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In this paper we address the problem of off-grid direction of arrival (DOA) estimation based on sparse representations in the situation of multiple measurement vectors (MMV). A novel sparse DOA estimation method which changes MMV problem to SMV is proposed. This method uses sparse representations based on weighted eigenvectors (SRBWEV) to deal with the MMV problem. MMV problem can be changed to single measurement vector (SMV) problem by using the linear combination of eigenvectors of array covariance matrix in signal subspace as a new SMV for sparse solution calculation. So the complexity of this proposed algorithm is smaller than other DOA estimation algorithms of MMV. Meanwhile, it can overcome the limitation of the conventional sparsity-based DOA estimation approaches that the unknown directions belong to a predefined discrete angular grid, so it can further improve the DOA estimation accuracy. The modified Rife algorithm for DOA estimation (MRife-DOA) is simulated based on SRBWEV algorithm. In this proposed algorithm, the largest and sub-largest inner products between the measurement vector or its residual and the atoms in the dictionary are utilized to further modify DOA estimation according to the principle of Rife algorithm and the basic idea of coarse-to-fine estimation. Finally, simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm is effective and can reduce the DOA estimation error caused by grid effect with lower complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covariance-based DoA estimation (CB-DoA) algorithms represent lower computational complexity alternatives to the traditional ESPRIT approach. This paper investigates CB-DoA using Krylov-subspace techniques (including Arnoldi's and Lanczos' updates) with respect to the resulting computational cost and estimation error performance. The proposed modifications also allow an automatic estimation of the number of sources. Computational analyses performed for the resulting CB-DoA algorithm indicate cost savings above $$60\,\%$$ in comparison with the standard CB-DoA implementation, which already represents a $$20\,\%$$ improvement upon its ESPRIT counterpart, at an equivalent mean squared error level, as verified in numerical simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]