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The study of the "Circe" episode of Ulysses has been underserved with regard to one of its most significant sources, the sadomasochistic magazine Bits of Fun, which has never been fully examined. This source is followed more closely by Joyce in the novel's Bella/Bello scene than has been realized, as well as in the "Ithaca" episode and Finnegans Wake. The exact issues that Joyce used have not yet been correctly identified, and the "Circe" notesheets have consequently been misdated. Joyce drew on Bits of Fun not only for his theme of forced feminization in this episode, but also for more extreme details of bondage and torture, including even cannibalism and slavery. Based on this source, the text of Joyce's early draft material in both his "Circe" notesheets and Ulysses notebooks should be emended in several places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Late in his artistic and scholarly career, W.G. Sebald decided to eschew then-emergent modes of computational media in favor of analogue production techniques. Sebald himself often remarked on his encounters with media, both new and old, expressing a consistent interest in the materiality of writing. In his own artistic practice, he preferred the process of handwriting to what he called the tyranny of "PC Perfectionism." Scenes of writing, and the technologies of pen, paper, and pencil, appear regularly throughout Sebald's corpus, especially in The Rings of Saturn (1995) and Austerlitz (2001). These elegiac encounters with residual technologies informed Sebald's literary aesthetic. The novel Austerlitz, in particular, foregrounds media history and the evolution of modes of writerly work. In this novel, written in the shadow of new modes of digital writing that were becoming ubiquitous at the end of the twentieth century, Sebald's poetics of media obsolescence emerges as key preoccupation in his aesthetic project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, we present the results of two lexicometric analyses performed on a digitalized version of Charles S. Peirce's Collected Papers. We calculated the most frequently cited terms in the corpus and its most overrepresented terms, as compared with a sample of the Corpus of Historical American. Combining both analyses allowed us to produce a shorter list of the "most important terms" of the Collected Papers , deemed to be distinctive of Peirce's philosophical interests. One of the most significant findings is the quantitative evidence that Peirce's work is primarily concerned with truth and propositions. We suggest that such statistical analyses offer an interesting overview of Peirce's philosophical interests in an unprecedented way. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1981, Indiana University's Lilly Library acquired 1,200 cartons of papers from the office of outgoing Indiana senator Birch Bayh. Kate Cruikshank, Political Papers Specialist at Indiana University Libraries, describes the long and complicated process whereby library staff organized the files into the Birch Bayh Senatorial Papers, now part of the Modern Political Papers collection at Indiana University, Bloomington. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the Digitale Edition von Quellen zur habsburgisch-osmanischen Diplomatie 1500-1918 (Qhod), a digital editing project created in 2020 at the Institute for Habsburg and Balkan Studies of the Austrian Academy of Sciences to research and digitally edit sources of the diplomatic contacts between Vienna and Istanbul, Turkey beginning in the 1490s. Topics include the launch of the project website, the first group of primary sources and execution of Qhod transcriptions.

In 1981, Indiana University's Lilly Library acquired 1,200 cartons of papers from the office of outgoing Indiana senator Birch Bayh. Kate Cruikshank, Political Papers Specialist at Indiana University Libraries, describes the long and complicated process whereby library staff organized the files into the Birch Bayh Senatorial Papers, now part of the Modern Political Papers collection at Indiana University, Bloomington. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay argues that George Gissing's novel New Grub Street (1891)—long noted for its powerful, if gloomy, representation of late-Victorian authorship and publishing—not only presupposes but also critically incorporates the era's epochal transition from rag paper to paper made from harvested esparto grass and wood pulp. In Gissing's treatment of industrialized publishing, the trade in printed writing takes on central features of the thriving paper industry carefully placed in the novel's background, including its linking of overproduction via inexpensive inputs to the specter of wholesale devastation. Reading New Grub Street as a novel on paper draws our attention to the resource ecologies and even the natural histories of late-nineteenth-century authorship, media, and print capitalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fan media practices, shaped by the advent of commercial narrative cinema in the 1910s, owe much to young female audiences. However, in-depth knowledge of these early fan communities is slim, having gone largely unexamined by silent-film historians. Focused on paper-based scrapbooks, tutorials, and correspondence crafted by movie-loving girls coming of age in North America during World War I, this article traces the tensile relationship established between a burgeoning male-presided film industry and the first demographic to be culturally addressed as "adolescent" and "screen-struck." By privileging first-person accounts of girl-led movie collectives from assorted walks of life, I introduce a richly diverse, if mostly unknown, reception archive that showcases the formative modes of spectatorial engagement, consumer participation, peer belonging, and affective subversiveness engendered by an audience historically deemed negligible or unproductive. Reading personal fan objects in tandem with newspaper articles urging girls to reuse film ephemera also reveals that the outbreak of World War I recalibrated how moviegoers and the US press conceived of appropriate film fandom and useful female labor. Visible and valuable due to their passionate attachment to the pictures, young female audiences came to be recruited to participate in war-relief efforts, their paper crafts and domestic upcycling contributing to the nationwide debate on resource scarcity, public female agency, and the decline of western civilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reads Kopano Matlwa's debut novel, Coconut , as a critical reflection on the incomplete work of social, economic, and juridical inclusion. It outlines inconclusive episodes in the lives of two young black women: Ofilwe, a member of a rarified upper middle class, and Fikile, ensnared in grinding poverty. Drawing on Denise Ferreira Da Silva and Calvin Warren, the paper shows how Matlwa addresses the uncritical embrace of this racist and historically oppressive discourse among nominally free blacks, both among enduringly destitute slum dwellers and the emergent nouveau riche. In the novel, social death comes in the form of internalized anti-blackness as the two young black women featured in the novel doggedly pursue white identities as a means for successful existence in postapartheid South Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay reflects upon what happens to the aspirational aesthetic/ethical quality of the fino —with its multiple connotations, ranging from refinement, smoothness, fairness (in color), purity, correctness, education, spiritual goodness, nobility, generosity, glamour, criollo- ness, modesty and demureness, to homosexuality, sexual repression, prudishness, pickiness, favoring of foreign ways, and snobbism—during the Cuban revolution by examining select cultural productions from 1966 to the present. Taking Pedro Manuel González Reinoso's "Roxy the Red," a Sovietized Cuban drag libretto, as a point of departure for its characterization of a popular Cuban perception of a "lack" within Soviet aesthetics, this essay then outlines a possible route of the fino through the pre-revolutionary universe of José Lezama Lima's Paradiso (1966); a "transition" evidenced in Guillermo Cabrera Infante's Tres Tristes Tigres (1967) and Tomás Gutiérrez Alea's feature Memorias de subdesarrollo (Memories of Underdevelopment, 1968); into the Soviet Cuban artistic landscape of Enrique Colina's documentaries, primarily Estética (1984), Chapucerías (1987); and even in the twenty-first century within Arturo Infante's short Utopía (2004), Colina's Los "bolos" en Cuba y una eterna amistad (The Russians in Cuba and an Eternal Friendship, 2011), José Manuel Prieto's Encyclopedia of a Life in Russia (2012), and Gertrudis Rivalta's artistic mock-ups that she began to construct in 2011. Suggesting ways that the very revolution did not abandon this category, but rather adopted it to its end, this essay shows, moreover, how the quest for a certain kind of "harmony" between internal and external composure can be, at times, liberating and, other times, repressive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Should climate activists be optimistic or pessimistic about the climate crisis and their efforts to confront it? This paper analyses common narratives in the climate movement through the lens of the philosophical traditions of optimism and pessimism, arguing for three points. Firstly, most dominant narratives within the climate movement resemble philosophical optimism through their commitment to political progress and inherent value of climate action. Secondly, optimistic narratives within the climate movement should be rejected, as climate optimism places an overwhelming mental burden on climate activists and drives the climate movement towards bad responses to the inefficacy problem. Finally, the paper sketches pessimism as a better framework that can act as a moral source for climate activists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geoffrey Nyarota, a Zimbabwean journalist of note, is renowned for his investigative journalistic skills and numerous conflicts with political authorities. He is probably the most hired and fired newspaper editor in post independence Zimbabwe. In this paper, I put forward the argument that in his memoir, Nyarota uses historical recurrence as a motif and narrative strategy to recreate a personal life story that is fraught with events that keep repeating themselves in his life. By tracing his life story from the colonial period to post independence Zimbabwe, and the near tragic events that continually trouble his life, Nyarota reconstructs a life narrative that is haunted by the curse of historical recurrence in a way that makes a personal curse become the curse of the nation of Zimbabwe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the papers presented during the 2017 NAVSA Conferenec held in Banff, Alberta, which focus on the problem of futurity. It discusses the late-Victorian time travel narratives by Sara C. Alexander, the topos of stopped time in two late-Victorian Gothic narratives "The Beetle," by Richard Marsh and "Dracula," by Bram Stoker, and literary works that seek to complicate ecocriticism with insights drawn from queer theory.

When Rokhl Korn settled in Montreal in 1948, the period she called her 'years of wandering' (na vʾnod yorn)finally came to an end. Yet a profound sense of dislocation marks the poetry she produced in this postwar urban setting, where a declining Yiddish culture formed a 'third solitude' bounded on either side by Quebec's hostile Anglo-Protestant and French-Catholic communities. The lush natural description and images of Polish-Jewish harmony of Korn's prewar poetry were replaced in her postwar poetry by somber symbolism, in which the recurring motif of white paper signifies the futile attempt to recreate a vanished world. Tracing the imagistic shift in Korn's writing from thriving trees to lifeless paper, this essay explores what Korn regarded as the transformation of Yiddish from an organic, indigenous aspect of interwar Poland to an uprooted, moribund refugee language within a culturally divided urban space. The essay thus sheds light on an underexplored Yiddish woman poet while expanding the dominant narrative of American Yiddish literature to include the unique experience of Holocaust refugees in Montreal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article details a major digitization and access project to make Variety's run from 1905 to 1940 freely available online. It uses multiple quantitative research methods-- including distant-reading practices of the Digital Humanities and quantitative content analysis--to argue that Variety's decisions about when and how to cover the film and radio industries need to be understood as a series of specific internal strategies made in relation to a dynamic business environment. Situating the project's digitization of Variety as a form of philology, the authors argue that corpus digitization should be considered a scholarly practice, not simply a technical one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A brief introduction to the papers presented at a conference held at Vanderbilt University in the Fall of 2023, called "John Lachs and American Philosophy," organized by the Philosophy Department and the College of Arts and Sciences. The symposium includes papers by Herman Saatkamp, John Stuhr, Eric Weber, and Chris Skowroński. It is followed by a response from John Lachs written down by Michael Hodges based on conversations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A personal narrative is presented which explores the author's experience of celebrating the panayir fair in Istanbul, Turkey.

This paper is the first to identify and conceptualize theological notions in contemporary rabbinic discourse which serve to undermine the advancement of women's rights and curtail the integration of feminist notions and norms into religious Zionist society in Israel. Our analysis identifies five discursive moves that serve as broad theological obstacles, providing religious grounding for the current illiberal hostility to feminism in Israel. The primary axes of backlash in rabbinic discourse are: "sacrifice," "the slippery slope," "gender essentialism," "normalcy" or "family values," and "nationalism". We argue that the emergence of these specific critiques at this time is tied to their role as oppositional narratives that counter the rising prominence of religious Zionist feminism. We examine this case in light of local and global trends such as "anti-gender ideologies," thereby contributing to the burgeoning literature on the rise of illiberal cultural and political forces in Western countries and emphasizing the roles played by religious ideologies, leaders and discourses in shaping and legitimizing an anti-feminist backlash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced controversies, and its mode of concrete social existence is strongly assembled in multiple ways of world-making that mobilize particular human-non-human relations. This paper analyzes the ways in which the people of the Andean valleys of northwestern Argentina understand and live the pandemic, in the partial coexistence of ways of understanding the body, the person, and wellbeing. On the one hand, we identify the so-called traditional way of life, which implies a relational sociality; on the other hand, the Pentecostal way of life, which promotes an interpretative current under an apocalyptic key. In sum, we are interested in thinking about the coexistence and assembly between ways of living suffering and well-being in the context of the pandemic, associated with expanded and relational socialities and with ways of imagining and living the "end of the world" as a specific manifestation of the Pentecostal tradition. Thus, the article proposes to overcome the perspective of COVID-19 as a given and universal phenomenon that produces different interpretations or cultural fictions, and consider it as a component in a wide network of human and non-human agencies, forming a scenario of epistemic plurality. Resumen: La pandemia de COVID-19 ha producido controversias variadas y su modo de existencia social se encuentra fuertemente ensamblado en múltiples formas de hacer mundo que movilizan particulares relaciones entre humanos-no humanos. Este trabajo analiza los modos en que la gente de los valles andinos del noroeste argentino entiende y vive la pandemia, teniendo en cuenta las formas de entender el cuerpo, la persona y el bienestar. Considera tanto el modo de vida identificado como tradicional, que implica una socialidad relacional, y el del pentecostalismo, que fomenta una corriente interpretativa bajo una clave apocalíptica. En suma, se propone pensar la convivencia y ensamblaje entre formas de vivir el padecimiento y el bienestar en el contexto de la pandemia, asociados con socialidades ampliadas y relacionales y con modos de imaginar y vivir el "fin del mundo" como manifestación específica de la tradición pentecostal. De este modo, se entiende al COVID-19 más que como un fenómeno dado y universal que produce diferentes interpretaciones o ficciones culturales, como un componente en una red amplia de agenciamientos entre humanos y no humanos, conformando un escenario de pluralidad epistémica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deploys an anthropological concept of "theopolitics" to reflect on the political work done and undone by the action of grace during a dam conflict in the Aysén region of Chilean Patagonia. Exploring procedural affinities between the state's instruments for regulating environmental conflict and theories of assemblage that trace relations to overcome Western ontologies, I suggest that their convergent demand for relations to be rendered visible as the condition of environmental justice violated the ethic of gratuity through which Ayseninos participate in collective life on the Patagonian frontier. Instead of arguing for a better capture of grace within accounts of sociality, I suggest that researchers accompanying anti-extractive struggles should attend to how untraceable but nonetheless highly effective forces like grace convene coalitions for environmental justice and thus to the theopolitical conditions of staging challenges to the state and capital in Latin America. Resumen: Este trabajo antropológico conceptualiza la "teopolítica" para investigar la acción de la gracia en un conflicto de represas en la región patagónica de Aysén, Chile. Yuxtaposicionando los procedimientos del estado chileno para regular los conflictos ambientales con teorías de ensamblaje que rastrean relaciones para representar ontologías alternativas a la occidental, sugiero que su convergencia en condicionar la justicia ambiental en la visibilización de las relaciones viola la ética de gratuidad con la cual participan los ayseninos en la vida colectiva de la frontera patagónica. En lugar de abogar por una mejor captura de la gracia, propongo que los investigadores que acompañan las luchas antiextractivas latinoamericanas presten más atención la participación de fuerzas no rastreables pero no obstante muy eficaces, como la gracia, en convocar movimientos para la justicia ambiental y, así mismo, a las condiciones teopolíticas de los desafíos al estado y al capital en Latinoamerica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I consider whether Mars and its associated environments qualify as wilderness for, if they do, then reasons pertaining to wilderness value and wilderness protection thereby extend beyond Earth. Through a critique, modification, and subsequent application of Mark Woods's (2017) wilderness ethic, conceiving of wilderness as an untrammeled, significant location of the value-adding properties of being natural, wild, and free, I argue that Mars, in qualifying as wilderness, ought to be protected as such. In response to this conclusion, I then consider a planetary park proposal put forth by Charles S. Cockell and Gerda Horneck (2004, 2006). Finding their proposal insufficient, I propose further parks and conditions for drawing boundaries, as well as explicate ways in which the preservation of wilderness values on Mars may constrain the construction of future settlements or scientific research outposts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of these interviews is to explore the development of Muslim philanthropy in Brazil as well as the role of dawah and its relation to philanthropy. The interviews deal with specific terms such as zakat, fitra, sadaqah, and waqf to explore how they are interpreted and applied in Latin American contexts. The interviews were conducted with the person in charge of Centro de Divulgação do Islam para América Latina (CDIAL, Center for the Promotion of Islam in Latin America) and the director of affairs at Al-Madina School in São Bernardo, São Paulo, Brazil. This paper also provides some perspective on how the Brazilian government provides facilities for Islamic institutions, the way Muslim nonprofit organizations spend their zakat, and how they manage to help others in Brazilian civil society. Both through interviews and the author's personal involvement, this paper offers multiple first-person accounts of Muslim philanthropy in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the creation of a feminine, untimely relationship to history in two late Victorian ghost stories, Vernon Lee's "Oke of Okehurst" (1886) and E. Nesbit's "Man-Size in Marble" (1887). Nineteenth-century ghost stories, I argue, perform a radical mode of historical thinking and narration, one that rebukes conventional linear time and empiricist historicism. As ambassadors from the past, these literary ghosts confirm the doctrine of historical continuity while simultaneously undercutting it through their subversion of the orthodox frame narrative. Lee's and Nesbit's female protagonists exploit the anachronistic potential of ghostliness, shattering their husbands' deterministic mode of nationalist historical reasoning. In this way, this paper refigures the genre as more than an antiquated diversion from the realist fiction of the period, revealing the ghost story's serious intervention in conventional historical imaginaries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the relationship between the past, present, and future in Victorian literature. The author analyzes three papers that explore how nineteenth-century texts, such as Charles Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities and Joseph Conrad's Nostromo, navigate complex temporalities and address themes of violence and historical amnesia. The papers highlight concepts such as foreshadowing, anachronism, amnesia, and bridging to understand how the past influences the present and shapes the future. The author emphasizes the importance of considering these temporal complexities in Victorian scholarship and engaging with the violent past and uncertain future. [Extracted from the article]

Focusing more on governance and democratic potential than financial potential, this paper explores how pluralism of digital money and polycentric governance may provide an opportunity to embed values that might otherwise be overlooked or not valued in market societies. Digital money affords diverse forms of democratic experimentation with institutional and technological designs to effect distributive and political transformations for marginalized communities. Examining two case studies, including digital fiat currency that has the privacy-preserving features of cash and promotes financial inclusion and digital money built by and for stateless populations utilizing blockchain technology, the paper argues that pluralism of digital currencies using public and notfor-profit institutional architectures to serve diverse publics' interests has more democratic potential than forms of digital money driven by profit and extractive motives. To effectuate this democratic potential, however, attention must be paid to the tensions of digital exclusion and governance by experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the evolution of new polymers and an increase in their scope of applications, the use of natural resources such as petroleum products for polymer production has seen a drastic increase in the past few years. With production rates higher than ever and rapid, unsafe disposal of used polymers has taken a toll on the environment and other species through pollution. Even though there are alternative solutions, including bioplastics manufactured from greener sources and biodegradable plastics that can disintegrate in a shorter time period, these alternatives are currently in their early stages and hence expensive. It is also more challenging for them to meet the high demands in terms of both quantity and properties. The next nearest alternative, recycling, is the best available solution to avoid plastic waste entering landfills and to reduce raw material demands. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of a newly introduced styrene–ethylene–butadiene block copolymer (SEBS)-based property enhancer (WinMod 300) with disposed high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and a maleic anhydride-grafted SEBS compatibilizer (WinMod 110) with disposed multilayer films (low-density polyethylene and polyester layers). Recycled compounds were tested for necessary and significant mechanical properties and subjected to material characterization, and the results are presented in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, I situate C.S. Peirce's theory of knowledge and action in comparison to Chinese philosophy. My argument is that the comparison makes it important to understand Peirce's abduction and his maxim as a much more potent force in comparative philosophy. Peirce's priority of practical effects over theory is similar to Confucian conceptions of truth and action. Jon Alan Schmidt has summarized sixty-one formulations of Peirce's maxim, from which I draw the four main expressions of the maxim here. According to Peirce, understanding the meaning of concepts in terms of actual effects is the core element of the maxim. This view can be seen as an echo in Wang Yangming's theory of the unity of knowledge and action. The theory is essentially a moral humanist philosophy. It integrates morality, ethics, and politics. It is similar to Peirce's pragmatic maxim, as James Liszka has explained. Finally, reflecting on the recent studies of Peirce's semiotics in China, I discuss the significance of Peirce's pragmatism in Chinese philosophy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the country achieved statehood in 1971, the United Arab Emirates' propulsion into modernity has witnessed the steep growth of the third sector (MOCD, 2019). The UAE's global economic outlook has also attracted numerous third sector organizations (TSOs) to establish chapters in the UAE (International Humanitarian City, 2020). While the TSOs established in the UAE serve a wide array of public purposes, a large proportion of them were grounded in charitable work. Although the third sector has been steadily growing in the UAE, literary efforts to document this sector were not found in the literature. This paper aims at presenting a preliminary understanding of the current status of TSOs in the UAE. Taking the contextual factors of the UAE into consideration, this paper explores the process of establishing a TSO across various legal frameworks found in the UAE and identifies the differences between them. This paper also includes a classification of TSOs based on their operational roles and a description of their geographical distribution across the UAE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This literary onomastics paper explores character naming in two of Bessie Head's novels, namely, When Rain Clouds Gather and Maru , both set in villages of Botswana. The purpose is to illustrate how the author uses character names to advance her themes and storylines. The paper relies heavily on the lexical transparency of the names from a structural linguistics perspective and on the sociocultural contexts of the names from a sociolinguistics perspective. The analysis reveals that Head's choice of character names is intentional and deliberate, meant to achieve a specific purpose, and this is reflective of the process of names and naming in real life scenarios, particularly in the African context. The names mirror the sociocultural contexts of the characters and in the process reveal their personalities, physical attributes, and the types of relationships they have with other characters. The paper concludes that Head employs a lot of symbolism and irony in naming her characters, powerful features that help to effectively communicate her themes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes as its starting-point observations made by Lindsey Green-Simms in her paper "The Emergent Queer." Following an exploration of the term "emergent," the paper addresses the fact that, as homophobic legislation has become entrenched in the majority of African countries, more and more LGBTQ+-themed writing is emerging from or on the continent. There follows some documentation on the experience of LGBTQ+ writers such as Jude Dibia and Logan February and on the advantages to these writers of expatriation. Turning to the literature itself, coverage of the creative corpus is not comprehensive. The author has not, for example, had a chance to consider the 2013 volume Queer Africa: New and Collected Fiction , edited by Karen Martin and Makhosozana Xaba. But the central task of the paper is not to account for the relevant creative writing, but to focus on the body of critical work that addresses this and on texts that explore the historical and sociological context in which the creative corpus has been produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholarship on George Eliot's 1860s Condition-of-England novel Felix Holt has been divided on whether it signals the racist nativism of its decade or advocates for inclusive, willed national belonging. This paper proposes that it accomplishes both, promoting what I call "willed ethnonationalism." A counterintuitive phrase, willed ethnonationalism captures how Eliot's novel both defines the nation-form against race belonging and encourages modern nationals to perform racial self-identification. I argue that this stance emerged from Eliot's engagement with Ernest Renan's philological career. Recalling how theories of racial-linguistic inheritance influenced a zeitgeist of thinking around constructed nations (epitomized by Renan's 1882 essay on nationalism), I show how mythic ideas about racial roots informed the ostensibly rational form of the nation-state as expressed in late nineteenth-century fiction and essayistic prose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hannah Helena Thon (1886–1954) was born in Germany and settled in Palestine in the early 1920s. She was a pioneer social worker, an activist in women's organizations, a journalist, commentator, and lecturer. Thon's widely disseminated lectures and writings in the Hebrew press won her esteem and influence as an authority on the economic, social, and cultural characteristics of Mizrahi Jews. My analysis of her views is based on her archived articles and private papers, and sheds light on the perception of Mizrahi Jews among Ashkenazi Jews in the Yishuv and its effect the social-ethnic gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On August 18, 2020, after months of popular unrest targeting the increasingly unpopular presidency of Ibrahim Boubacar Keita and rallies coordinated by Imam Mahmoud Dicko, a leading figure of Muslim opposition, a group of colonels from the Kati military base seized power and forced President Keita's resignation. Beetham's (1991a) framing of people's assessment of legitimacy on the basis of rule validity, rather than on the basis of legality, counters the tendency in political science and legal theory to equate legitimacy with legality. "The Rifle, the Quill, the Rosary and the Lineage in Debates over Authority and State Integration of the Kayes Region: Competing Actors and Subjectivities in Debates over Legacies of Slavery and Access to (State) Resources."Paper presented to the workshop "Rifle, Quill, and Rosary: Competing Sources and Corporate Struggles for Political Legitimacy in Mali,". [Extracted from the article]

Should we use modern bioengineering techniques to design species? An instrumentalist account of species' value offers permissive guidance. But what if species exemplify final value? Is it always very good to create new species? Is it always very wrong to blend or modify existing species? In this paper, I argue that both extremes are implausible. However, final value theories struggle to deliver a flexible, moderate treatment of these issues, and so the ethics of designing species presents a challenge for final value theorists. Fortunately, a design-based account of the value of species has the resources to offer plausible, nuanced, context-sensitive guidance on the ethics of designing species. It holds that designing species is sometimes very bad, sometimes quite good, and sometimes neither very good nor very bad. The plausibility of these results lends credibility to the design-based framework, and gives final value theorists reason to prefer the design-based approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The environmental crisis besieges the lives of people in affluent and in underdeveloped countries. Both massive phenomena such as climate change and local problems such as waste disposal locations show the human unbalance with nature. I claim in this paper that anthropocentric responses such as techno-optimism, sustainable development, and future generations are unable to tackle the deep roots of the crisis. We need an approach that looks inside human character and promotes an ethics in balance with the environment that overcomes the limits of moral and political theories. EVE (environmental virtue ethics) is on good track in proposing virtues that focus the human character on nature. However, single virtues are not enough. We need a coherent and all-round account of human character founded on 'reasonableness' as the contemporary heir of Aristotelian phronesis. I claim that reasonableness, once it endorses a biocentric outlook, can guide human choices toward a re-balancing with nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the 1930s, historiography in Turkey underwent a massive shift. Among the primary interests that emerged as part of the new nationalist historical narrative were a fascination with the physical appearance and the language of the ancient Turks. This paper explores one specific connection between these two topics: the influence that racial anthropology exerted over historical linguistics. By using the speeches made at the First and Second Historical Conferences, and those documented from the first three Turkish Language Congresses, I identify the seeds that were sown for a racial linguistics. I track the evolution of arguments for a physiological basis to narratives about language development, and the eventual harvest of a clear view about the importance of skull types for histories of language. The paper ends with a brief look at the fates of those engaged in enunciating a racialist linguistics in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues for actual and legal regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) and facial recognition. These new technologies represent great opportunities to improve the welfare of societies. However, some of their uses can also enhance discrimination and, eventually, lead to violence. From a comparative approach (examining the European Union and Brazil), we address the current and future aspects of facial regulation, AI, and personal data. This paper shows that regulation is relevant to protect the rule of law, free markets, and individual freedoms. It also examines the looming risks unfolding from the unregulated uses of new technologies. Our concept of "Data Necropolitics" defines a predatory form of digital governance that exploits and discriminates against vulnerable populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the curtailment of constitutional rights arising from the implementation of emergency measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic in China's Hubei Province, which was not at all counterbalanced by introducing new forms of due constitutional protection. Likewise, high expectations cannot be set on pre-existing means of constitutional safeguards since the Chinese government clearly refused to establish new or different safeguarding procedures nor did it deem it necessary to establish ad hoc courts in order to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper is laid out as follows: (1) fundamental rights in a contemporary socialist state: an overview; (2) containment measures against COVID-19 and flexibility of constitutional right;. (3) the centrality of governing bodies and restrictions of constitutional rights; (4) territorial governance and centralization of containment measures against COVID-19; (5) between soft law and totalitarian propaganda; and (6) the ubiquity of the Communist Party of China and the "alignment" of judicial functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a model of the continuous structure of Cognition based on several theses proposed by Charles S. Peirce in his youth and in his mature period. In this model, cognitions are discontinuous parts on a continuum and a cognitive process becomes "individually-synthetic," as a hypostatic abstraction from discontinuous transformations of informational fluxes in the continuous course of experience. That is, they are salient regions or neighborhoods on a continuum rather than points, and the relations of succession and precession among them are inferential, fluid, time sensitive, and goal-directed. First, this paper will outline the theses found in the young Peirce's work, which inspire a conception of continuous Cognition. Two questions will be raised regarding such a conception: (1) at what point does a particular act of cognition conclude? and (2) how should we characterize individual cognitions? To address these questions, the paper will later introduce the concept of continuity that Peirce developed in his mature years. The synthetic character of the continuum leads to the formulation of the concepts of neighborhood and synthetic individuality. These notions support the conception of a continuous model of Cognition in which the relations of succession and precession between individual finite cognitions are explained. The paper ends with a brief reflection regarding the possibility of developing this model of continuous Cognition as a theory of extended cognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecofeminism refers to a broad range philosophical and political movements that call attention to the link between social oppression and environmental destruction. Despite their relevance and potential theoretical and practical utility, ecofeminisms are largely absent from extant approaches to environmental governance (E-Governance). In addition to calling attention to the absence of ecofeminist voices in this arena, this paper explores the consequences of said exclusion and assesses the potential for ecofeminism to inform and ultimately improve E-Governance initiatives. I find that E-Governance research often disregards or fails to explicitly acknowledge and incorporate the inseparable and mutually reinforcing nature of social and environmental forms of domination and oppression. The consequences of this are twofold. First, many extant approaches forgo any opportunity to leverage the resolution of social inequities as a potential mechanism for reducing environmental harm. Second, initiatives that appear to be equity-driven often emerge as paternalistic and perpetuate the marginalization of oppressed groups. Accordingly, I develop and apply a novel collection of ecofeminist-informed design principles for evaluating, informing, and improving existing E-Governance initiatives. Ultimately, this paper yields fresh insight into the way ecofeminist voices can help researchers, communities, and societies transform how they think about societal interactions with the environment and equips E-Governance with the capacity to challenge social and environmental exploitation simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes Sergei Eisenstein's essay "The Form of the Script" (1929), focusing particularly on its publication and translation history. It reconstructs the missing parts and the logic of the essay based on its original Russian print and an early German translation. In so doing, the paper clarifies Eisenstein's position in the debates surrounding the various forms and formats of screenwriting. It additionally draws attention to the role of rhythm in Eisenstein's screenwriting theory and in his essayistic writing. Finally, this article offers a new translation of "The Form of the Script," which brings the essay as close as possible to its original publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to explore the resistance strategies that women characters use in engaging with oppressive systems in their societies in selected African texts. Women's choices in marriage and sexuality are often suppressed in public discourses. Women often have to contend with marginalization, exploitation, powerlessness, and forced marriages. This paper examines Alifa Rifaat's collection of short stories, Distant View of a Minaret , and Tayeb Salih's Season of Migration to the North and argues that these writers present women who, faced with difficult situations, register their protest through silence, murder, or resort to a closeted alternate sexuality. These are not merely survival strategies but are also protest making ventures. One major conclusion is the important role writers play in giving voice to these protests. However, it is necessary to indicate that the ephemeral nature of these protest movements in the face of the toxic gender dynamics that prevail in the texts is a testament to the need for more sustained activism and advocacy for equal gender rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heidi Kaufman's book, "Strangers in the Archive: Literary Evidence and London's East End," explores the life and work of Maria Polack, an openly Jewish Englishwoman who published the first novel by a Jewish woman in 1830. Kaufman's research reveals that Polack's novel, "Fiction without Romance, or The Locket-Watch," targeted a broad Jewish readership across various communities, including readers in British colonies like Jamaica and Barbados. Kaufman expands Polack's archive by consulting the Legacies of British Slave-Ownership website, comparing subscriber data with other publications, and incorporating private papers from the Lyon family, who had connections to the West Indies. Kaufman's work highlights the interconnectedness of East and West End literary culture and challenges stereotypes of urban degeneration. [Extracted from the article]

This paper argues that in the mid-nineteenth century, practitioners of the nascent discipline of racial science sought to create an empiricist praxis that was divorced from feelings to describe the so-called facts of race. And yet, while scientific race was framed as a taxonomic system that might label, order, and know what race is, this knowledge system depended upon an understanding of how certain races feel. This paper examines the works of James Hunt and Robert Knox, prominent race scientists whose writings suggest a future of empirical mastery over the racialized and their allegedly chaotic affects. Unruly racial feeling, however, is also essential to the structure of this ostensibly empirical discipline. While race science suggests the eventual containment of disruptive racial feeling, this promise is forever deferred because the foundation of the praxis relies on the very emotion it disavows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the first two years of operation of Marc Ferrez & Filhos (Marc Ferrez & Sons), a pioneer of film distribution in Brazil. As exclusive representative of French Pathé Frères in the country, the company oversaw the expansion of permanent movie theaters in Rio de Janeiro starting in 1907, created a national distribution network, and shaped the budding film market in Brazil. The paper shows that the increase in domestic film production after 1908, the so-called belle époque of Brazilian cinema, resulted from Marc Ferrez & Filhos’ dominance in programming at the best movie theaters in the capital of Brazil using their own original and exclusive representation model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the production of fatwas and pluralism of the Islamic legal perspective on almsgiving (zakat) issued by Muslim civil society organizations in Indonesia and analyzes the goals, methods, and logic of Islamic scholars in formulating their religious judgments (fatwa). Religious teachings have been instrumental in underpinning the spirit of giving and volunteering. Yet, questions about how religious teachings are interpreted through various Islamic legal examinations remain interesting to discuss, partly because the nuances of the fatwa on zakat indicate Muslims' pluralistic and dynamic reception of Islamic teachings. Some Muslim civil society organizations have produced hundreds of fatwas on zakat in response to Muslim communities' questions. This paper argues that efforts to contextualize zakat practices and endeavors to preserve the orthodoxy of the zakat tradition among Indonesian Islamic scholars and fatwa institutions have led to diversity in formulating legal reasoning and in turn resulted in fatwa pluralism and fragmented zakat practices in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Canadian Council of Muslim Women (CCMW) is one of the oldest national Muslim organizations in Canada. It was founded in Winnipeg, Manitoba, in 1982 by the late Dr. Lila Fahlman and a group of determined Muslim women who sought to channel their passion for faith-centered social justice work and create a more inclusive Canada for all. CCMW promotes Muslim women's identity in the Canadian context and encourages mutual understanding between Canadian Muslim women and women of other faiths. CCMW is a national not-for-profit organization with 17 chapters across Canada comprised of Canadian Muslim women and girls of diverse races, ages, ethnicities, sexualities, and abilities. This paper chronicles the experiences of CCMW to continue its work and thrive on the strengths of its volunteers and commitment to improve the lives of Canadian Muslim women and girls. The need for an organization like CCMW continues to grow as Islamophobia and gender-based violence become more pronounced. Raising funds for causes that focus on issues facing Muslim women has been challenging, yet CCMW has survived while many other Muslim organizations have come and gone. The paper will share CCMW's experiences in seeking and acquiring grants to carry out projects without charitable status and plans for long-term sustainability. Through the case study of CCMW's Lila Fahlman Scholarships as a philanthropic endeavor, the paper will illustrate successes and struggles to raise funds specifically for Muslim women and girls. The paper will share CCMW's journey in applying for charitable status and insights on the application process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate changes are happening at an unprecedented rate, as identified in the 2021 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Environmental philanthropy, those acts of contributions toward the conservation and preservation of the environment, need to be better understood, as research suggests there is insufficient literature in this area. For Muslims living in Canada, the concept of charity, khalifa (a sacred entrustment whereby Muslims strive to support and preserve all of the Earth and what is in it), and worship take root and have developed within a context of immigration, identity formation, and broader Canadian contexts. The Muslim Canadian identity is informed by the social, political, economic, and historical elements of the Muslim Canadian experience. In turn, this informs the Muslim Canadian environmental philanthropy narrative. This paper explores the relationship between Islam, eco-consciousness, and its manifestations in environmental philanthropy in Canada and how this is informing the climate change crisis. Centered on the narratives of ten Muslim Canadians currently leading and involved with environmental philanthropy, the paper also offers insight on future considerations for environmental philanthropy within the Muslim Canadian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]