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Background: Kimura disease (KD) presents a diagnostic challenge to clinicians because of its rarity and atypical symptoms in its early stages, and it is difficult to treat and prone to recurrence or involvement of other organs. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to investigate the possible relevance of renal involvement and recurrence by analysing the clinical presentations, laboratory results, histopathological features, therapeutic data and follow-up results of KD. Materials and Methods: A total of 27 patients diagnosed as KD in two hospitals from January 1999 to December 2021 were analysed retrospectively in this study based on the diagnosis of histopathology. Results: KD mainly affected male more than female (8:1) with the onset age ranging from 3 to 58 years (median 29.8 years). The common initial symptoms included subcutaneous soft tissue or lymph node enlargement, non-specific skin lesions and proteinuria. One patient presented cough and expectoration as the first symptoms. KD patients often had high levels of serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and basophils, which exhibited a significantly positive correlation with renal involvement and recurrence (p < 0.05). Early mass resection could prevent the development of nephritis and decrease the risk of relapse (p < 0.05). Conclusion: KD should be noted in patients presenting with intractable and relapsing atopic skin lesions and (or) subcutaneous mass. Patients with high levels of serum IgE and blood basophils may be prone to developing KD-associated nephritis and predict a high risk of recurrence. Early surgical removal of the mass may result in a better prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION Influenza vaccination (INV) and smoking cessation (SC) have individual positive effects on COPD, but their synergistic impact has yet to be extensively studied. This retrospective study aimed to assess the combined effect of SC and IV on the medical burden of COPD, including medical visits, hospitalization, medical expenses, and the occurrence of respiratory failure. METHODS Patients with COPD who visited our medical center between January and October 2018 were included in the study. The patients were categorized into four groups: Group I (no SC or INV), Group II (INV only), Group III (SC only), and Group IV (both SC and INV). The outcomes analyzed were emergency utilization, hospital utilization, and occurrence of respiratory failure. Airflow limitation was stratified according to GOLD guidelines, and successful smoking cessation was defined as not smoking for at least one year. RESULTS A total of 357 patients were included in the study. Group I (119 patients) neither smoking cessation nor influenza vaccination; Group II (66 patients) had only influenza vaccination; Group III (94 patients), had only smoking cessation, Group IV (78 patients), with both smoking cessation and influenza vaccination. Group IV had lower odds of emergency utilization (OR=0.13; 95% CI: 0.07--0.25), hospital utilization (OR=0.13; 95% CI: 0.05--0.30, p<0.001), and occurrence of respiratory failure (OR=0.13; 95% CI: 0.04--0.40, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Combined smoking cessation and influenza vaccination are more effective in reducing the medical burden of COPD compared to either intervention alone or neither. These findings highlight the importance of promoting both smoking cessation and influenza vaccination in the management of COPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]