multiple seasons and to evaluate the utility of absenteeism for early detection of accelerated influenza and other respiratory pathogen transmission in schools and surrounding communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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7. Detection and Characterization of Swine Origin Influenza A(H1N1) Pandemic 2009 Viruses in Humans following Zoonotic Transmission

Author

Cook, Peter W., primary, Stark, Thomas, additional, Jones, Joyce, additional, Kondor, Rebecca, additional, Zanders, Natosha, additional, Benfer, Jeffrey, additional, Scott, Samantha, additional, Jang, Yunho, additional, Janas-Martindale, Alicia, additional, Lindstrom, Stephen, additional, Blanton, Lenee, additional, Schiltz, John, additional, Tell, Rachel, additional, Griesser, Richard, additional, Shult, Peter, additional, Reisdorf, Erik, additional, Danz, Tonya, additional, Fry, Alicia, additional, Barnes, John, additional, Vincent, Amy, additional, Wentworth, David E., additional, and Davis, C. Todd, additional

Published
2020
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9. Comparison of participant-collected nasal and staff-collected oropharyngeal specimens for human ribonuclease P detection with RT-PCR during a community-based study

Author

Arnold, Mitchell T., primary, Temte, Jonathan L., additional, Barlow, Shari K., additional, Bell, Cristalyne J., additional, Goss, Maureen D., additional, Temte, Emily G., additional, Checovich, Mary M., additional, Reisdorf, Erik, additional, Scott, Samantha, additional, Guenther, Kyley, additional, Wedig, Mary, additional, Shult, Peter, additional, and Uzicanin, Amra, additional

Published
2020
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12. 686. Use of an Influenza-Like Illness School Absenteeism Monitoring System to Identify Seasonal Influenza Outbreaks in the Community: ORCHARDS (Wisconsin, September 2014–June 2017)

Author

Temte, Jonathan, primary, Zheteyeva, Yenlik, additional, Barlow, Shari, additional, Goss, Maureen, additional, Temte, Emily, additional, Schemmel, Amber, additional, Maerz, Brad, additional, Bell, Cristalyne, additional, Reisdorf, Erik, additional, Shult, Peter, additional, Wedig, Mary, additional, Haupt, Thomas, additional, Conway, James, additional, Gangnon, Ronald, additional, Fowlkes, Ashley, additional, and Uzicanin, Amra, additional

Published
2018
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15. Strengthening Public Health in Wisconsin Through the Wisconsin Clinical Laboratory Network

Author

Ned-Sykes, Renee M., Pentella, Michael A., Salerno, Reynolds M., St. George, Kirsten, Bateman, Allen C., Bowles, Erin J., Munson, Erik, Podzorski, Raymond P., Beck, Eric T., Dern, Richard, Sterkel, Alana K., Warshauer, David M., and Shult, Peter A.

Abstract

The Wisconsin Clinical Laboratory Network (WCLN) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison is a partnership of 138 clinical and public health laboratories (as of February 2019) coordinated by the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. This article describes the WCLN, its current activities, and lessons learned through this partnership. A laboratory technical advisory group, which consists of representatives from clinical laboratories, provides clinical laboratory perspective to the WCLN and fosters communication among laboratories. Activities and resources available through the WCLN include annual regional meetings, annual technical workshops, webinars, an email listserv, laboratory informational messages, in-person visits by a WCLN coordinator to clinical laboratories, and laboratory-based surveillance data and summaries distributed by the Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene. One challenge to maintaining the WCLN is securing continual funding for network activities. Key lessons learned from this partnership of more than 20 years include the importance of in-person meetings, the clinical perspective of the laboratory technical advisory group, and providing activities and resources to clinical laboratories to foster sharing of data and clinical specimens for public health surveillance and outbreak response.

Published
2019
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17. Detection and Characterization of Swine Origin Influenza A(H1N1) Pandemic 2009 Viruses in Humans following Zoonotic Transmission.

Author

Cook, Peter W., Stark, Thomas, Jones, Joyce, Kondor, Rebecca, Zanders, Natosha, Benfer, Jeffrey, Scott, Samantha, Yunho Jang, Janas-Martindale, Alicia, Lindstrom, Stephen, Blanton, Lenee, Schiltz, John, Tell, Rachel, Griesser, Richard, Shult, Peter, Reisdorf, Erik, Danz, Tonya, Fry, Alicia, Barnes, John, and Vincent, Amy

Subjects
*H1N1 influenza, *SWINE influenza, *PANDEMICS, *RANDOM forest algorithms, *INFLUENZA viruses, *SEASONAL influenza
Abstract

Human-to-swine transmission of seasonal influenza viruses has led to sustained human-like influenza viruses circulating in the U.S. swine population. While some reverse zoonotic-origin viruses adapt and become enzootic in swine, nascent reverse zoonoses may result in virus detections that are difficult to classify as "swine-origin" or "human-origin" due to the genetic similarity of circulating viruses. This is the case for human-origin influenza A(H1N1) pandemic 2009 (pdm09) viruses detected in pigs following numerous reverse zoonosis events since the 2009 pandemic. We report the identification of two human infections with A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses originating from swine hosts and classify them as "swine-origin" variant influenza viruses based on phylogenetic analysis and sequence comparison methods. Phylogenetic analyses of viral genomes from two cases revealed these viruses were reassortants containing A(H1N1)pdm09 hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes with genetic combinations derived from the triple reassortant internal gene cassette. Follow-up investigations determined that one individual had direct exposure to swine in the week preceding illness onset, while another did not report swine exposure. The swine-origin A(H1N1) variant cases were resolved by full genome sequence comparison of the variant viruses to swine influenza genomes. However, if reassortment does not result in the acquisition of swine-associated genes and swine virus genomic sequences are not available from the exposure source, future cases may not be discernible. We have developed a pipeline that performs maximum likelihood analyses, a k-mer-based set difference algorithm, and random forest algorithms to identify swine-associated sequences in the hemagglutinin gene to differentiate between human-origin and swine-origin A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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