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Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan parasite and probably one of the main causes of adverse birth outcomes. Still, there is a paucity of information regarding the burden of T. vaginalis infection in Iranian women. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on trichomoniasis among females in Iran from January 2000 to January 2023. We searched multiple electronic databases (PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, ProQuest, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scientific Information Database, Iran Medex, Magiran and Iran Doc) and identified 108 articles with a total of 200 728 women. Using a random effects model, we found a pooled prevalence of 4.30% (95% CI 3.23 to 5.52%). Subgroup analysis, also, demonstrated a statistically significant association between the T. vaginalis prevalence in Iranian women, and the age range, city, sample type, being in prison, sex working and symptomatic infections. Our findings provide important information for healthcare authorities and can inform prevention strategies against trichomoniasis in Iran. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, knowing the risks of stochastic effects of radiation, patient dose in diagnostic radiology is taken in to consideration extensively. Many countries and international organization, including International Commission on Radiological Protection, use quantities such as dose area product, entrance surface dose, etc. in radiological investigations, which serve as a guide for patient dose reduction. The concept of diagnostic reference level (DRL) is used to optimizing the dose of patients undergoing diagnostic radiology examinations. The present study aimed to review the studies on the DRLs in Iran. This study was conducted to review the status of patient dose in diagnostic radiology in Iran. A comprehensive literature search was performed without time constraints in the popular databases such as Google Scholar, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Irandoc, Iran Medex, Magiran and Scientific Information Database under the key words 'Entrance Surface Dose', 'dose area product, 'diagnostic reference level' and 'DRL' in Iran. Data on the radiation dose to patients has demonstrated further reductions in patient doses in the Iran. Considering advanced techniques and dose reduction methodologies complicates comparability between studies. Joint efforts of experts in the field of radiological protection and medical imaging and training program are necessary for achieving an acceptable condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is associated with higher mortality and morbidity in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH). Methods We aimed to characterize the epidemiology and factors associated with HCV coinfection among PWH in Iran. In this systematic review, we searched 3 English databases (MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Embase) and 2 Farsi databases (Scientific Information Database and Magiran) for studies that measured the prevalence of HCV coinfection among PWH, published between 2000 and January 1, 2021. We included studies with a minimum sample size of 5 PWH. Reviews, editorials, conference abstracts, theses, studies with no relevant data, and unclear serological assays were excluded. Results We summarized the HCV coinfection prevalence by random-effect meta-analysis and assessed the sources of heterogeneity by a meta-regression model. Of the 858 records identified, 69 eligible studies with 12 996 PWH were included. Overall, HCV coinfection prevalence was 64% (95% confidence interval [CI], 58–69). The prevalence was higher among older (mean age ≥35 years) PWH (69%; 95% CI, 64–74) and PWH who inject drugs (77%; 95% CI, 71–82). Furthermore, we found that coinfection was higher among studies conducted between 2000 and 2014 (67%; 95% CI, 59–75) versus 2015–2020 (57%; 95% CI, 50–64). Conclusions The prevalence of HCV coinfection is high in Iranian PWH, with significant geographical variations. Hepatitis C virus screening and treatment among PWH are warranted to avoid the future burden of HCV-related liver damage, cancer, and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]