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This paper attempts to answer whether the property of "efficacy" can be attributed to constitutive rules. In particular, according to Di Lucia, I will point out some problems that the "semantic conception of efficacy" has concerning constitutive and regulative rules. Then, the main goal of the paper will be to reflect on the possibility of the efficacy of constitutive rules by means of a complex case that the semantic conception seems to disregard: The case of the cheater. Does the action of the cheater show the inefficacy of constitutive rules? Does she play the game while breaking the rule? Can the semantic conception of efficacy explain this situation, or do we need a more flexible concept of efficacy that takes nomotropism into account? These are some of the questions I will try to answer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to conceptualize cognitive liberty and the psychedelic humanities by examining their constitutive elements. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it is widespread to talk about psychedelic science nowadays, but there is a significant gap in the research. For instance, the role and importance of the humanities need to be acknowledged. Regarding cognitive liberty, this research considers that people have the right to use or refrain from using emerging neurotechnologies and psychedelics. People’s freedom of choice vis-à-vis these technologies must be protected, in particular with regard to coercive and non-consensual uses. Firstly, an analysis will be carried out of the constitutive elements of cognitive liberty, especially within the context of a philosophical approach. Secondly, this research will address some arguments for the philosophical uses of psychedelics. Finally, this paper will discuss the scope and significance of psychedelic humanities as a vein of research. Cognitive liberty is a crucial concept for the psychedelic humanities, likely to broaden our understanding of consciousness studies and reflect on ethical and social issues related to scientific research. Cognitive liberty is an update of freedom of thought according to the challenges of the 21st century. In addition, this paper will highlight the possible philosophical uses of psychedelic substances to broaden the research scope since, at present, the ritual and therapeutic uses of psychedelics have the most significant legitimacy. Recognition of philosophical uses demonstrates that learning from non-clinical uses of psychedelics is possible. The psychedelic humanities represent an underexplored avenue of research that can contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between science and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This paper is the first in a series that explores the historical events surrounding the Wilk v American Medical Association (AMA) lawsuit in which the plaintiffs argued that the AMA, the American Hospital Association, and other medical specialty societies violated antitrust law by restraining chiropractors' business practices. The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief review of the history of the AMA and the origins of chiropractic and to explore how the AMA began its monopoly of health care in the United States, possible reasons that organized medicine acted against chiropractic, and how these events influenced the chiropractic profession. This historical research study used a phenomenological approach to qualitative inquiry into the conflict between regular medicine and chiropractic and the events before, during, and after a legal dispute at the time of modernization of the chiropractic profession. We used primary and secondary data sources. The final narrative recount was developed into 8 papers that follow a successive time line. This paper is the first of the series and explores the origins of the aversion of organized American medicine to other health professions and the origins of the chiropractic profession. The AMA began in the mid-1800s to unify like-minded "regular" medical physicians who developed a code of ethics and promoted higher educational standards. Their efforts to unify had excluded other types of health care providers, which they called "irregular" practitioners. However, Americans were seeking more natural alternatives to the harsh methods that regular medical physicians offered at that time. Nearly 50 years after the AMA began, the chiropractic profession attempted to emerge during a time when many patients valued vitalism and their freedom to choose what health care provider they would access. During the years that chiropractic developed as a healing profession, organized medicine was already well established and developing a monopoly in American health care. These events created the foundation on which the tensions between these professions were built and ultimately resulted in the Wilk v AMA lawsuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper develops an interpretation about the systematic role of the logical movement in Hegel's later philosophy, as well as offers a historical-genetic hypothesis for understanding the development of the unification of logic and metaphysics first applied, in a consolidated way, in the Phenomenology of Spirit. More specifically, we draw from the differentiation between Logic (die Logik) and the logical (das logische) the resource for explaining Hegel's metacategorial notion of his method of autonomous negation, extended both to logic, philosophy of nature and philosophy of spirit as diverse disciplines. Henceforth, we show how the metacategorial understanding of negation has its emergence from the systematic adjustments that Hegel makes while still in Jena and how the successful application of this method operated as a point of resolution of his philosophical impasses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While several articles on MD-PhD trainees in the basic sciences have been published in the past several years, very little research exists on physician-investigators in the social sciences and humanities. However, the numbers of MD-PhDs training in these fields and the number of programs offering training in these fields are increasing, particularly within the US. In addition, accountability for the public funding for MD-PhD programs requires knowledge about this growing population of trainees and their career trajectories. The aim of this paper is to describe the first cohorts of MD-PhDs in the social sciences and humanities, to characterize their training and career paths, and to better understand their experiences of training and subsequent research and practice. Methods: This paper utilizes a multi-pronged recruitment method and novel survey instrument to examine an understudied population of MD-PhD trainees in the social sciences and humanities, many of whom completed both degrees without formal programmatic support. The survey instrument was designed to collect demographic, training and career trajectory data, as well as experiences of and perspectives on training and career. It describes their routes to professional development, characterizes obstacles to and predictors of success, and explores career trends. Results: The average length of time to complete both degrees was 9 years. The vast majority (90%) completed a clinical residency, almost all (98%) were engaged in research, the vast majority (88%) were employed in academic institutions, and several others (9%) held leadership positions in national and international health organizations. Very few (4%) went into private practice. The survey responses supply recommendations for supporting current trainees as well as areas for future research. Conclusions: In general, MD-PhDs in the social sciences and humanities have careers that fit the goals of agencies providing public funding for training physician-investigators: they are involved in mutually-informative medical research, clinical practice, and teaching - working to improve our responses to the social, cultural, and political determinants of health and health care. These findings provide strong evidence for continued and improved funding and programmatic support for MD-PhD trainees in the social sciences and humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to conceptualize cognitive liberty and the psychedelic humanities by examining their constitutive elements. The importance of this study lies in the fact that it is widespread to talk about psychedelic science nowadays, but there is a significant gap in the research. For instance, the role and importance of the humanities need to be acknowledged. Regarding cognitive liberty, this research considers that people have the right to use or refrain from using emerging neurotechnologies and psychedelics. People’s freedom of choice vis-à-vis these technologies must be protected, in particular with regard to coercive and non-consensual uses. Firstly, an analysis will be carried out of the constitutive elements of cognitive liberty, especially within the context of a philosophical approach. Secondly, this research will address some arguments for the philosophical uses of psychedelics. Finally, this paper will discuss the scope and significance of psychedelic humanities as a vein of research. Cognitive liberty is a crucial concept for the psychedelic humanities, likely to broaden our understanding of consciousness studies and reflect on ethical and social issues related to scientific research. Cognitive liberty is an update of freedom of thought according to the challenges of the 21st century. In addition, this paper will highlight the possible philosophical uses of psychedelic substances to broaden the research scope since, at present, the ritual and therapeutic uses of psychedelics have the most significant legitimacy. Recognition of philosophical uses demonstrates that learning from non-clinical uses of psychedelics is possible. The psychedelic humanities represent an underexplored avenue of research that can contribute to a better understanding of the interplay between science and culture.

In the years 1834 and1835, Kierkegaard, still a 21-year-old student at the University of Copenhagen, became interested in the mythical character known as the master-thief. He then decided to work on a drama about this character and his struggle against the established order. With this in mind, the paper has two main objectives. First, to offer a complete account of the so-called master-thief project. Kierkegaard's notes on the master-thief have remained in a relative obscurity. This paper aims at exposing this little-known work of the Danish thinker to the Spanish-speaking reader. Second, to analyze the philosophical question raised in the master thief project, that is, the issue about the relationship of the rebel and marginalized individual with the established order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports and briefly discusses the results of two science mapping experiments we conducted in two humanities fields: analytic philosophy and human geography. In the first section, we provide a non-technical introduction to science mapping techniques, presenting the steps required to produce distance-based science maps. The two following sections present the datasets of our experiments and the maps we produced. Lastly, we discuss the main limitations of science mapping when it is applied to areas in the humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research into intuitive interaction often builds on the development of a definition and clear-cut criteria. The present paper suggests an alternative, more phenomenological approach. In line with the User Experience perspective,we focus on the experiential phenomenon and subjective feelings related to intuitive interaction. Our analysis makes use of insights from psychological research on intuitive decision-making and user research in Human--Computer Interaction. As a result, we suggest four components of intuitive interaction (Gut Feeling,Verbalizability, Effortlessness, Magical Experience) and a research framework of relevant influencing factors. Given that intuitive interaction relies on the transfer of previously acquired knowledge, one suggested influencing factor is the domain transfer distance, i.e. the distance between the application domain and the source domain of transferred prior knowledge. Our theoretical model assumes a differential effect of the domain transfer distance on the four components of intuitive interaction. An empirical study (n = 152) substantiates the suggested components and theoretical considerations on the special effect of the domain transfer distance. As assumed, Gut Feeling, Verbalizability, Effortlessness and Magical Experience were all relevant for participants' subjective understanding of intuitive interaction. In line with our model of domain transfer distance, usage scenarios with higher transfer distance were perceived as better representatives of intuitive interaction and characterized by Gut Feeling/Magical Experience, whereas lower transfer distance scenarios were characterized by Verbalizability/Effortlessness. The present paper offers a number of contributions for research and design. Besides providing a better understanding of the phenomenon of intuitive interaction and underlying mechanisms, we discuss how design can profit from these insights (e.g. specification of the desired experience, design for innovation). Limitations of the present study and implications for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As software developers design artificial agents (AAs), they often have to wrestle with complex issues, issues that have philosophical and ethical importance. This paper addresses two key questions at the intersection of philosophy and technology: What is deception? And when is it permissible for the developer of a computer artifact to be deceptive in the artifact's development? While exploring these questions from the perspective of a software developer, we examine the relationship of deception and trust. Are developers using deception to gain our trust? Is trust generated through technological 'enchantment' warranted? Next, we investigate more complex questions of how deception that involves AAs differs from deception that only involves humans. Finally, we analyze the role and responsibility of developers in trust situations that involve both humans and AAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Open access, the notion that research output, such as journal articles, should be freely accessible to readers on the Web, is arguably in the best interest of science. In this article, we (1) describe in-depth how a society-owned philosophy journal, Nordic Wittgenstein Review, evaluated various publishing models and made an informed decision on how best to adopt open access publishing for the journal, and (2) develop and implement measures to evaluate the chosen model. Method. This case study uses reports from editorial board members (mainly the editor-in-chief), Web access metrics as well as a Web survey to the journal community as well as the wider philosophy research community. Analysis. After two years as a delayed open access journal with commercial publishers, the journal made a decision to become an independent scholar-run journal without fees to readers or authors, and which would rely mainly on volunteer effort with university faculty support. This decision was made after evaluating various publishing scenarios and negotiating with potential publishers. This study breaks down what is involved in terms of input and effort compared to having handed over the publishing of the journal to an external publisher. Conclusions. For an open access journal choosing between publishing models, elements of ideology and feasibility need to be balanced. This article provides an overview of relevant elements and some means to judge feasibility in journal publishing endeavours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents characteristics of practices in the humanities that can be manifested through specific forms of counseling, namely spiritual or pastoral counseling and philosophical counseling. Through the comparative analysis of the two practices, interdisciplinary links are identified, reflected at the conceptual and applied level, with both their similarities and differences being highlighted, in order to emphasize the originality and the capacity to adapt to the requirements of the field from which they come. The paper supports the new trend of involvement in communities of specific counseling practices by expanding their application potential from person to group and community, with the help of an adaptation process necessary to achieve the goal in order to bring the practice of counseling to as many persons and to community or society in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this essay, an attempt is made to reflect on the relation between philosophy and Humanities, with a new look and attention to its hermeneutical foundations. The assertion of this study is that there is every kind of branch of knowledge that exists in the philanthropists, which is based on a metaphysical and philosophical look that is based on a hermeneutic foundation. Hence, for Humanities, there is no possibility of spontaneity in philosophy and metaphysics. According to the relation that man has with understanding and in general, "hermeneutics", we have spoken about the pluralism in the field of philosophy and metaphysics, and we showed how different disciplines Which is in the field of humanism, must inevitably be based on a general and profound view that reveals itself in the domain of excellence, which is metaphysical knowledge. At the end of this paper, we have shown how, based on this hermeneutical foundation, the possibility of the emergence of "special metaphysics", based on the ideas on the relation between philosophy and Humanities, and the points that can exist in the relation between metaphysics and scholars of Humanities, It is possible to speak and how the holiness in such a situation (according to our indigenous, national, religious, and cultural needs) is matured and perfected, and we have also pointed out that how can one find a way through the relations that can exist between philosophy and Humanities? "Philosophical Hermeneutics," or more precisely, "hermeneutical philosophy" is a phenomenological approach to the category of "understanding," which the philosophical foundation reflects on the understanding and process of realization of understanding. Therefore, all human existential proportions are formed on the basis of the understanding and relationship of the deity with the being, and all predecessors, preconceptions and predecessors constituting the existential identity of his understanding, and of course, may originate from a diverse range of subjects, such as society, religion, politics, culture, The family ... and many other things that somehow compromise human qualities or, in the words of Heidegger, in the universe. Of course, this expression should not lead to the illusion that the criterion and the areas of truth are lost, and that pluralism occurs in the realm of knowledge, and ultimately leads to relativism and skepticism. Because Heidegger himself was also aware of this, he spoke of the remoteness of understanding, which is an integral part of the structure and conditionality of understanding, and understanding without it is not possible. Dasein, though initially, approaches his identification with his earlier understanding. But there is the possibility of rival projections that, with consideration of the subject, will be successively combined to achieve a meaningful unity for Dasein. Therefore, the mission of the practice of understanding and interpretation is to find suitable projections, and in these projections, with different origins of understanding and interpretation, different horizons are intermingled and the possibility of dialogue between them is provided. This discernment is more in the field of Humanities, since, as mentioned at the beginning of this essay, the foundations of methodology, ontology, anthropology, and epistemology, and many other such metaphysical foundations interfere in the understanding and interpretation and process. Despite this interdependence, which occurs in the process of understanding and interpretation, it can be spoken in the context of the philosophic and social as a result of the plurality and multiplicity of metaphysical foundations of humanism or socialism with a religious or secular, Islamic or Christian and Jewish character. Because that stipulates this waiver. Even more so, we can speak of religious and Islamic culture from various religious and Islamic diversities, and, on the other hand, under Western culture and civilization, we also see different scholars based on different philosophies and philosophical schools. Turning to the hermeneutic foundation in this article, the groundwork of ideas and theories, and theorizing reflection and exploration in diverse and varied approaches to the philosopher's will provide. The attentiveness of opinion and dialogue between philosophers and specialists in humanities leads to a desirable outcome if, on the one hand, the philosopher and the scholars of philosophy of studies are in the realm of experiences associated with humanism, in such a way that he addresses the main methods and fundamental concepts in which Science is used to recognize. On the other hand, those working in the field of Humanities must also become acquainted with the language of philosophers, so that they can work together in a mutually beneficial way and open up new horizons. Regarding what was said in this essay, it becomes clear that the philosopher (with the new approach we talked about in this essay) cannot provide for metaphysical philosophies and contemplations, but at the same time, given the pluralism that exists in philosophical reflections We are confronted with a large number of philosophers and philosophical schools that may have a fundamental difference between them while they share common ground in their thoughts. There are various approaches philosophers can have on certain issues such as being, truth, human beings, society, religion, etc., as well as the attention of philosophers and metaphysical subjects to the achievements of other branches of human sciences and sciences, and as a result These interdisciplinary studies also lead to a variety of different perspectives and developments in various branches of folklore. Humanities in the contemporary world are faced with a fundamental challenge. Contemporary humanities based on the principles of theology, anthropology and epistemology and other basic principles, and so far as these foundations, with regard to the scientific and epistemic heritage of mankind, do not change in other branches of science, we cannot see a change in the native and patriotic Humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The marriage of literature and science might not be possible strictly speaking, but a marriage of humanities with philosophy, psychology, religion, ethics, ecology, and social studies, for instance, might well work, as a close analysis of some medieval narratives will illustrate. This paper intends to demonstrate once again what the humanities could truly mean, insofar as the discussion will not only lay bare textual elements or philological concerns, but it will also indicate how much relevant literature helps us to address crucial questions of religious, ethical, social, moral, and philosophical kinds, building powerful bridges between the past and the present. In order to test this premise even in extreme situations, here a number of medieval texts will be introduced and analyzed as to their timeless message and hence their extremely important function of creating meaning for readers/listeners both from the Middle Ages and today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jean Watson's Theory of Human Caring and the caring moment are based in part in the concepts of transpersonal psychology. This paper will provide a historical background around transpersonal psychology and how it relates to Watson's human caring moment. The purpose of explicating these humanities-based concepts is to support nurses and nurse educators in creating a deeper understanding ofWatson's caring-healing moment as a time-space continuum, where the nurse's caring supports a mutually created environment for healing. The article provides useful background information, as well as outlining simple steps to revising nursing curricula so that they become supportive of nursing students' growth as transpersonal-caring beings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A devotion to music in Chinese classical texts is worth noticing. Early Chinese thinkers saw music as a significant part of human experience and a core practice for philosophy. While Confucian endorsement of ritual and music has been discussed in the field, Daoist understanding of music was hardly explored. This paper will make a careful reading of the Xiánchí ... music story in the Zhuangzi, one of themost interesting, but least noticed texts, and reconstruct a Zhuangzian perspective from it. While sounds had been regarded as mere building blocks of music and thus depreciated in the hierarchical understanding of music in the mainstream discourse of early China, sound is the alpha and omega of music in the Zhuangzian perspective. All kinds of sounds, both human and natural, are invited into musical discourse. Sound is regarded as the real source of our being moved by music, and therefore, musical consummation is depicted as embodiment through sound. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the humanities and social sciences disciplines, English literature is perhaps the most contentious subject as it carries subtle ideological and cultural impacts and significance. Right from the beginning of its introduction in British India and elsewhere, the most prominent consideration was its inherent worth as a carrier of values and norms. Under the surface of its seemingly value-neutral tag, English literature promotes ideas, beliefs and philosophies which can potentially influence its learners and practitioners. Based on this theoretical premise, this paper will establish the necessity of critically evaluating English literary texts in a Muslim setting and of bringing in Islamic perspectives in pedagogical practices at such an Islamic university as International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). It will discuss a few twentieth-century English literary works and suggest ways of looking at them from the Islamic viewpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A form of metaphysical humanism in the field of philosophy of technology can be defined as the claim that besides technologies' physical aspects, purely human attributes are sufficient to conceptualize technologies. Metaphysical nonhumanism, on the other hand, would be the claim that the meanings of the operative words in any acceptable conception of technologies refer to the states of affairs or events which are in a way or another shaped by technologies. In this paper, I focus on the conception of technologies as problem-solving physical instruments in order to study the debate between the humanist and the nonhumanist ways of understanding technologies. I argue that this conception commits us to a hybrid understanding of technologies, one which is partly humanist and partly nonhumanist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the polysemy of Complexity, it is intended to expose different postures, definitions, descriptions and debates about It, in the light of what was described by Carlos Maldonado, Edgar Morin, Ilya Prigogine, Murray Gell-Mann, Leonardo Rodríguez and Julio Aguirre. For them it implies a dialogical and translucent principle that would integrate classical logic considering its de facto (contradictions problems) and de jure (formalism limits) limits, and that in addition would take in himself the principle of Unitas Multiplex that escapes to the abstract unity by the high (holism) and by the low (reductionism). After the presentation of the positions of the mentioned authors the paper goes on to describe encounters and disagreements about this concept finally proposing a definition and characterization of complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I will discuss what specific traits distinguish sciences from other historical institutions. First I will review several philosophies conceiving sciences having in mind constitutive, but generic, features. This is the case when sciences are understood as explanation, as comprehension, as knowledge, as description, as representation, as construction, as cultural institution, as experimentation and elaboration of hypotheses, as theory, and as instrument of domination and intervention on reality. I put forward certain specific traits of theorems and scientific fields that allow us to distinguish sciences from other historical formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research integrating the perspectives of different disciplines, or interdisciplinary research, has become increasingly common in academia and is considered important for its ability to address complex questions and problems. This mode of research aims to leverage differences among disciplines in generating a more complex understanding of the research landscape. To interact successfully with other disciplines, researchers must appreciate their differences, and this requires recognizing how the research landscape looks from the perspective of other disciplines. One central aspect of these disciplinary perspectives involves values, and more specifically, the roles that values do, may, and should play in research practice. It is reasonable to think that disciplines differ in part because of the different views that their practitioners have on these roles. This paper represents a step in the direction of evaluating this thought. Operating at the level of academic branches, which comprise relevantly similar disciplines (e.g. social and behavioral sciences), this paper uses quantitative techniques to investigate whether academic branches differ in terms of views on the impact of values on research. Somewhat surprisingly, we find very little relation between differences in these views and differences in academic branch. We discuss these findings from a philosophical perspective to conclude the paper.

Pay to publish and open access have been studied extensively, but less so in disciplines such as philosophy and ethics. This study examines the habits and perceptions of researchers from these two fields in Spain. The study draws on data from a survey (completed by 201 out of 541 researchers), a public debate with 26 researchers, and 14 in‐depth interviews. Our results offer some interesting insights into the criteria researchers apply when selecting publishers and journals, notably the value they place on the absence of publication fees. However, habits differ for publishing an article or a book, since payment to publish books is more widespread. The study finds contrasting views on the market for publishing books and journals: some respondents perceived what they consider to be the commercialisation of publishing in academic journals, while others provide arguments to support the Spanish book industry. Sceptical views were also voiced on pay to publish as a funding model. Finally, the study finds broad agreement among the researchers surveyed that publicly funded research should be free to read. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Against the background of the contemporary debate about financialisation, the paper conceptualises the capitalist labour economy as fundamentally a monetary system. It argues that money is not a capitalist means of organising its labour economy but that it is rather a capitalist end. The argument examines and finds wanting conceptions of money in political economy, including Keynesianism and neoliberalism, and argues that the debate about financialisation is fundamentally based on the propositions of political economy. It holds that Marx’s critique of political economy conceives of money as the form of value and expounds money-making as the purpose of the capital labour economy. Thus, the labour theory of value is fundamentally a monetary theory of value, labour is the means of valorisation, and that is, of money in process, and as such capital. Making money out of money is capital as its most rational. In the form of credit, money posits wealth as a claim on future surplus value.

Do universities still need departments in the humanities—philosophy, history, languages, and so forth? Many today, particularly legislators with control over the funding of public universities, feel that the emphasis should be on, and only on, departments in the STEM field. Willem B. Drees, a former dean of humanities, makes a spirited defense of the worth of the humanities and of their continued place in higher education. This essay looks at Drees's arguments in a critical, yet appreciative, fashion. It is a debate we need to have. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dante's Paradiso and the Theological Origins of Modern Thought: Toward a Speculative Philosophy of Self-Reflection. By William Franke. New York: Routledge, 2021. Paper. 344 p. $160. In his latest book, [...]

Due to an oft held presupposition by academic administrators that the humanities lack utility, it is common for humanities scholars to be fearful of the demise of our disciplines in institutions of higher learning. In a number of western institutions, humanities departments have been closed based upon this logic. Locating the discussion within the South African academy and based particularly upon the pedagogical experience of the University of South Africa, the authors note an emerging juxtaposition to the western utilitarian approach toward humanities. The decolonial turn is gaining traction in neo colonies and offers an approach away from western positivistinspired reductivism. Therefore, from within the decolonial milieu, a recovery of the importance of researching and teaching themes of the human can arise when the conception of the person is integrally restored. We argue that when dominant knowledge systems are dislodged, space is created for epistemic plurality by which epistemic re-centring occurs. Doing philosophy in the decolonial environment affords the privilege of reclaiming humanity in the face of its neo colonial mutilation. This is even more so, when philosophy is taught through the dispersed mode of open, distance, and e-learning (ODeL), an andragogy that encourages recentring and decolonisation in both the theory and praxis of teaching and learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on annual "Top Ten Developments in Studies on Chinese Humanities." Topics include exploring the seeds of national culture, revealing the origin and development of Chinese civilization, and justifying the prosperity and longevity of Chinese cultural traditions; and founding of the People's Republic of China, the disciplines of literature, history, and philosophy reflecting on history and envisioning the future.

A persistent feature in Jesuit reports about the late Ming and early Qing was the notion that an enduring peace and concord pervaded the Chinese political system. Although the Jesuits did not invent this association, which was rooted in Greco-Roman historiography, the Jesuit encyclopaedist Antonio Possevino (1533-1611) was the first to link the 'perpetual peace' (perpetua pax) and 'supreme concord' (summa concordia) of the Chinese state to the Confucian intellectual tradition. As the Jesuits' missionary strategy developed under the tutelage of Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), 'public peace' (pax publica) and 'the calm of the Republic' (Republica quies) came to be perceived as the ultimate purpose of the Confucian precepts and one of the hinges on which the aims of Christianity, Confucianism and natural law can be reconciled. The supreme expression of the link between Confucianism and peace can be found in the Confucius Sinarum philosophus (1687), which presented for the first time an accessible translation of three of the four Confucian classics. Yet while retaining the view that pre-Qin Confucianism espoused peace as a central political aim, the Confucius Sinarum philosophus challenged the view that contemporary China could be regarded as a utopic actualization of Confucian peace. This paper will discuss this shift as an attempt to coopt the Chinese political experience as an argument against the pragmatic political philosophy known as 'reason of state', which was perceived by Jesuit thinkers as atheistic and immoral. Keywords: atheism, Confucianism, Confucius Sinarum philosophus, Philippe Couplet, heresy, Jesuit China mission, Machiavelli, Reason of State, A recurrent perception in Jesuit writings about the late Ming and early Qing was that the Chinese state was characterised by peace. While the Jesuits may have promoted this idea [...]

Abstract: Literature is an ancestral enterprise whereby humans seek to understand reality and make sense of the world at large. A sophisticated construct of the human imagination, Literary Criticism has served the purpose of scrutinizing verbal works of art from a wide range of critical perspectives to find out the truths contained in them about humanity and our world. This is a way of honouring the deep thinking and the beauty inherent in Literature. In this paper, we look at the concept of ‘liminality’ in Anglophone Studies, as well as to the power and promise of 21st-century Literary Criticism as part of the Humanities, at a time where there is a fierce need for a transdisciplinary approach to the study of literature that brings together the lessons of contemporary Philosophy and other relevant fields of knowledge that may shed light on our understanding of literature. Título en español: “El poder y la promesa de la Crítica literaria del siglo XXI” Resumen: La literatura es una empresa ancestral con la que los seres humanos tratan de comprender la realidad y el mundo en toda su extensión. Sofisticado constructo de la imaginación humana en sí misma, la Crítica Literaria ha estudiado las obras literarias desde múltiples perspectivas teóricas a lo largo de los siglos con el objeto de sacar a la luz las verdades que encierran sobre la humanidad y nuestro mundo. La Crítica Literaria no deja de ser una forma de honrar el pensamiento profundo y la belleza inherentes a la propia literatura. En este artículo meditamos acerca del concepto de ‘liminalidad’ en los Estudios Anglófonos, y reflexionamos sobre el poder y la promesa de la Crítica Literaria del siglo XXI como parte de las Humanidades, en unos tiempos en que urge apostar por un acercamiento holístico y transdisciplinar al estudio del fenómeno literario que aúne las lecciones de la Filosofía contemporánea y de otras disciplinas que acaso puedan arrojar luz sobre nuestra comprensión de la literatura

The Information Systems discipline (IS) is usually regarded as a social science because it includes research on human-related aspects of these systems. However, a limited number of IS research outputs use approaches that are typical of the traditional arts and humanities. Little recognition has been given to the arts and humanities-informed stream of the IS discipline. This article aims to clarify the subtle distinctions between these scientific constellations and IS's place in it. It highlights the cluster of arts, humanities and IS in the inter-linked world of scientific disciplines and makes some recommendations to build further on these accomplishments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doubt, Faith, and Certainty. By Anthony C. Thiselton. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2017. Paper. 160 p. $20. Anthony Thiselton, an Anglican priest and former head of theology at the University [...]

In this article, I analyze the methodological contributions of Michel FOUCAULT, highlighting his affinity with qualitative strategies of research in the human and social sciences. I propose a theoretical study on the subject, working with historical and conceptual aspects of Michel FOUCAULT's methodology and its application to qualitative research. This text is organized into three analytical axes: a discussion of the methodological questions developed by Michel FOUCAULT; a correlation of his perspective with contemporary literature about qualitative research; and an analysis of the methodological design of his final research. I emphasize his decision to study problems from their "most singular and concrete forms." I explore the outline of his final research on the genealogy of the modern subject, analyzing the reasons for his methodological choices. Finally, I propose that the construction of relevant research problems, handled with detail and precision, and using classic research methods, contributed to the incisive impact of his work in the field of human and social sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dependence on history of both present and future dynamics of life is a common intuition in biology and in humanities. Historicity will be understood in terms of changes of the space of possibilities (or of “phase space”) as well as by the role of diversity in life’s structural stability and of rare events in history formation. We hint to a rigorous analysis of “path dependence” in terms of invariants and invariance preserving transformations, as it may be found also in physics, while departing from the physico-mathematical analyses. The idea is that the (relative or historicized) invariant traces of the past under organismal or ecosystemic transformations contribute to the understanding (or the “theoretical determination”) of present and future states of affairs. This yields a peculiar form of unpredictability (or randomness) in biology, at the core of novelty formation: the changes of observables and pertinent parameters may depend also on past events. In particular, in relation to the properties of synchronic measurement in physics, the relevance of diachronic measurement in biology is highlighted. This analysis may a fortiori apply to cognitive and historical human dynamics, while allowing to investigate some general properties of historicity in biology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay aims to expose an inner linkage between the crisis of the human and the crisis of the humanities in our times. Inspired by a variation of Wittgenstein's famous proposition "The limits of my language mean the limits of my world", it is claimed that the humanities refer to the human through a common and singularising experience of limits of the human. However, arguably, it is precisely this experience of limits that is threatened since modernity has become a process of progressively literalising reality, eliminating ambivalences, and trivialising meaning, with psychoanalytical and political consequences that we can see, for instance, in extreme ways, in today's fundamentalist actions. Given these crisis aspects, I argue that the post-human experience provided by sci-fi is a rather important source of resistance for the human and the humanities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past three decades, psychological distress has increasingly come to be explained in neurobiological terms by both mental health professionals and the general public. Disorders like major depression are now most commonly understood to be symptoms of some, as of yet unidentified, biochemical or neurological disturbance in the brain and thus treatment often focuses exclusively on the pharmacological without being inclusive of psychotherapeutic options. This etiological claim rests on the same assumptions as does reductive physicalism within philosophy. Understanding this paradigm, as it appears in philosophy, can potentially play an important role in informing the debate over how best to understand and ease mental suffering. In particular, by critiquing reductive physicalism and identifying the importance of nuanced understandings of complex phenomena, philosophers can aid mental health practitioners and policy makers in developing more robust, holistic approaches to mental healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When reasoning about the stories and dramas of television series, it is useful to resort to an ethical and anthropological criterion. This approach calls for distinguishing between an anthropological reason applicable to people in the real world and thedramatis personae. There are two coherent anthropological behaviors that may contribute to a viewers’ active position. The first one is to consider that Aristotle's Poetics and the contemporary extension of his content can rationally account for those stories and dramas, today precisely qualified as ‘tragic’. The second one is to understand the real world and its dramatic representations, in accordance with the Leonardo Polo’s transcendental anthropology, the vision which Jürgen Habermas finds in religions, and Joseph Ratzinger - articulating reason and faith - has summed up as livingveluti si Deus daretur. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring and the caring moment are based in part in the concepts of transpersonal psychology. This paper will provide a historical background around transpersonal psychology and how it relates to Watson’s human caring moment. The purpose of explicating these humanities-based concepts is to support nurses and nurse educators in creating a deeper understanding of Watson’s caring-healing moment as a time-space continuum, where the nurse’s caring supports a mutually created environment for healing. The article provides useful background information, as well as outlining simple steps to revising nursing curricula so that they become supportive of nursing students’ growth as transpersonal-caring beings.

Born out of the convergence of intellectual traditions and owning a borrowing capacity analogous to the one that engenders creole languages, the study of folklore, or folkloristics, claims the right to adapt and remodel political, psychological, and anthropological insights, not only for itself but for the humanities disciplines of philosophy, art, literature, and music (the “PALM” disciplines). Performance-based folkloristics looks like a new blend, or network, of elements from several of those. What looks like poaching, which is a common practice for folksong and folk narrative, can be examined in the PALM disciplines under names like intertextuality and plagiarism. Nation-oriented traditions of folklore study have convergence, borrowing, and remodeling in their history which are also discoverable in other disciplines. Linguistic and cultural creolization—what happens when people of different linguistic and cultural backgrounds are forced together to learn from one another—lies at the center of folklore; its study opens paths for research in all humanities fields. The study of folklore, while remaining marginal in universities, is undergoing a self-transformation which should lead to the acceptance of its methods and findings in the PALM disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kwasi Wiredu defines conceptual decolonisation as an activity in which Africans divest themselves of undue colonial influences, but his descriptions of this process are either unrelated to divesting or work quite generally, and not in favour of an African point of view. Wiredu's approach to decolonisation appears to be largely indistinguishable from the business of philosophy. Keywords: African philosophy, conceptual decolonisation, Kwasi Wiredu, meta-philosophy, 1. Introduction Kwasi Wiredu is a central figure in the contemporary debate on conceptual decolonisation. Whether one treats his views as authoritative, (1) or doubts that they have anything to [...]

This article examines the Australian 'Continental Philosophy' community through the lens of the Azanian philosophical tradition. Specifically, it interrogates the series of conversations around race and methodology that arose from the 2017 Australasian Society for Continental Philosophy (ASCP) conference. At the heart of these were questions of place, race, Indigeneity, and the very meaning of 'Continental Philosophy' in Australia. The pages that follow pursue those questions, grappling with the relationship between the articulation of disciplinary bounds and the exercise of colonial power. Having struggled with the political and existential cost of participation in the epistemic community that is the ASCP, I argue for disengagement and the exploration of alternative intellectual communities. This is ultimately a call to intellectual work grounded on ethical relations rather than on the furtherance of the status quo. It is a call to take seriously the claim, 'the land is ours'. Keywords: colonialism, community, disciplinarity, grounds, indigeneity, myth, I don't believe they deliberately distorted the story; they simply offered their objective history ... from an imperialist point of view. (wa Thiong'o 2012: 67) Before the circus of armies, [...]

Milos Dokulil's dissection of Kurt Godel's religious worldview generates questions among his conclusions. In part, the reader's understanding is challenged by the turgid translation from the Czech language. Yet, the meaning still can be extricated. Because Godel's ontological argument for God's existence was not published in his lifetime, there is doubt that he was satisfied by its method. Truly, since virtually all of Godel's writings on philosophy were unpublished, his rational Platonism leaves considerable room for speculation concerning his metaphysical system. Hence, Dokulil seeks alternative explanations for what seems to have been Godel's real faith in God. Framed by semantic-philosophical musings, Dokulil concludes that it was the influence of Godel's childhood exposure to the Bible mainly through his mother. Indeed, it seems at times that Dokulil is examining his own belief in God as well as Godel's. In the event, there are several aspects of Godel's life and work which elucidate his religious belief through his pursuit of mathematical reasoning in a more intellectually engaging way than simply the maternal influence that is often most profound and Godly. These include his philosophy of Platonism, great contributions to metamathematics, and the relation of intellect and will., IN SEARCH OF KURT FRIEDRICH GODEL Milos Dokulil begins with an abbreviated overview of Kurt Godel's (1906-1978) life, work, and religion. As the essay unfolds, Dokulil seeks to link immanence [...]

This article argues that G. E. Lessing should be viewed as one of the German Enlightenment's foremost thinkers of peace alongside his contemporary Immanuel Kant, whose contribution to thinking peace in the eighteenth century is already well recognised. It makes this case by examining two of Lessing's late works: the 1779 drama Nathan the Wise and the 1780 essay The Education of the Human Race. The dialogue between faith and reason characteristic of Enlightenment discourse is at the heart of both texts, but here it is argued that peace is a crucial third moment. While in Nathan Lessing asserts the need to find peace between the forces of faith and reason in a literary register, in the Education essay he does so in a more explicitly theoretical mode. Keywords: Enlightenment, faith, Lessing, literature and philosophy, peace, reason, In the context of the German Aufklarung, the concept of peace is typically associated with the work of Immanuel Kant, whose 1795 essay 'Zum ewigen Frieden. Ein philosophischer Entwurf' (Perpetual [...]

This special issue arose from a workshop on 'Peace and Concord from Plato to Lessing', organised by the editors and which took place at the University of Sydney on 18 [...]

A common communitarian criticism of rights discourse picks at the individualistic picture of rights which is said to presuppose a society where persons are conscious of their separateness. In contrast, an African communitarian society is said to put less emphasis on individual interests; it encourages harmony, not divergence of interests, competition, and conflict. Thus, preoccupation with rights would be incompatible with and even hostile to the possibility of community. This article argues the opposite; it submits that rights and community are mutually constitutive. To this end, I explore T. H. Green's social recognition thesis which reconceptualises rights and obligations in a teleological framework. When conceived in this fashion, rights transcend antithetical relations between individuals and society as typified by classical natural rights thinkers. I argue that, considering a normative significance of the common good, a compelling account of rights in African philosophy is better conceived in a teleological framework. Keywords: African ethics, common good, recognition, rights, T.H. Green, The notion of the community features manifestly in African systems of thought. This has seen robust intellectual movements devoted to the analysis of this feature in both descriptive and prescriptive [...]