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This article aims to critique a published paper according to UK professional Standard Framework (UKPSF). The critiqued paper in this article was written by Loftin, Davis, and Hartin (2010) that provide clarity and meaning for classroom participation from the nursing student perspective at West Texas A&M University. The article shows that the title of the published paper was not reflected the purpose of the study, the literature review, and the results. Besides that, the critiqued paper provided clarity and meaning of the classroom participation, but the results explained the factors behind the reluctance of the student in the participation. This article contributes to the body of the knowledge in higher education and provides valuable facts about the practices of instructors and peers that lead to improving the students' participation.

ePortfolios play an important role in tertiary education globally in the 21st Century. Several studies have advocated for the implementation of ePortfolios on the basis that they have the potential to integrate technology whilst making learning visible and meaningful for students. However, rarely is the implementation of ePortfolios, considered from the students' perspective. The development of web-based learning resources including ePortfolios platforms are often driven by software developers with an extensive degree of technical expertise, rather than teachers and educators and, without acknowledging potential difficulties this may create for students (Andrews & Cole, 2015; Beckers, Dolmons, & Merriënboer, 2016; Cordier et al. (2016); Leacock & Nesbit, 2007; Nam & Smith-Jackson, 2007). The aim of this study was to explore students' perspectives on the value of an ePortfolio platform in the final year for nursing students in the Bachelor of Nursing programme in a New Zealand tertiary institute. The data for this study were obtained through focus group sessions. Thematic analysis identified four themes from the data which were the importance of ease of use, feedback, transparency, and the role of supporting technology. This study aligns with previous literature in demonstrating students' preference for the use of ePortfolios but extends our knowledge by considering the value of ePortfolios from students' perspectives.

The article aims to present and critique the literature exploring nursing students' learning styles and to discuss the implications of understanding nursing students' learning styles for nurse educators, nursing students, and nursing academic programs. Learning style refers to the way an individual prefers to learn. Learning styles are shaped by several factors and change with different contexts. The learning styles vary among students in nursing programs and other health professions, with no one dominant style. Despite inconsistent evidence, educators believe that matching their teaching methods with students' learning styles can promote academic performance. The authors share a teaching experience that incorporates offering several teaching methods for the same content to meet the different learning styles of nursing students. The teaching experience resulted in students' satisfaction and improvement in their performance. The paper proposes assisting nursing students to develop their learning styles to enable them to master the skillset required by nursing as a profession. These nursing students are future nurses who would have developed the necessary learning style and skills to provide safe and competent nursing care. • Learning style refers to how an individual prefers to learn. • Nursing students show different learning styles, with no one dominant learning style. • Matching teaching methods to students' learning styles holds value for students' learning and educator's pedagogical methods. • Offering various teaching methods to help students develop various learning styles is core to nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers aimed to assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing education through semi-structured interviews with undergraduate nursing students. The researchers explored themes related to online education, clinical placements, and mental health. Findings revealed that the sudden shift to online learning caused increased stress, and decreased confidence. Clinical placements were affected, leading to missed time and altered learning experiences. Mental health suffered as students faced stressors and challenges brought on by the pandemic. These interviews elucidate the challenges faced by nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide valuable information for future planning in nursing education during crises. [Articles in this journal were presented at the University of Calgary Conference on Postsecondary Learning and Teaching.]

Let us lay the context for our conversation: My senior level undergraduate nursing students, all of whom were doing their clinical experience at health care centres in Calgary, appreciated not having to travel to the University after their clinical day to have a face-to-face hour session with myself as their instructor. In previous years, we used a platform called Blackboard, and then Desire to Learn. Each student described what they had learned that day. When we had our face-to-face weekly session on non-clinical days, they reviewed their peer group projects. In providing course feedback, students emphasized that the online approach facilitated their peer group learning and enhanced their confidence in doing classroom presentations. [Articles in this journal were presented at the University of Calgary Conference on Postsecondary Learning and Teaching.]

Most nursing simulation programs focus on persons’ healthcare needs in hospital settings, and little is known about how to identify them in home settings. This study aims to develop and validate a virtual reality (VR) simulation program for nursing students to improve their clinical reasoning skills and confidence in assessing persons’ healthcare needs in home settings. We developed a VR simulation program based on a literature review and expert discussion. In Phase 1, home visit nurses or public health nurses will validate the program through their interviews in 2022. In Phase 2, we will conduct a pilot and main single-blinded randomized trial for nursing students to confirm the effectiveness from 2022 and 2023. Participants will be randomly allocated into an intervention group using VR simulations and a control group receiving videos regarding three kinds of community residents’ lives [1:1]. After obtaining informed consent, the students will submit their anonymous data to the researchers to prevent associating their grade evaluation. The primary outcome will be their clinical reasoning skills. The second outcome will include their satisfaction and self-confidence. This study will examine the effectiveness of improving their clinical reasoning skills and confidence in assessing persons’ healthcare needs in home settings.

The aim of the paper is twofold: 1. To present observations based on first-year nursing students' narratives during clinical rotation in gerontological nursing care; and 2. Explore a nursing educator's reflections on these observations in relation to the didactic and ethical challenges that occurred. The teaching of ethics is included in nurse education worldwide. Students are in their first clinical placement in residential care of older persons confronted with the moral complexities of gerontological care, where they get little possibility to share emotions and thoughts about ethically challenging nursing situations with a supervising registered nurse. A critical discussion paper. The educator's reflections in this discussion paper are based on a narrative assignment in ethics where first-year nursing students reflect on and describe a nursing situation during their clinical rotation in the residential care of older persons. Most students were acting as mere spectators in the described nursing situation where an older person, ethical standards, or evidence-based care was violated. Some students acted as advocates to the older person and intervened in the situation and a few as inspirers showing alternative ways of handling ethically challenging situations. Educators in nursing programs at the undergraduate level require time for student-centered formative guidance to foster moral courage and practice. During first-year students' clinical rotation, the learning goals in long-term residential care of older persons are focused on evidence-based basic nursing care. In this, students are confronted with ethically challenging situations, where the possibility to learn from a critical reflective practice is rare. When observing situations where an older person is subjected to unethical or unsafe nursing care it is common that the students take the spectators' role, not knowing how to deal with what is observed. Some students are taking an intervening role by trying to alleviate the vulnerability of the older person. A few are showing moral courage by directly intervening when experiencing unethical or unsafe nursing care or conduct. In this the student can inspire fellow students or staff during their clinical rotation in alternative ways of handling ethically challenging situations. As older persons are the largest demographic group that nurses will experience, educators need a sound knowledge of ethics as well as gerontological care to be able to meet and nurture students' ethical reflections during clinical practice and to foster practical wisdom in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To discuss person-centred care in nursing education and the role of online pedagogy to facilitate meaninful learning. The core principles and values of person-centred care are at the centre of national and international healthcare education. Person-centred care recognises partnerships and relationships between nurses, healthcare practitioners and individual patients, carers and their families and part of the training of healthcare professionals. However, the literature on how person-centred care is taught to facilitate meaningful learning in nursing education particularly in the context of online pedagogy is limited. A critical discussion paper. A critical discussion of person-centred care and online pedagogy that can facilitate teaching practices are presented, drawing on authors' positionality and case exemplars. Teaching person-centred care using online pedagogy appears to have a promising impact on undergraduate and postgraduate nursing students' experiences. Engaging students in critical examination and reflection on the complexities of person-centred care in practice creates meaningful experiential learning for both students and educators. Evidence suggests that the use of online pedagogy is a beneficial and effective way to incorporate the teaching of person-centred care into nursing education, yet more evidence is needed to evaluate its impact on nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of loneliness among healthcare providers, particularly nurses, has garnered increasing attention due to its detrimental effects on individual well-being and professional retention. The isolation experienced by nurses has been linked to heightened turnover rates and intentions to leave the profession, posing significant challenges to healthcare systems globally. Recognizing loneliness as an epidemic in 2023, the U.S. Surgeon General highlighted the urgency of addressing this issue within the healthcare workforce. This paper explores evidence-based strategies to mitigate loneliness and promote social connectedness among nurses, drawing insights from various stakeholders. It aims to offer actionable recommendations to enhance the nursing experience and retain professionals in the field. Strategies include peer support programs, mentorship initiatives, wellness activities, and fostering open communication. Leveraging technology for virtual connections is also highlighted, especially in remote work scenarios. A holistic approach is vital, combining individual, interpersonal, and systemic interventions to combat nurse loneliness. Prioritizing social connectedness fosters a supportive work environment, benefiting both nurses and patient care quality. • Policies promoting social connection and belonging improve nursing work environments. • Supportive work relationships enhance belongingness and nurse well-being. • Nurse leaders foster belonging with positive communication and supportive teamwork. • Faculty mentorship and social support systems improve nursing student experiences. • Social connectedness and belonging reduce the risk of burnout in nursing professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In line with the impetus traceable among the nursing staff, studies regarding the perception of Unfinished Care among students have increased in recent years as also recommended by some policy documents in the consideration that, as future members of the staff, they are expected to raise concerns about failures in the standards of care. However, no discussion of their methodological requirements has been provided to date. The aim of this study is to debate Unfinished Care explorations among nursing students and developing recommendations. Methods: A Rapid Review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, followed by a scientific discussion based on empirical evidence that emerged from the review combined with expert knowledge. Medline, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Scopus databases were searched up to May 2022. Results: In the last five years, seven studies have been conducted by researchers affiliated at the university level, involving from 18 to 737 undergraduate students across Europe. By critically analysing their key aspects, there are derived some recommendations in conducting investigations in this field as, (a) the hidden meaning of Unfinished Care investigations among students by also deciding which concept is mostly appropriate to investigate; (b) the need of establishing alliances with the clinical settings in order to involve them in such explorations; (c) more complex research methods capable of exploring this issue among students by promoting learning outcomes and not only a simple data collection; and (e) the influences of these explorations on students' wellbeing, as well as on ethical implications and that regarding the relationship between the healthcare services and the universities. Conclusion: Policymakers consider students to be key informants of the quality of nursing care issues witnessed during their clinical placements. The related emerging line of research is intriguing because of the underlying methodological, ethical and system complexities that need to be addressed according to some considerations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the validity and reliability of the electronic Compassion Competence Scale (e-CCS). Methods: A cross-sectional, randomized, two-period crossover design was used. Nursing students from four South Korean universities were surveyed between June 2017 and April 2018. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups-paper/paper, electronic/electronic, and paper/electronic or electronic/paper-and a test-retest procedure was implemented. The reliability and validity of the e-CCS were evaluated using linear weighted kappa coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Internal consistency reliability was verified using linear weighted kappa coefficients and ICCs. Pearson's correlation coefficients between the initial test and retest scores were all statistically significant. Results: The newly developed e-CCS was found to have good reliability and validity. We suggest that future research should increase sample heterogeneity by recruiting diverse age groups, nurses working in different nursing fields, and students from multiple colleges. Conclusion: This electronic instrument will help determine the differences in the level of compassion competence and devise interventions to improve compassion competence in nurses and nursing students. Further studies on enhancing compassion competence among nurses and nursing students may rely on the use of this electronic format. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Indonesia is home to approximately 400 active volcanoes located on three different tectonic plates, which put it at risk of natural disasters. Accordingly, healthcare in emergencies and disasters is of great importance in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed at describing nursing students’ experiences of nursing education in disaster nursing in a university in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was conducted by semi-structured interviews with eight nursing students from a university in Indonesia. Results: One category, namely, “Being prepared for a natural disaster”, and three subcategories, namely, “Feeling prepared in nursing”, “Managing limitations in nursing education” and “Managing uncertainty in nursing”, were identified. Nursing students considered that theory in disaster nursing was valuable; however, they lacked reality-based education to feel be prepared to perform the required tasks as forthcoming nurses. Conclusion: Increased and repeated practical training using case studies in nursing education is important for improving nursing students’ preparedness in disaster nursing.

This paper answers a call from Nordic colleagues for new strategies in education to meet the needs of a new generation of bachelor nursing students regarding the development of clinical skills. We, as they, believe that educational models targeting the development of clinical skills must be customised to meet the learning style of the current and future generations of bachelor nursing students. In this paper we put forward that using a comprehensive, collaborative, student-centred approach will assist younger generations' learning processes. We describe a pedagogical model of peer learning that combines collaboration, reflection and assessment aligned with learning outcomes. Such an approach, we believe, is likely to be in line with expectations, needs and preconditions of the current and future generations of nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational models that facilitate an increased number of students while maintaining clinical education of good quality are needed. This discussion paper presents how peer learning was implemented in a geriatric hospital setting allowing for an increase in student numbers. Conclusively, a stringent implementation of peer learning facilitated an effective way of using existing supervision resources, while maintaining a good quality of clinical education. It is also important that the process is anchored in both educational and clinical settings with a clear division of responsibilities. Finally, all collaborative partners need to acknowledge the significance of high-quality clinical education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to provide discourse regarding awareness of institutional racism, from a non-Indigenous, Australian nursing student's perspective. The discussion has a focus on the presence of institutional racism in the Australian healthcare system, its impact on the health of First Nation Peoples and a commitment to ensuring culturally safe practice. It will be argued that institutional racism is pervasive in healthcare as a consequence of three factors: exclusion of First Nations Peoples from governance roles, inherent racism impacting on socio-cultural treatment bias, and institutional racism influencing key relationships in healthcare delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This discussion paper highlights the importance of Australian nursing and midwifery students' lack of exposure to electronic medical records during their undergraduate programs. There is pressure on universities offering nursing and midwifery programs to provide students with opportunities to learn to use patient electronic medical records. This will provide authentic rehearsal with the digital technology prior to clinical placements and increase graduate work readiness. Informed by contemporary literature, we describe the benefits of implementing electronic medical records (eMR) in health organisations and identify the challenges and barriers to implementing and integrating the education of electronic records into undergraduate nursing and midwifery programs. Undergraduate students who had not experienced eMR as part of on-campus learning felt unprepared and lacked confidence when commencing clinical practice. Some international nursing and midwifery programs have found that student's skills improve in decision-making and documenting patient observations when eMR is integrated into their university education program. Successful integration of an eMR program should consider academic/teaching staff skills and confidence in technology use, initial and ongoing costs and technical support required to deliver the program. In conclusion, Australian universities need to embed eMR learning experiences into the nursing and midwifery undergraduate curricula to increase students work-readiness with a focus on patient safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pandemic-induced suspension of international study tours in 2020 permits space within which to examine the specific role of the study tour supervisor and student learning. While there is a significant body of literature on student experiences, relatively little attention has been devoted to the supervisor's role. Drawing on a first-hand account by a nurse educator on Australia's New Colombo Plan (NCP) international study tour program, this paper reveals the role's shifting complexities and uncertainties. This discussion provides the basis from which to explore the dynamics of supervisor-student relationships within unfamiliar overseas settings. The original Grand Tour, particularly the advice provided by Sir Francis Bacon in the early 17th century, serves as a frame of reference against which to evaluate the experiences shared by supervisors and students on international study tours. The frequently hazardous situations they face together required them to assume increasing responsibilities. The paper assesses the strategic and theoretical implications arising from this exercise of responsibility, which is grounded in nursing ethics and the goals of public health.

There are widespread concerns about a shortage of nurses in society, making it vital to educate and retain as many nursing students as possible. This paper interrogates the fit and relevance of established models for student retention, particularly Tinto's model of student departure and its central notion of 'integration'. Early social and academic integration of students is generally important to promote persistence and prevent early departure. We consider how integration plays out in degrees with extensive practice placements in clinical settings and large degree programme cohorts, investigating the challenges for persistence. Additionally, we question how well Tinto's understanding of integration fits with the structure and format of the nursing programme. Building on comparative interviews with 2nd and 3rd year nursing students in Norway and England, we argue that common understandings about how students are integrated into degree programmes are unlikely to fit the case of nursing. As this programme takes place at multiple sites, the integration process is often experienced as fragmented or interrupted. We find many nursing students describe a prolonged liminal state of disrupted integration, posing challenges for motivation, and greater risk of leaving. We suggest this is driven by shifts between practice and academic sites, combined with institutional practices which encourage frequent changes of peer group, physical location and academic network, all of which interrupt integration processes. Finally, the paper offers suggestions of institutional scope to promote integration within nursing degrees.

Tinto's (1993) interactional model of student departure was initially developed for students in traditional academic degrees, at residential colleges in the US. This paper takes up Tinto as a fruitful starting point for a critical review of the aspects of the model which are more and less suitable for professional degrees: integration and commitment. Since nursing degrees are quite different from traditional academic degrees, particularly when it comes to the structure of the programme, this calls for a rethink of how the concepts can be used. The paper suggests that a Tinto-type model could be adjusted to offer a valuable tool with which to inform institutional work on retention and completion in nursing programmes, and potentially in other short professional degrees. While we identified limitations in how integration functions in a nursing programme, the existing model could be adapted to account for professional commitment, which in turn may counteract the fragmented integration nursing students experience. As nursing students' initial commitment is much stronger (compared to other student groups), and this is linked to professional identity, students seem less interested in developing a student identity. Institutions should therefore consider alternative integration activities, activities which build on and contribute to the professional commitment students come into the institution with. Additionally, the integration activities also need to consider teaching at several sites, as nursing students switch between their institution and various practice placements, and therefore have a more interrupted study path.

As an emerging technology, virtual reality (VR) is now being used in education, particularly with STEM-related learning. However, as with all pedagogical innovation, there is a lack of empirical research on the application of VR in situations where students are using it with their second language (L2) and existing studies generally rely on the use of non-immersive VR tools. This paper is one step in a process of understanding the affordances and constraints of a fully immersive VR system in facilitating language learning for English as a foreign language (EFL) nurses. The results of a small-scale study suggested that learners appreciated the different features of VR, which enhanced the integration of virtuality, reality, and mentality. In addition, mediating factors of this VR learning experience were discussed based on the data set. Informed by the current findings, the paper puts forward suggestions for designing VR-supported language learning, which hopefully sheds some light on the complex nature of the effective use of VR in learning.

Purpose: In light of the world's accelerating march towards a sustainable future, the education for sustainable healthcare must be sufficiently acknowledged in health professions curricula. Early integration of these competences into nursing degree programme emphasizes its importance and applicability. This paper aims to investigate the effectiveness of an educational sustainability intervention in higher education to change nursing students' attitudes towards sustainability and climate change, and environmental awareness. Design/methodology/approach: A quasi-experimental study was performed with repeated measures between September 2019 and May 2023. Undergraduate students were introduced to sustainability and climate change in the context of healthcare using scenario-based learning and augmented reality over the courses in nursing degree. Participants' attitudes and awareness were collected by online questionnaires. Findings: The educational intervention showed effectiveness in significantly improving attitudes towards climate change and sustainability, and the environmental awareness for changing their clinical practice (p < 0.01). However, students struggled to apply sustainability and address unsustainable practices in healthcare settings. Originality/value: This study shows an effective model of curricular sustainability that can be implemented in other universities and health disciplines. The findings highlighting the importance of sustainability education in nursing and its potential to drive positive change in healthcare practice and society at large. Embedding key topics aligned with sustainable development goals in the curriculum prepares nursing or health workforce to address planetary health and implement sustainable practices that provide climate-smart care.

"Background": The adoption of technology in healthcare and higher education supports an opportunity for educators to harness the capacity of digital environments. This research contributes to discourse of industry acceptance regarding the educational value of virtual teaching and learning nursing skills, along with transferability to healthcare. "Methods": The research was conducted within a Bachelor of Nursing program. In Second Life, students completed assessment activities related to clinical nursing skills. Registered Nurses, educators, and undergraduate nursing students provided perceptions about this learning. This paper focuses on the theme of Virtual learning supports contemporary nursing education. "Findings": Second Life was shown to mimic real-world, experiential learning. All participants agreed that Second Life could be utilised to rehearse and refine nursing skills in readiness for practice. Registered Nurses recognised that learning via this virtual platform could assist to close the theory practice gap. "Conclusion": All key stakeholders valued the experiences provided when learning nursing in Second Life and recommended a broad adoption in curricula. As an adjunct teaching strategy, this has practice implications that could ultimately improve patient care and outcomes. A recommendation calls for nurse educators to adopt the use of virtual worlds for wider and consistent use in nursing curricula.

Due to policy changes across Europe, work-based learning pedagogies are on the increase in Higher Education programmes. This paper discusses the development of a theoretical framework and conceptual model used to underpin an investigation of work-based learning in postgraduate nurse education. An original conceptual model for analyzing the influences and outcomes of work-based learning and studying these concerns from a social learning theory perspective is presented. The model is based on the assumption that individuals learn within and across communities of practice, yet also recognizes the duality of individual and social contributions required for successful work-based learning. The research aimed to explore how different cultural tools and processes, in addition to social and personal contributions, influenced and sustained outcomes during and following work-based learning. A qualitative case study was employed to investigate the experiences and perceptions of WBL students and those in support roles, using interviews and documentary analysis. Four main categories of data emerged from the thematic analysis: navigating workplace cultures and contexts; learning within and across practices; practitioner trajectories and transformations; and practice transformations. The findings support the conceptual model proposed in this paper as a means of investigating, understanding and promoting discourse concerning the interrelated influences and outcomes of WBL in differing contexts.

This paper focuses on the challenges of transition experienced by local high school graduates of the Arabic school system in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in the Middle East, as they are shaped into the person of a professional nurse through a Western model of nursing education. It investigates the elements that comprise a Bahraini student's first-year nursing experience in transnational education, and considers how this experience is navigated by the student. Drawing on best international practice, it concludes with recommendations of how to better support Bahraini nursing students' first-year experience of transnational education, which may be usefully applied to other international contexts providing transnational nursing education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nurses as faculty teaching undergraduate students, require a diversity of skills to ensure that students engage in achieving the desired qualification. While it is anticipated that students have a degree of motivation to reach this goal, their varied backgrounds often mean they require additional support to assist them to engage with the learning process. It is anticipated that the tertiary institution or learning environment will have strategies to support the student from a broader perspective, but much of the engagement relies on the skill and knowledge of the nurse faculty. This discussion paper aims to promote an understanding of student engagement and argues that using aspects of therapeutic engagement can support nurse faculty to enhance the students' learning experience. Key concepts from both student and therapeutic engagement will be reviewed to provide implications, particularly for novice nurse faculty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empathy development is an integral aspect of nurse education in several countries. Empathy supports person-centred care provision by aiding effective communication and promoting feelings of wellbeing by helping people feel understood. The development of empathy in nursing students is best facilitated through experiential learning and reflective practice, although to date, there are no reflective models specifically designed for this purpose. It is the aim of this paper to present a model designed to promote reflection on the development of empathy. The authors have developed an approach to empathic reflection based on the philosophy of Edith Stein. In this paper we outline the Empathic Reflection model which emphasises the need for educator support and an appreciative approach. We then present a narrative example of the model in action in an acute care setting. We have developed a three-stage model to support experiential learning about the development of empathy for nursing students. This discussion paper explores an interesting area for future nursing research about empathy development through experiential learning and reflective practice. Educators can contribute to the promotion of empathy by working in partnership with students to explore previously held beliefs which might act as barriers to empathic care provision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Peer mentoring (PM) builds connections and promotes academic excellence by supporting students transitioning into higher education. PM programs in nursing have also been reported to nurture nursing students' professional identities. Nursing students help their peers understand, critique, and resolve professional identity questions that arise throughout their undergraduate preparation. While a current PM committee within a Faculty of Nursing has successfully engaged the student body, it remains to be an untapped resource. Students with similar experiences can offer support regarding academics and provide valuable insight regarding the demands of the profession. An opportunity exists for peer mentors, mentees, and faculty members to become co-inquirers in exploring the nature of nursing and influence teaching and learning experiences in higher education. With students as drivers, PM has the potential to create a self-sustaining environment where strengthened and genuine student-teacher connections are privileged.

The growing complexity of online education requires instructors to be more knowledgeable, techsavvy, and student-centered. With these skills, instructors can perform the difficult task of capturing and sustaining student engagement within Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs). In addition to the stress of creating a dynamic online class, the COVID-19 pandemic has added another level of difficulty and stress to facilitating healthy online learning environments. This innovative methodology paper will study the insightful adult learning theory of Malcolm Knowles as it relates to Master of Science of Nursing (MSN) students. It will also examine current and emerging online learning management systems (LMS), learning platforms, and methodologies. The population of the study consisted of students from a broad demographic at the MSN core curriculum studies for Nurse Practitioner, Nurse Educator, Nurse Leader, IT, and Healthcare Quality Programs. The aim of this study is to identify the effect instructors have on students' stress levels and students' capacity to succeed in dynamic online learning environments. The impact of instructor pressure and stress on students is considerable, and this stress not only creates toxic learning environments for both students and instructors but is detrimental to student success. I will review mindfulness, and the Christian values of kindness, grace, and mercy in consideration of the online student and their effect on stress in the instructor-student relationship. I will further evaluate my experiences in addressing student stressors by these Christian values and explain how these behaviors can change an educational experience. My hypothesis is that online HEI instructors can decrease classroom stress and increase engagement by employing Christian values to facilitate productive interactions with students, thus improving their learning no matter what the LMS.

Background: Indonesia is home to approximately 400 active volcanoes located on three different tectonic plates, which put it at risk of natural disasters. Accordingly, healthcare in emergencies and disasters is of great importance in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed at describing nursing students' experiences of nursing education in disaster nursing in a university in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: This qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach was conducted by semi-structured interviews with eight nursing students from a university in Indonesia. Results: One category, namely, "Being prepared for a natural disaster", and three subcategories, namely, "Feeling prepared in nursing", "Managing limitations in nursing education" and "Managing uncertainty in nursing", were identified. Nursing students considered that theory in disaster nursing was valuable; however, they lacked reality-based education to feel be prepared to perform the required tasks as forthcoming nurses. Conclusion: Increased and repeated practical training using case studies in nursing education is important for improving nursing students' preparedness in disaster nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Extensive application of radioactive materials to medical and military purposes justifies the necessity of training military nurse students regarding the management of radiation injury. The current study aimed at comparing the effect of two methods (lecture and webbased) of training on the management of radiation-injured patients among military nurse students from 2013 to 2014. Materials and Methods: The current semi-experimental study was conducted on 60 military nursing students in two military nursing schools in Tehran, Iran selected purposively. Subjects of the study were divided into two groups of 30 as lecture and web-based teaching. The effect of education was measured on three levels of knowledge, comprehension, and application; before, immediately after, and four weeks after completion of teaching. The data were analyzed with SPSS software version 21, using Repeated Measures (RM)-ANOVA and t-test. Results: Mean and standard deviation of scores in all learning levels (knowledge, comprehension, and application) in both groups had a significant difference between before and after the intervention (P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in the total mean scores of the two groups before intervention. In the post-test, immediately after training, mean scores of the web-based group had a greater increase, but no significant difference was observed (P=0.12). In the retention stage (four weeks after training), it was observed that the lecture-based method was more effective (P=0.01). Conclusion: According to the obtained results, learning increased in both methods . Therefore, it is recommended to use the combined teaching method to educate nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim A discussion of the concepts of leadership and emotional intelligence in nursing and midwifery education and practice. Background The need for emotionally intelligent leadership in the health professions is acknowledged internationally throughout the nursing and midwifery literature. The concepts of emotional intelligence and emotional-social intelligence have emerged as important factors for effective leadership in the healthcare professions and require further exploration and discussion. This paper will explore these concepts and discuss their importance in the healthcare setting with reference to current practices in the UK, Ireland and internationally. Design Discussion paper. Data sources A search of published evidence from 1990-2015 using key words (as outlined below) was undertaken from which relevant sources were selected to build an informed discussion. Implications for nursing/midwifery Fostering emotionally intelligent leadership in nursing and midwifery supports the provision of high quality and compassionate care. Globally, leadership has important implications for all stakeholders in the healthcare professions with responsibility for maintaining high standards of care. This includes all grades of nurses and midwives, students entering the professions, managerial staff, academics and policy makers. Conclusion This paper discusses the conceptual models of leadership and emotional intelligence and demonstrates an important link between the two. Further robust studies are required for ongoing evaluation of the different models of emotional intelligence and their link with effective leadership behaviour in the healthcare field internationally. This is of particular significance for professional undergraduate education to promote ongoing compassionate, safe and high quality standards of care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore a cohort of mental health nurses' views and experiences in developing and applying critical appraisal of research skills to identify helping and hindering factors. In accordance with evidence-based practice principles, there is an expectation that student (mental health) nurses will become competent in understanding research to make judgements about its trustworthiness and applicability in the clinical setting. This process is termed the 'critical appraisal of research' and it is deemed important to healthcare professionals because it facilitates the use of evidence from research to underpin practice. The study incorporated qualitative secondary research using thematic analysis and a poststructural lens. Following undertaking a module including tuition on the critical appraisal of research, a cohort of student mental health nurses' submitted essay reflections focusing on critical appraisal experiences were thematically analysed. The thematic analysis included both deductive and inductive components in adjunct to a poststructuralist analysis to explore influencing factors of language, meaning and subjectivity. The study identified there are both pedagogical factors and wider societal considerations influencing the critical appraisal of research experiences. Psychological and emotional factors, incorporating anxiety components were identified as a key barrier to engagement and understanding which has not previously been identified in comparable research. Enablers to the understanding and application of critical appraisal skills were identified as peer learning, accessing academic supervision, gaining a satisfaction of personal learning and self-directed learning with library skills support. The findings indicate that there are specific pedagogic considerations which can be applied when supporting mental health student nurses in developing and gaining skills in the critical appraisal of research. It is recommended that these are applied universally for nursing students and considered for other populations of healthcare students. • A key barrier to critical appraisal comprehension included anxiety experiences. • Satisfaction with learning promoted growth in knowledge. • Accessing academic supervision was perceived to enable progression immediately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bidet toilets (electric toilet seats with water spray) are increasing in popularity worldwide. However, the extent of reduction of microbial contamination of the hands with the use of bidet toilets after defecation is unclear. Microbe contamination of the hands with and without the use of bidet toilets after defecation was examined in 32 nursing students. Double gloves were worn on the dominant hand and four layers of toilet paper were used to wipe the buttocks after defecation, and microbe contamination of the second glove (outer glove) of the double gloves was examined. The volunteers were free to select the flow volume, wash time of the bidet, and the type of bidet. Without the use of a bidet toilet, the average value+standard deviation of the number of microbes attached to the gloves was 39,499.3+77,768.3 colony forming units (cfu)/glove; however, it was 4,146.9+11,427.7 cfu/glove when the bidet toilet was used. The number of microbes adhering to gloves was significantly reduced when a bidet toilet was used (p,0.00001, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Qualitative data analysis has been criticised for a lack of credibility over recent years when vagueness has been afforded to the reporting of how findings are attained. In response, there has been a growing body of literature emphasising a need to detail methods of qualitative data analysis. This paper adds to this body of knowledge by presenting a reflexive narrative review of the development of a modified version of the 'phenomenological hermeneutical method for interpreting interview texts'. This modification permits greater transparency when dealing with data that relates to multiple contexts. A visual model to represent this modified approach is also presented. Additionally, an exploration of the underpinning theoretical basis to this data analysis method, and modification, is provided. Accordingly, this paper demonstrates this modified qualitative data analysis method ensures that subjective relativistic origins and contexts of interpretations are identifiable, whilst permitting full objectification of the text.

Aims This paper discusses the application of transformational leadership to the teaching and learning of safe medication management. Background The prevalence of adverse drug events ( ADEs) and medication-related hospitalisations (one hundred thousand each year in the USA) are of concern. Evaluation This discussion is based on a narrative literature review and scrutiny of international nursing research to synthesise pedagogical strategies for the application of transformational leadership to teaching medication safety. Key issues The four elements relating transformational leadership to medication safety education are: 'Idealised influence' or role modelling, both actual and exemplary, 'Inspirational motivation' providing students with commitment to medication safety, 'Intellectual stimulation' encouraging students to value improvement and change, and 'Individualised consideration' of individual students' educational goals, practice development and patient outcomes. The model lends itself to experiential learning and a case-study approach to teaching, offering an opportunity to reduce nursing's theory-practice gap. Conclusion Transformational leadership for medication safety education is characterised by a focus on the role of nurse educators and mentors in the development of students' abilities, creation of a supportive culture, and enhancement of students' creativity, motivation and ethical behaviour. This will prepare nursing graduates with the competencies necessary to be diligent about medication safety and the prevention of errors. Implications for nursing management Teaching medication safety through transformational leadership requires the close collaboration of educators, managers and policy makers. Investigation of strategies to reduced medication errors and consequent patient harm should include exploration of the application of transformational leadership to education and its impact on the number and severity of medication errors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students desire free textbooks that incorporate multimedia and interactive experiences. Although there is an increased production of e-textbooks, these resources tend to replicate hard copy books and do not take advantage of the functions that technology offers. There is also a shift to creating e-textbooks that are considered open educational resources. A team of nursing educators and a nursing student created an interactive open educational resource e-textbook in vital sign measurement that was implemented within the curriculum of post-secondary health-related programmes. The goal of this paper is to report the study findings which sought to explore healthcare students' experiences of using this open educational resource. Three discipline-specific focus groups were conducted with a convenience sample of 29 students. Using a qualitative thematic analysis, six interconnected themes describing students' use of this resource were identified: (a) This Generation's Learner, (b) Vital Signs Open Educational Resource influence, (c) Accessibility, (d) Convenience, (e) Design, and (f) Visual and Other Types of Learning Styles. Participants were positive about using the open educational resource to learn vital sign skills. Our study findings provide a foundation for e-textbook design standards that support student learning.

This study was conducted to discover what nursing students experience during their first impressions regarding the operating room and describe the feelings and thoughts they feel. Qualitative research study design. It included 32 students who were having their first internships at the operating room. The in-depth interviews conducted with the participants lasted for about 30-45 minutes. Five themes explaining the phenomenon of being a student at the operating room were determined. By in vivo coding, the expression of "waiting like a robot" by a male student was determined as a theme label and it received 73 references. The other four themes were as follows: "Interpersonal and environmental factors: supportive (f = 282), preventive (f = 275)", "live observation (f = 97)" "permanent learning involving knowledge, skill, behavior and value (f = 155)" and "recommendations for a prepared process (f = 109)". The results reflected the factors affecting learning at the operating room and clues regarding a contextual structure in terms of providing a clinically feasible environment. Internship experience in the operating room offers to develop students' critical practice skills. Knowledge, skills and values can be better understood through live testimony in the operating room. [This study was presented at the 3rd International & 11th National Congress of Turkish Surgical and Operating Room Nurses on October 3-6, 2019.]

These past few years society has experienced a worldwide pandemic that has affected every aspect of our lives. COVID-19 has forced institutions to integrate remote learning tools and techniques, even when most lack of resources to implement online methodologies. Education has been one of the areas greatly affected by these measures, making it compulsory to invest in new educational technologies to survive and succeed in a new normality scenario. The use of Virtual Reality has emerged as a great alternative thanks to the immersive aspects and practical experiences, but the question remains the same: What is the advantage of using virtual reality in the new normality we live in today? In this paper, a case study is presented to analyze the use of VR technologies to learn healthcare techniques recreating a preclinical VR scene that mimics a real life scenario for practices. This tool was used by students of the nursing degree at the University of Oviedo, who were able to take home the VR sets and carry out the practical assignments with the non-presence of an instructor. Several indicators are assessed and analysed using data gathered from the app, such as satisfaction, usability and learning factors, specifically designed for this study. With all results provided, this study shows that VR is a valid approach for online distance learning which does not have a negative effect in the acquisition of knowledge by the students, although an initial training on VR usage might be useful to consider in future research.

This paper examines nursing students' experiences of the teaching and assessment of numeracy for nursing. Data from interviews with eight student nurses at a large school of nursing in the United Kingdom are analysed using a constructivist grounded theory approach to explore their perceptions of any disjunctures between the ways in which numeracy is taught and assessed in universities and the broader context in which calculations are carried out by nurses in practice. This paper makes an original contribution through providing an in-depth qualitative exploration of how these disjunctures may arise and hence proposes a change to the focus of numeracy courses and assessments which may begin to resolve some of these tensions.