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[Display omitted] • Constructing sulfur vacancies on SnS 2 to induce spin polarization that avoids electron-hole recombination. • Superoxide radicals destroy bacterial cell membranes. • Sv-SnS 2 has broad-spectrum bactericidal properties under visible light. • Sv-SnS 2 has good biocompatibility. With the emergence and massive spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is urgent to develop new bactericidal technologies. Photocatalytic sterilization is a technique that uses solar energy to produce reactive oxygen species to kill pathogenic bacteria, and ROS effects depends on the charge separation characteristics of photocatalysts, so the development of strategies to promote charge separation is crucial. Here, we use the strategy of introducing sulfur vacancy on SnS 2 , effectively improving the separation of photogenerated charge. The femtosecond transient absorption results confirm that the charge lifetime of SnS 2 (Sv-SnS 2) after the introduction of the sulfur vacancy is 13.33 times that of pristine SnS 2. The DFT theoretical results confirm that sulfur vacancy causes spin polarization. It is easier to separate when the spin direction of the electrons and holes changes. In addition, the sulfur vacancy also expands the light absorption range and exposes the surface catalytic site. These phenomena lead to a higher ROS yield of Sv-SnS 2 (confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance results). Thus, Sv-SnS 2 killed 99.99 % of E. coli and MRSA within 40 min under visible-light illumination. This efficient bactericidal performance can be attributed to improved photogenerated charge separation. This study confirms the effectiveness of sulfur vacancy strategy to improve charge separation and extend charge life, and applies it to the killing of antibiotic resistant bacteria, providing a new idea for the killing of resistant bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Hydrothermal synthesis of magnetic core–shell material Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA with high specific surface area. • Highly efficient adsorption of six heavy metal ions. • Theoretical and experimental analysis revealed the adsorption mechanism. • Magnetic separation and excellent reusability even after six cycles. With the ever-increasing challenge of heavy metal pollution, the imperative for developing highly efficient adsorbents has become apparent to remove metal ions from wastewater completely. In this study, we introduce a novel magnetic core–shell adsorbent, Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA. It features a polydopamine (PDA) modified zirconium-based metal–organic framework (UiO-66) synthesized through a simple solvothermal method. The adsorbent boasts a unique core–shell architecture with a high specific surface area, abundant micropores, and remarkable thermal stability. The adsorption capabilities of six metal ions (Fe3+, Mn2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, and Cd2+) were systematically investigated, guided by the theory of hard and soft acids and bases. Among these, three representative metal ions (Fe3+, Pb2+, and Hg2+) were scrutinized in detail. The activated Fe 3 O 4 @UiO-66-PDA exhibited exceptional adsorption capacities for these metal ions, achieving impressive values of 97.99 mg/g, 121.42 mg/g, and 130.72 mg/g, respectively, at pH 5.0. Moreover, the adsorbent demonstrated efficient recovery from aqueous solution using an external magnet, maintaining robust adsorption efficiency (>80%) and stability even after six cycles. To delve deeper into the optimized adsorption of Hg2+, density functional theory (DFT) analysis was employed, revealing an adsorption energy of -2.61 eV for Hg2+. This notable adsorption capacity was primarily attributed to electron interactions and coordination effects. This study offers valuable insights into metal ion adsorption facilitated, by magnetic metal–organic framework (MOF) materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]