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This experiment evaluated the dose and payout pattern of trenbolone acetate (TBA) and estradiol-17β (E2) on LM mRNA expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-ɑ (AMPK-ɑ), C/EBPβ, G protein-coupled receptor 41(GPR41), G protein-coupled receptor 43 (GPR43), PPARγ, and stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) in finishing feedlot steers as indicators of adipogenesis and marbling development. British · Continental steers (n = 168; 14 pens/treatment; initial BW = 362 kg) were used in a randomized complete block design. Treatments included: no implant (NI), Revalor-S (REV-S; 120 mg TBA + 24 mg E2), or Revalor-XS (REV-X; delayed release implant: 80 mg TBA + 16 mg E2 [uncoated], 120 mg TBA + 24 mg E2 [coated], 200 mg TBA + 40 mg E2 [total]). Steers were fed 1 time daily for an average of 164 d. The LM biopsies were collected (1 steer/pen) on d -1, 27, 55, and 111 relative to timing of implant. Total RNA was isolated from each sample and real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure quantity of AMPK-ɑ, C/EBPβ, GPR41, ,it, PPARγ, and SCD mRNA. No implant · day interactions were detected (P ≥ 0.19) in this experiment. Day impacted the mRNA expression of all adipogenic genes (P ≤ 0.02). The main effect of implant tended (P = 0.09) to influence expression of AMPK-ɑ, REV-X had an 8.8% increase over NI and an 18.7% increase over REV-S. Implant influenced (P = 0.03) mRNA expression of GPR41, expression of GPR41 for the REV-X treatment was not different (P > 0.10) from NI, and both were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than REV-S (1.13, 1.00, and 0.67 ± 0.224 arbitrary units) for REV-X, NI, and REV-S, respectively. Implant also influenced (P = 0.02) expression of GPR43, expression of GPR43 for REV-X was not different (P > 0.10) from NI, and both were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than REV-S (1.27, 1.07, and 0.72 ± 0.234 arbitrary units) for REV-X, NI, and REV-S, respectively. Implant influenced (P = 0.02) mRNA expression of PPARγ in LM tissue, expression of PPARγ for REV-X was not different (P > 0.10) from NI, and both were greater (P ≤ 0.05) than REV-S (1.09, 1.02, and 0.69 ± 0.195 arbitrary units) for REV-X, NI, and REV-S, respectively. The REV-X steers received the greatest anabolic dose of TBA + E2 without detriment to marbling scores. The increased mRNA expression of adipogenic genes for REV-X steers suggest that the delayed and gradual release of anabolic stimulants associated with REV-X might have mitigated decreases in marbling generally attributed to multiple combined TBA + E2 implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic rooms as part of a complex system, like a ship, are necessarily connected electromagnetically via apertures and cables to the outside. Therefore, their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) is limited by ventilation openings, cable feed-throughs and door gaps. Thus, electronic equipment inside these rooms is susceptible to outer electromagnetic threats like IEMI. Dielectric or magnetic absorber inside such a screened room can be used in order to prevent the SE from collapsing at the resonant frequencies. In this contribution, the effect of different available absorber materials is compared, as well as other properties like weight and workability. Furthermore, parameter variations of the absorber as well as the effect of loading in form of metallic and dielectric structures on the SE are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]